CN1121077C - Method for modulating output voltage of fuel cell set, and fuel cell set having modulated output voltage - Google Patents
Method for modulating output voltage of fuel cell set, and fuel cell set having modulated output voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN1121077C CN1121077C CN98114176A CN98114176A CN1121077C CN 1121077 C CN1121077 C CN 1121077C CN 98114176 A CN98114176 A CN 98114176A CN 98114176 A CN98114176 A CN 98114176A CN 1121077 C CN1121077 C CN 1121077C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for regulating output voltage of a fuel battery pack. The present invention is characterized in that one to six backup batteries are additionally arranged in the whole battery pack. Each backup battery comprises one to five single batteries. When the total voltage is below the lower limit of the rated value, part or all of backup batteries are accessed to a circuit to work. When the output voltage of the battery pack is higher than the upper limit of the rated value, the backup batteries are cut. The present invention has the advantages of easy realization and high reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell technology, a kind of method of adjustment of fuel battery output voltage and the fuel battery of adjustable output voltage are provided especially.
Background technology
The dynamic internal resistance of fuel cell is very big, and overload capacity is limited, and in the long-time running process, battery performance also can descend gradually.In order (for example: when load changes at double to satisfy the user to the various requirement of supply voltage, operating voltage will be stabilized in certain scope), must adjust the output voltage of battery pack, the following several method of external employing usually: 1. when the battery pack output voltage is higher than predetermined value, in fuel gas and/or oxidant, add a certain amount of inert gas, or cathode exhaust gas partly looped back in the negative electrode air feed, to reduce output voltage.2. according to the variation control fuel gas of load and the pressure and the flow velocity of oxidant.3. the part electric energy is used to charge a battery during normal load, and voltage is in control range when guaranteeing peak load.4. adopting reformer to obtain in the system of thick hydrogen, according to the variation of load, the reaction condition and the charging rate of control reforming reactor are to change pressure, speed and the hydrogen content etc. of the thick hydrogen that is transformed.As document 1 Ger.Offer 2,941,514 methods that provided be, when battery load reduces, during the output voltage overrate, cathode exhaust gas partly circulated to add in the air feed of negative electrode, with the reduction partial pressure of oxygen, thereby guarantee that output voltage drops in the rated range.Document 2 Jpn.Kokei Tokkyo Koho JP.59,111,270 method is that power output is compared with rated power, controls electromagnetically operated valve on fuel and the oxidant supply gas pipeline with this, to adjust supply gas pressure and flow velocity, reach the purpose of control power output.All there is the controlled condition complexity in said method, is difficult to implement the characteristics of poor reliability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fuel battery output voltage method of adjustment and Adjustable Output Voltage fuel battery, it is easy to realize the reliability height.
The invention provides a kind of fuel battery output voltage method of adjustment.Its characteristics are: adopt the mode of prepackage reserve battery in the battery pack, part or all of reserve battery is inserted battery circuit in limited time when the total voltage of battery is lower than the following of rated value, adjust upward the total output voltage of battery pack to rated value; When the total voltage of battery is higher than going up in limited time of rated value,, adjust the total output voltage of battery pack downwards to rated value with part or all of reserve battery excision battery pack; Be specially:
With the total output voltage values of battery pack is sampling value, is reference voltage with the operating voltage rated value, and sampling value is compared with reference voltage, by the conducting direction of control magnetic latch relay coil, described reserve battery is inserted or excision; That is: establishing sampling value is VS, the higher limit of reference voltage value is VH, lower limit is VL, when sampling value VS is lower than lower limit VL value, sense of current of control magnetic latch relay coil, a relay common port and a contact adhesive that connects reserve battery partly or entirely insert battery circuit with described reserve battery, adjust upward the total output voltage of battery pack to rated value; When sampling value VS is higher than higher limit VH value, control magnetic latch relay coil electric current is a rightabout, relay common port and another contact adhesive that does not connect reserve battery, the described reserve battery that adds is partly or entirely excised from battery circuit, adjust the total output voltage of battery pack downwards to rated value.
The present invention also provides a kind of Adjustable Output Voltage fuel battery that adopts said method, it is characterized in that: whole battery group is made of by 1～6 unit reserve battery of control circuit serial connection specified battery, and every unit reserve battery comprises 1～5 monocell;
Control circuit is by core parts magnetic latch relay, voltage comparator circuit, control Driver Circuit is formed, input signal VS of voltage comparator circuit is from battery pack, another input signal is a reference voltage, the output of voltage comparator circuit links to each other with the magnetic latch relay coil through control Driver Circuit, the end of the last batteries of magnetic latch relay public termination battery pack adjacent single cells, an one contact JH links to each other with the reserve battery front end, the minor details of reserve battery connect the front end of a batteries after the battery pack adjacent single cells, and another contact of magnetic latch relay JK links to each other with described reserve battery is terminal; Described control Driver Circuit mainly constitutes bridge architecture by oscillator 1, oscillator 2 and triode T1～T8, the control input end of oscillator 1, oscillator 2 connects the output of voltage comparator circuit, and its output connects the magnetic latch relay coil through one group of triode respectively; Wherein: the output termination triode T3 of an oscillator 1, T5, T8, triode T8 export a contact of magnetic latch relay to; Output termination triode T4, the T6～T7 of another oscillator 2, triode T7 exports another contact of magnetic latch relay to; The control input end of oscillator 1, oscillator 2 is made of triode T1 and T2.
Every in addition battery backup two termination diodes.Wherein, the reserve battery unit number is preferably 1～3, and every unit reserve battery preferably includes 2～3 monocells.
For control fuel battery output voltage in preset range, technology provided by the invention comprises following main points:
1. whole battery group installs reserve battery additional, and the loading of reserve battery is instruction with total output voltage values.When total voltage is lower than the lower limit of rated value, partly or entirely reserve battery place in circuit work raises voltage and reaches rated value; When the battery pack output voltage is higher than going up in limited time of rated value, excise these reserve batteries again, make it unloaded.
2. single pond number of reserve battery unit number and every unit reserve battery should be according to the performance in single pond, the scope of load variations and require the precision of control, the situation of battery long-term work performance degradation to wait to determine.
3. voltage is adjusted electronic circuit and is pressed the design of Fig. 1 block diagram.
The access in standby single pond and excision realize that by control magnetic latch relay J MX-5M when output voltage was higher than rated value, JMX-5M made contact JK closure to one side adhesive, and JH disconnects, and reserve battery does not insert battery pack (or from battery pack excision).When output voltage was lower than rated value, JMX-5M was to the another side adhesive, and contact JK disconnects, the JH closure, and reserve battery inserts battery pack work.
This voltage adjustment system can insert a plurality of unit reserve battery or excision simultaneously.Prescribe a time limit when output voltage is lower than under the rated value, the system command first module inserts, and then inserts Unit second as still not reaching requirement, and Unit the 3rd is higher than lower limit up to output voltage; Otherwise, then begin excision, till complete resection from last unit that has loaded if output voltage is higher than higher limit.
In the reserve battery handoff procedure, promptly the moment open circuit by diode D and battery pack and load formation loop, does not take place with the output that guarantees battery pack in the contact JH of JMX-5M, JK transfer process.
4. the control Driver Circuit of magnetic latch relay such as Fig. 2, when the battery pack output voltage is lower than lower control limit, the signal Vcon of voltage comparator circuit output is a low level, the a string square wave of oscillator 1 output, triode T3, T5, T8 conducting, electric current is flowed into by left end, flows out from right-hand member, relay contact and the adhesive of JH end, reserve battery inserts; When the battery pack output voltage was higher than upper control limit, the signal Vcon of voltage comparator circuit output was a high level, a string square wave of oscillator 2 outputs, triode T4, T6, T7 conducting, electric current is flowed into by right-hand member, flows out from left end, relay contact and the adhesive of JK end, the reserve battery excision.
In a word, 1. the present invention adopts the scheme of using battery in the battery pack with equipment in the output voltage control first, has simplified control system.
2. designed circuit has guaranteed the correct switching of reserve battery, and handoff procedure does not have the moment open circuit.
3. because the present invention adopts the method for cut-in stand-by battery, need not change operating parameter, battery system can always work under the optimum condition, has improved the efficient of whole fuel battery.
4. adopt voltage adjustment technique of the present invention, even when changing (for example being multiplied) significantly in power output, the output voltage of battery pack still can be controlled in the rated range, and this is that other are unapproachable by the scheme institute that changes operating parameter control voltage.
5. utilize the pulse train control relay, not only control is reliable, and can save the electric energy that drive circuit consumes.Utilize triode to form contactless bridge-type phase inverter, overcome the shortcoming that the contact switch response time is long, the life-span is short, power consumption is big.
Description of drawings
By embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the voltage-regulating circuit block diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the control Driver Circuit of magnetic latch relay.
Accompanying drawing 3 is voltage comparator circuit I.
Accompanying drawing 4 is voltage comparator circuit II.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A fuel battery I who is made up of 31 monocells, wherein two (the 25th, 26) are the reserve battery of a unit.Require output voltage to be controlled between 26.5 ± 0.15V and the 29.8 ± 0.15V.Fig. 3 is a voltage comparator circuit, and cell output voltage VS is after DW1, DW2 step-down, and by the positive input terminal that inserts comparator after R4, the R5 dividing potential drop as sampling voltage, reference voltage 6V inserts comparator after R1, R2 and R3 dividing potential drop negative input end is voltage as a comparison.When sampling voltage was higher than comparative voltage, output voltage V con was a high level, and when sampling voltage was lower than comparative voltage, output voltage V con was a low level.Vcon is imported the drive circuit of Fig. 2 and make control voltage, can realize the switching of reserve battery.
Table 1 is the experimental result of fuel battery I output voltage.
Embodiment 2
39 monocells are formed fuel battery II, wherein four reserve batteries (the 21st, 22 is first unit, and the 31st, 32 is second unit) of forming two unit.Require voltage control between 26.5 ± 0.15V and 29.8 ± 0.15V.
Fig. 4 is a voltage comparator circuit, and U4 is general bidirectional shift register, wherein moves to left and presets ' 1 ', move to right and preset ' 0 ', when sampling voltage VS was lower than comparative voltage VL, register moved to right and puts ' 0 ', when sampling voltage VS was higher than comparative voltage VH, register moved to left and puts ' 1 '.Q is a control signal output ends.Q1 is outputed to the input Vcon1 of the drive circuit of a group relay, Q2 is outputed to the input Vcon2 of the drive circuit of another group relay, realized the switching of two unit reserve batteries.Around this principle, this control circuit is through suitably adjusting the switching that can be used for arbitrary unit reserve battery.
Table 2 is the experimental result of fuel battery II output voltage.
In above two embodiment, detect the output voltage that switches the moment fuel battery, all do not find opening circuit of Millisecond.Ambient temperature changes in 20～60 ℃ of scopes, and the bound that voltage is adjusted changes less than 0.05V.
Table 1 battery pack I output voltage is adjusted the result
| Cumulative time hr | Electric current A | Current density mA/cm 2 | Total voltage V | Job note pond number | The single voltage of reserve battery | |
| V25 | V26 | |||||
| 1 | 6.6 | 50 | 28.7 | 29 | 1.124 | 1.126 |
| 100 | 6.3 | 47 | 28.2 | 29 | 1.106 | 1.105 |
| 200 | 12.65 | 94 | 27.9 | 31 | 0.905 | 0.911 |
| 300 | 6.6 | 50 | 29.5 | 31 | 0.950 | 0.956 |
| 400 | 12.80 | 95 | 27.3 | 31 | 0.902 | 0.892 |
| 510 | 6.90 | 51 | 29.5 | 31 | 0.916 | 0.901 |
| 600 | 6.15 | 45 | 27.7 | 29 | 1.113 | 1.115 |
| 700 | 12.8 | 95 | 26.7 | 31 | 0.890 | 0.886 |
| 800 | 6.35 | 47 | 29.0 | 31 | 0.933 | 0.935 |
| 880 | 12.5 | 93 | 26.6 | 31 | 0.882 | 0.864 |
| 900 | 6.4 | 47 | 28.8 | 31 | 0.925 | 0.931 |
| 1000 | 7.6 | 56 | 28.4 | 31 | 0.931 | 0.925 |
Table 2 battery pack II output voltage is adjusted the result
| Cumulative time hr | Electric current A | Current density mA/c m 2 | Total voltage V | Job note pond number | The single voltage of reserve battery | |||
| V21 | V22 | V31 | V32 | |||||
| 1 | 10.29 | 76 | 29.50 | 35 | 1.024 | 1.023 | 1.026 | 1.027 |
| 100 | 20.71 | 163 | 27.62 | 35 | 1.022 | 1.021 | 1.020 | 1.028 |
| 200 | 40.25 | 298 | 27.23 | 37 | 0.730 | 0.734 | 1.024 | 1.025 |
| 300 | 10.34 | 77 | 29.66 | 35 | 1.024 | 1.021 | 1.029 | 1.027 |
| 400 | 48.20 | 357 | 26.68 | 39 | 0.678 | 0.689 | 0.680 | 0.685 |
| 500 | 30.39 | 226 | 26.45 | 35 | 1.023 | 1.028 | 1.026 | 1.021 |
| 600 | 20.71 | 153 | 27.55 | 35 | 1.019 | 1.025 | 1.023 | 1.026 |
| 700 | 48.17 | 357 | 26.55 | 39 | 0.681 | 0.685 | 0.679 | 0.689 |
| 800 | 40.28 | 298 | 27.03 | 37 | 0.735 | 0.740 | 1.025 | 1.020 |
| 900 | 20.78 | 154 | 27.48 | 35 | 1.028 | 1.019 | 1.025 | 1.027 |
| 1000 | 30.96 | 226 | 27.69 | 37 | 0.747 | 0.749 | 1.018 | 1.018 |
| 1100 | 40.25 | 298 | 27.10 | 37 | 0.735 | 0.738 | 1.025 | 1.020 |
| 1200 | 30.50 | 226 | 27.85 | 37 | 0.745 | 0.751 | 1.028 | 1.019 |
Claims (4)
1. fuel battery output voltage method of adjustment, it is characterized in that: the mode that adopts prepackage reserve battery in the battery pack, part or all of reserve battery is inserted battery circuit in limited time when the total voltage of battery is lower than the following of rated value, adjust upward the total output voltage of battery pack to rated value; When the total voltage of battery is higher than going up in limited time of rated value,, adjust the total output voltage of battery pack downwards to rated value with part or all of reserve battery excision battery pack; Be specially:
With the total output voltage values of battery pack is sampling value, is reference voltage with the operating voltage rated value, and sampling value is compared with reference voltage, by the conducting direction of control magnetic latch relay coil, described reserve battery is inserted or excision; That is: establishing sampling value is VS, the higher limit of reference voltage value is VH, lower limit is VL, when sampling value VS is lower than lower limit VL value, sense of current of control magnetic latch relay coil, a relay common port and a contact adhesive that connects reserve battery partly or entirely insert battery circuit with described reserve battery, adjust upward the total output voltage of battery pack to rated value; When sampling value VS is higher than higher limit VH value, control magnetic latch relay coil electric current is a rightabout, relay common port and another contact adhesive that does not connect reserve battery, the described reserve battery that adds is partly or entirely excised from battery circuit, adjust the total output voltage of battery pack downwards to rated value.
2. Adjustable Output Voltage fuel battery is characterized in that: whole battery group is made of by 1～6 unit reserve battery of control circuit serial connection specified battery, and every unit reserve battery comprises 1～5 monocell;
Control circuit is by core parts magnetic latch relay, voltage comparator circuit, control Driver Circuit is formed, input signal of voltage comparator circuit is from battery pack, another input signal is a reference voltage, the output of voltage comparator circuit links to each other with the magnetic latch relay coil through control Driver Circuit, the end of the last batteries of magnetic latch relay public termination battery pack adjacent single cells, an one contact JH links to each other with the reserve battery front end, the minor details of reserve battery connect the front end of a batteries after the battery pack adjacent single cells, and another contact of magnetic latch relay JK links to each other with described reserve battery is terminal; Described control Driver Circuit mainly constitutes bridge architecture by oscillator 1, oscillator 2 and triode T1～T8, the control input end of oscillator 1, oscillator 2 connects the output of voltage comparator circuit, and its output connects the magnetic latch relay coil through one group of triode respectively.
3. according to the described Adjustable Output Voltage fuel battery of claim 2, it is characterized in that: reserve battery two ends, every unit are in parallel with diode.
4. according to the described Adjustable Output Voltage fuel battery of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the reserve battery unit number is 1～3, and every unit reserve battery comprises 2～3 monocells.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98114176A CN1121077C (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1998-07-22 | Method for modulating output voltage of fuel cell set, and fuel cell set having modulated output voltage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98114176A CN1121077C (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1998-07-22 | Method for modulating output voltage of fuel cell set, and fuel cell set having modulated output voltage |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1242615A CN1242615A (en) | 2000-01-26 |
| CN1121077C true CN1121077C (en) | 2003-09-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN98114176A Expired - Fee Related CN1121077C (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1998-07-22 | Method for modulating output voltage of fuel cell set, and fuel cell set having modulated output voltage |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100376067C (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2008-03-19 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Control method for fuel cell safety operation |
| US7446433B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2008-11-04 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Methods and apparatus for providing uninterruptible power |
| US8162417B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2012-04-24 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Modular UPS |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1303716C (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2007-03-07 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell with high output voltage |
| CN102655377B (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2015-05-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Voltage regulating circuit |
| CN110224161A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-09-10 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system |
-
1998
- 1998-07-22 CN CN98114176A patent/CN1121077C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7446433B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2008-11-04 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Methods and apparatus for providing uninterruptible power |
| US7615890B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2009-11-10 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Methods and apparatus for providing uninterruptible power |
| US8148846B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2012-04-03 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Methods and apparatus for providing uninterruptible power |
| US8162417B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2012-04-24 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Modular UPS |
| US8604640B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2013-12-10 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | Methods and apparatus for providing uninterruptible power |
| US8854824B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2014-10-07 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | Modular UPS |
| CN100376067C (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2008-03-19 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Control method for fuel cell safety operation |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1242615A (en) | 2000-01-26 |
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Owner name: DALIAN XINYUAN POWER CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: DALIAN INST OF CHEMICOPHYSICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Effective date: 20020425 |
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