CN1120892C - Normalizing liquid and method for cooling cast iron parts - Google Patents
Normalizing liquid and method for cooling cast iron parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN1120892C CN1120892C CN 01106955 CN01106955A CN1120892C CN 1120892 C CN1120892 C CN 1120892C CN 01106955 CN01106955 CN 01106955 CN 01106955 A CN01106955 A CN 01106955A CN 1120892 C CN1120892 C CN 1120892C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to normalizing liquid for cooling a cast iron part and a normalizing cooling method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of the heat treatment of cast iron. The present invention is characterized in that the normalizing liquid contains oxygen alkyl, olefin polymerization modified matter, and the water solution of a compound. A cast iron part is put into the normalizing liquid to be cooled, or is cooled by the combination of air cooling, wind cooling, spray cooling, water cooling and oil cooling. The normalizing cooling of cast iron is rapid and uniform. The content, the distribution and the form of pearlites and proeutectoid ferrites are arbitrarily controlled by the according to technical condition requirements. The amount of normalizing pearlites can be greatly enhanced. Normalizing structures are dispersed, homogenized and refined, and normalizing deformation is eliminated. The normalizing method reaches quenching and tempering effects, and reaches a normalizing purpose. Production working procedures are simplified, energy is saved, and normalizing quality is enhanced. The present invention has obvious economic benefit.
Description
The invention belongs to the heat treatment technics field of cast iron.
Cast Iron Production is for obtaining perlite, generally use air cooling, air-cooled, spray cooling normalizing, its speed of cooling is slow, cooling uniformity is poor, it is many unfavorable to bring: 1. the perlite colony is thick, and pitch of fins thickness is inhomogeneous, and multiform becomes thick lamellar pearlite, common lamellar pearlite and fine pearlite tissue, restive pearlitic content, form and distribution are unfavorable for the further raising of intensity, toughness, wear resistance and fatigue resistance; 2. either pearlite occurred instability, content is on the low side, is difficult to control effectively form, distribution and the quantity of proeutectoid ferrite, forms ferrite pockety, is unfavorable for the requirement of product technology condition to tissue; 3. large cross section casting and complex-shaped foundry goods interior tissue are inhomogeneous, the inaccessible technical qualification requirement of heavy wall place core structure; 4. inhomogeneous cooling is even, and the complex-shaped and shaft-like part of major axis deforms when air-cooled, spray cooling; 5. the cooling in heap of large cross section casting and large-tonnage product easily forms eutectoid graphite at Austria's body crystal boundary, causes intensity, plasticity and flexible reduction etc.Air-cooled and spray cooling increases either pearlite occurred to the refinement normalized structure, plays active effect though improve the normalizing quality, does not cause satisfactorily resolving of problem, and brings that inhomogeneous cooling is even, distortion, increases problems such as facility investment.So that Mo, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn etc. are element alloyed active effect also arranged, still thorough inadequately, also bring new problem, as increasing the content of indissoluble carbide, influence plasticity, toughness and machinability, the cost of raising foundry goods.Because perlite foundry goods Application Areas is extensive, to cast the requirement that Dai Gang reduces cost, and the raising of engineering goods performance and quality, to the obdurability of pearlitic cast iron, wear resistance, fatigue resistance etc. propose to upgrade, higher requirement, high quality, market competition presses for the foundryman's fever treatment industry and satisfactorily resolves the problems referred to above cheaply.The material supply section scholar studies have shown that: a perlite pitch of fins is more tiny, and more evenly, intensity, plasticity and toughness, wear resistance, fatigue resistance are synchronous rising.Ideal pearlitic cast iron tissue is that cemetite lamellae is apart from uniform nodular troostite, this nodular troostite is meant fine pearlite or sorbite or troostite, or contain the proeutectoid ferrite of chunky shape discrete distribution, this tissue has best comprehensive mechanical performance, obtains above-mentioned pearlitic normalizing method and is called " desirable normalizing ".Existing cast iron heat-treatment technology method has only isothermal quenching and modifier treatment can reach this requirement, its energy consumption height, and the cycle is long, and technology is loaded down with trivial details, seldom uses in the production.Chinese patent 87107076 discloses a kind of magnesium iron casting hot water bath normalizing process, its main points are in the hot state water-cooled of casting, air cooling classification normalizing, obtain pearlitic structure, because of it still will face the problem of three aspects: 1. the foundry goods of miscellaneous goods and complex-shaped inhomogeneity of wall thickness is difficult to adapt to; 2. proeutectoid ferrite is separated out and is suppressed, and full pearlitic structure is easy to get; 3. water-cooled is too fast, operates difficultly, causes distortion, cracking, machining difficulty etc. sometimes.These effects limit the generally popularization of this technology.Chinese patent 92101664 discloses a kind of quenching medium, claims to replace modifier treatment, and is faster than quenching machine oil because of its speed of cooling more than 500 ℃, is unsuitable for the normalizing of cast iron.Therefore, how in actual production, adopt easy, economical, efficient, reliably and approach the normalizing liquid and the method thereof of desirable normalizing effect, obtain nodular troostite, simultaneously can be according to the requirement of product technology condition, form, content and distribution and degree of refinement to nodular troostite and proeutectoid ferrite are made effective technology controlling and process, become the target that foundryman's fever work of treatment person pursues.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ironcasting cooling normalizing liquid and cooling normalizing method thereof, replace air dielectric, improve normalizing speed of cooling and refrigerative homogeneity, overcome the deficiency of air dielectric normalizing, reach the tissue and the performance level of modifier treatment, add high tempering, make pearlitic structure more even, mechanical property is more superior, obtains to approach the effect of " desirable normalizing ".
The objective of the invention is to realize: ironcasting cooling normalizing liquid by following approach, it is characterized in that it is to contain aerobic alkane, olefin-modified polymeric material and mixture by the arbitrary proportion proportioning, and add weight percent concentration less than 0.5% the sanitas and the aqueous solution of rust-preventive agent, the weight percent concentration of this aqueous solution is 0.1%-49%.Oxygen alkane is oxyethane or propylene oxide, and alkene is ethene or propylene or butylene, and sanitas is Sodium Benzoate or sodium tetraborate, and rust-preventive agent is Sodium Nitrite.The cooling normalizing method of ironcasting cooling normalizing liquid is characterized in that ironcasting is put into normalizing liquid to be cooled off, 0 ℃-100 ℃ of its use temperature scopes, and cooling time was from 1 second-2 hours; Or combine and carry out the classification normalizing with air cooling, air-cooled, cold, the water-cooled of spraying, oil cooling.
The present invention cools off the colourless nontoxic cleaning of normalizing liquid, and cooling characteristic is stable, long perfomance life.Normalizing liquid is used for the cast iron normalizing, replaces air cooling, air-cooled, spray cooling, is suitable for austenite heating normalizing, the hot normalizing of casting and the normalizing of annealing waste heat.Make the cast iron cooling faster, more even, the control perlite, the content of proeutectoid ferrite, distribution and form, acquisition nodular troostite tissue, also can obtain nodular troostite and the proeutectoid ferrite complex tissue that is evenly distributed, make normalized structure disperse, even, refinement, reduce or eliminate the normalizing distortion, improve the normalizing quality, improve comprehensive mechanical performance.Method with normalizing reaches modified tissue and performance, obtains and approaches ideal normalizing effect.
The present invention can be used for the austenitizing heating normalizing of cast iron and a part of steel grade, can be used for the normalizing of cast iron annealing waste heat, when it is used for the normalizing of malleable cast iron annealing waste heat, can obtain the pearlite iron of high strength, high tenacity, and energy efficiency is remarkable.Be used for the normalizing of iron casting waste heat, energy-saving effect is remarkable.The present invention can with air cooling, air-cooled, the spraying cold combining carry out the classification normalizing, can also combine with water-cooled, oil cooling and carry out the classification normalizing.During normalizing, high temperature normalizing forms nodular troostite and a small amount of proeutectoid ferrite complex tissue to spheroidal graphite cast iron in normalizing liquid, and either pearlite occurred＞85% reaches as high as more than 95%.The ductile iron crankshaft product of diameter of section 120mm, heart portion either pearlite occurred surpasses 85%, and top layer, nearly top layer either pearlite occurred can reach 95%.In, cryogenic normalizing, the nodular troostite amount reduces, the proeutectoid ferrite scale of construction increases.Mechanical property levels is HB170-385
500MN/m
2-1000MN/m
2 
1-8%.When malleable iron cooled off in normalizing liquid, high temperature normalizing formed nodular troostite.In, cryogenic normalizing forms nodular troostite and proeutectoid ferrite complex tissue.Mechanical property levels is: HB150-389
430MN/m
2-850MN/m
2,
1-8%.After the normalizing of high-power diesel engine malleable iron piston annealing waste heat normalizing liquid, through high tempering, its HB257,
782MN/m
2 When 3.4% vermicular cast iron and graphitic cast iron cooled off in normalizing liquid, matrix was identical with magnesium iron, and mechanical property all can meet or exceed the level of air dielectric normalizing.When the cast iron of adding alloying element cools off in normalizing liquid, will make alloy, and improve the effect of either pearlite occurred and brought into play more fully crystal grain thinning, refine pearlite.Adjust normalizing temperature, the method that changes normalizing liquid concentration and use the classification normalizing, can adjust the form of nodular troostite and proeutectoid ferrite by the requirement of technical qualification, content and distribution and perlite degree of refinement, use this normalizing liquid, magnesium iron, the iron of wriggling, gray iron need not alloying can obtain meticulous normalized structure, normalizing liquid is used for magnesium iron, the iron of wriggling, the annealing waste heat normalizing of the afterheat in casting of gray iron and malleable iron or classification normalizing, be high-performance, the production of high quality pearlite castings provides a kind of brand-new, obvious energy conservation, simple and easy to do, reliable processing method.The cooling power of normalizing liquid is between empty G﹠O, and the normalizing cooling property is highly stable, reduces concentration cooling rate is improved, and but properties influence is very little to cooling off in the solution temperature variation, can be 0 ℃ of-100 ℃ of use, and the process of cooling of foundry goods in normalizing liquid is very steady.Solution is not corrupt, and long service life is added the significant prolongation in work-ing life that new liquid can make normalizing liquid.
Illustrate:
1) pearlite iron
Example 1 technology: annealed state → 900 ℃ * 30 minutes → normalizing liquid cooling
Thoroughly
Tissue: sorbite+troostite
Performance: HB312
790MN/m
2 
1.5%.
Example 2 technologies: annealed state → 850 ℃ * 30 minutes → normalizing liquid cooling is saturating
→ 630 ℃ * 2 hours tempering → water-cooleds
Tissue: sorbite
Performance: HB257
786MN/m
2 4.6%.
Example 3 technologies: as cast condition spoken parts in traditional operas → pyrographite is annealed → 920 ℃
The normalizing liquid cooling is saturating → 630 ℃ * 2 hours tempering → water-cooleds
Tissue: sorbite
Performance: HB287
781MN/m
2 
2.8%.
2) pearlite ductile iron
Example 4 technologies: as cast condition bent axle → 930 ℃ * 45 minutes normalizing liquid
Cold (bent axle maximum diameter 120mm)
Tissue: nodular troostite+a small amount of buphthalmos columnar ferrite (either pearlite occurred 〉=95%)
Performance: HB277
777MN/m
2 3.5%.
Example 5 technologies: as cast condition → 930 ℃ * 45 minutes → normalizing liquid cooling but → 550 ℃ * 1.5 hours tempering → water-cooleds
Tissue: nodular troostite+a small amount of buphthalmos shape or chunky shape ferrite (either pearlite occurred 〉=95%)
Performance: HB254
855MN/m
2 
3.0%.
Claims (2)
1. an ironcasting cools off normalizing liquid, it is characterized in that it is to contain oxyethane or propylene oxide, ethene or propylene or butylene modified poly material and mixture by the arbitrary proportion proportioning, and add weight percent concentration less than 0.5% the preservative sodium benzoate or the aqueous solution of sodium tetraborate and rust-preventive agent Sodium Nitrite, the weight percent concentration of this aqueous solution is 0.1%-49%.
2. the cooling normalizing method of ironcasting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the ironcasting that will be heated to austenitizing is put into the described normalizing liquid of claim 1 and is cooled off, and its use temperature scope is 0 ℃-100 ℃, and cooling time was from 1 second-2 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01106955 CN1120892C (en) | 2001-03-20 | 2001-03-20 | Normalizing liquid and method for cooling cast iron parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01106955 CN1120892C (en) | 2001-03-20 | 2001-03-20 | Normalizing liquid and method for cooling cast iron parts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1316529A CN1316529A (en) | 2001-10-10 |
| CN1120892C true CN1120892C (en) | 2003-09-10 |
Family
ID=4655911
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01106955 Expired - Lifetime CN1120892C (en) | 2001-03-20 | 2001-03-20 | Normalizing liquid and method for cooling cast iron parts |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1120892C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104017972A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-09-03 | 安徽旭鸿热处理有限公司 | Heat treatment process for GCr15 piston |
| CN106011403B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-06-22 | 南京科润工业介质股份有限公司 | A kind of steel-casting normalizing liquid and steel-casting normalizing cooling technique |
| CN108441620B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-11-12 | 常熟市龙腾滚动体制造有限公司 | A kind of cooling control method for bearing steel ball |
-
2001
- 2001-03-20 CN CN 01106955 patent/CN1120892C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1316529A (en) | 2001-10-10 |
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Granted publication date: 20030910 |