CN112094140A - Method for preparing ecological bacterial fertilizer by utilizing anaerobically treated pig manure wastewater - Google Patents
Method for preparing ecological bacterial fertilizer by utilizing anaerobically treated pig manure wastewater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment and plant planting, in particular to a method for preparing ecological bacterial fertilizer by using anaerobically treated pig manure wastewater. According to the method for preparing the ecological bacterial manure by using the pig manure wastewater, provided by the invention, the effluent of an anaerobic tank of an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system of the pig manure wastewater is used as a raw material, and photosynthetic bacteria rhodopseudomonas palustris, rhodobacter capsulatus and rhodobacter sphaeroides are used for culture preparation, so that the pig manure wastewater in the anaerobic tank can be prepared into the ecological bacterial manure by using the same type of bacteria for compounding and using through one-step culture, the degradation efficiency of organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and toxic and harmful substances in the wastewater is obviously improved, and the method has the advantages of simple strain preparation and wastewater treatment process, low cost and the like; the prepared ecological bacterial fertilizer is rich in various nutrient elements and photosynthetic bacteria, can obviously improve the growth of plants, the metabolic activities of photosynthesis and the like, enhances the soil fertility, and effectively improves the yield and the quality of the plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment and plant planting, in particular to a method for preparing an ecological bacterial fertilizer by using photosynthetic bacteria by taking anaerobic treatment wastewater in a pig manure wastewater treatment process as a raw material.
Background
Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) have been receiving attention since the discovery by japanese scientist m.kobayashi, etc. in the 60 th century that it could purify water. Photosynthetic bacteria are widely distributed in oceans, rivers, lakes, and soil. Rhodobacter Sphaeroides is widely used for treating soybean processing wastewater, sugar mill wastewater, light industrial wastewater and livestock wastewater as the most widely used photosynthetic bacteria strain, and the removal rate of COD can reach 70-90%. Extracts of bacterial cells obtained by photosynthetic bacteria after wastewater treatment process, such as Single Cell Protein (SCP), biopolymer, antibacterial drug, carotene, pantothenic acid and other therapeutic compounds, can be used as additives in the fields of planting, medicine, cosmetics, food, etc. Therefore, the photosynthetic bacteria can be used for degrading sewage pollutants and realizing the purpose of recycling, and has wider application prospect in the current resource-deficient times.
With the progress of the scientific technology of novel agriculture and ecotype agriculture, ecotype fertilization becomes the mainstream of agricultural industrial management, the soil condition can be improved by applying microbial fertilizer, the growth and development state of plants can be improved, the quality of agricultural products can be improved, and the effects of green fertilization, green production and green agriculture can be achieved. The microbial fertilizer has the characteristics of high input, high output and high ecology, and is an important development direction of agricultural fertilization in future.
The pure photosynthetic bacteria are used as ecological bacterial manure in the planting industry, can improve the germination rate and emergence rate of seeds, promote the growth of plants, increase the yield, improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops, enhance the storage stability of fruits, reduce the toxicity of pesticides to the crops and degrade residual pesticides in the crops. These effects are mainly attributed to the abundant metabolites of photosynthetic bacteria. After the photosynthetic bacteria are applied to the soil, the photosynthetic bacteria utilize nutrient elements of the soil and plants to carry out self-propagation, and metabolites of the photosynthetic bacteria contain abundant proteins and also contain multiple nutrient substances such as coenzyme Q, pantothenic acid and the like, so that the metabolites can provide abundant nutrition for microorganisms in the soil and promote the propagation of other microorganisms, the microorganisms in the soil are greatly increased to rapidly fertilize the soil, and in addition, growth factors generated by the metabolism of the photosynthetic bacteria can improve the cell activity of crops and enhance the photosynthesis of the crops.
With the increase of population and the gradual improvement of living standard of people, the demand of human beings on food is larger and larger, the demand of livestock, poultry, meat and eggs is increased gradually, and in order to improve the yield of food, the use amount of chemical fertilizer is higher and higher, so that the pollution in the aspects of soil, atmosphere and water is caused, and the ecological system is damaged; the demand for livestock and poultry products promotes the intensive and industrial development of domestic livestock and poultry production, and the large-scale livestock and poultry cultivation supplies sufficient livestock and poultry products and simultaneously causes the generation of a large amount of livestock and poultry cultivation wastes, the abuse of chemical fertilizers and the discharge of a large amount of livestock and poultry wastewater, thereby becoming the main factors of environmental pollution. Reports of treating livestock and poultry wastewater by using photosynthetic bacteria or using the livestock and poultry wastewater as ecological bacterial manure are frequent, but the livestock and poultry wastewater treated by the photosynthetic bacteria still contains N, P, K and other elements required by plants, and the quality of the photosynthetic bacteria is increased in the process of treating the wastewater, for example, the livestock and poultry wastewater treated by the photosynthetic bacteria can be used as the ecological bacterial manure, so that the using amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be reduced, the pollution problem of the livestock and poultry wastewater can be fundamentally solved through resource recycling, and the method achieves two purposes at one stroke, and is an important way for realizing the basic goal of 'controlling two and reducing three by one stroke' of Ministry of agriculture.
The livestock and poultry breeding sewage is rich in organic matters and ammonia nitrogen, contains various heavy metal ions and the like, and is easy to generate adverse effects on plant growth when directly used as a fertilizer. In the prior art, the ecological bacterial manure prepared by utilizing the livestock and poultry breeding sewage is mostly prepared by the combined action of a complex microorganism system consisting of various anaerobic microorganisms such as nitrobacteria, various aerobic microorganisms such as bacillus, fungi and the like or by multi-stage fermentation treatment, the strain culture process and the wastewater treatment process are complex, the cost is high, and the promotion effect of the strain and the nutrient composition of the prepared ecological bacterial manure on the growth and the quality of plants is very limited, so that the ecological bacterial manure is not suitable for large-scale application. Therefore, there is a need for developing a method for preparing an ecological bacterial fertilizer, which uses high-concentration livestock and poultry manure sewage as a raw material, has a simple treatment process, and has excellent fertilizer efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing an ecological bacterial fertilizer by using photosynthetic bacteria by taking anaerobic treatment wastewater in a pig manure wastewater treatment process as a raw material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: on the basis of analyzing and researching the properties, functions and metabolite components of a large amount of photosynthetic bacteria, the invention determines the photosynthetic bacteria strain combination suitable for treating the pig manure wastewater treated by the anaerobic tank through a large amount of screening comparison. The pig manure wastewater treated by the anaerobic tank is treated by utilizing the cooperation of 3 photosynthetic bacteria including Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rhodobacter capsulatus) and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rhodobacter sphaeroides), so that the photosynthetic bacteria ecological bacterial fertilizer which can efficiently promote the growth and the yield of plants and improve the nutritional quality of the plants can be prepared by one-time culture of single bacteria.
Specifically, the invention provides a method for preparing ecological bacterial manure by utilizing pig manure wastewater subjected to anaerobic treatment, which is prepared by taking pig manure wastewater as a raw material, inoculating photosynthetic bacteria and culturing; the pig manure wastewater is derived from the pig manure wastewater discharged from an anaerobic tank of an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system of the pig manure wastewater; the photosynthetic bacteria include Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rhodobacter capsulatus), and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rhodobacter sphaeroides).
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the rhodopseudomonas palustris is a strain with the strain preservation number of CGMCC No.1.8929, the rhodobacter capsulatus is a strain with the strain preservation number of CGMCC No.1.3366, and the rhodobacter sphaeroides is a strain with the strain preservation number of CGMCC No. 1.5028.
In order to better match with the wastewater treatment functions of rhodopseudomonas palustris, rhodobacter capsulatus and rhodobacter sphaeroides and enable the nutrient composition of the ecological bacterial manure to be more suitable for the plant growth requirement, the COD concentration of the pig manure wastewater discharged from the anaerobic tank is 1 multiplied by 103～2×103mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 700-1000 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration is 20-40 mg/L.
Preferably, the COD concentration of the pig manure wastewater discharged from the anaerobic tank is 1.5 multiplied by 103～1.8×103mg/L, and the total nitrogen concentration is 700-800 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration is 25-35 mg/L.
In the inoculated photosynthetic bacteria, the mass ratio of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rhodobacter capsulatus) and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rhodobacter sphaeroides) is 1 (1-3) to (1-3). The inoculation is carried out in a matching way according to the mass ratio, so that all strains can be better matched in the culture process, the inhibition effect among the strains is reduced to the maximum extent, the synergistic promotion effect of the growth and metabolism and the synergistic cooperation effect of metabolites are exerted to the maximum extent, and then organic matters and toxic and harmful substances in the pig manure wastewater are more efficiently treated.
The mass ratio of the inoculated Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rhodobacter capsulatus) and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rhodobacter sphaeroides) is preferably 1 (1-1.3) to 1-1.7.
Preferably, the inoculation amount of the photosynthetic bacteria is 0.2 g/L-0.5 g/L. By adopting the inoculation amount, the photosynthetic bacteria can enter the growth period more quickly, the culture period is shortened, and the culture activity of the strains is kept.
In the present invention, the seed solution of photosynthetic bacteria can be obtained by conventional technical means in the art. Further preferably, the photosynthetic bacteria are inoculated in a logarithmic growth phase.
Through multiple culture experiments and crop application practice verification, the invention discovers that when the total nitrogen concentration in the culture solution is 200-300 mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 20-40 mg/L and the photosynthetic bacteria concentration is 0.5-1 g/L, the composition and content of major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, calcium, iron, copper, zinc and the like can better promote the growth and quality of plants.
Preferably, the culture is finished until the COD content of the culture solution is 400-700 mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 200-300 mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 20-40 mg/L and the concentration of the photosynthetic bacteria is 0.5-1 g/L.
Further preferably, the culture is finished until the COD content of the culture solution is 500-650 mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 200-250 mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 25-35 mg/L and the concentration of the photosynthetic bacteria is 0.80-0.97 g/L.
In the present invention, the concentration of the photosynthetic bacteria may be converted by preparing a standard dry weight-Optical Density (OD) curve of the photosynthetic bacteria based on the correlation between the dry weight of the bacteria in the logarithmic growth phase and the OD thereof. For example: the concentration of the photosynthetic bacteria is 0.80-0.97 g/L, which is equivalent to OD600Is 1.4-1.7.
The nutrient composition of the culture solution is verified to be better suitable for the growth and planting of vegetable crops, in particular to leaf vegetables such as lettuce and the like.
In order to better ensure the culture efficiency of the pig manure wastewater, preferably, the culture time is 1-4 days.
The culture solution obtained by the culture can be directly used as the ecological bacterial manure, and can also be added with auxiliary materials allowed in the fertilizer field to prepare the ecological bacterial manure.
The culture is carried out under the natural micro-aerobic condition, the temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the oxidation-reduction potential is-300-100 mV.
Preferably, the temperature of the culture is 26-28 ℃.
In order to promote the better growth and propagation of photosynthetic bacteria, the pH value of the pig manure wastewater is preferably adjusted to 6.7-7.0 before the photosynthetic bacteria are inoculated.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the method for preparing the ecological bacterial fertilizer by utilizing the pig manure wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining the raw materials of the pig manure wastewater: the pig manure wastewater comes from the effluent of the anaerobic tank of the anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system, and the COD concentration of the effluent is 1.49 multiplied by 103～1.63×103mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 720-759 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration is 25-35 mg/L; centrifuging the pig manure wastewater to obtain supernatant, and adjusting the pH to 6.7-7.0;
(2) preparation and inoculation of photosynthetic bacteria seed liquid: culturing rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929, rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 and rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 in a seed culture medium to logarithmic growth phase to obtain a seed solution; inoculating the seed solution into the pig manure wastewater, wherein the inoculation amount is 0.2-0.5 g/L of photosynthetic bacteria concentration, and the mass ratio of rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929, rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 and rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 is 1 (1-1.3) to 1-1.7;
(2) culturing: culturing for 1-4 days at 26-28 ℃ and ORP of-300-100 mV under natural micro-aerobic condition until the total nitrogen concentration of the culture solution is 210-240 mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 25-35 mg/L and the concentration of photosynthetic bacteria is 0.80-0.97 g/L, and finishing culturing; the obtained culture solution is the ecological bacterial manure.
Further, the invention provides the ecological bacterial fertilizer prepared by the method for preparing the ecological bacterial fertilizer by utilizing the pig manure wastewater.
Preferably, in the ecological bacterial manure, the total nitrogen concentration is 200-300 mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 20-40 mg/L, and the photosynthetic bacteria concentration is 0.5-1 g/L.
Further preferably, in the ecological bacterial manure, the total nitrogen concentration is 210-240 mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 25-35 mg/L, and the photosynthetic bacteria concentration is 0.80-0.97 g/L.
On the basis, the invention also provides application of the ecological bacterial fertilizer in promoting plant growth, improving plant yield or improving plant quality.
Preferably, the application is that the ecological bacterial manure is applied by root application.
Preferably, the plant is a vegetable. More preferably leaf vegetables. More preferably lettuce.
As an embodiment of the invention, when the plant is lettuce, the application is topdressing by using the ecological bacterial fertilizer of the invention every 10-15 days by adopting a root application method after the lettuce is planted and seedlings are delayed.
Specifically, 4-6L of the ecological bacterial fertilizer is applied to each square meter of lettuce planting land.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for treating the pig manure wastewater by using the photosynthetic bacteria realizes that the pig manure wastewater in the anaerobic pool which is rich in organic matters and ammonia nitrogen can be prepared into the ecological bacterial manure by using the same kind of bacteria in a compounding way and carrying out primary culture, effectively avoids the mutual interference and antagonism existing in a complex microorganism system in the culture process, exerts the synergistic cooperation effect of the similar microorganisms to the maximum extent, obviously improves the degradation efficiency of the organic matters, the ammonia nitrogen and toxic and harmful substances in the wastewater treatment, and has the advantages of simple strain preparation and wastewater treatment process, easy operation, low equipment requirement, low cost and the like; the prepared ecological bacterial fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements which are suitable for plant growth, and various nutrient elements such as amino acid, vitamin, mineral substance and the like and photosynthetic bacteria, the nutrient elements which are reasonably and comprehensively proportioned and growth factors generated by metabolism of the photosynthetic bacteria can obviously improve the growth of the plants, the metabolic activities such as photosynthesis and the like, can promote the growth and the propagation of soil microorganisms, enhance the soil fertility, and obviously improve the yield and the nutritional quality (the content of soluble protein, the content of soluble sugar, the content of vitamin C and the like) of the plants.
The method for preparing the ecological bacterial manure by treating the pig manure wastewater in the anaerobic tank by using the photosynthetic bacteria provides a new thought and a scientific basis for recycling treatment, changing waste into valuable and application of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, provides an effective method for increasing yield, improving quality and reducing the use amount of chemical fertilizers of crops, and realizes comprehensive improvement of waste water recycling, environmental protection and economic benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a lettuce morphological index detection result of a potted lettuce test in embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the nutrient solution treatment represents a control group treated with the nutrient solution, and the anaerobic tank water PSB represents an experimental group treated with the ecological bacterial manure.
Fig. 2 is a partial photosynthetic index and quality index detection result of the potted lettuce test in example 1 of the present invention, in which the nutrient solution treatment represents the control group treated with the nutrient solution, and the anaerobic tank water PSB represents the experimental group treated with the ecological bacterial manure.
Fig. 3 is a result of detecting morphological index, partial photosynthetic index and quality index of lettuce treated with different dosages of ecological bacterial manure in the soil culture lettuce test in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of testing morphological index, partial photosynthetic index and quality index of lettuce in the soil culture lettuce test of example 3 of the present invention, wherein the culture solution a represents the treatment with ecological bacterial manure of the experimental group, the culture solution B represents the treatment with ecological bacterial manure of the control group 1, and the culture solution C represents the treatment with ecological bacterial manure of the control group 2.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified. The photosynthetic bacteria strains used in the following examples were purchased from the China general microbiological Collection center (address: institute of microbiology, China academy of sciences, No. 3, Xilu No.1, Beijing, Chaoyang, respectively).
Example 1 preparation and application of light and bacterial ecological bacterial manure
1. Preparation of light and bacterial ecological bacterial manure
The embodiment provides a method for preparing ecological bacterial manure by using photosynthetic bacteria by taking effluent of an anaerobic tank of a pig manure wastewater anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system as a raw material, which comprises the following specific steps:
the pig manure wastewater raw material adopted by the embodiment is the effluent of an anaerobic tank of an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system of pig manure wastewater, and the COD concentration of the effluent is 1.58 multiplied by 103mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 721 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration was 26.3 mg/L.
(1) Obtaining the raw materials of the pig manure wastewater: centrifuging the pig manure wastewater raw material, taking supernatant, and adjusting the pH to 7.0;
(2) preparation and inoculation of photosynthetic bacteria seed liquid: culturing Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929, rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 and rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 in a seed culture medium until the logarithmic phase to obtain a seed solution (the thallus concentration is 0.90 g/L); inoculating the seed solution into the pig manure wastewater raw material, wherein the inoculation amount is that the concentration of photosynthetic bacteria is 0.35g/L, the concentration of rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929 is 0.1g/L, the concentration of rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 is 0.12g/L, and the concentration of rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 is 0.13 g/L;
(2) culturing and preparing ecological bacterial manure: culturing at 28 deg.C and ORP of-300-100 mV for 3 days under natural micro-aerobic condition, and measuring COD concentration of 597mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration of 69.7mg/L, Total Nitrogen (TN) concentration of 220.4mg/L, Total Phosphorus (TP) concentration of 33.9mg/L, photosynthetic bacteria concentration of 0.86g/L (OD)6601.51), and finishing the culture to obtain a culture solution, namely the ecological bacterial manure (liquid manure).
2. Application of photosynthetic bacteria ecological bacterial fertilizer
The prepared ecological bacterial fertilizer is applied to lettuce, and the effect of the ecological bacterial fertilizer on the growth and the quality of the lettuce is detected.
(1) Experimental materials:
and (3) test seedling: lettuce seedlings of red rock lettuce variety 25 days old are purchased from Zhongnong Futongzhou scientific and technological garden.
Test base fertilizer: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium chloride.
And (3) a nutrient solution for test: the formula consists of major elements and trace elements, wherein the major elements adopt 1/2 Hoagland mirabilite formula (table 1), and the trace elements adopt general formula shown in table 2.
TABLE 11/2 Hoagland Total nitrate formulation
TABLE 2 general microelement formulas
(2) The experimental method comprises the following steps:
lettuce seedlings are placed in a greenhouse in a pot culture mode, the specification of the pot is 55 x 22 x 18(cm), the pot is 0.121 square meters, and the matrix proportion of each pot is turf: perlite: vermiculite 2:1:1, before planting, the matrix is watered thoroughly, the matrix is kneaded into lumps by hand, the standard is that the matrix can fall and disperse, the test design of the single-factor random block is shown in table 3, and each treatment is repeated for 5 times.
4.62g of urea, 1.54g of monopotassium phosphate and 2.38g of potassium chloride are evenly mixed in each pot to serve as base fertilizers. The top dressing is respectively set with different treatments: nutrient solution treatment control group: applying a nutrient solution as an additional fertilizer; ② an ecological bacterial manure experimental group: applying the ecological bacterial fertilizer prepared in the step 1 as an additional fertilizer; in the experiment, the raw material of the pig manure wastewater for preparing the ecological bacterial manure is applied to the lettuce as a control group, but the lettuce of the raw material group of the pig manure wastewater cannot grow normally, so the control group is abandoned. The first step and the second step are that the group is watered until the water holding capacity of the soil is 75 percent, 5 lettuce seedlings with basically consistent growth vigor are transplanted in each pot, and the positions of the pots are watered, loosened and sequentially alternated in the growth period; installing a common LED lamp bar to supplement light to the lettuce, and controlling the light intensity to be 250 mu mol/m2About/s is suitable for the growth of lettuce; all design groups irrigate in an operation mode every 10 days, the irrigation quantity of each treatment group is ensured to be about 500ml per pot, and daily care is carried out by using clear water in the rest time.
TABLE 3 Experimental design table for potted lettuce
The ecological bacterial manure prepared in the embodiment is used in the whole stage after the lettuce transplantation, the experimental result is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the plant height, the leaf number, the leaf area, the dry weight of the overground part and the fresh weight of the overground part of the lettuce in the experimental group are respectively increased by 11.28%, 16.67%, 7.62%, 4.64% and 8.14% in the aspect of morphological index (fig. 1); in terms of partial photosynthetic index and quality index (fig. 2), the chlorophyll total amount of lettuce in the experimental group is 1.15 times of that of lettuce in the control group, and the soluble protein content, the soluble sugar content and the vitamin C content are respectively increased by 15.14%, 27.34% and 8.74% compared with those of the control group. The result shows that the ecological bacterial fertilizer prepared by the embodiment can effectively improve the yield and the quality index of lettuce and realize the recycling of pig manure wastewater.
Example 2 preparation of ecological bacterial manure and Effect of application amount of different ecological bacterial manure on lettuce growth and quality
1. The embodiment provides a method for preparing ecological bacterial manure by using photosynthetic bacteria by taking effluent of an anaerobic tank of a pig manure wastewater anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system as a raw material, which comprises the following specific steps:
the pig manure wastewater raw material adopted by the embodiment is the effluent of an anaerobic tank of an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system of pig manure wastewater, and the COD concentration of the effluent is 1.50 multiplied by 103mg/L, and the total nitrogen concentration is 744 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration was 31.8 mg/L.
(1) Obtaining the raw materials of the pig manure wastewater: centrifuging the pig manure wastewater raw material, taking supernatant, and adjusting the pH to 6.8;
(2) preparation and inoculation of photosynthetic bacteria seed liquid: culturing Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929, rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 and rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 in a seed culture medium until the logarithmic phase to obtain a seed solution (the thallus concentration is 0.90 g/L); inoculating the seed solution into the pig manure wastewater raw material, wherein the inoculation amount is that the concentration of photosynthetic bacteria is 0.35g/L, the concentration of rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929 is 0.11g/L, the concentration of rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 is 0.12g/L, and the concentration of rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 is 0.12 g/L;
(2) culturing and preparing ecological bacterial manure: in and outUnder the condition of micro-oxygen, the ORP is-300-100 mV at 27 ℃, the culture is carried out for 3 days, and the measured COD concentration is 509mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 67.1mg/L, the TN concentration is 212.4mg/L, the TP concentration is 31.7mg/L, and the photosynthetic bacteria concentration is 0.82g/L (OD)6601.44), and the obtained culture solution is the ecological bacterial manure (liquid manure).
2. Application of photosynthetic bacteria ecological bacterial fertilizer
(1) Experimental materials: the test seedlings and the test base fertilizers were the same as in example 1.
(2) The experimental method comprises the following steps:
lettuce seedlings are cultivated in sunlight greenhouse soil, each seedling is treated to be 1 square meter, and 38.18g of urea, 12.73g of monopotassium phosphate and 19.67g of potassium chloride are added as base fertilizers. The top dressing was set up with different treatment groups (as shown in table 4): an ecological bacterial manure experimental group 1: the ecological bacterial fertilizer prepared in the embodiment is applied as an additional fertilizer, and the application amount is 3L/m2(ii) a ② an ecological bacterial manure experimental group 2: the ecological bacterial fertilizer prepared in the embodiment is applied as an additional fertilizer, and the application amount is 5L/m2(ii) a ③ ecological bacterial manure experimental group 3: the ecological bacterial fertilizer prepared in the embodiment is applied as an additional fertilizer, and the application amount is 8L/m2. Watering the soil for each treatment until the water capacity is 75 percent of the water capacity of the soil, watering all treatment groups according to the operation mode every 10 days, and performing daily care with clear water for the rest time.
TABLE 4 Experimental design table for soil culture of lettuce
The ecological bacterial manure is used in the whole stage after lettuce transplantation, the experimental result is shown in figure 3, and the application amount is 5L/m2The application amount of lettuce in terms of leaf area, fresh weight of aerial parts, total chlorophyll, vitamin C content, and total acid content is 3L/m2Increased by 8.77%, 9.21%, 10.34%, 23.03% and 32.56%; the application amount is 8L/m2The lettuce is applied at a ratio of 5L/m in terms of leaf area, fresh weight of aerial parts, total chlorophyll content, vitamin C content, and total acid content2Increased by 1.13%, 0.84%, 1.56%, 0.91%, 5.26%; description of the invention3L/m2The application amount of the fertilizer is not enough to improve the yield and the quality of the lettuce, 8L/m2The application amount of lettuce is 5L/m2The indexes are improved, but the amplification effect is not obvious, partial nutrition possibly remains in the soil and is not absorbed and utilized by the lettuce, waste is generated, and 5L/m is adopted2The application amount of the fertilizer can realize better growth promotion and quality improvement of the lettuce.
Example 3 preparation of ecological bacterial manure Using different photosynthetic bacteria
1. The embodiment provides a method for preparing ecological bacterial manure by using photosynthetic bacteria by taking the effluent of an anaerobic tank of a pig manure wastewater anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system as a raw material, and is different from the embodiment 1 in that different photosynthetic bacteria combinations are adopted.
The pig manure wastewater raw material adopted by the embodiment is the effluent of an anaerobic tank of an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system of pig manure wastewater, and the COD concentration of the effluent is 1.61 multiplied by 103mg/L, and the total nitrogen concentration is 754 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration was 33.2 mg/L.
(1) Obtaining the raw materials of the pig manure wastewater: centrifuging the pig manure wastewater raw material, taking supernatant, and adjusting the pH to 6.8;
(2) preparation and inoculation of photosynthetic bacteria seed liquid: respectively culturing rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929, rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 and rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 in a seed culture medium until the logarithmic phase to obtain seed solutions (the concentration of the bacteria is 0.90 g/L); inoculating the seed liquid into the pig manure wastewater raw material.
Respectively setting treatment groups of different photosynthetic bacteria combinations, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria inoculated in each group are as follows:
experimental groups: the concentration of the rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929 is 0.10g/L, the concentration of the rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 is 0.11g/L, and the concentration of the rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 is 0.14 g/L; control group 1: the concentration of the rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929 is 0.15g/L, and the concentration of the rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 is 0.20 g/L; control group 2: the concentration of the rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 is 0.14g/L, and the concentration of the rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028 is 0.21 g/L;
(3) culturing and preparing ecological bacterial manure: culturing for 4 days at 26 ℃ and ORP of-300-100 mV under natural micro-aerobic condition, and measuring the COD concentrations of the experimental group, the control group 1 and the control group 2 to be 638mg/L, 915mg/L and 804mg/L respectively; the TN concentration is 229.8mg/L, 256.0mg/L, 247.6mg/L respectively; TP concentration is 28.6mg/L, 23.9mg/L, 35.2 mg/L; the photosynthetic bacteria concentration is 0.92g/L, 1.01g/L and 0.93g/L respectively, the culture solution obtained by each group is different ecological bacterial manure, wherein the culture solution obtained by the experimental group is marked as culture solution A, the culture solution obtained by the control group 1 is marked as culture solution B, and the culture solution obtained by the control group 2 is marked as culture solution C.
2. Application of ecological bacterial fertilizer
(1) Experimental materials: in this example, the seedling and base fertilizer to be tested were the same as those in example 1.
(2) The experimental method comprises the following steps:
lettuce seedlings are cultivated in sunlight greenhouse soil, each seedling is treated to be 1 square meter, fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, and 38.18g of urea, 12.73g of monopotassium phosphate and 19.67g of potassium chloride are evenly mixed. The top dressing is ecological bacterial manure prepared by applying different experimental groups and control groups in the step 1. Watering each treatment group to 75% of the water capacity of the soil, and watering all the treatment groups according to the operation mode every 10 days, wherein the application rate is 6L/m2And taking daily care with clear water in the rest time.
TABLE 5 Experimental design table for soil-culture lettuce
The lettuce in the treatment group 1 applied with the ecological bacterial manure of the experimental group is higher than the lettuce in the treatment groups applied with the ecological bacterial manure of the control group 1 and the control group 2 in plant height, soluble protein content, chlorophyll total amount and vitamin C content as shown in an experimental result in the whole stage after the lettuce is transplanted; therefore, the ecological bacterial manure prepared by the combined culture of different photosynthetic bacteria has different nutrient elements and microorganism compositions, so that the fertilizer efficiency of the ecological bacterial manure is different, and when 3 photosynthetic bacteria, namely rhodopseudomonas palustris CGMCC No.1.8929, rhodobacter capsulatus CGMCC No.1.3366 and rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC No.1.5028, are compounded and used, the prepared ecological bacterial manure has the highest fertilizer efficiency and the best promotion effect on the growth and development of lettuce and the nutritional quality.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing ecological bacterial manure by utilizing pig manure wastewater subjected to anaerobic treatment is characterized in that the ecological bacterial manure is prepared by taking the pig manure wastewater as a raw material, inoculating photosynthetic bacteria and culturing; the pig manure wastewater is derived from the pig manure wastewater discharged from an anaerobic tank of an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic three-stage wastewater treatment system of the pig manure wastewater; the photosynthetic bacteria include Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rhodobacter capsulatus), and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rhodobacter sphaeroides).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the COD concentration of the effluent pig manure wastewater of the anaerobic tank is 1 x 103～2×103mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 700-1000 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration is 20-40 mg/L;
preferably, the COD concentration of the pig manure wastewater discharged from the anaerobic tank is 1.4 multiplied by 103～1.8×103mg/L, and the total nitrogen concentration is 700-800 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration is 25-35 mg/L.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inoculated photosynthetic bacteria have a mass ratio of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rhodobacter capsulatus) and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rhodobacter sphaeroides) of 1 (1-3) to (1-3); preferably 1 (1-1.3) to 1-1.7.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria are inoculated in an amount such that the concentration of photosynthetic bacteria is 0.2g/L to 0.5 g/L.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the culturing is carried out until the COD concentration of the culture solution is 400 to 700mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 200 to 300mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 20 to 40mg/L, and the concentration of the photosynthetic bacteria is 0.5 to 1 g/L;
preferably, the culture is finished until the COD concentration of the culture solution is 500-650 mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 200-250 mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration is 25-35 mg/L and the concentration of the photosynthetic bacteria is 0.80-0.97 g/L;
the culture solution can be directly used as ecological bacterial manure or added with auxiliary materials allowed in the fertilizer field to prepare the ecological bacterial manure.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the culturing is carried out for 1 to 4 days.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the culturing is carried out under natural micro-aerobic conditions at a temperature of 25 to 30 ℃ and an oxidation-reduction potential of-300 to 100 mV;
preferably, the temperature is 26-28 ℃.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pH of the pig manure wastewater is adjusted to 6.7 to 7.0 before the inoculation of the photosynthetic bacteria.
9. The ecological bacterial fertilizer prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of the ecological bacterial fertilizer of claim 9 for promoting plant growth, increasing plant yield, or increasing plant quality;
preferably, the application is that the ecological bacterial manure is applied by root application.
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