CN112065431B - Symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method - Google Patents
Symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method, which comprises the following steps: step 1: constructing a middle hole (1) of the triple arch tunnel; and 2, step: after the first secondary lining (15) of the middle hole (1) reaches the design strength, constructing a first side hole (2) on one side of the middle hole (1); and 3, step 3: constructing a second side hole (3) on the other side of the middle hole (1); the second side hole (3), the middle hole (1) and the first side hole are sequentially connected to form a triple arch tunnel, and the second side hole (3) and the first side hole are symmetrical about the line central line of the middle hole (1) to form a symmetrical triple arch tunnel structure. The invention can effectively reduce the construction cost, accelerate the construction progress, ensure the quality and safety of the construction process, strictly control the surface settlement and reduce the disturbance to the periphery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel construction method, in particular to a construction method of an asymmetric multi-curve double-arch tunnel.
Background
In the tunnel engineering of subways, highways, railways, pipe galleries and the like and similar construction processes thereof, the section forms are complex and changeable, such as symmetrical double arch tunnels, asymmetrical double arch tunnels, symmetrical triple arch tunnels, asymmetrical triple arch tunnels and the like. In the tunnel construction of the prior art, the new Austrian method construction is usually adopted, and refers to a construction method which combines an anchor rod and sprayed concrete together as a main supporting means, and the construction sequence is as follows: excavation → primary support → secondary support. However, in the actual construction process, under the influence of factors such as a tunnel structure, a geological structure, a construction step and the like, if a safe and reliable construction method is not used, quality accidents such as over excavation, leakage and the like in the construction process can be caused, and even potential safety hazards such as collapse and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method, which can effectively reduce construction cost, accelerate construction progress, ensure quality and safety of a construction process, strictly control surface settlement and reduce disturbance to the periphery.
The invention is realized in the following way:
a symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a middle hole of the three-arch tunnel;
step 2: after the first secondary lining of the middle hole reaches the design strength, constructing a first side hole at one side of the middle hole;
and step 3: constructing a second side hole on the other side of the middle hole;
the second side hole, the middle hole and the first side hole are sequentially connected to form a triple arch tunnel, and the second side hole and the first side hole are symmetrical about the line center line of the middle hole to form a symmetrical triple arch tunnel structure.
The middle hole is constructed by a step method, and the upper step and the lower step are staggered by 3-5 m.
The step 1 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 1.1: a first advance anchor rod support of a middle hole is arranged, and an upper step of the middle hole is excavated;
step 1.2: constructing an upper step primary support of the middle hole, and driving a locking pin anchor rod;
step 1.3: excavating a lower step of the middle tunnel, and constructing a lower step primary support of the middle tunnel;
The upper step primary support and the lower step primary support form a closed-loop structure as a first primary support structure of the middle hole;
step 1.4: and constructing a waterproof layer of the middle hole and pouring a first secondary lining.
The step 2 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2.1: the first side hole is divided into a plurality of hole bodies which are arranged in a matrix mode, the hole bodies are vertically symmetrical about the center of the section of the first side hole, and the hole bodies are bilaterally symmetrical about the center of the section of the first side hole;
step 2.2: a plurality of holes are made in sequence, and the making sequence of the holes is as follows: firstly, constructing a hole body far away from the middle hole, namely a first far hole body, and then constructing a hole body at the side part of the middle hole, namely a first near hole body; when the first far hole body is constructed, firstly constructing a hole body positioned at the upper part of the first far hole body, and then constructing a hole body positioned at the lower part of the first far hole body; similarly, when the first near hole body is constructed, the hole body positioned at the upper part of the first near hole body is constructed firstly, and then the hole body positioned at the lower part of the first near hole body is constructed;
step 2.3: laying an inverted arch waterproof plate of the first side hole, constructing a second secondary lining, and dismantling a primary supporting structure positioned in the first side hole; the construction steps of the second secondary lining are as follows: and firstly, constructing a secondary lining at the lower part of the first side hole, and then constructing a secondary lining at the upper part of the first side hole to form a second secondary lining of a closed-loop structure.
The step 2.2 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2.2.1: a second advance anchor bolt support of the first far-hole body is arranged, and a hole body A located at the upper part of the first far-hole body is excavated;
step 2.2.2: constructing a first hole body primary support and a middle partition wall of the hole body A, and driving a foot locking anchor rod;
step 2.2.3: a hole body B positioned at the lower part of the first far hole body is excavated downwards;
step 2.2.4: constructing a second hole body primary support and a middle partition wall of the hole body B, and driving a foot locking anchor rod;
step 2.2.5: a third advanced anchor rod support of the first near-hole body is arranged;
step 2.2.6: excavating a hole body C positioned at the upper part of the first near hole body, and constructing a third hole body primary support and a middle partition wall of the hole body C;
step 2.2.7: and (5) downwards excavating a hole body D positioned at the lower part of the first near hole body, and constructing a fourth hole body primary support and a middle partition wall of the hole body D.
In the step 2.2.5, the third advance anchor bolt support and the second advance anchor bolt support form a continuous advance anchor bolt support structure of the first side cave;
in the step 2.2.6, a closed loop structure is formed on the primary support of the third hole body and the partition wall thereof as well as one side of the primary support of the first hole body and the partition wall thereof as well as the primary support of the upper step, and is used as a primary support structure of the hole body C; the hole body C and the hole body B are staggered by 5 m;
In the step 2.2.7, a closed loop structure is formed on one side of the fourth hole body primary support and the partition wall thereof, the second hole body primary support and the partition wall thereof, the third hole body primary support and the partition wall thereof, and the lower step primary support, and the closed loop structure is used as a primary support structure of the hole body D.
The step 3 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: the second side hole is divided into a plurality of hole bodies which are arranged in a matrix mode, the hole bodies are vertically symmetrical about the center of the section of the second side hole, and the hole bodies are bilaterally symmetrical about the center of the section of the second side hole;
step 3.2: a plurality of holes are made in sequence, and the making sequence of the holes is as follows: firstly, constructing a hole body far away from the middle hole, namely a second far hole body, and then constructing a hole body at the side part of the middle hole, namely a second near hole body; when the second far hole body is constructed, firstly constructing the hole body positioned at the upper part of the second far hole body, and then constructing the hole body positioned at the lower part of the second far hole body; similarly, when the second near hole body is constructed, the hole body positioned at the upper part of the second near hole body is constructed firstly, and then the hole body positioned at the lower part of the second near hole body is constructed;
step 3.3: laying an inverted arch waterproof plate of a second side hole, constructing a third secondary lining, and dismantling a primary supporting structure positioned in the second side hole; the construction steps of the third secondary lining are as follows: and firstly, constructing a secondary lining at the lower part of the second side hole, and then constructing a secondary lining at the upper part of the second side hole to form a third secondary lining of a closed-loop structure.
The step 3.2 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.2.1: a fourth advanced anchor bolt support of the second far-hole body is arranged, the fourth advanced anchor bolt support and the third advanced anchor bolt support form a continuous anchor bolt support structure, and a hole body E located at the upper part of the second far-hole body is excavated;
step 3.2.2: constructing a fifth hole body primary support and a middle partition wall of the hole body E, and driving a foot locking anchor rod;
step 3.2.3: a hole body F positioned at the lower part of the second far hole body is excavated downwards;
step 3.2.4: constructing a sixth hole body primary support and a middle partition wall of the hole body F, and driving a foot locking anchor rod;
step 3.2.5: a fifth advanced anchor rod support of the second near hole body is arranged;
step 3.2.6: excavating a hole body G positioned at the upper part of the second near hole body, and constructing a seventh hole body primary support and a middle partition wall of the hole body G;
step 3.2.7: and (5) downwards excavating a hole body H positioned at the lower part of the second near hole body, and constructing an eighth hole body primary support and a middle partition wall of the hole body H.
In step 3.2.5, the fifth leading bolt support and the fourth leading bolt support form a continuous leading bolt support structure of the second side hole;
in the step 3.2.6, the seventh hole primary support and the partition wall thereof, the third hole primary support and the partition wall thereof, the fifth hole primary support and the partition wall thereof, and the other side of the upper step primary support form a closed loop structure as a primary support structure of the hole G; the hole body G and the hole body F are staggered by 5 m;
In the step 3.2.7, a closed loop structure is formed on the other side of the eighth hole primary support and the bulkhead thereof, the fourth hole primary support and the bulkhead thereof, the sixth hole primary support and the bulkhead thereof, the seventh hole primary support and the bulkhead thereof, and the lower step primary support, as a primary support structure of the hole H.
The lock foot stock squeeze into two rows, the length of single lock foot stock is 3 m.
The construction process is optimized on the basis of following the construction principle of the new Austrian method, the construction cost can be effectively reduced, the construction progress is accelerated, the quality and the safety of the construction process are ensured, the ground surface settlement is strictly controlled, the disturbance to the periphery is reduced, and the method is suitable for the underground excavation construction of tunnel projects such as subways, highways, railways, pipe galleries and the like in a similar section form.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a construction section of the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an excavation section diagram of a middle hole in the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a construction section of a middle hole in the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an excavation section of a tunnel body A in the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention;
FIG. 5 is an excavation section diagram of a tunnel body B in the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an excavation section view of a tunnel body C in the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an excavation section view of a tunnel body D in the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a construction section view of a second secondary lining in the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention;
fig. 9 is a construction section view of a second side hole in the symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of the invention.
In the figure: 1 middle hole, 11 first forepoling, 12 upper-step preliminary support, 13 lower-step preliminary support, 14-pin bolting, 15 first secondary lining, 2 first side hole, 21 first far hole body, 211 second forepoling, 212 first hole body preliminary support and its middle bulkhead, 213 second hole body preliminary support and its middle bulkhead, 22 first near hole body, 221 third forepoling, 222 third hole body preliminary support and its middle bulkhead, 223 fourth hole body preliminary support and its middle bulkhead, 23 second secondary lining, 3 second side hole, 31 second far hole body, 311 fourth forepoling, 312 fifth hole body preliminary support and its middle bulkhead, 313 sixth hole body preliminary support and its middle bulkhead, 32 second near hole body, 321 fifth forepoling, 322 seventh hole body preliminary support and its middle bulkhead, 323 eighth hole body preliminary support and its middle bulkhead, 33 third forelining.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, an excavation method of a symmetrical triple arch tunnel includes the following steps:
referring to fig. 2 and 3, step 1: and constructing a middle hole 1 of the triple arch tunnel.
Preferably, the middle tunnel 1 can be constructed by adopting a step method in the prior art, and when the middle tunnel 1 is constructed, large tunnel connecting nodes are reserved at corresponding positions of an arch part and a bottom part of the middle tunnel in time so as to ensure that the stress of the upper part can be effectively transmitted.
Preferably, when the middle hole 1 is constructed by the step method, the upper step and the lower step are staggered by 3-5 m.
Step 1.1: and (3) drilling a first advance anchor rod support 11 of the middle hole 1, and excavating an upper step of the middle hole 1.
Step 1.2: an upper step primary support 12 of the middle hole 1 is constructed, and a locking pin anchor rod 14 is driven in.
Preferably, the foot bolts 14 can be driven in two rows, and the length of a single foot bolt 14 is 3 m.
Step 1.3: and excavating the lower step of the middle tunnel 1, and constructing a lower step primary support 13 of the middle tunnel 1.
The upper-step primary support 12 and the lower-step primary support 13 form a closed-loop structure as a first primary support structure of the middle hole 1.
Step 1.4: and constructing a waterproof layer of the middle hole 1, pouring a first secondary lining 15, and removing the locking pin anchor rod 14 when pouring the first secondary lining 15.
Referring to fig. 4 to 8, step 2: and after the first secondary lining 15 of the middle hole 1 reaches the designed strength, constructing the first side hole 2 on one side of the middle hole 1. Preferably, the first lateral cave 2 can be constructed by a double-lateral-wall pit guiding method in the prior art.
Step 2.1: the first side cave 2 is divided into a plurality of cave bodies which are arranged in a matrix, the cave bodies are approximately symmetrical up and down relative to the center of the section of the first side cave 2, and the cave bodies are approximately symmetrical left and right relative to the center of the section of the first side cave 2.
Step 2.2: a plurality of holes are made in sequence, and the making sequence of the holes is as follows: a hole body far away from the middle hole 1, namely a first far hole body 21, is manufactured, and then a hole body at the side part of the middle hole 1, namely a first near hole body 22, is manufactured. When the first distal hole 21 is formed, a hole (marked as A) located at the upper part of the first distal hole 21 is formed first, and then a hole (marked as B) located at the lower part of the first distal hole 21 is formed. Similarly, when forming the first proximal hole 22, a hole (labeled as "C") is formed in the upper portion of the first proximal hole 22, and then a hole (labeled as "D") is formed in the lower portion of the first proximal hole 22.
Step 2.2.1: and (3) constructing a second advanced anchor support 211 of the first far hole body 21, and excavating a hole body A positioned at the upper part of the first far hole body 21.
Step 2.2.2: and constructing a first hole primary support of the hole A and a middle partition wall 212 thereof, and driving the locking pin anchor rod 14.
Step 2.2.3: a hole body B at the lower part of the first far hole body 21 is dug downwards.
Step 2.2.4: and constructing a secondary hole primary support of the hole body B and a middle partition wall 213 thereof, and driving a locking pin anchor rod 14.
Step 2.2.5: and (3) driving a third advance anchor bolt support 221 of the first near-hole body 22, wherein the third advance anchor bolt support 221 and the second advance anchor bolt support 211 form a continuous advance anchor bolt support structure of the first side hole 2.
Step 2.2.6: and excavating a hole body C positioned at the upper part of the first near hole body 22, and constructing a third hole body primary support and a middle partition 222 of the hole body C.
The third hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 222 thereof, the first hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 212 thereof and one side of the upper-step primary support 12 form a closed-loop structure as a primary support structure of the hole C.
The hole body C and the hole body B are staggered by 5 m.
Preferably, the hole body C can be excavated by weak blasting.
Step 2.2.7: and (3) downwards excavating a hole body D positioned at the lower part of the first near hole body 22, and constructing a fourth hole body primary support and a middle partition 223 of the hole body D.
And the fourth hole body primary support and the middle partition 223 thereof, the second hole body primary support and the middle partition 213 thereof, the third hole body primary support and the middle partition 222 thereof and one side of the lower step primary support 13 form a closed loop structure as a primary support structure of the hole body D.
Step 2.3: laying an inverted arch waterproof board of the first side hole 2, constructing a second secondary lining 23, and dismantling a primary supporting structure positioned in the first side hole 2. The second secondary lining 23 is applied by the steps of: and (3) constructing a secondary lining at the lower part of the first side cave 2, and then constructing a secondary lining at the upper part of the first side cave 2 to form a second secondary lining 23 with a closed-loop structure.
And when the second secondary lining 23 is constructed, the foot-locking anchor rod 14 between the hole body B and the hole body D is dismantled.
Please refer to fig. 9, step 3: and forming a second side hole 3 on the other side of the middle hole 1. The second side hole 3, the middle hole 1 and the first side hole are sequentially connected to form a triple arch tunnel, and the second side hole 3 and the first side hole are symmetrical about the line central line of the middle hole 1 to form a symmetrical triple arch tunnel structure.
Step 3.1: the second side hole 3 is divided into a plurality of holes arranged in a matrix, the holes are approximately symmetrical up and down about the center of the section of the second side hole 3, and the holes are approximately symmetrical left and right about the center of the section of the second side hole 3.
Step 3.2: a plurality of holes are made in sequence, and the making sequence of the holes is as follows: a hole body far away from the middle hole 1, namely a second far hole body 31, is manufactured, and then a hole body at the side part of the middle hole 1, namely a second near hole body 32, is manufactured. When the second distal hole 31 is formed, a hole (labeled as E) located at the upper portion of the second distal hole 31 is formed first, and then a hole (labeled as F) located at the lower portion of the second distal hole 31 is formed. Similarly, when forming the second proximal hole 32, a hole (labeled G) is formed in the upper portion of the second proximal hole 32, and then a hole (labeled H) is formed in the lower portion of the second proximal hole 32.
Step 3.2.1: and (3) constructing a fourth advanced anchor support 311 of the second far-hole body 31, forming a continuous anchor support structure by the fourth advanced anchor support 311 and the third advanced anchor support 221, and excavating a hole body E positioned at the upper part of the second far-hole body 31.
Step 3.2.2: and constructing a fifth hole primary support of the hole body E and a middle partition wall 312, and driving the locking pin anchor rod 14.
Step 3.2.3: a hole body F at the lower part of the second far hole body 31 is dug downwards.
Step 3.2.4: and constructing a sixth hole primary support of the hole body F and a middle partition wall 313 thereof, and driving a locking pin anchor rod 14.
Step 3.2.5: and (3) drilling a fifth advance anchor bolt support 321 of the second near-hole body 32, wherein the fifth advance anchor bolt support 321 and the fourth advance anchor bolt support 311 form a continuous advance anchor bolt support structure of the second side hole 3.
Step 3.2.6: and excavating a hole body G positioned at the upper part of the second near hole body 32, and constructing a seventh hole body primary support and a middle partition 322 of the hole body G.
And the seventh hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 322 thereof, the third hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 222 thereof, the fifth hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 312 thereof and the other side of the upper-step primary support 12 form a closed-loop structure as a primary support structure of the hole G.
The hole body G and the hole body F are staggered by 5 m.
Preferably, the hole body G can be excavated by weak blasting.
Step 3.2.7: and (5) downwards excavating a hole body H positioned at the lower part of the second near hole body 32, and constructing an eighth hole body primary support of the hole body H and a middle partition wall 323 thereof.
And the other sides of the eighth hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 323 thereof, the fourth hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 223 thereof, the sixth hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 313 thereof, the seventh hole primary support and the middle bulkhead 322 thereof and the lower step primary support 13 form a closed loop structure as a primary support structure of the hole H.
Step 3.3: laying an inverted arch waterproof plate of the second side hole 3, constructing a third secondary lining 33, and dismantling a primary supporting structure positioned in the second side hole 3. The third secondary lining 33 is implemented by the following steps: and (3) constructing a secondary lining at the lower part of the second side hole 3, and then constructing a secondary lining at the upper part of the second side hole 3 to form a third secondary lining 33 with a closed-loop structure.
And when the third secondary lining 33 is constructed, the foot-locking anchor rod 14 between the hole body F and the hole body H is dismantled.
Example 1:
a crossing line section is arranged at a position of about 100m close to a station of a subway interval tunnel in a certain city, the total length of the crossing line section is about 20m, the cross section of the tunnel is a symmetrical three-arch tunnel which is divided into a left part, a middle part and a right part for construction, the middle part 1 is constructed by adopting a step method, and big holes at two sides, namely a first side hole 2 and a second side hole 3 are constructed by adopting a CRD method. According to the overall construction sequence of the tunnel, firstly, a middle hole 1 is constructed by adopting a step method, a first primary supporting structure of the middle hole 1 is constructed in time to form a first secondary lining 15, then a first side hole 2 on one side is excavated by adopting a CRD method, and arch feet of the first side hole 2 are buckled on the arch crown and the arch bottom of the formed middle hole 1. And after the excavation of the first side cave 2 is finished, a second secondary lining 23 is constructed in time, then the second side cave 3 at the other side is symmetrically excavated, a third secondary lining 33 is constructed, and finally the whole structure is closed into a ring.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a middle hole (1) of the three-arch tunnel;
step 2: after the first secondary lining (15) of the middle tunnel (1) reaches the design strength, constructing a first side tunnel (2) on one side of the middle tunnel (1);
the step 2 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2.1: the first side cave (2) is divided into a plurality of cave bodies which are arranged in a matrix, the cave bodies are vertically symmetrical about the center of the section of the first side cave (2), and the cave bodies are horizontally symmetrical about the center of the section of the first side cave (2);
step 2.2: a plurality of holes are made in sequence, and the making sequence of the holes is as follows: firstly, constructing a hole body far away from the middle hole (1), namely a first far hole body (21), and then constructing a hole body at the side part of the middle hole (1), namely a first near hole body (22); when the first far hole body (21) is manufactured, firstly, a hole body positioned at the upper part of the first far hole body (21) is manufactured, and then, a hole body positioned at the lower part of the first far hole body (21) is manufactured; similarly, when the first near hole body (22) is manufactured, a hole body positioned at the upper part of the first near hole body (22) is manufactured firstly, and then a hole body positioned at the lower part of the first near hole body (22) is manufactured; the step 2.2 comprises the following sub-steps:
Step 2.2.1: a second advance anchor rod support (211) of the first far-away hole body (21) is arranged, and a hole body A located at the upper part of the first far-away hole body (21) is excavated;
step 2.2.2: constructing a first hole body primary support and a middle partition wall (212) of the hole body A, and driving a locking pin anchor rod (14);
step 2.2.3: a hole body B positioned at the lower part of the first far hole body (21) is excavated downwards;
step 2.2.4: constructing a second hole body primary support and a middle partition wall (213) of the hole body B, and driving a locking pin anchor rod (14);
step 2.2.5: a third advance anchor rod support (221) of the first near hole body (22) is arranged;
step 2.2.6: excavating a hole body C positioned at the upper part of the first near hole body (22), and constructing a third hole body primary support and a middle partition wall (222) of the hole body C;
step 2.2.7: a hole body D positioned at the lower part of the first near hole body (22) is excavated downwards, and a fourth hole body primary support and a middle partition wall (223) of the hole body D are constructed;
step 2.3: laying an inverted arch waterproof plate of the first side tunnel (2), constructing a second secondary lining (23), and dismantling a primary supporting structure positioned in the first side tunnel (2); the second secondary lining (23) is implemented by the following steps: firstly, secondary lining on the lower part of the first side cave (2) is constructed, and then secondary lining on the upper part of the first side cave (2) is constructed to form a second secondary lining (23) with a closed-loop structure;
And 3, step 3: constructing a second side hole (3) on the other side of the middle hole (1);
the second side hole (3), the middle hole (1) and the first side hole are sequentially connected to form a triple arch tunnel, and the second side hole (3) and the first side hole are symmetrical relative to the line center line of the middle hole (1) to form a symmetrical triple arch tunnel structure.
2. The symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method according to claim 1, wherein: the middle hole (1) is constructed by adopting a step method, and the upper step and the lower step are staggered by 3-5 m.
3. The symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method according to claim 1, wherein: the step 1 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 1.1: a first advance anchor rod support (11) of the middle hole (1) is arranged, and an upper step of the middle hole (1) is excavated;
step 1.2: constructing an upper step primary support (12) of the middle hole (1), and driving a foot locking anchor rod (14);
step 1.3: excavating a lower step of the middle tunnel (1), and constructing a lower step primary support (13) of the middle tunnel (1);
the upper step primary support (12) and the lower step primary support (13) form a closed-loop structure as a first primary support structure of the middle hole (1);
step 1.4: and (3) constructing a waterproof layer of the middle hole (1) and pouring a first secondary lining (15).
4. The symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2.2.5, the third advance bolt support (221) and the second advance bolt support (211) form a continuous advance bolt support structure of the first side hole (2);
in the step 2.2.6, a closed loop structure is formed on one side of the primary support of the third hole body and the middle partition wall (222), the primary support of the first hole body and the middle partition wall (212) and the primary support (12) of the upper step to serve as a primary support structure of the hole body C; the hole body C and the hole body B are staggered by 5 m;
in the step 2.2.7, a closed loop structure is formed on one side of the fourth hole primary support and the middle partition wall (223), the second hole primary support and the middle partition wall (213), the third hole primary support and the middle partition wall (222) and one side of the lower step primary support (13) to serve as a primary support structure of the hole D.
5. The symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of claim 1, wherein: the step 3 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: the second side cave (3) is divided into a plurality of cave bodies which are arranged in a matrix, the cave bodies are vertically symmetrical about the center of the section of the second side cave (3), and the cave bodies are horizontally symmetrical about the center of the section of the second side cave (3);
Step 3.2: constructing a plurality of holes in sequence, wherein the constructing sequence of the plurality of holes is as follows: firstly, a hole body far away from the middle hole (1), namely a second far hole body (31), is manufactured, and then a hole body at the side part of the middle hole (1), namely a second near hole body (32), is manufactured; when the second far hole body (31) is manufactured, firstly manufacturing a hole body positioned at the upper part of the second far hole body (31), and then manufacturing a hole body positioned at the lower part of the second far hole body (31); similarly, when the second near hole body (32) is manufactured, a hole body positioned at the upper part of the second near hole body (32) is manufactured firstly, and then a hole body positioned at the lower part of the second near hole body (32) is manufactured;
the step 3.2 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.2.1: a fourth advance anchor rod support (311) of the second far-hole body (31) is arranged, and a hole body E located at the upper part of the second far-hole body (31) is excavated;
step 3.2.2: constructing a fifth hole primary support and a middle partition wall (312) of the hole body E, and driving a locking pin anchor rod (14);
step 3.2.3: a hole body F positioned at the lower part of the second far hole body (31) is excavated downwards;
step 3.2.4: constructing a sixth hole body primary support and a middle partition wall (313) of the hole body F, and driving a locking pin anchor rod (14);
step 3.2.5: a fifth advance anchor bolt support (321) of the second near hole body (32) is arranged;
step 3.2.6: excavating a hole body G positioned at the upper part of the second near hole body (32), and constructing a seventh hole body primary support and a middle partition wall (322) of the hole body G;
Step 3.2.7: a hole body H positioned at the lower part of the second near hole body (32) is excavated downwards, and an eighth hole body primary support and a middle partition wall (323) of the hole body H are constructed; step 3.3: laying an inverted arch waterproof plate of the second side tunnel (3), constructing a third secondary lining (33), and dismantling a primary supporting structure positioned in the second side tunnel (3); the third secondary lining (33) is applied by the steps of: and firstly, performing secondary lining on the lower part of the second side cave (3), and then performing secondary lining on the upper part of the second side cave (3) to form a third secondary lining (33) with a closed-loop structure.
6. The symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of claim 5, wherein: in the step 3.2.5, the fifth leading anchor support (321) and the fourth leading anchor support (311) form a continuous leading anchor support structure of the second side hole (3);
in the step 3.2.6, the seventh hole primary support and the middle bulkhead (322) thereof, the third hole primary support and the middle bulkhead (222) thereof, the fifth hole primary support and the middle bulkhead (312) thereof and the other side of the upper step primary support (12) form a closed loop structure as a primary support structure of the hole G; the hole body G and the hole body F are staggered by 5 m;
in the step 3.2.7, the eighth hole primary support and the middle partition wall (323) thereof, the fourth hole primary support and the middle partition wall (223) thereof, the sixth hole primary support and the middle partition wall (313) thereof, the seventh hole primary support and the middle partition wall (322) thereof and the other side of the lower step primary support (13) form a closed loop structure as a primary support structure of the hole H.
7. The symmetrical triple arch tunnel excavation method of claim 1, 3 or 5, wherein: the foot-locking anchor rods (14) are driven into two rows, and the length of each foot-locking anchor rod (14) is 3 m.
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