CN112108498A - Integrated treatment method and treatment device for solid garbage and leachate in household garbage - Google Patents
Integrated treatment method and treatment device for solid garbage and leachate in household garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112108498A CN112108498A CN202010949543.3A CN202010949543A CN112108498A CN 112108498 A CN112108498 A CN 112108498A CN 202010949543 A CN202010949543 A CN 202010949543A CN 112108498 A CN112108498 A CN 112108498A
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000149 chemical water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated treatment method and a treatment device for solid garbage and percolate in household garbage. The integrated treatment method comprises the steps of separating the household garbage to obtain solid garbage and leachate, gasifying the solid garbage at a high temperature in a gasification device in an oxygen-free environment, simultaneously introducing the atomized leachate into the gasification device, enabling water in the leachate to react with the solid garbage to generate gas, and directly gasifying organic matters in the leachate to generate the gas. The invention can realize the integrated treatment of the solid garbage and the percolate, not only saves the treatment cost, but also realizes the reasonable utilization of resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to an integrated treatment method and a treatment device for solid garbage and percolate in household garbage.
Background
Garbage is solid waste generated in daily life and production of human beings, and needs to be subjected to harmless and recycling treatment due to large discharge amount, complex and various components, pollution and the like. In the prior art, the widely used methods of waste treatment are sanitary landfill, high temperature composting and incineration.
The incineration of the domestic garbage is to carry out dry-wet separation on the domestic garbage and respectively treat the solid garbage and the separated percolate. The solid waste is mainly incinerated, which easily causes environmental pollution, and the residue after combustion needs further treatment. The treatment of leachate includes physicochemical, biological and land treatment processes. The physical and chemical treatment method mainly adopts a coagulation method, an ammonium magnesium phosphate precipitation method, an ammonia stripping method, an adsorption method, a membrane separation method, a chemical oxidation method and the like, and needs to add extra reagents and professional equipment for treatment. For example, membrane separation requires that the permeate is concentrated and then the concentrated permeate is treated with a permeable membrane. Although the membrane separation method can efficiently remove substances needing to be separated from water, the membrane maintenance and cleaning cost is high, and meanwhile, the landfill leachate pollutes the membrane seriously, so that the cost of membrane treatment of the landfill leachate is high; and the treatment of the concentrated water produced after membrane separation is still difficult to solve. The biological treatment method effectively reduces the concentration of pollutants in the leachate through biological action and has the advantage of low treatment cost, but the landfill leachate is mostly acidic due to high requirement on sewage temperature and high requirement on pH, and the effluent COD value of the anaerobic biological method is still high, so that the application of the anaerobic biological method is limited. The main modes of land treatment are a recharge method and an artificial wetland, and the land method is less adopted at present because the land method is easy to cause long-term pollution to underground water and soil.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems that solid garbage and percolate are respectively treated in the existing domestic garbage treatment process, and the treated percolate has high treatment cost, incomplete treatment and easy secondary pollution to the environment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the integrated treatment method of solid garbage and percolate in domestic garbage includes separating domestic garbage to obtain solid garbage and percolate, gasifying the solid garbage in a gasifying device in oxygen-free environment at high temperature, atomizing percolate and introducing the atomized percolate into the gasifying device to react water in the percolate with the solid garbage to produce gas, and gasifying the organic matter in the percolate directly into gas.
After the domestic garbage is separated, the solid garbage is gasified, and the separated percolate is sprayed back to the gasification furnace, so that water in the percolate participates in the gasification of the solid garbage, and organic matters in the percolate can be gasified into H synchronously2、CO2、CO、CH4Waiting for gas, and through follow-up collection processing for the filtration liquid obtains rational utilization, and the energy has obtained abundant recovery, avoids the organic matter waste in the filtration liquid, and thoroughly solved filtration liquid concentrated back accumulational problem, provides a feasible solution for the thorough processing of filtration liquid. Because the gasification reaction is always carried out in an oxygen-free environment, the generation of dioxin is reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the method is environment-friendly.
Further, nitrogen gas was previously introduced into the gasification apparatus to obtain an oxygen-free atmosphere.
The invention also provides an integrated treatment device for solid garbage and percolate in household garbage, which comprises a solid-liquid separation device, a transmission pipe, a gasification device, a cooling device, a drying device, a collection device and a tail gas treatment device;
the solid-liquid separation device is provided with a solid outlet and a liquid outlet;
the gasification device is of a closed tank body structure and is provided with a feeding port, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet;
one end of the conveying pipe is connected with a solid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device, and the other end of the conveying pipe is communicated with a feeding port of the gasification device; the gas outlet is sequentially connected with a cooling device and a drying device through pipelines, and the drying device is respectively connected with a gas collecting device and a tail gas treatment device through pipelines; the liquid outlet is connected with a liquid collecting device through a pipeline;
the material inlet of the gasification device is also provided with an air blowing device, one end of the air blowing device is connected with a nitrogen gas source through an air pipe, and the other end of the air blowing device extends into the material inlet of the gasification device;
the device further comprises an atomizing device, wherein an inlet of the atomizing device is connected with a liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device, and an outlet of the atomizing device is communicated with a feeding port of the gasification device through a pipeline.
Through setting up solid-liquid separation equipment, transmission pipe, gasification equipment, cooling device, drying device, collection device and tail gas processing apparatus, can realize the integrated processing of solid waste and filtration liquid among the domestic waste, practiced thrift cost, manpower, material resources, reduce required equipment quantity, practice thrift domestic waste's disposal space.
Furthermore, the conveying pipe is of a spiral auger structure, so that the solid garbage can be directly conveyed to the gasification device from the garbage separation device conveniently, manual transfer is avoided, the treatment efficiency is improved, and the treatment cost is reduced.
Further, still include a agitating unit, agitating unit stretches into gasification equipment from pan feeding mouth department in, sets up agitating unit and can make solid waste and N2And the water vapor is uniformly mixed, so that the gasification efficiency is improved.
Further, the gasification device is a gasification furnace; the gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, a heating assembly is wound on the outer side of the furnace body, and a shell is arranged on the outer side of the heating assembly; a temperature sensor is also arranged in the furnace body. .
Furthermore, a flowmeter is arranged between the blowing device and the nitrogen gas source, so that the flow of nitrogen gas can be conveniently controlled, and the anaerobic environment in the blowing device can be maintained.
Furthermore, the outlet of the atomization device is connected with a flowmeter through a pipeline and then extends into the feeding port of the gasification device, so that the gasification process of the solid garbage is convenient to control, and the design is reasonable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides an integrated treatment method of solid garbage and leachate in household garbage, which is characterized in that the solid garbage is gasified after the household garbage is separated, the separated leachate is sprayed back to a gasification furnace, water in the leachate participates in the gasification of the solid garbage, and organic matters in the leachate are also gasified into H synchronously2、CO2、CO、CH4Waiting for gas, and through follow-up collection processing for the filtration liquid obtains rational utilization, and the energy has obtained abundant recovery, avoids the organic matter waste in the filtration liquid, and thoroughly solved filtration liquid concentrated back accumulational problem, provides a feasible solution for the thorough processing of filtration liquid. Because the gasification reaction is always carried out in an oxygen-free environment, the generation of dioxin is reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the method is environment-friendly.
2. The integrated treatment equipment for the solid garbage and the percolate in the household garbage can realize the integrated treatment of the solid garbage and the percolate in the household garbage, save the cost, the manpower and the material resources, reduce the required equipment quantity and save the treatment space of the household garbage.
3. The integrated treatment equipment for solid garbage and leachate in household garbage provided by the invention realizes the continuous feeding of fixed garbage and leachate, solves the problem that after the existing household garbage is reacted, a stirring device, an atomizing device and the like on a gasification furnace need to be dismounted and then refilled, and improves the efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an integrated treatment device for solid waste and leachate in household garbage.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the integrated treatment method of solid waste and leachate in household garbage.
In the figure: the device comprises a solid-liquid separation device 1, a transmission pipe 2, a gasification device 3, a cooling device 4, a drying device 5, a gas collecting device 6, a liquid collecting device 7, a tail gas treatment device 8, a blowing device 9, an atomization device 10 and a stirring device 11.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, an integrated treatment device for solid waste and leachate in household garbage comprises a solid-liquid separation device, a transmission pipe, a gasification device, a cooling device, a drying device, a collection device and a tail gas treatment device. The solid-liquid separation device has a solid outlet and a liquid outlet. The gasification device is of a closed tank structure and is provided with a feeding port, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet. When the gasification device is specifically implemented, the gasification device is a gasification furnace, the gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, a heating assembly is wound on the outer side of the furnace body, and a shell is arranged on the outer side of the heating assembly. And a temperature sensor is also arranged in the furnace body, so that the temperature in the furnace body can be conveniently detected. One end of the conveying pipe is connected with a solid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device, and the other end of the conveying pipe is communicated with a feeding port of the gasification device. During specific implementation, the conveying pipe is of a spiral auger structure, so that the solid garbage can be directly conveyed to the gasification device from the garbage separation device conveniently, manual transfer is avoided, the treatment efficiency is improved, and the treatment cost is reduced. The gas outlet is sequentially connected with the cooling device and the drying device through pipelines, and the drying device is respectively connected with the gas collecting device and the tail gas treatment device through pipelines. The liquid outlet is connected with a liquid collecting device through a pipeline.
And a blowing device is also arranged at the feed inlet of the gasification device, one end of the blowing device is connected with a nitrogen gas source through a gas pipe, and the other end of the blowing device extends into the feed inlet of the gasification device. During specific implementation, a flowmeter is arranged between the blowing device and the nitrogen gas source, so that the flow of nitrogen gas can be conveniently controlled, and the anaerobic environment in the blowing device is kept. During implementation, the outlet of the atomization device is connected with a flowmeter through a pipeline and then extends into the feeding port of the gasification device, so that the gasification process of the solid garbage is convenient to control, and the design is reasonable.
The integrated treatment device also comprises an atomization device, wherein the inlet of the atomization device is connected with the liquid of the solid-liquid separation deviceThe outlet is connected with the feed inlet of the gasification device through a pipeline. When the gasification device is specifically implemented, the gasification device also comprises a stirring device, and the stirring device extends into the gasification device from the feed inlet. The stirring device can mix the solid garbage with N2And the water vapor is uniformly mixed, so that the gasification of the solid garbage is accelerated, and the gasification efficiency is improved. The stirring device is a commercially available product, and the stirring section of the stirring device may be inserted into the gasification device and may be rotated and stirred in the gasification device.
The integrated treatment device for the solid garbage and the percolate in the household garbage is used for treating the household garbage, the household garbage is separated to obtain the solid garbage and the percolate, nitrogen is introduced into the gasification device in advance to obtain an anaerobic environment, then the solid garbage is gasified at high temperature in the gasification device under the anaerobic environment, the percolate is atomized and then introduced into the gasification device, so that water in the percolate is used for reacting with the solid garbage to generate gas, and organic matters in the percolate are directly gasified into the gas.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the household garbage is first separated in a solid-liquid separation device, and the solid garbage is discharged from a solid outlet and then transferred to a gasification device through a transfer pipe. And (3) exhausting the gasification device by adopting a blowing device to exhaust air (oxygen) in the gasification device to form an oxygen-free environment to prepare for gasification. Heating the gasification furnace to a high temperature of 850-1000 ℃. The leachate is discharged from the liquid outlet and then is connected with the inlet of the atomizing device through a pipeline, and is sprayed out from the outlet of the atomizing device and mixed with solid garbage after being atomized and dispersed by the atomizing device, at the moment, water and organic matters in the leachate are scattered on the solid garbage after being dispersed, and are uniformly mixed with the solid garbage through the stirring device to carry out gasification reaction. After the reaction is finished, the products of the gasified organic matters in the solid garbage and the percolate comprise tar and H2、CO2、CO、CH4Gas is discharged from the liquid outlet and introduced into the liquid collecting device through the pipeline, and the mixed gas is cooled by the cooling device and then separated according to the difference of density, H2CO separated by separate collection2、CO、CH4Using the same gas as tail gasIs discharged after being further processed.
After the domestic garbage is separated, the solid garbage is gasified, and the separated percolate is sprayed back to the gasification furnace, so that water in the percolate participates in the gasification of the solid garbage, and organic matters in the percolate can be gasified into H synchronously2、CO2、CO、CH4Waiting for gas, and through follow-up collection processing for the filtration liquid obtains rational utilization, and the energy has obtained abundant recovery, avoids the organic matter waste in the filtration liquid, and thoroughly solved filtration liquid concentrated back accumulational problem, provides a feasible solution for the thorough processing of filtration liquid. Because the gasification reaction is always carried out in an oxygen-free environment, the generation of dioxin is reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the method is environment-friendly.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all that should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The integrated treatment method of the solid garbage and the leachate in the household garbage is characterized in that the household garbage is separated to obtain the solid garbage and the leachate, the solid garbage is gasified at high temperature in a gasification device in an oxygen-free environment, and meanwhile, the leachate is atomized and then is introduced into the gasification device, so that water in the leachate is used for reacting with the solid garbage to generate gas, and organic matters in the leachate are directly gasified into the gas.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein nitrogen is introduced into the gasification device to obtain an oxygen-free environment.
3. An integrated treatment device for solid garbage and percolate in household garbage is characterized by comprising a solid-liquid separation device, a transmission pipe, a gasification device, a cooling device, a drying device, a collection device and a tail gas treatment device;
the solid-liquid separation device is provided with a solid outlet and a liquid outlet;
the gasification device is of a closed tank body structure and is provided with a feeding port, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet;
one end of the conveying pipe is connected with a solid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device, and the other end of the conveying pipe is communicated with a feeding port of the gasification device; the gas outlet is sequentially connected with a cooling device and a drying device through pipelines, and the drying device is respectively connected with a gas collecting device and a tail gas treatment device through pipelines; the liquid outlet is connected with a liquid collecting device through a pipeline;
the material inlet of the gasification device is also provided with an air blowing device, one end of the air blowing device is connected with a nitrogen gas source through an air pipe, and the other end of the air blowing device extends into the material inlet of the gasification device;
the device further comprises an atomizing device, wherein an inlet of the atomizing device is connected with a liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device, and an outlet of the atomizing device is communicated with a feeding port of the gasification device through a pipeline.
4. The integrated treatment device for solid waste and leachate in household garbage according to claim 3, wherein the conveying pipe is of a spiral auger structure.
5. The integrated treatment device for solid waste and leachate in household garbage according to claim 3, further comprising a stirring device, wherein the stirring device extends into the gasification device from the inlet.
6. The integrated treatment device for solid waste and leachate in household garbage according to claim 3, wherein the gasification device is a gasification furnace comprising a furnace body; a heating assembly is wound on the outer side of the furnace body, and a shell is arranged on the outer side of the heating assembly; a temperature sensor is also arranged in the furnace body.
7. The integrated treatment device for solid waste and leachate in household garbage according to claim 3, wherein a flow meter is provided between the blowing device and the nitrogen gas source.
8. The integrated treatment device for solid garbage and percolate in household garbage according to claim 3, characterized in that the outlet of the atomization device is connected with a flowmeter through a pipeline by a pipeline and then extends into the inlet of the gasification device.
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2020
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