CN112066645A - 压力氧的生产系统 - Google Patents

压力氧的生产系统 Download PDF

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CN112066645A
CN112066645A CN202011023589.9A CN202011023589A CN112066645A CN 112066645 A CN112066645 A CN 112066645A CN 202011023589 A CN202011023589 A CN 202011023589A CN 112066645 A CN112066645 A CN 112066645A
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pressure
oxygen
pipe
cold box
liquid oxygen
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何晓
王莉君
刘椿
赵庆捷
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Hangzhou Best Gas Co ltd
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Hangzhou Best Gas Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
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    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
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    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
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    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
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    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
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Abstract

本发明公开了压力氧的生产系统，包括冷箱和压力塔，压力塔分为上塔和下塔，上塔与冷箱间连接液氧进入管，冷箱通过液氧流出管连接贮槽，液氧流出管上安装加压泵，冷箱内腔安装换热器，换热器一端连接高压空气管，高压空气管上安装循环机，换热器另一端连接液化空气管，液化空气管连接下塔，冷箱的顶部连接高压氧出管，冷箱靠近高压氧出管的内壁上安装分离机构。上塔液氧流入冷箱内，高压空气通入换热器内，换热器使得液氧和高压空气在冷箱内实现热交换，液氧一部分汽化吸收热量，高压空气液化并通过液化空气管流入下塔内参与精馏，汽化产生的高压氧进入高压氧出管提供客户使用，控制换热器的换热面积，实现了高压氧及液氧液氮产品比例的变化控制。

Description

压力氧的生产系统
技术领域
本发明涉及空气分离技术领域，具体为压力氧的生产系统。
背景技术
随着社会经济的发展，近年来，空分设备的应用领域不断扩展，如石化、钢铁、玻璃、橡胶、建筑板材、多晶硅、碳纤维等行业都有涉足，工业对氮气和氧气的需求量是不断增加的，与终端市场相适应，近几年液体空分的规模和数量也逐渐增加，氮气和氧气的压力等级也日新月异，同时对节能降耗也不断提出更高的要求，对于较大的用户而言，使用液体的成本过高，他们希望使用管道气体，纯液体空分无法为大客户提供低成本的高压氧，自己的经济效益完全取决于液体市场的情况，风险较大，因此，要想在市场上占有主动地位，就必须提高产品的提取率，降低装置的运行能耗，挖掘设备运行的节能潜力，同时尽可能减少氧压机设备和场地投入，因而有必要设计一种可产一定压力氧气的液体空分，该流程要有较大的变负荷能力，以满足高压氧客户需求的波动，为此我们提出压力氧的生产系统用于解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供压力氧的生产系统，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：压力氧的生产系统，包括冷箱和压力塔，所述压力塔内腔从上到下分为上塔和下塔，所述上塔与冷箱一侧外壁中部连接液氧进入管，所述液氧进入管上安装液氧泵，所述冷箱的另一侧底部固定连接液氧流出管的一端，所述液氧流出管的另一端固定连接贮槽，所述液氧流出管上安装加压泵，所述冷箱内腔安装换热器，所述换热器的一端固定连接高压空气管，所述高压空气管上安装循环机，所述换热管的另一端固定连接液化空气管的一端，所述液化空气管的另一端固定连接下塔，所述冷箱的顶部固定连接高压氧出管，所述冷箱靠近高压氧出管的内壁上固定安装分离机构。
优选的一种实施案例，所述上塔的底部固定安装有气化器/冷凝器，且上塔内设有水冷管。
优选的一种实施案例，所述液氧进入管靠近压力塔的一端、液化空气管、高压氧出管和加压泵两端的液态氧流出管上均安装有闸阀，所述高压氧出管靠近冷箱的一端安装有单向阀。
优选的一种实施案例，所述加压泵设有两组，两组所述加压泵的两端均三通管，所述三通管的第三端连接液氧流出管，且三通管靠近加压泵的一端均安装闸阀，所述加压泵靠近贮槽的一端均安装止回阀。
优选的一种实施案例，所述循环机靠近冷箱一端的高压空气管上安装有止回阀，所述循环机另一端的高压空气管上安装有过滤器。
优选的一种实施案例，所述换热器包括多个换热管，多个所述换热管均匀分布在冷箱内，所述换热管的一端均贯穿冷箱的一侧侧板并固定套接分散箱的一侧侧板，所述分散箱的另一侧侧板固定套接高压空气管，所述换热管的另一端均贯穿冷箱的另一侧侧板并固定套接集中箱的一侧侧板，所述集中箱的另一侧侧板固定套接液化空气管，所述换热管靠近分散箱和集中箱的一端均安装有电磁阀，且电磁阀位于冷箱的外侧，所述冷箱内腔处的换热管上开有多个通孔，所述通孔内均固定套接贯穿管。
优选的一种实施案例，所述换热管均为S型结构，所述通孔贯穿换热管的径向，且相邻通孔的开口朝向相互交错，所述贯穿管为中空结构，且贯穿管的外径小于换热管的内径。
优选的一种实施案例，所述分离机构包括集气罩，所述集气罩固定安装在冷箱的内壁上，且集气罩端面固定连接高压氧出管，所述集气罩远离高压氧出管的一端内壁固定安装凝聚网，所述集气罩靠近高压氧出管的一端内壁固定安装半透膜。
优选的一种实施案例，所述集气罩为喇叭状机构，且集气罩的小径端固定连接高压氧出管，所述凝聚网为不锈钢网状结构，所述半透膜为防水透气膜。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、上塔的液氧流入冷箱内，高压空气流入换热器内，通过换热器使得液氧与高压空气换热，从而使得部分液氧气化形成高压氧并通过高压氧出管流出提供用户使用，剩余液氧通过加压泵送入贮槽内存储，实现高压氧制造使用；
2、液氧从加压泵后取出，带有一定的压力，能够顺利地送入贮槽，这样就不需要担心因贮槽过高而导致液氧无法送入贮槽，减少氧压机设备和场地投入，减少设备维护费用，降低供氧设备安全风险，并且加压泵为两组，一用一备，确保系统稳定运行；
3、高压氧流向集气罩，高压氧内存留的液氧在凝聚网上凝聚然后回流到冷箱内，半透膜为防水透气膜，便于高压氧流通并对液氧阻隔，实现高压氧和液氧的分离，从而确保仅有高压氧进入高压氧出管提供给用户使用；
4、每根换热管结构相同，则通过电磁阀控制换热管的启闭状态，从而能够调节换热器的换热面积，则根据需要的高压氧分量不同调节开启的换热管数量，从而使得单位流量的高压空气和液氧间换热效率可调，从而实现了压力氧气及液氧液氮产品比例可以在较大范围内变化控制，在得到压力氧的同时有效减少氧气的放散，并在得到压力氧的同时将冷量回收利用，提高经济效益，达到节能降耗的目的。
附图说明
图1为本发明系统结构示意图；
图2为本发明中冷箱处剖视结构示意图；
图3为本发明图2中A处结构放大结构示意图。
图中：1、冷箱；2、压力塔；21、上塔；22、下塔；3、液氧进入管；4、换热器；41、分散箱；42、换热管；43、集中箱；44、通孔；45、贯穿管；46、电磁阀；5、高压空气管；6、液化空气管；7、分离机构；71、集气罩；72、凝聚网；73、半透膜；8、液氧流出管；9、贮槽；10、加压泵；11、液氧泵；12、高压氧出管；13、止回阀；14、循环机；15、过滤器；16、闸阀；17、单向阀。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-3，本发明提供一种技术方案：压力氧的生产系统，包括冷箱1和压力塔2，压力塔2内腔从上到下分为上塔21和下塔22，上塔21与冷箱1一侧外壁中部连接液氧进入管3，液氧进入管3上安装液氧泵11，冷箱1的另一侧底部固定连接液氧流出管8的一端，液氧流出管8的另一端固定连接贮槽9，液氧流出管8上安装加压泵10，冷箱1内腔安装换热器4，换热器4的一端固定连接高压空气管5，高压空气管5上安装循环机14，换热器4的另一端固定连接液化空气管6的一端，液化空气管6的另一端固定连接下塔22，冷箱1的顶部固定连接高压氧出管12，冷箱1靠近高压氧出管12的内壁上固定安装分离机构7。压力塔2采用常规空分的压力蒸馏塔，其上塔液氧通过液氧泵11和液氧进入管3流入冷箱1内，循环机14将压缩后的高压空气通入换热器4内，通过换热器4使得液氧和高压空气在冷箱1内实现热交换，则液氧一部分汽化吸收热量，高压空气通过换热器4回收冷量从而液化，并通过液化空气管6流入下塔22内参与精馏，汽化产生的高压氧通过分离机构7将其中携带的液氧进行分离，从而使得纯高压氧进入高压氧出管12提供客户使用，冷箱1内未汽化的液氧通过液氧流出管8和加压泵10输送到贮槽9内存储，并且，结合冷箱1内液氧流量和高压空气流量，控制换热器4的换热面积，从而使得单位流量的高压空气和液氧间换热效率可调，从而实现了压力氧气及液氧液氮产品比例可以在较大范围内变化控制，在得到压力氧的同时有效减少氧气的放散，并在得到压力氧的同时将冷量回收利用，提高经济效益，达到节能降耗的目的。
进一步的，上塔21的底部固定安装有气化器/冷凝器，且上塔21内设有水冷管，与空分中蒸馏压力塔相同，便于对液氧、液氮等进行分离。
进一步的，液氧进入管3靠近压力塔2的一端、液化空气管6、高压氧出管12和加压泵10两端的液态氧流出管8上均安装有闸阀16，通过闸阀16控制管路的开启和闭合，便于切断管路，避免管路泄露并方便维修，高压氧出管12靠近冷箱1的一端安装有单向阀17，避免高压氧出管12的使用端空气进入冷箱1内。
进一步的，加压泵10设有两组，两组加压泵10的两端均三通管，三通管的第三端连接液氧流出管8，且三通管靠近加压泵10的一端均安装闸阀16，通过闸阀16控制两个加压泵10的连通和封闭，使得两个加压泵10一用一备，其中一个泵故障时能够对故障泵进行隔离维修，同时备用泵启动便于连续工作，提高系统的稳定性和安全性，加压泵10靠近贮槽9的一端均安装止回阀13，避免液氧回流，液氧从加压泵10后取出，带有一定的压力，能够顺利地送入贮槽9，这样就不需要担心因贮槽9过高而导致液氧无法送入贮槽9，减少氧压机设备和场地投入，减少设备维护费用，降低供氧设备安全风险。
进一步的，循环机15靠近冷箱1一端的高压空气管5上安装有止回阀13，避免高压空气放热液化后倒流，循环机15另一端的高压空气管5上安装有过滤器15，便于对高压空气进行过滤，去除杂质和灰尘，避免管路堵塞，并且高压空气管5连接空气透平压缩机，从而得到高压空气，且高压空气进入换热器4时压力为3MPa。
换热器4包括多个换热管42，多个换热管42均匀分布在冷箱1内，换热管42的一端均贯穿冷箱1的一侧侧板并固定套接分散箱41的一侧侧板，分散箱41的另一侧侧板固定套接高压空气管5，换热管42的另一端均贯穿冷箱1的另一侧侧板并固定套接集中箱43的一侧侧板，集中箱43的另一侧侧板固定套接液化空气管6，换热管42靠近分散箱41和集中箱43的一端均安装有电磁阀46，且电磁阀46位于冷箱1的外侧，冷箱1内腔处的换热管42上开有多个通孔44，通孔44内均固定套接贯穿管45，贯穿管45为中空结构，且贯穿管45的外径小于换热管42的内径，确保高压空气能够流通，则高压空气进入分散箱41后分散到多个换热管42，换热管42与液氧接触进行换热，使得高压空气也换的同时部分液氧气化，并且贯穿管45贯穿换热管42，从而减小高压空气流速，便于高压空气充分换热，且贯穿管45内部空腔能够流通液氧，从而直接对高压空气中心处进行换热，提高换热速率，高压空气液化后在集中箱43内汇流并通过液化空气管6流入下塔22进行精馏，并且，每根换热管42结构相同，则通过电磁阀46控制换热管42的启闭状态，从而能够调节换热器4的换热面积，则根据需要的高压氧分量不同调节开启的换热管42数量，从而使得单位流量的高压空气和液氧间换热效率可调，从而实现了压力氧气及液氧液氮产品比例可以在较大范围内变化控制，在得到压力氧的同时有效减少氧气的放散，并在得到压力氧的同时将冷量回收利用，提高经济效益，达到节能降耗的目的。
进一步的，换热管42均为S型结构，增大接触面积，且分散箱41位于S型上部，集中箱43位于S型下部，便于液化的空气向下流动至集中箱43内汇流，通孔44贯穿换热管42的径向，且相邻通孔44的开口朝向相互交错，便于对高压空气进行扰流减速，则交错的通孔44使得贯穿管45对不同位置的高压空气中心进行冷却换热。
分离机构7包括集气罩71，集气罩71固定安装在冷箱1的内壁上，且集气罩71端面固定连接高压氧出管12，集气罩71远离高压氧出管12的一端内壁固定安装凝聚网72，集气罩71靠近高压氧出管12的一端内壁固定安装半透膜73，集气罩71为喇叭状机构，且集气罩71的小径端固定连接高压氧出管12，凝聚网72为不锈钢网状结构，则液氧气化后产生的高压氧流向集气罩71，高压氧内存留的液氧在凝聚网72上凝聚然后回流到冷箱1内，半透膜73为防水透气膜，便于高压氧流通并对液氧阻隔，实现高压氧和液氧的分离，从而确保仅有高压氧进入高压氧出管12。
工作原理：本发明使用时，压力塔2采用常规空分的压力蒸馏塔，其上塔液氧通过液氧泵11和液氧进入管3流入冷箱1内，循环机14将压缩后的高压空气通过高压空气管5倒入分散箱41内，高压空气进入分散箱41后分散到多个换热管42，换热管42与液氧接触进行换热，使得高压空气也换的同时部分液氧气化，并且贯穿管45贯穿换热管42，从而减小高压空气流速，便于高压空气充分换热，且贯穿管45内部空腔能够流通液氧，从而直接对高压空气中心处进行换热，提高换热速率，便于高压空气快速液化，高压空气液化后在集中箱43内汇流并通过液化空气管6流入下塔22进行精馏，换热后部分液氧气化形成高压氧，高压氧流向集气罩71，高压氧内存留的液氧在凝聚网72上凝聚然后回流到冷箱1内，半透膜73为防水透气膜，便于高压氧流通并对液氧阻隔，实现高压氧和液氧的分离，从而确保仅有高压氧进入高压氧出管12提供给用户使用，剩余液氧通过液氧流出管8和加压泵10输送到贮槽9内存储，液氧从加压泵10后取出，带有一定的压力，能够顺利地送入贮槽9，这样就不需要担心因贮槽9过高而导致液氧无法送入贮槽9，减少氧压机设备和场地投入，减少设备维护费用，降低供氧设备安全风险，并且加压泵10为两组，一用一备，确保系统稳定运行，并且，每根换热管42结构相同，则通过电磁阀46控制换热管42的启闭状态，从而能够调节换热器4的换热面积，则根据需要的高压氧分量不同调节开启的换热管42数量，从而使得单位流量的高压空气和液氧间换热效率可调，从而实现了压力氧气及液氧液氮产品比例可以在较大范围内变化控制，在得到压力氧的同时有效减少氧气的放散，并在得到压力氧的同时将冷量回收利用，提高经济效益，达到节能降耗的目的。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (9)

1.压力氧的生产系统，包括冷箱(1)和压力塔(2)，其特征在于：所述压力塔(2)内腔从上到下分为上塔(21)和下塔(22)，所述上塔(21)与冷箱(1)一侧外壁中部连接液氧进入管(3)，所述液氧进入管(3)上安装液氧泵(11)，所述冷箱(1)的另一侧底部固定连接液氧流出管(8)的一端，所述液氧流出管(8)的另一端固定连接贮槽(9)，所述液氧流出管(8)上安装加压泵(10)，所述冷箱(1)内腔安装换热器(4)，所述换热器(4)的一端固定连接高压空气管(5)，所述高压空气管(5)上安装循环机(14)，所述换热器(4)的另一端固定连接液化空气管(6)的一端，所述液化空气管(6)的另一端固定连接下塔(22)，所述冷箱(1)的顶部固定连接高压氧出管(12)，所述冷箱(1)靠近高压氧出管(12)的内壁上固定安装分离机构(7)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的压力氧的生产系统，其特征在于：所述上塔(21)的底部固定安装有气化器/冷凝器，且上塔(21)内设有水冷管。
3.根据权利要求1所述的压力氧的生产系统，其特征在于：所述液氧进入管(3)靠近压力塔(2)的一端、液化空气管(6)、高压氧出管(12)和加压泵(10)两端的液态氧流出管(8)上均安装有闸阀(16)，所述高压氧出管(12)靠近冷箱(1)的一端安装有单向阀(17)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的压力氧的生产系统，其特征在于：所述加压泵(10)设有两组，两组所述加压泵(10)的两端均三通管，所述三通管的第三端连接液氧流出管(8)，且三通管靠近加压泵(10)的一端均安装闸阀(16)，所述加压泵(10)靠近贮槽(9)的一端均安装止回阀(13)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的压力氧的生产系统，其特征在于：所述循环机(15)靠近冷箱(1)一端的高压空气管(5)上安装有止回阀(13)，避免高压空气放热液化后倒流，所述循环机(15)另一端的高压空气管(5)上安装有过滤器(15)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的压力氧的生产系统，其特征在于：所述换热器(4)包括多个换热管(42)，多个所述换热管(42)均匀分布在冷箱(1)内，所述换热管(42)的一端均贯穿冷箱(1)的一侧侧板并固定套接分散箱(41)的一侧侧板，所述分散箱(41)的另一侧侧板固定套接高压空气管(5)，所述换热管(42)的另一端均贯穿冷箱(1)的另一侧侧板并固定套接集中箱(43)的一侧侧板，所述集中箱(43)的另一侧侧板固定套接液化空气管(6)，所述换热管(42)靠近分散箱(41)和集中箱(43)的一端均安装有电磁阀(46)，且电磁阀(46)位于冷箱(1)的外侧，所述冷箱(1)内腔处的换热管(42)上开有多个通孔(44)，所述通孔(44)内均固定套接贯穿管(45)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的压力氧的生产系统，其特征在于：所述换热管(42)均为S型结构，所述通孔(44)贯穿换热管(42)的径向，且相邻通孔(44)的开口朝向相互交错，所述贯穿管(45)为中空结构，且贯穿管(45)的外径小于换热管(42)的内径。
8.根据权利要求1所述的压力氧的生产系统，其特征在于：所述分离机构(7)包括集气罩(71)，所述集气罩(71)固定安装在冷箱(1)的内壁上，且集气罩(71)端面固定连接高压氧出管(12)，所述集气罩(71)远离高压氧出管(12)的一端内壁固定安装凝聚网(72)，所述集气罩(71)靠近高压氧出管(12)的一端内壁固定安装半透膜(73)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的压力氧的生产系统，其特征在于：所述集气罩(71)为喇叭状机构，且集气罩(71)的小径端固定连接高压氧出管(12)，所述凝聚网(72)为不锈钢网状结构，所述半透膜(73)为防水透气膜。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113405316A (zh) * 2021-06-01 2021-09-17 开封迪尔空分实业有限公司 一种实现空分设备快速冷却的主冷方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113405316A (zh) * 2021-06-01 2021-09-17 开封迪尔空分实业有限公司 一种实现空分设备快速冷却的主冷方法

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