CN108106945A - A kind of non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing and casing deformation computational methods - Google Patents
A kind of non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing and casing deformation computational methods Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0274—Tubular or ring-shaped specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0482—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils comprising sensing means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing and the casing deformation computational methods based on the experimental rig, belong to and be drilled well technical field.Including the fixture being arranged on casing to be measured, fixture is equipped with displacement sensor, is equipped with to measure the optics extensometer of non-load area outer diameter Deformation Law in casing to be measured, further includes the hydraulic pressure system for being used to increase overpressure being connected with casing to be measured；It is set in casing one end to be measured end there are one for loading the electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator of axial load, one is also respectively provided on upper and lower two intermediate plates of fixture for the electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator to casing to be measured loading radial load.The present invention can realize the remaining anti-crowded performance material object evaluation test of the casing under operating mode containing defect, determine the casing real surplus collapsoing strength under different defect operating modes, and can adjust the non-uniform degree that load is squeezed outside casing to be measured in real time as needed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to be drilled well technical field, and in particular to a kind of non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing and be based on
The casing deformation computational methods of the experimental rig.
Background technology
Shale gas horizontal well complexity fracturing process middle sleeve, which can occur to squeeze under external pressure, ruins deformation, causes bridge plug cannot
Tripping in, and then give up the fracturing section, cause the significant wastage of input cost and the energy.Field research and theoretical research show
To ruin failure be caused by nearly pit shaft stress interference is common as caused by compressive load outside inhomogeneous formation and complicated pressure break for casing crowded.
Domestic and international standard generally used now and actual loading test evaluation method are all based on the casing military service safety evaluation under uniformly outer crowded load,
And it is all based on criterion of strength and carries out failure judgement.Still lack and meet the casing column test of China's shale gas complexity pressure break operating mode and comment
Valency device and its evaluation method.
As can be seen that shale gas horizontal well complexity fracturing process casing deformation is serious, how accurate evaluation casing resist it is non-
ID distortion characteristic is most important to the formation of sleeve design and selection technology under even outer crowded operating mode.Existing experimental rig and evaluation
Main problem existing for method：1. casing material object evaluating apparatus load cannot apply quantitative non-homogeneous outer crowded load；It is 2. existing
Deformation monitoring means are all measured just for sleeve outer, can not realize that internal diameter of the casing string under non-uniform load operating mode becomes
Shape is evaluated.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing and casing deformation computational methods,
The experimental rig is reasonable in design, easy to operate, and sleeve outer wall load heterogeneity point is solved by way of mechanical load
The problem of cloth, can realize the ID distortion evaluation of accuracy controlling and casing string under non-uniform load operating mode.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of a kind of casing disclosed by the invention, including the folder being arranged on casing to be measured
Tool, fixture are equipped with displacement sensor, are equipped with to measure the optics of non-load area outer diameter Deformation Law in casing to be measured
Extensometer further includes the hydraulic pressure system for being used to increase overpressure being connected with casing to be measured；It is set in casing one end to be measured end
There are one for loading the electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator of axial load, one is also respectively provided on upper and lower two intermediate plates of fixture
It is a to be used for the electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator of casing to be measured loading radial load.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with liner between fixture and casing to be measured.
Preferably, machine plugging device is equipped in one end of casing to be measured, the other end is equipped with pipe end clamping device.
Preferably, experimental reaction frame bridging is further included, casing to be measured is fixed on by pipe end clamping device on experimental reaction frame bridging.
Preferably, the size of experimental reaction frame bridging is 9000mm × 4000mm × 4000mm.
Preferably, the size of electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator is Φ 2000mm × 600mm.
Preferably, the length of casing to be measured is 9000mm.
Preferably, fixture is arranged at the 4500mm positions of casing to be measured.
The invention also discloses the methods that casing inner diameter deformation calculating is carried out using above device, comprise the following steps：
1) electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator and fixture are moved at position to be measured, connect hydraulic pressure system, watched by electro-hydraulic
The static actuator of clothes is axially and radially loaded to casing to be measured application, increases the internal pressure of casing to be measured by hydraulic pressure system, until
Reach pressure break duty requirements；
2) keep the internal pressure of casing to be measured and axial load constant, persistently load radial load, until casing to be measured occurs
It squeezes and ruins failure；
3) the outer diameter deformation rule of the non-loading area of casing to be measured is monitored by optics extensometer, according to optics extensometer
Casing inner diameter changing rule is calculated according to following formula in monitoring result, establishes non-homogeneous outer crowded load and ID distortion
Correspondence completes test；
δ (t)=f (R, t, R ', θ)-w (t) (1)
In formula, δ (t) is the deformation quantity of casing inner diameter to be measured, and f (R, t, R ', θ) represents the function of four variables, i.e., in t
It carves, the outer diameter deformation under fixture angle theta operating mode；R is casing outer radius to be measured, and t is the load time, and R ' monitors for optics extensometer
Numerical value, θ correspond to angle for the non-loading area of casing to be measured, and w (t) is the actual (real) thickness for the loading t times corresponding to casing to be measured.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has technique effect beneficial below：
The non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing disclosed by the invention, by setting fixture on casing to be measured, passes through
The displacement sensor set on fixture, while three electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator are also set up, two of which is symmetricly set on folder
For applying radial load on the upper lower clamping piece of tool, another is arranged on one end end of casing to be measured for applying axial load
Lotus.This combination setting is easily achieved mechanical load, can realize that the casing under operating mode containing defect is remaining by mechanical load mode
Anti- crowded performance material object evaluation test, determines the casing real surplus collapsoing strength under different defect operating modes, and can be as needed
The non-uniform degree that load is squeezed outside casing to be measured is adjusted in real time.
Test method disclosed by the invention is mainly realized by way of mechanical load and the non-homogeneous of load is squeezed outside casing
Property, it can quantify to squeeze the heterogeneity degree of load outside casing by way of changing clamp-shaped, establish clamp-shaped and load
The relation of non-uniform degree on this basis, forms corresponding casing string evaluation method.This patent advantage is directly to adopt
With the mode of mechanical load, apply the non-homogeneous outer crowded load of quantization, and evaluate the adaptability of casing string, carried with live casing string
Lotus operating mode uniformity is more preferable, can realize the casing inner diameter deformation accurate evaluation under non-homogeneous outer crowded load, be answered for shale gas well
Miscellaneous fracturing process sleeve design and selection provide foundation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine structure diagram of casing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing；
Fig. 3 deforms equivalent relation variation diagram for casing internal-and external diameter.
Wherein, 1 is casing；2 be fixture；3 be liner；4 be electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator；5 be displacement sensor；6 are
Machine plugging device；7 be pipe end clamping device；8 be hydraulic pressure system；9 be optics extensometer；10 be experimental reaction frame bridging.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
Referring to Fig. 1, the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing disclosed by the invention including fixture 2, liner 3, electro-hydraulic is watched
The static actuator 4 of clothes, machine plugging device 6, experimental reaction frame bridging 10, optics extensometer 9, displacement sensor 5, pipe end clamping device
7 and hydraulic pressure system 8.
Specific location connection relation is：Machine plugging device 6 is arranged on one end of casing 1 to be measured, and fixture 2 is clamped in be measured
On casing 1, and position is adjustable.Displacement sensor 5 is equipped on fixture 2, is additionally provided with to measure in casing 1 to be measured non-load
The optics extensometer 9 of area outer diameter Deformation Law；Further include to increase the hydraulic pressure system 8 of casing internal pressure to be measured.In set to be measured
1 one end end of pipe is set there are one for loading the electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator 4 of axial load, and upper and lower two in fixture 2 press from both sides
On piece is also respectively provided with one for the electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator 4 to casing 1 to be measured loading radial load.
The pipe end clamping device 7 for being arranged on 1 other end of casing to be measured is further included, casing 1 to be measured passes through pipe end clamping device 7
It is fixed on experimental reaction frame bridging 10.
Preferably, referring to Fig. 2, liner 3 is equipped between fixture 2 and casing to be measured 1, using the machine of fixture-liner form
Tool load mode is easy to implement, and can adjust the non-uniform degree that load is squeezed outside casing in real time.
Device specification：The experimental rig is suitable for《API Spec 5CT casings and oil pipe specification》Specified in all specifications
The evaluation of casing.The size of experimental reaction frame bridging 10 is 9000mm × 4000mm × 4000mm；The ruler of electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator 4
Very little is Φ 2000mm × 600mm；Fixture 2 and liner 3 are different size series, to match different size sleeve outer and adapt to outer
Press heterogeneity requirement；The casing length to be measured 1 that the present embodiment is related to is 9000mm.Preferably, fixture 2 is arranged on casing to be measured
At 1 4500mm positions, i.e., middle position (is applied to centre position and is mainly based upon Saint Venant's principle and avoid end restraint pair
The influence of casing deformation monitoring result).
The method that casing inner diameter deformation test is carried out using above device, is specifically included：
1) experiment prepares：Mechanical plugging device 6 is installed in 1 end of casing to be measured, and places the matched fixture 2 of specification, interior
Lining 3 is at the 4500mm positions outer wall of casing 1 to be measured；
One end of casing 1 to be measured is clamped with pipe end clamp structure 7, the other end installs 1 electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator 4；
The electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator 4 that other two is disposed vertically is moved at 3 setting position of fixture 2 and liner, connects hydraulic pressure
System 8.The non-homogeneous outer crowded loading device of casing after installation is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
2) process is tested：Casing 1 to be measured is applied by three electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator and is axially and radially loaded, together
When, casing internal pressure is increased by hydraulic pressure system 8, reaches live fracturing process duty requirements.Then, 1 internal pressure of casing to be measured is kept
And axial load is constant, persistently the electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator 4 used in fixture setting symmetrical above and below increases radial direction electro-hydraulic servo
Static actuator load, until casing 1 to be measured, which occurs to squeeze, ruins failure.
3) casing inner diameter deformation evaluating process：Casing 1 to be measured is monitored in whole experiment process by optics extensometer 9 not add
Area outer diameter deformation rule is carried, according to the monitoring result of optics extensometer 9, according to the transforming relationship of formula (1) and shown in Fig. 3
Correspondence obtains 1 internal diameter changing rule of casing to be measured, establishes the correspondence of non-homogeneous outer crowded load and ID distortion, shape
Into 1 deformation evaluating method of casing to be measured.
δ (t)=f (R, t, R ', θ)-w (t)
Wherein：δ (t) is the deformation quantity of casing inner diameter, and R is casing outer radius, and t is the load time, and R ' is optics extensometer
Monitoring numerical value, θ correspond to angle for the non-loading area of casing, and w (t) corresponds to casing actual (real) thickness for the loading t times.
In conclusion the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing of the present invention and deformation calculation method, can realize shale
The actual loading test of gas well complexity pressure break operating mode setting of casing is evaluated, and forms casing inner diameter deformation test method.Domestic and international nothing is filled up
Method determines the blank of limit anti-collapse property of the casing under non-uniform load by test method, is shale gas well complexity pressure break
Process sleeve design and selection provide technical support.The invention has the advantages that：
1st, the mechanical load mode using fixture-liner form is easy to implement, and can adjust in real time and load is squeezed outside casing
Non-uniform degree.
2nd, the remaining anti-crowded performance material object evaluation test of casing under operating mode containing defect can be realized by mechanical load mode, really
Casing real surplus collapsoing strength under fixed different defect operating modes.
3rd, the casing inner diameter deformation accurate evaluation under non-homogeneous outer crowded load can be achieved in the present invention, is the complicated pressure of shale gas well
It splits process sleeve design and selection provides foundation.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing, which is characterized in that including the fixture being arranged on casing to be measured (1)
(2), fixture (2) is equipped with displacement sensor (5), is equipped with to measure non-load area outer diameter deformation in casing to be measured (1)
The optics extensometer (9) of rule further includes the hydraulic pressure system (8) for being used to increase overpressure being connected with casing to be measured (1)；
It is set in casing to be measured (1) one end end there are one the electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator (4) for being used for mechanical load axial load,
One is also respectively provided on upper and lower two intermediate plates of fixture (2) for the electro-hydraulic of casing to be measured (1) mechanical load radial load
Servo static state actuator (4).
2. the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in fixture (2) with treating
Liner (3) is additionally provided between survey casing (1).
3. the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in casing to be measured (1)
One end be equipped with machine plugging device (6), the other end be equipped with pipe end clamping device (7).
4. the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include experiment counter-force
Frame (10), casing (1) to be measured are fixed on by pipe end clamping device (7) on experimental reaction frame bridging (10).
5. the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing according to claim 4, which is characterized in that experimental reaction frame bridging (10)
Size be 9000mm × 4000mm × 4000mm.
6. the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that electro-hydraulic servo is static to be made
The size of dynamic device (4) is Φ 2000mm × 600mm.
7. the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that casing (1) to be measured
Length is 9000mm.
8. the non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing according to claim 7, which is characterized in that fixture (2) is arranged on
At the 4500mm positions of casing (1) to be measured.
9. carrying out the method for casing inner diameter deformation calculating using the device of any one institute in claim 1~8, feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
1) electro-hydraulic servo static state actuator (4) and fixture (2) are moved at position to be measured, connection hydraulic pressure system (8) passes through electricity
Liquid servo static state actuator (4) applies axially and radially mechanical load to casing to be measured (1), is treated by hydraulic pressure system (8) increase
The internal pressure of casing (1) is surveyed, until reaching pressure break duty requirements；
2) keep the internal pressure of casing (1) to be measured and axial load constant, continued mechanical loading radial load, until casing to be measured
(1) occur to squeeze to ruin failure；
3) the outer diameter deformation rule of the non-loading area of casing (1) to be measured is monitored by optics extensometer (9), according to optics extensometer
(9) casing inner diameter changing rule is calculated according to following formula (1) in monitoring result, establish non-homogeneous outer crowded load with it is interior
The correspondence of footpath deformation, completes test；
δ (t)=f (R, t, R ', θ)-w (t) (1)
In formula, δ (t) is the deformation quantity of casing inner diameter to be measured, and f (R, t, R ', θ) represents the function of four variables, i.e., in t moment,
Outer diameter deformation under fixture angle theta operating mode；R is casing outer radius to be measured, and t is the load time, and R ' monitors number for optics extensometer
Value, θ correspond to angle for the non-loading area of casing to be measured, and w (t) is the actual (real) thickness for the loading t times corresponding to casing to be measured.
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| CN201711281045.0A CN108106945A (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | A kind of non-homogeneous outer crowded load testing machine of casing and casing deformation computational methods |
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| CN109374239A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-22 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of measuring device of elastic cylinder split pin shear stiffness and stress |
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| CN110082214A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-08-02 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | A kind of sandstone oil/gas well casing string simulation test device and its evaluation method |
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| CN110793862A (en) * | 2019-11-09 | 2020-02-14 | 绍兴集知汇信息科技有限公司 | Device and method for testing motor rotating shaft after manufacturing |
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