CN112069085B - System and method for dual mode flash memory controller and dual mode memory communication - Google Patents
System and method for dual mode flash memory controller and dual mode memory communication Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/0223—User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing
- G06F12/023—Free address space management
- G06F12/0238—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory
- G06F12/0246—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/16—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to memory bus
- G06F13/1668—Details of memory controller
- G06F13/1694—Configuration of memory controller to different memory types
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/16—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to memory bus
- G06F13/18—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to memory bus based on priority control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/20—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus
- G06F13/28—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus using burst mode transfer, e.g. direct memory access DMA, cycle steal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2212/00—Indexing scheme relating to accessing, addressing or allocation within memory systems or architectures
- G06F2212/72—Details relating to flash memory management
- G06F2212/7208—Multiple device management, e.g. distributing data over multiple flash devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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Abstract
A system, method of dual mode flash controller and dual mode memory communication for communication between a flash controller and a non-volatile memory, wherein when all devices on the controller and a given channel are set to a legacy mode, all devices on the controller and the given channel operate in the legacy mode; when the controller and all devices on a given channel are set to operate in the PAM mode, the controller may send commands to multiple logical units on the same channel and multiple logical units may return commands and/or status on the same channel during the active data transfer phase.
Description
Technical Field
A unique non-volatile memory controller (controller) with dual mode functionality is paired with one or more non-volatile memory devices (or devices) with dual mode functionality, wherein a new approach to improving overall performance is to issue commands from the controller to the devices and return status from the devices to the controller.
Background
The non-volatile memory controller controls a plurality of channels (channels) of the non-volatile memory device. Each channel is typically composed of one or more Chip Enable (CEs), each CE being connected to a Target (Target) composed of one or more Logical Units (LUNs).
In conventional controller and device settings, once a LUN begins the data transfer phase of a programming or read operation, no other LUN on the same channel can receive commands from the controller without first interrupting operation of the selected LUN, even if the other LUN is on another CE. The data transmission phase of large data transmission may be long.
Taking ONFI and Toggle NAND flash as an example, in a conventional controller and device configuration, in order to be able to issue commands to other LUNs after data input or output is started, the controller needs to perform the following sequence.
1. The current data transmission is suspended.
2. Wait for data to be transferred to delay order, > = 100ns.
3. A new command is issued, which will contain at least one command sequence and zero or more address sequences, > = 100ns.
4. A command and address sequence is issued to reselect the original data transfer LUN, > = 100ns.
5. Waiting for command and/or address to data transfer delay, > 400ns.
6. And resuming the data transmission.
This sequence is expensive, taking over 700ns. Because of the significant overhead associated with suspending and/or interrupting data transfer, there is a need to create alternative methods that allow commands to be issued to LUNs of different CEs connected to the same channel to improve overall performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides an innovative and efficient method of allowing a controller and a device to communicate with each other during an efficient data transfer phase. In one embodiment of the invention, new interface signals are added for command/address and status checking. In another embodiment, no new pins are required so that the design can maintain backward compatibility with current standards, such as the Open NAND Flash Interface (ONFI) or Toggle standards when using flash.
In one embodiment of the invention, both the controller and the device may operate in two modes. One mode is the conventional controller and device configuration mode. In the second mode, the parallel access mode (Parallel Access Mode, PAM), both the controller and the device are aware of each other's parallel access command and data transfer functions. In one possible implementation, the device implements a module that converts commands from the command/status bus and data from the data bus into signals that conform to the internal ONFI standard. The device also implements a module that converts the device state back into command/state bus format. In PAM, a LUN of a device may be in one of three states: a normal state, a PAM data transmission state, or a PAM command reception state. Once the LUN initiates the data transfer, the controller may place the active LUN into a parallel access data transfer state using existing and/or new functions and/or interfaces. Thereafter, the controller may issue commands to another LUN on the same channel using existing and/or new functions and/or interfaces.
In this embodiment, the device has a mode register to indicate whether it is operating in legacy mode or PAM mode, and a PAM status register to indicate whether the LUN is in normal state, parallel access data transfer state, or parallel access command reception state.
Drawings
The appended drawings illustrate only exemplary embodiments of the invention and therefore do not limit its scope, as the inventive concepts lend themselves to other equally effective embodiments.
FIG. 1 shows a dual mode controller controlling two channels with different modes of non-volatile memory simultaneously. Channel one has a non-volatile memory operating in PAM mode. Channel two has a non-volatile memory that operates in a conventional mode.
FIG. 2 illustrates a controller and one channel thereof in one embodiment.
FIG. 3 illustrates dual mode command and data transmission logic for one of the controller channels in one embodiment.
Fig. 4 (a) illustrates PAM logic modules for each LUN of a PAM-capable device in one embodiment.
Fig. 4 (B) illustrates an example of implementing maintaining backward compatibility of a device with an ONFI standard interface in an embodiment.
A timing diagram of the command/status bus and the data bus in one embodiment is shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 6 shows a timing diagram of one possible implementation of a controller using ONFI to activate PAM data transfer states of LUNs in a data transfer phase.
Fig. 7 shows a timing diagram of normal data transmission of a controller and a device using ONFI.
Fig. 8 shows a timing diagram of one possible implementation of a controller using ONFI to issue commands to other LUNs using ALE and CLE as data lines and we# as strobe line.
Fig. 9 shows a timing diagram of one possible implementation of the LUN return state in PAM mode.
Fig. 10 shows a timing diagram of one possible implementation of a controller that regains control of a LUN in PAM data transfer state using ONFI.
Fig. 11 shows a timing diagram of performance improvement achieved on channels using PAM mode systems in one embodiment.
Fig. 12 (a) shows a timing diagram of an implementation of PAM mode command issue using an I2C-like command/status bus in an embodiment.
Fig. 12 (B) shows a timing diagram of an implementation of PAM mode with I2C-like command/status bus reception status in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 shows a controller controlling two different channels, one with all LUNs in traditional mode and one with all LUNs in parallel access mode of operation. One way to configure the controller to turn on PAM is through register settings. Each LUN controlled by the controller may be configured separately.
One way to configure a device to turn on PAM is by the ONFI standard SET FEATURES command.
One way to check if a device is able to handle PAM and its current operation mode is GET FEATURES command through ONFI standard.
Fig. 2 provides an embodiment of a controller and one channel therefor. Each channel of the controller has a logic module for controlling command/status bus and data bus operations. The dual mode command and data transmission logic may generate command and data transmissions that conform to the ONFI standard, as well as PAM commands, status and data transmissions. In this embodiment, the ONFI interface bus is a subset of the command/status bus and the data bus. In other implementations, the command/status and data buses may be implemented using only ONFI interface signals. The command and data types driven by the controller may be configured by the PAM registers of the controller.
In this embodiment, the channel is connected to two devices, each device containing two targets, thereby creating four targets on the channel. Each target contains one LUN. Each LUN of the PAM enabled device has a PAM logic module that can translate command/status and data bus commands into internal signals that conform to the ONFI interface. The PAM logic module of each LUN is configured by the PAM register of each device.
FIG. 3 provides an embodiment of dual mode command and data transmission logic for one of the controller channels. In this embodiment, the PAM register enables and disables the legacy mode command and data transmission logic as well as the PAM command/status and data transmission logic. Conventional mode command and data transfer logic generates commands and data conforming to the ONFI interface. The PAM command and data transmission logic generates a new command/status bus and data transmission interface that may be a superset of the existing ONFI interface signals.
Fig. 4 (a) provides an embodiment of a PAM logic module for each LUN of a PAM-capable device. The PAM register of the device configures the PAM logic module. This embodiment includes a status register, command decoding logic, datapath processing logic, and status return logic. Fig. 4 (B) provides an example of implementing a backward compatibility maintenance device with an ONFI standard interface. In this case, the PAM logic module includes PAM registers of the device for configuring the PAM logic module. Command bus to ONFI transition logic, status return transition logic, and channel bus and CE multiplexing logic. During legacy mode operation, the LUN will normally receive commands through the ONFI interface. In PAM operation, the LUN will receive commands and return status over the command/status bus and transmit data over the data bus. The command is internally translated into an ONFI compliant command by the command bus to ONFI translation logic. The state is rerouted through the state return transition logic.
In one embodiment of the invention, the command/status bus and the data bus are designed as a superset of the ONFI interface signals. All commands and states are issued and returned on the command/state bus. The data bus is used only for data transmission. Once a LUN on a channel begins data transfer, other LUNs on the same channel may continue to receive commands that do not require immediate data transfer and return to state.
A timing diagram of the command/status bus and the data bus of the embodiment described in the previous paragraph is shown in fig. 5. The controller first initiates a data transfer for LUN 0. Since the data transfer of LUN0 is taking place on the data bus, the controller continues to issue commands to LUN1 and LUN2 and check their status. The device returns a status on the command/status bus. Once the LUN0 data transfer is complete, the controller issues another data transfer command to LUN1 and initiates the LUN1 data transfer on the data bus.
In another embodiment of the invention, the command/status bus is made up of a subset of the existing ONFI interface pins, e.g., ALE, CLE, WE #. The device may be placed in PAM state so that the device knows when to listen for PAM command issue sequences and return to state on the command/state bus. The status register may be used to distinguish between a normal state, a PAM data transmission state, and a PAM command state.
Fig. 6 is a timing diagram of one possible implementation of a controller that uses ONFI to activate PAM data transfer states of LUNs in a data transfer phase. After the LUN begins data transfer, the controller pauses data transfer by keeping DQS and RE static. After all relevant ONFI timing requirements are met, the controller drives ALE and CLE HIGH and switches we#. The active LUN of the device in PAM will monitor this situation and lock the conditions of both ALE and CLE high during the data transfer suspension using we#. Ce# is set high after entering PAM data transfer state and the LUN will ignore further valid on CLE, ALE and we# lines, but continue to process all other signals normally until it receives an exit PAM data transfer state condition. The controller then resumes data transfer and prepares to issue commands to LUNs on other targets through PAM command reception state operations.
Fig. 7 is a timing diagram of normal data transmission of a controller and a device using ONFI if PAM shown in fig. 2 is not effective.
Fig. 8 is a timing diagram of one possible implementation of a controller using ONFI to issue commands to other LUNs using ALE and CLE as data lines and we# as strobe line. The controller first selects another target by disabling ce# of the target. After ce# is disabled, the controller will gate we# once with CLE and ALE kept high. The LUN in PAM will monitor this situation and will enter PAM command reception state if detected. In this state, the LUN of the selected target will ignore all valid on RE#, DQS and DQ. In this state, the command will transfer two bits of data on the CLE and ALE lines, WE# being strobe. If there are multiple LUNs on the CE, the controller may first send a command such as "CHANGE READ COLUMN ENHANCED" to select a valid LUN. After the controller completes the command transmission, the target is deselected by re-enabling ce#.
Fig. 9 is a timing diagram of one possible implementation of PAM LUN return state. In this implementation, CLE and ALE are bi-directional signals. In the PAM command state, after a command has been issued and the appropriate time for operation has been met, the controller will send a switch to output command to the selected LUN. After a suitable waiting time, the device should immediately drive the ALE and CLE. The controller will receive 2 bits of data at a time using we# as strobe.
Fig. 10 is a timing diagram of one possible implementation of a controller that regains control of a LUN in PAM data transfer state using ONFI. If the data transfer LUN is still in the data transfer phase, DQS and RE# may be used to suspend data transfer. After all relevant ONFI timing parameters are met, the controller will drive ce# LOW (LOW), drive CLE and ALE high, and gate we#. If the LUN is no longer transmitting data, the controller drives CE# low, drives CLE and ALE high, and gates WE#. LUNs in PAM data transfer state will monitor the conditions described above and then return to normal operation state when they are detected.
Fig. 11 is a timing diagram illustrating performance improvements that may be achieved on the channels of the system shown in fig. 1 using the PAM sequences shown in fig. 6-10. Using this technique, when the first LUN is in PAM data transfer mode, the controller may send commands to multiple alternative LUNs until the data transfer is complete, or the controller wishes to regain control of the data transfer LUN.
FIG. 12 is a timing diagram of one embodiment of the present invention in which the command/status bus is implemented using a high speed I2C-type protocol with one clock (SCL) line and multiple data (SDA) lines. The data lines (DQ) and the data strobe lines (DQS) are separated on the data bus. Fig. 12 (a) shows that the command/status bus issues commands simultaneously while active data transfer is being performed on the data bus. Fig. 12 (B) shows a command/status bus simultaneous read state at the time of effective data transfer on the data bus.
Claims (10)
1. A communication system, comprising:
a non-volatile memory controller operable in both a legacy mode and a parallel access PAM mode, comprising:
control logic for one or more channels, each control logic comprising:
a configuration logic for setting a legacy mode or PAM mode;
one or more PAM status registers and PAM implementation logic;
one or more dual mode control logic and dual mode multiplexing logic;
a non-volatile memory device operable in both a legacy mode and a PAM mode, comprising:
one or more logic units, each logic unit comprising:
a configuration logic for setting a legacy mode or PAM mode;
one or more PAM status registers and PAM implementation logic;
dual mode multiplexing logic;
one or more channels including a communication bus that enables command transmission, status reception, and data transmission between the nonvolatile memory controller and the nonvolatile memory device;
thus, when all devices on the controller and a given channel are set to a legacy mode, all devices on the controller and the given channel operate in the legacy mode; when the controller and all devices on a given channel are set to operate in the PAM mode, the controller may send commands to multiple logical units on the same channel and multiple logical units may return commands and/or status on the same channel during the active data transfer phase.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein implementing configuration logic to set legacy mode or PAM mode comprises: a mode register and/or a configurable pin.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication bus for each channel implementing command transmission, status reception, and data transmission comprises: a bus compliant with a non-volatile memory interface standard, and/or one or more of: command bus, status bus, data transfer bus.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the non-volatile memory interface standard is ONFI or Toggle for NAND flash.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is communicable with at least one non-volatile memory device having both a legacy mode and a PAM mode.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the active data transfer phase of the channel is when data is input to or is being output from a logical unit of the device.
7. The system of claim 2, wherein the mode register indicates whether the controller or the device is operating in a legacy mode or a PAM mode; the PAM status register indicates whether the logic unit is in a normal state, a PAM transmission state, or a PAM command reception state.
8. A method of communication employing the system of claim 1, implementing a nonvolatile memory controller and nonvolatile memory device configuration mode of operation, comprising:
the controller checks whether a logic unit in the device supports PAM mode;
the controller checks whether the device is now in legacy mode or PAM mode;
the controller configures the device to either a legacy mode or a PAM mode through a PAM register.
9. A method of communication employing the system of claim 1, enabling communication between a nonvolatile memory controller and a nonvolatile memory device, the controller transmitting data to one of the logic units in the device while:
issuing commands to one or more other logical units;
acquiring states of any other logic unit or units on the same channel where the equipment is located;
returning the current state of the other one or more logic units to the controller;
when the transfer of data by the one logical unit is completed, the controller transfers data to the other logical unit or units.
10. The method as recited in claim 9, further comprising: the controller configures the device to PAM mode.
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CN201910498525.5A CN112069085B (en) | 2019-06-10 | 2019-06-10 | System and method for dual mode flash memory controller and dual mode memory communication |
PCT/CN2020/084744 WO2020248700A1 (en) | 2019-06-10 | 2020-04-14 | Method and system for communication between dual-mode flash memory controller and dual-mode memory |
US17/596,377 US11397673B2 (en) | 2019-06-10 | 2020-04-14 | Method and system for communication between dual-mode flash memory controller and dual-mode memory |
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CN101958152A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-01-26 | 华中科技大学 | NAND FLASH controller and application thereof |
CN102541678A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-04 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Multichannel NAND flash parallel memory controller |
CN104035898A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-10 | 同济大学 | Memory access system based on VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word) type processor |
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US7428603B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2008-09-23 | Sigmatel, Inc. | System and method for communicating with memory devices via plurality of state machines and a DMA controller |
CN101483504B (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2012-05-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Implementation method and apparatus for space division, time division cross-interaction |
US9471484B2 (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2016-10-18 | Novachips Canada Inc. | Flash memory controller having dual mode pin-out |
US9798686B2 (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2017-10-24 | Silicon Laboratories Inc. | Slave side bus arbitration |
US10838656B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2020-11-17 | Mediatek Inc. | Parallel memory access to on-chip memory containing regions of different addressing schemes by threads executed on parallel processing units |
KR102387977B1 (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2022-04-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Memory device communicating with system on chip through at least two channels, electronic device including the same, and operating method of electronic device |
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CN101958152A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-01-26 | 华中科技大学 | NAND FLASH controller and application thereof |
CN102541678A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-04 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Multichannel NAND flash parallel memory controller |
CN104035898A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-10 | 同济大学 | Memory access system based on VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word) type processor |
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