CN112081552B - Shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device and method under shearing load - Google Patents
Shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device and method under shearing load Download PDFInfo
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- CN112081552B CN112081552B CN202010997904.1A CN202010997904A CN112081552B CN 112081552 B CN112081552 B CN 112081552B CN 202010997904 A CN202010997904 A CN 202010997904A CN 112081552 B CN112081552 B CN 112081552B
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device and method under shear load, the device of the invention fills cement between a casing and a hose to form a cement sheath, axial load hydraulic power systems on two sides of the cement sheath can apply axial load to the cement sheath, and a first radial load hydraulic power system and a second radial load hydraulic power system on the upper side and the lower side of the cement sheath can apply radial load to the cement sheath, thereby realizing controllable casing deformation in a complex fracturing process, ensuring the integrity of a shaft, providing technical support for a crushing test under the shear load of the shale gas well cement sheath, and filling the blank of the existing device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum pipe physical test detection technology and equipment, and particularly relates to a shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device and method under a shearing load.
Background
By 2019, the deformation rate of shale gas wells in oil and gas fields in southwest of China is close to 50%, and various practices and researches show that deformation failure of a large number of casings is caused by relative dislocation of shale reservoirs due to high-parameter hydraulic fracturing, so that a cement sheath-casing system deforms under the shearing action, bridge plugs, perforation snatching and the like cannot enter the system, and capacity construction of medium petroleum group companies is seriously influenced. At present, the traditional casing deformation prevention measures comprise the steps of running high steel grade (> 140 ksi), large wall thickness (> 16 mm), rotating casing, reducing hydraulic fracturing technological parameters and the like. The invention patent CN201611183431.1 proposes a multilayer high-strength combined casing, and according to the field high-strength casing downhole test and well logging data, the result shows that the method can not resist the load generated by the formation slip.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device and method under a shearing load, the crushing degree of a cement sheath under the action of the shearing load of a casing-cement sheath is simulated through tests, under the working condition of the same shearing load, the relation between the crushing degree of the cement sheath and the radial deformation of the casing is established, five-stage grading of the crushing degree of the cement sheath is formed, deformation transfer of the casing is realized, and the shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device and method can be used for controlling the deformation degree of the casing under the complex fracturing working condition of the shale gas well.
In order to achieve the purpose, the shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device under the shearing load comprises a sleeve, wherein a hose is sleeved outside the sleeve, a gap for filling cement is reserved between the hose and the sleeve, baffle plates are arranged on two end faces of the hose and connected with an axial load hydraulic power system, and a first radial load hydraulic power system and a second radial load hydraulic power system are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the hose.
The baffle is connected with the hose and sealed.
The baffle comprises a left baffle and a right baffle, the left baffle is connected with the first axial load hydraulic power system, and the right baffle is connected with the second axial load hydraulic power system.
The left baffle and the right baffle are coaxially arranged, and the first axial load hydraulic power system and the second axial load hydraulic power system are coaxially arranged.
The hose is fixed between a first radial load hydraulic power system and a second radial load hydraulic power system through a first radial shearing clamp, a second radial shearing clamp and a third radial shearing clamp, the first radial shearing clamp is fixed on the upper portion of the hose, and the second radial shearing clamp and the third radial shearing clamp are fixed on the lower portion of the hose.
A gap is provided between the second radial shear fixture and the third radial shear fixture.
The hose is a resin hose.
A grading method of a shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device under shear load comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting two ends of a sleeve with a baffle, and placing the sleeve in the middle of a hose;
s2, pouring cement into an annular gap between the sleeve and the hose after uniformly stirring the cement according to the required proportion, so that the liquid level of the cement is flush with the baffle;
s3, connecting and sealing the hose and the baffle, and standing to solidify cement;
s4, fixing a hose to the test rack, and connecting the axial load hydraulic power system with the first radial load hydraulic power system and the second radial load hydraulic power system;
s5, applying a radial shear load to the outer surface of the hose through the axial load hydraulic power system, the first radial load hydraulic power system and the second radial load hydraulic power system, and stopping the test when an obvious inflection point appears on a loading curve;
s6, cutting the hose, taking out the cement rock debris and the deformed sleeve, measuring a radial variable of the deformed sleeve, determining the crushing degree of a cement ring under the working condition of an external shearing load, screening through a vibrating screen test, realizing the crushing and grading of the cement rock debris, and establishing a corresponding relation between the crushing and grading of the rock debris and the variable of the shearing deformation inner diameter of the sleeve.
In the step S4, the hose is fixed on a test frame through a first radial shearing clamp, a second radial shearing clamp and a third radial shearing clamp, and the distance between the second radial shearing clamp and the third radial shearing clamp is 1-2mm.
Compared with the prior art, the device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the cement is filled between the casing and the hose to form the cement sheath, the axial load hydraulic power systems on the two sides of the cement sheath can apply axial loads to the cement sheath, and the first radial load hydraulic power system and the second radial load hydraulic power system on the upper side and the lower side of the cement sheath can apply radial loads to the cement sheath, so that the deformation controllability of the casing in the complex fracturing process is realized, the integrity of a shaft is ensured, the technical support is provided for the fracture test of the cement sheath of the shale gas well under the shear load, and the blank of the existing device is filled.
According to the method, the radial shear load is applied to the outer surface of the hose, then the cement sheath is crushed and graded, the corresponding relation between the crushing degree of the cement sheath and the variable of the radial deformation of the casing is established, the performance of the cement sheath is optimized, the well cementation process and the fracturing process are optimized, and tools such as bridge plugs, perforation snatching and the like are guaranteed to be smoothly put in. The method can simulate the actual service working condition of the casing under the complex fracturing working condition of the shale gas well more truly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention;
wherein: the hydraulic shearing device comprises a hose 1, a cement 2, a sleeve 3, a left baffle 4, a right baffle 5, a first axial load hydraulic power system 6, a second axial load hydraulic power system 7, a first radial load hydraulic power system 8, a second radial load hydraulic power system 9, a first radial shearing clamp 12, a second radial shearing clamp 13 and a third radial shearing clamp 14.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device under shear load comprises a casing 3, a hose 1 is sleeved outside the casing 3, a gap for filling cement 2 is reserved between the hose 1 and the casing 3, baffles are arranged on two end faces of the hose 1 and connected with an axial load hydraulic power system, and a first radial load hydraulic power system 8 and a second radial load hydraulic power system 9 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the hose 1. The shield is connected to the hose 1 and sealed. The baffle comprises a left baffle 4 and a right baffle 5, the left baffle 4 is connected with a first axial load hydraulic power system 6, and the right baffle 5 is connected with a second axial load hydraulic power system 7. The left baffle 4 and the right baffle 5 are coaxially arranged, and the first axial load hydraulic power system 6 and the second axial load hydraulic power system 7 are coaxially arranged. The hose 1 is fixed between the first radial load hydraulic power system 8 and the second radial load hydraulic power system 9 through a first radial shear clamp 12, a second radial shear clamp 13 and a third radial shear clamp 14, the first radial shear clamp 12 is fixed at the upper part of the hose 1, and the second radial shear clamp 13 and the third radial shear clamp 14 are fixed at the lower part of the hose 1. A gap is provided between the second radial shear clamp 13 and the third radial shear clamp 14.
Preferably, the hose 1 is a resin hose.
A grading method of a shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device under a shear load comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting two ends of a sleeve 3 with a baffle, and placing the sleeve 3 in the middle of a hose 1;
s2, uniformly stirring the cement 2 according to the required proportion, and pouring the mixture into an annular gap between the sleeve 3 and the hose 1 to enable the liquid level of the cement 2 to be flush with the baffle;
s3, connecting and sealing the hose 1 and the baffle, and standing to solidify the cement 2;
s4, fixing the hose 1 on a test frame, and connecting an axial load hydraulic power system, a first radial load hydraulic power system 8 and a second radial load hydraulic power system 9;
s5, applying a radial shear load to the outer surface of the hose 1 through an axial load hydraulic power system, a first radial load hydraulic power system 8 and a second radial load hydraulic power system 9, and stopping the test when an obvious inflection point appears on a loading curve;
s6, cutting the hose 1, taking out the cement rock debris and the deformed sleeve 3, measuring a radial variable of the deformed sleeve 3, determining the crushing degree of a cement ring under the working condition of an external shearing load, screening through a vibrating screen test, realizing the crushing and grading of the cement rock debris, and establishing a corresponding relation between the crushing and grading of the rock debris and the variable of the shearing deformation inner diameter of the sleeve.
The embodiment is as follows:
the testing device is suitable for all specifications of sleeves specified in API Spec 5CT sleeves and oil pipe specifications, and the wall thickness of the cement sheath is the distance between the inner diameter of the high-elasticity resin hose and the outer diameter of the sleeve. The test apparatus has dimensions of 1500mm × 250mm × 250mm; the size of the hydraulic power system is phi 8000mm multiplied by 600mm; the inner diameter of the radial shearing clamp is equal to the outer diameter of the high-elasticity resin hose, and the width of the radial shearing clamp is 300mm.
When in test, the two ends of the sleeve are connected with the baffle and placed in the middle of the high-elasticity resin hose to enable the two to be coaxial, and the baffle is connected with the high-elasticity resin hose and kept sealed; secondly, uniformly stirring the cement according to the site proportion, pouring the cement into the annular space between the sleeve and the high-elasticity resin hose, and enabling the cement liquid level to be flush with the baffle on the top surface of the sleeve; then connecting and sealing the other end of the high-elasticity hose with a baffle, and standing to solidify cement; finally, the high-elasticity resin hose is fixed on the test frame through an axial load hydraulic power system, and a radial load hydraulic power system is connected, wherein the radial shear clamp distance setting x of the second radial shear clamp 13 and the third radial shear clamp 14 is set to be 1-2mm. The installed casing-cement sheath system is shown in cross-section in figure 2.
And applying a radial shearing load to the outer surface of the high-elasticity resin hose through a shearing clamp, and stopping the test when an obvious inflection point appears on a loading curve. And simulating the action of stratum slippage on a casing-cement ring system under the complex fracturing working condition of the shale gas well. And the load of the radial load hydraulic power system and the displacement of the radial shearing clamp are collected in real time through a data acquisition device.
Cutting the corresponding part of a radial shearing clamp in a sleeve-cement sheath system in a linear cutting mode, taking out cement rock debris and a deformed sleeve, measuring the radial variable of the deformed sleeve, determining the crushing degree of the cement sheath under the working condition of external shearing load, screening by a vibrating screen test, realizing the crushing and grading of the cement rock debris, and establishing the corresponding relation between the crushing and grading of the rock debris and the variable of the shearing deformation inner diameter of the sleeve.
Grading the broken degree of the rock debris according to the maximum broken diameter
To be determined.
I-grade crushing:
/>
II-grade crushing:
grade III crushing:
grade IV crushing:
v-grade crushing:
inner diameter deformation of sleeve under shearing load working condition
The method comprises the following steps of (1) judging the passing condition of an underground tool under the complex fracturing working condition of the shale gas well:
wherein: delta (cr) is the inner diameter change of the sleeve under the shearing load working condition;
δ(s) is the casing inside diameter-the downhole tool outside diameter.
Claims (6)
1. A grading method of a shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device under a shearing load is characterized in that the grading device comprises a casing (3), a hose (1) is sleeved outside the casing (3), a gap for filling cement (2) is reserved between the hose (1) and the casing (3), baffle plates are arranged on two end faces of the hose (1) and connected with an axial load hydraulic power system, and a first radial load hydraulic power system (8) and a second radial load hydraulic power system (9) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the hose (1);
the hose (1) is fixed between a first radial load hydraulic power system (8) and a second radial load hydraulic power system (9) through a first radial shearing clamp (12), a second radial shearing clamp (13) and a third radial shearing clamp (14), the first radial shearing clamp (12) is fixed at the upper part of the hose (1), and the second radial shearing clamp (13) and the third radial shearing clamp (14) are fixed at the lower part of the hose (1); a gap is reserved between the second radial shearing clamp (13) and the third radial shearing clamp (14), and the gap between the second radial shearing clamp (13) and the third radial shearing clamp (14) is set to be 1-2mm;
the grading method comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting two ends of a sleeve (3) with a baffle, and placing the sleeve (3) in the middle of a hose (1);
s2, uniformly stirring the cement (2) according to the required proportion, and pouring the cement into an annular gap between the sleeve (3) and the hose (1) to enable the liquid level of the cement (2) to be flush with the baffle;
s3, connecting and sealing the hose (1) and the baffle, and standing to solidify the cement (2);
s4, fixing the hose (1) on a test frame, and connecting an axial load hydraulic power system, a first radial load hydraulic power system (8) and a second radial load hydraulic power system (9);
s5, applying a radial shear load to the outer surface of the hose (1) through an axial load hydraulic power system, a first radial load hydraulic power system (8) and a second radial load hydraulic power system (9), and stopping the test when an obvious inflection point appears on a loading curve;
s6, cutting the hose (1), taking out the cement rock debris and the deformed sleeve (3), measuring a radial variable of the deformed sleeve (3), determining the crushing degree of a cement ring under the working condition of an external shearing load, screening through a vibrating screen test, realizing the crushing and grading of the cement rock debris, and establishing a corresponding relation between the crushing and grading of the rock debris and the variable of the shearing deformation inner diameter of the sleeve.
2. The method for grading a shale gas well cement sheath crush morphology under shear load as claimed in claim 1 wherein the barrier is attached to and sealed with a hose (1).
3. The method for grading the fracture morphology of the shale gas well cement sheath under shear load as claimed in claim 1, wherein the baffle comprises a left baffle (4) and a right baffle (5), the left baffle (4) is connected with the first axial load hydraulic power system (6), and the right baffle (5) is connected with the second axial load hydraulic power system (7).
4. The method for grading the fracture morphology of the shale gas well cement sheath under the shear load as claimed in claim 3, wherein the left baffle (4) and the right baffle (5) are coaxially arranged, and the first axial load hydraulic power system (6) and the second axial load hydraulic power system (7) are coaxially arranged.
5. The method for grading the fracture morphology of the shale gas well cement sheath under shear load according to claim 1, wherein the hose (1) is a resin hose.
6. The method for grading the shale gas well cement sheath crushing morphology under the shear load as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the hose (1) is fixed on a test stand through a first radial shear clamp (12), a second radial shear clamp (13) and a third radial shear clamp (14), and the distance between the second radial shear clamp (13) and the third radial shear clamp (14) is 1-2mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010997904.1A CN112081552B (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Shale gas well cement sheath crushing form grading device and method under shearing load |
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| US10550662B2 (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2020-02-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Inhibiting longitudinal propagation of cracks in wellbore cement |
| CN108106945A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing and casing deformation computational methods |
| CN110411679A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cement sheath Integrity Assessment method and device |
| CN110082214B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2022-07-05 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Sandstone oil and gas well casing string simulation test device and evaluation method thereof |
| CN111395993A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-07-10 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method for controlling fracturing deformation of horizontal casing of shale gas well |
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