CN112064573A - Construction method of ecological seawall - Google Patents
Construction method of ecological seawall Download PDFInfo
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- CN112064573A CN112064573A CN202010791812.8A CN202010791812A CN112064573A CN 112064573 A CN112064573 A CN 112064573A CN 202010791812 A CN202010791812 A CN 202010791812A CN 112064573 A CN112064573 A CN 112064573A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 240000002044 Rhizophora apiculata Species 0.000 claims abstract 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 claims description 39
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000047339 Salicornia brachystachya Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000308760 Helichrysum petiolatum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 235000003042 Salicornia europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of an ecological seawall, which comprises the following steps: 1) the construction method comprises the following steps of artificial coral reef layer construction, 2) first transition layer construction, 3) salt marsh layer construction, 4) second transition layer construction, 5) mangrove planting layer construction and 6) slope protection surface construction. The invention is not only beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the ecological seawall, but also can provide a habitat environment for aquatic animals, improve the diversity of organisms of the ecological seawall, and greatly reduce the direct scouring of the seawall by seawater through the primary blocking of the seawater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of an ecological seawall.
Background
The seawall prevents ocean disasters, guarantees life and property safety, and simultaneously causes the problems of loss or fragmentation of the coastal wetland, reduction of biodiversity, weakening of moisture absorption function, weakening of water quality purification capacity and the like. The ecological seawall is a composite ecological system which meets the protection requirement of marine disasters, simulates the structure and the ecological process of a coastal ecological system, has ecological functions and aesthetic values, has the functions of resisting storm surge and water rise, resisting sea wave erosion, preventing water and soil loss, maintaining biological diversity, improving water quality and the like, and mainly comprises three systems of offshore slope protection, a sea-direction shoal and a seawall dyke body.
The seawall in the prior art has the advantages of single structure, less biological diversity, easy water and soil loss and poor anti-scouring capability due to the seawater scouring of the straight surface of the seawall.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a technical scheme of a construction method of an ecological seawall aiming at the defects in the prior art, which is not only beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the ecological seawall, but also can provide a habitat environment for aquatic animals, improves the diversity of organisms of the ecological seawall, and greatly reduces the direct scouring of the seawall by seawater through primary blocking of the seawater.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of an ecological seawall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) construction of artificial coral reef layer
a. Firstly, the whole seawall is measured and lofted according to the length of the upstream surface of the seawall, the construction positions of an artificial coral reef layer, a first transition layer, a salt marsh layer, a second transition layer, a mangrove planting layer and a slope protection surface are determined, and marks are made in sequence, so that the construction precision of the whole ecological seawall is improved, and the attractiveness of the whole seawall is improved;
b. then, pipe piles are vertically inserted into one side, far away from a shoreline, of the marked position of the artificial coral reef layer, the pipe piles are uniformly distributed along the mark, a water baffle is arranged between every two adjacent pipe piles, and the water baffle is fixedly connected with the sea wall along the two ends until the construction position required by the sea wall is completely installed, so that the seawater in a construction area can be drained, the normal operation of the construction of the sea wall is ensured, and the construction quality and the stability of the whole sea wall are improved;
c. then, water between the sea wall and the water baffle is pumped out through a water pump, the water is excavated along one side of the water baffle according to construction drawings by an excavator, the excavated depth is the planting depth required by the artificial coral reef layer, and the artificial coral reef layer is leveled, so that the planting of the coral reef is facilitated, a perching environment can be provided for aquatic animals, and the diversity of organisms of the ecological sea wall is improved;
d. finally, manufacturing corresponding coral reefs according to the laying area of the artificial coral reef layer, and sequentially laying the processed coral reefs to the artificial coral reef layer for fixing;
this construction step on artificial coral reef layer is simple, not only is favorable to improving the stability and the reliability on artificial coral reef layer, can provide the environment of perching for aquatic animal moreover, improves the variety of ecological seawall biology.
2) First transition layer construction
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to a mark of a first transition layer, excavating by an excavator to form a slope surface, sequentially and equidistantly arranging steps along the slope surface from top to bottom, ensuring that the height and the width of each step are equal, pouring concrete with the thickness of 5-10 cm, uniformly arranging through holes along the height direction of each step after the concrete reaches a set strength, and stopping partial seawater by the steps when the flowing speed of the seawater is increased and the seawall is greatly impacted, slowing down the scouring of water flow to the embankment and improving the stability and the reliability of the ecological seawall;
b. then determining the size of the flow guide assembly according to the height and the inclined length of each step, manufacturing a corresponding flow guide assembly, sequentially mounting the flow guide assembly on each step, and enabling the steps on the first transition layer to form a complete slope surface under the condition of small water flow through the design of the flow guide assembly, so that the water flow can directly flow upwards;
c. then, downward excavation is carried out along the top of the salt marsh gas layer to form an inclined cavity, concrete is poured on the inner wall of the inclined cavity, a corresponding boosting assembly is manufactured at the same time, after the concrete reaches a set strength, the boosting assembly is placed into the inclined cavity to be fixed, the boosting assembly is connected with the flow guide assembly, the flow guide assembly can be driven to work through the boosting assembly, when the water flow is small, the flow guide assembly on the slope surface forms a complete inclined plane to guide the water flow, when the water flow is large, the flow guide assembly on the inclined plane is attached to the step under the action of the boosting assembly, the water flow is blocked through the step, and the scouring of the water flow to the sea wall is slowed down;
d. finally, the top of the cavity is sealed, and a connecting pipe on the boosting assembly is exposed outside so as to be conveniently connected with an external hydraulic device;
the construction method of the first transition layer is simple in steps, not only can be used for blocking part of seawater, slowing down the erosion of water flow to the embankment and improving the stability and reliability of the ecological seawall, but also can be used for guiding the water flow.
3) Construction of salt marsh layer
a. Firstly, backfilling sandy soil in the saline marsh gas layer until the backfilled sandy soil is flush with the top end of the first transition layer, vertically pouring a retaining wall with the height of 30-50 cm along the top end, close to the first transition layer, of the saline marsh gas layer, and blocking the sandy soil in the saline marsh gas layer through the design of the retaining wall, so that the loss of the sandy soil caused by the ebb of seawater is reduced;
b. then halophytes are uniformly planted in the saline marsh layer, and the halophytes can block water flow to a certain extent, so that the impact of the water flow on the seawall is reduced;
the construction steps of the salt marsh gas layer are simple, plants can be planted, the attractiveness of the ecological seawall is improved, a certain blocking effect on water flow can be achieved, and the scouring of the water flow on the seawall is slowed down.
4) Second transition layer construction
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to the mark of the second transition layer, excavating by using an excavator to form a slope surface, sequentially and equidistantly arranging steps along the slope surface from top to bottom, ensuring that the height and the width of each step are equal, pouring concrete with the thickness of 5-10 cm, uniformly arranging through holes along the height direction of each step after the concrete reaches a set strength, wherein the steps on the second transition layer can secondarily block water flow, and when the flow speed of seawater is increased and the seawall is greatly impacted, part of seawater can be blocked by the steps, so that the scouring of the water flow to the embankment is slowed down, and the stability and the reliability of the ecological seawall are improved;
b. then determining the size of the flow guide assembly according to the height and the inclined length of each step, manufacturing a corresponding flow guide assembly, sequentially mounting the flow guide assembly on each step, and enabling the steps on the second transition layer to form a complete slope surface under the condition of small water flow through the design of the flow guide assembly, so that the water flow can directly flow upwards;
c. then, downward excavation is carried out along the top of the mangrove planting layer to form an inclined cavity, concrete is poured on the inner wall of the inclined cavity, a corresponding boosting assembly is manufactured at the same time, after the concrete reaches a set strength, the boosting assembly is placed into the inclined cavity to be fixed, the boosting assembly is connected with the flow guide assembly, the flow guide assembly can be driven to work through the boosting assembly, when the water flow is small, the flow guide assembly on the slope surface forms a complete inclined plane to guide the water flow, when the water flow is large, the flow guide assembly on the inclined plane is attached to the step under the action of the boosting assembly, the water flow is blocked through the step, and the scouring of the water flow to the sea wall is slowed down;
d. finally, the top of the cavity is sealed, and a connecting pipe on the boosting assembly is exposed outside so as to be conveniently connected with an external hydraulic device;
the construction method of the second transition layer is simple in steps, not only can block part of seawater, slow down the erosion of water flow to the embankment and improve the stability and reliability of the ecological seawall, but also can guide the water flow.
5) Mangrove planting layer construction
a. Firstly, backfilling sandy soil of a mangrove forest planting layer, leveling the mangrove forest planting layer, and uniformly forming planting holes in the mangrove forest planting layer;
b. selecting corresponding mangrove seedlings, fixing the mangrove seedlings on the planting assemblies through clay, then placing the planting assemblies into corresponding planting holes for fixing, connecting two adjacent planting assemblies through fixed rods after all the mangrove seedlings are planted, and backfilling the clay;
c. then, pouring seawater in the mangrove forest planting layer for maintenance;
this mangrove planting layer's construction step is simple, has not only improved the survival rate of mangrove seedling, is favorable to improving the stability on whole mangrove planting layer moreover, reduces soil erosion and water loss, prolongs the life of seawall.
6) Slope protection surface construction
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to the mark of the slope protection surface, excavating by an excavator to form a slope surface, leveling the whole slope surface, and pouring a concrete layer on the slope surface;
b. then determining the installation position of the wave-blocking assembly on the slope according to design requirements, marking a construction area on a concrete layer of the slope, drilling a limiting groove, removing clay in the limiting groove, and pouring the concrete layer;
c. then, manufacturing a corresponding wave blocking assembly according to design requirements, installing the wave blocking assembly in the limiting groove, and through the design of the wave blocking assembly, not only can the sea water be blocked, the impact force of the sea water on the seawall is relieved, the service life of the seawall is prolonged, but also the seawall can be protected;
d. at last, the guardrail is installed on the top of the slope protection surface, a hydraulic device is installed on the top of the slope protection surface, the hydraulic device is connected with the connecting pipes on the first transition layer and the second transition layer through pipelines, the water baffle and the tubular pile on one side of the artificial coral reef layer are removed simultaneously, the boosting assembly on the first transition layer and the second transition layer can be controlled through the hydraulic device, and the control on the angle of the diversion assembly is met when different water flow sizes are achieved.
The construction method of the slope protection surface has simple steps, not only can improve the stability and the reliability of the whole seawall, but also can reduce the impact force of water flow on the slope protection surface.
Further, the water conservancy diversion subassembly includes first guide plate, second guide plate and balancing piece, the top of second guide plate is rotated and is connected on the step, be provided with the draw-in groove on the first guide plate, second guide plate swing joint is in the draw-in groove, be provided with the backup pad on the trailing flank of first guide plate, the symmetry is provided with the spout in the backup pad, the balancing piece passes through slider swing joint in the spout, it is connected with the turning block to rotate on the balancing piece, the boosting subassembly is connected to the turning block, drive balancing piece horizontal migration through the boosting subassembly, and then can promote first guide plate and realize rotating along second guide plate in horizontal migration, be convenient for carry out the water conservancy diversion to rivers, the draw-in groove has improved the stability and the reliability of removing between first guide plate and the second guide plate.
Furthermore, the boosting assembly comprises a first hydraulic cylinder, a first piston rod, a boosting plate and a boosting rod, the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected in the inclined cavity, the rotating block is connected with the boosting plate through the boosting rod, the boosting plate is connected with the first hydraulic cylinder through the first piston rod, the first piston rod is driven to horizontally move through the first hydraulic cylinder, and then the corresponding boosting rod is pushed to move through each boosting plate, so that the corresponding flow guide assembly is pushed, and a linkage effect is achieved.
Further, two adjacent boosting boards are parallel to each other, and through connecting rod fixed connection between two adjacent boosting boards, the connecting rod has improved the stability and the reliability of connecting between the boosting board, guarantees that each water conservancy diversion subassembly can link up.
Further, the halophyte is Salicornia europaea, Helichrysum decipiens or Salicornia europaea.
Further, plant the subassembly including planting the sleeve, plant and be provided with the planting hole in the sleeve, evenly be provided with the screw hole on planting telescopic outer circumference side, plant the hole and be used for planting halophyte, connect the screw hole at both ends through the threaded rod, can realize two adjacent fixed connection of planting between the sleeve.
Furthermore, keep off unrestrained subassembly and include second hydraulic cylinder, second piston rod and keep off unrestrained piece, second hydraulic cylinder fixed connection is at the spacing inslot, keeps off unrestrained piece and passes through the second piston rod and connect the second hydraulic cylinder, keeps off unrestrained piece and spacing groove phase-match, can drive through the second piston rod through the second hydraulic cylinder and keep off unrestrained piece horizontal migration, realizes keeping off unrestrained piece and stretches out or retract the spacing inslot, is convenient for block rivers as required.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the wave blocking block is uniformly provided with the balls, and the design of the balls is convenient for the horizontal movement of the wave blocking block.
Furthermore, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the wave blocking block, the design of the arc-shaped groove can enable the seawater below to change the flowing direction through the arc-shaped groove and impact the seawater on the rear side of the upper portion, and direct scouring of the seawater on a seawall is reduced.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. this construction step on artificial coral reef layer is simple, not only is favorable to improving the stability and the reliability on artificial coral reef layer, can provide the environment of perching for aquatic animal moreover, improves the variety of ecological seawall biology.
2. The construction method of the first transition layer is simple in steps, not only can be used for blocking part of seawater, slowing down the erosion of water flow to the embankment and improving the stability and reliability of the ecological seawall, but also can be used for guiding the water flow.
3. The construction steps of the salt marsh gas layer are simple, plants can be planted, the attractiveness of the ecological seawall is improved, a certain blocking effect on water flow can be achieved, and the scouring of the water flow on the seawall is slowed down.
4. The construction method of the second transition layer is simple in steps, not only can block part of seawater, slow down the erosion of water flow to the embankment and improve the stability and reliability of the ecological seawall, but also can guide the water flow.
5. This mangrove planting layer's construction step is simple, has not only improved the survival rate of mangrove seedling, is favorable to improving the stability on whole mangrove planting layer moreover, reduces soil erosion and water loss, prolongs the life of seawall.
6. The construction method of the slope protection surface has simple steps, not only can improve the stability and the reliability of the whole seawall, but also can reduce the impact force of water flow on the slope protection surface.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a seawall in the construction method of an ecological seawall according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first transition layer and a second transition layer in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the flow guide assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first baffle according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a planting assembly of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the wave deflector assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-artificial coral reef layer; 2-a first transition layer; 3-salt marsh layer; 4-a second transition layer; 5-mangrove planting layer; 6-slope protection; 7-guard bar; 8-a flow guide assembly; 9-step; 10-a boosting plate; 11-push rod; 12-a connecting rod; 13-a first hydraulic cylinder; 14-a first piston rod; 15-a first baffle; 16-a second baffle; 17-a support plate; 18-a balance weight; 19-a turning block; 20-a card slot; 21-a chute; 22-a slide block; 23-planting the sleeve; 24-planting holes; 25-a threaded hole; 26-a limit groove; 27-wave blocking block; 28-second hydraulic cylinder; 29-a second piston rod; 30-a ball bearing; 31-arc-shaped groove.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, and in the drawings, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the construction method of an ecological seawall according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
1) construction of artificial coral reef layer 1
a. Firstly, the whole sea wall is measured and lofted according to the length of the upstream surface of the sea wall, the construction positions of an artificial coral reef layer 1, a first transition layer 2, a salt marsh layer 3, a second transition layer 4, a mangrove planting layer 5 and a slope protection surface 6 are determined, and marks are sequentially made, so that the construction precision of the whole ecological sea wall is improved, and meanwhile, the attractiveness of the whole sea wall is improved;
b. then, pipe piles are vertically inserted into one side, far away from a shoreline, of the marked position of the artificial coral reef layer 1, the pipe piles are uniformly distributed along the mark, a water baffle is installed between every two adjacent pipe piles until the installation of the construction position required by the sea wall is finished, the water baffles and the sea wall are fixedly connected along the two ends, the seawater in the construction area can be drained conveniently, the normal operation of the sea wall construction is ensured, and meanwhile, the construction quality and the stability of the whole sea wall are improved;
c. then, water between the sea wall and the water baffle is pumped by a water pump, and the sea wall is excavated along one side of the water baffle according to construction drawings by an excavator, wherein the excavated depth is the planting depth required by the artificial coral reef layer 1, and the artificial coral reef layer 1 is leveled, so that the planting of the coral reef is facilitated, a perching environment can be provided for aquatic animals, and the diversity of organisms of the ecological sea wall is improved;
d. finally, manufacturing corresponding coral reefs according to the laying area of the artificial coral reef layer 1, and sequentially laying the processed coral reefs to the artificial coral reef layer 1 for fixing;
this artificial coral reef layer 1's construction step is simple, not only is favorable to improving artificial coral reef layer 1's stability and reliability, can provide the environment of perching for aquatic animal moreover, improves ecological seawall biological variety.
2) Construction of the first transition layer 2
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to the mark of the first transition layer 2, excavating by using an excavator to form a slope surface, sequentially arranging steps 9 at equal intervals along the slope surface from top to bottom, ensuring that the height and the width of each step 9 are equal, pouring concrete with the thickness of 5-10 cm, uniformly arranging through holes along the height direction of each step 9 after the concrete reaches a set strength, and stopping partial seawater by the steps 9 when the flowing speed of seawater is increased and the seawall is greatly impacted, slowing down the scouring of water flow to the embankment and improving the stability and the reliability of the ecological seawall;
b. then, the size of the flow guide assembly 8 is determined according to the height and the inclined length of each step 9, the corresponding flow guide assembly 8 is manufactured, the flow guide assembly 8 is sequentially installed on each step 9, and the steps 9 on the first transition layer 2 can form a complete slope surface under the condition of small water flow through the design of the flow guide assembly 8, so that the water flow can directly flow upwards;
c. then, the salt marsh gas layer 3 is excavated downwards along the top to form an inclined cavity, concrete is poured on the inner wall of the inclined cavity, a corresponding boosting assembly is manufactured at the same time, after the concrete reaches a set strength, the boosting assembly is placed into the inclined cavity to be fixed, the boosting assembly is connected with the flow guide assembly 8, the flow guide assembly 8 can be driven to work through the boosting assembly, when the water flow is small, the flow guide assembly 8 on the slope forms a complete inclined plane to guide the water flow, when the water flow is large, the flow guide assembly 8 on the inclined plane is attached to the step 9 under the action of the boosting assembly, the water flow is blocked through the step 9, and the scouring of the water flow to the sea wall is slowed down;
d. finally, the top of the cavity is sealed, and a connecting pipe on the boosting assembly is exposed outside so as to be conveniently connected with an external hydraulic device;
the flow guide assembly 8 comprises a first flow guide plate 15, a second flow guide plate 16 and a balance block 18, the top end of the second flow guide plate 16 is rotatably connected on the step 9, a clamping groove 20 is arranged on the first flow guide plate 15, the second flow guide plate 16 is movably connected in the clamping groove 20, a supporting plate 17 is arranged on the rear side surface of the first flow guide plate 15, sliding grooves 21 are symmetrically arranged on the supporting plate 17, the balance block 18 is movably connected in the sliding grooves 21 through a sliding block 22, a rotating block 19 is rotatably connected on the balance block 18, the rotating block 19 is connected with a boosting assembly, the balance block 18 is driven to horizontally move through the boosting assembly, and then can promote first guide plate 15 to realize rotating along second guide plate 16 in horizontal migration, be convenient for carry out the water conservancy diversion to rivers, draw-in groove 20 has improved the stability and the reliability of removing between first guide plate 15 and the second guide plate 16, and balancing piece 18 can remove along spout 21.
The boosting assembly comprises a first hydraulic cylinder 13, a first piston rod 14, a boosting plate 10 and a boosting rod 11, the first hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected in an inclined cavity, a rotating block 19 is connected with the boosting plate 10 through the boosting rod 11, the boosting plate 10 is connected with the first hydraulic cylinder 13 through the first piston rod 14, the first hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the first piston rod 14 to horizontally move, and then the corresponding boosting rod 11 is pushed to move through each boosting plate 10, so that the corresponding flow guide assembly 8 is pushed, and a linkage effect is achieved. Two adjacent boosting boards 10 are parallel to each other, and are fixedly connected through connecting rod 12 between two adjacent boosting boards 10, and connecting rod 12 has improved the stability and the reliability of connecting between boosting boards 10, guarantees that each water conservancy diversion subassembly 8 can link.
The construction method of the first transition layer 2 is simple in steps, can block part of seawater, slow down the erosion of water flow to the embankment, improve the stability and reliability of the ecological seawall, and can guide the water flow.
3) Construction of salt marsh layer 3
a. Firstly, backfilling sandy soil in the saline marsh layer 3 until the backfilled sandy soil is flush with the top end of the first transition layer 2, vertically pouring a retaining wall with the height of 30-50 cm along the top end, close to the first transition layer 2, of the saline marsh layer 3, and blocking the sandy soil in the saline marsh layer 3 through the design of the retaining wall, so that loss of the sandy soil caused by seawater ebb is reduced;
b. then halophytes are uniformly planted in the saline marsh layer 3, and the halophytes can block water flow to a certain extent, so that the impact of the water flow on the seawall is reduced; the halophyte is Salicornia Herbacea, Lacca and Salicornia Herbacea.
The construction steps of the salt marsh layer 3 are simple, plants can be planted, the attractiveness of the ecological seawall is improved, a certain blocking effect on water flow can be achieved, and the scouring of the water flow on the seawall is slowed down.
4) Construction of the second transition layer 4
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to the mark of the second transition layer 4, excavating by using an excavator to form a slope surface, sequentially arranging steps 9 at equal intervals along the slope surface from top to bottom, ensuring that the height and the width of each step 9 are equal, pouring concrete with the thickness of 5-10 cm, uniformly arranging through holes along the height direction of each step 9 after the concrete reaches a set strength, blocking water flow for the second time by the steps 9 on the second transition layer 4, blocking partial seawater by the steps 9 when the flow speed of seawater is increased and the seawall is greatly impacted, slowing down the erosion of the water flow to the embankment, and improving the stability and the reliability of the ecological seawall;
b. then, the size of the flow guide assembly 8 is determined according to the height and the inclined length of each step 9, the corresponding flow guide assembly 8 is manufactured, the flow guide assembly 8 is sequentially installed on each step 9, and the steps 9 on the second transition layer 4 can form a complete slope surface under the condition of small water flow through the design of the flow guide assembly 8, so that the water flow can directly flow upwards;
c. then, downward excavation is carried out along the top of the mangrove planting layer 5 to form an inclined cavity, concrete is poured on the inner wall of the inclined cavity, a corresponding boosting assembly is manufactured at the same time, after the concrete reaches a set strength, the boosting assembly is placed into the inclined cavity to be fixed, the boosting assembly is connected with the flow guide assembly 8, the flow guide assembly 8 can be driven to work through the boosting assembly, when the water flow is small, the flow guide assembly 8 on the slope forms a complete inclined plane to guide the water flow, when the water flow is large, the flow guide assembly 8 on the inclined plane is attached to the step 9 under the action of the boosting assembly, the water flow is blocked through the step 9, and the scouring of the water flow to the sea wall is slowed down;
d. finally, the top of the cavity is sealed, and a connecting pipe on the boosting assembly is exposed outside so as to be conveniently connected with an external hydraulic device;
the construction method of the second transition layer 4 is simple in steps, not only can block part of seawater and slow down the erosion of water flow to the embankment, but also can improve the stability and reliability of the ecological seawall and can guide the water flow.
5) Mangrove planting layer 5 construction
a. Firstly, backfilling sandy soil of the mangrove planting layer 5, leveling the mangrove planting layer, and uniformly forming planting holes 24 in the mangrove planting layer 5;
b. then selecting corresponding mangrove seedlings, fixing the mangrove seedlings on the planting assemblies through clay, then placing the planting assemblies into the corresponding planting holes 24 for fixing, connecting the two adjacent planting assemblies through fixed rods after all the mangrove seedlings are planted, and backfilling the clay; the planting assembly comprises a planting sleeve 23, a planting hole 24 is formed in the planting sleeve 23, threaded holes 25 are evenly formed in the outer circumferential side face of the planting sleeve 23, the planting hole 24 is used for planting halophytes, and the threaded holes 25 at two ends are connected through threaded rods, so that two adjacent planting sleeves 23 can be fixedly connected.
c. Then, pouring seawater into the mangrove forest planting layer 5 for maintenance;
this mangrove planting layer 5's construction step is simple, has not only improved the survival rate of mangrove seedling, is favorable to improving whole mangrove planting layer 5's stability moreover, reduces soil erosion and water loss, prolongs the life of seawall.
6) Construction of slope protection surface 6
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to the mark of the slope protection surface 6, excavating by using an excavator to form a slope surface, leveling the whole slope surface, and pouring a concrete layer on the slope surface;
b. then, determining the installation position of the wave-blocking assembly on the slope according to design requirements, marking a construction area on a concrete layer of the slope, drilling a limiting groove 26, removing clay in the limiting groove 26, and pouring the concrete layer;
c. then, corresponding wave blocking components are manufactured according to design requirements, and are installed in the limiting grooves 26, so that the sea water can be blocked, the impact force of the sea water on the seawall is relieved, the service life of the seawall is prolonged, and the seawall can be protected through the design of the wave blocking components; keep off unrestrained subassembly and include second hydraulic cylinder 28, second piston rod 29 and keep off unrestrained piece 27, second hydraulic cylinder 28 fixed connection is in spacing groove 26, keep off unrestrained piece 27 and connect second hydraulic cylinder 28 through second piston rod 29, keep off unrestrained piece 27 and spacing groove 26 phase-match, can drive through second piston rod 29 through second hydraulic cylinder 28 and keep off unrestrained piece 27 horizontal migration, realize keeping off unrestrained piece 27 and stretch out or retract spacing groove 26 in, be convenient for block rivers as required. The bottom surface of the wave-blocking block 27 is uniformly provided with the balls 30, and the design of the balls 30 is convenient for the horizontal movement of the wave-blocking block 27. The wave blocking block 27 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 31, and the design of the arc-shaped groove 31 can enable the seawater below to change the flowing direction through the arc-shaped groove 31 and impact the water flow coming from the rear side above, so that the direct scouring of the water flow to the seawall is reduced.
d. At last guardrail 7 is installed on the top of slope protection face 6, and install hydraulic means on the top of slope protection face 6, be connected hydraulic means through the connecting pipe on pipeline and first transition layer 2 and the second transition layer 4, demolish breakwater and the tubular pile of 1 one side on artifical coral reef layer simultaneously, can control the boosting subassembly on first transition layer 2 and the second transition layer 4 through hydraulic means, satisfy the control to 8 angles of water conservancy diversion subassembly when different rivers sizes.
The construction method of the slope protection surface 6 is simple in steps, not only can the stability and reliability of the whole sea wall be improved, but also the impact force of water flow on the slope protection surface 6 can be reduced.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple variations, equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the present invention to achieve substantially the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A construction method of an ecological seawall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) construction of artificial coral reef layer
a. Firstly, measuring and lofting the whole sea wall according to the length of the upstream surface of the sea wall, determining the construction positions of an artificial coral reef layer, a first transition layer, a salt marsh layer, a second transition layer, a mangrove planting layer and a slope protection surface, and marking in sequence;
b. then vertically inserting the pipe piles along one side of the marked position of the artificial coral reef layer, which is far away from the coastline, wherein the pipe piles are uniformly distributed along the mark, installing a water baffle between every two adjacent pipe piles until the installation of the construction position required by the sea wall is finished, and fixedly connecting the water baffle with the sea wall along the two ends;
c. then, water between the sea wall and the water baffle is pumped out through a water pump, and the sea wall is excavated along one side of the water baffle according to construction drawings by an excavator, wherein the excavation depth is the planting depth required by the artificial coral reef layer, and the artificial coral reef layer is leveled;
d. finally, manufacturing corresponding coral reefs according to the laying area of the artificial coral reef layer, and sequentially laying the processed coral reefs to the artificial coral reef layer for fixing;
2) first transition layer construction
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to the mark of a first transition layer, excavating by using an excavator to form a slope surface, sequentially arranging steps at equal intervals along the slope surface from top to bottom, ensuring that the height and the width of each step are equal, pouring concrete with the thickness of 5-10 cm, and uniformly arranging through holes along the height direction of each step after the concrete reaches a set strength;
b. then determining the size of the flow guide assembly according to the height and the inclined length of each step, manufacturing a corresponding flow guide assembly, and sequentially mounting the flow guide assembly on each step;
c. then, downward excavation is carried out along the top of the salt marsh gas layer to form an inclined cavity, concrete is poured on the inner wall of the inclined cavity, a corresponding boosting assembly is manufactured at the same time, and after the concrete reaches a set strength, the boosting assembly is placed into the inclined cavity to be fixed, so that the boosting assembly is connected with the flow guide assembly;
d. finally, the top of the cavity is closed, and a connecting pipe on the boosting assembly is exposed outside;
3) construction of salt marsh layer
a. Firstly, backfilling sandy soil in the salt marsh gas layer until the sandy soil is flush with the top end of the first transition layer, and vertically pouring a retaining wall with the height of 30-50 cm along the top end, close to the first transition layer, of the salt marsh gas layer;
b. then, halophytes are uniformly planted in the saline marsh layer;
4) second transition layer construction
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to the mark of the second transition layer, excavating by using an excavator to form a slope surface, sequentially arranging steps at equal intervals along the slope surface from top to bottom, ensuring that the height and the width of each step are equal, pouring concrete with the thickness of 5-10 cm, and uniformly arranging through holes along the height direction of each step after the concrete reaches a set strength;
b. then determining the size of the flow guide assembly according to the height and the inclined length of each step, manufacturing a corresponding flow guide assembly, and sequentially mounting the flow guide assembly on each step;
c. then, downwards excavating along the top of the mangrove forest planting layer to form an inclined cavity, pouring concrete on the inner wall of the inclined cavity, simultaneously manufacturing a corresponding boosting assembly, and after the concrete reaches a set strength, putting the boosting assembly into the inclined cavity for fixing so as to connect the boosting assembly with the flow guide assembly;
d. finally, the top of the cavity is closed, and a connecting pipe on the boosting assembly is exposed outside;
5) mangrove planting layer construction
a. Firstly, backfilling sandy soil of a mangrove forest planting layer, leveling the mangrove forest planting layer, and uniformly forming planting holes in the mangrove forest planting layer;
b. selecting corresponding mangrove seedlings, fixing the mangrove seedlings on the planting assemblies through clay, then placing the planting assemblies into corresponding planting holes for fixing, connecting two adjacent planting assemblies through fixed rods after all the mangrove seedlings are planted, and backfilling the clay;
c. then, pouring seawater in the mangrove forest planting layer for maintenance;
6) slope protection surface construction
a. Firstly, determining a corresponding construction area according to the mark of the slope protection surface, excavating by an excavator to form a slope surface, leveling the whole slope surface, and pouring a concrete layer on the slope surface;
b. then determining the installation position of the wave-blocking assembly on the slope according to design requirements, marking a construction area on a concrete layer of the slope, drilling a limiting groove, removing clay in the limiting groove, and pouring the concrete layer;
c. then manufacturing a corresponding wave blocking assembly according to design requirements, and installing the wave blocking assembly in the limiting groove;
d. and finally, installing a guardrail on the top of the slope protection surface, installing a hydraulic device on the top of the slope protection surface, connecting the hydraulic device with a connecting pipe on the first transition layer and the second transition layer through a pipeline, and removing the water baffle and the tubular pile on one side of the artificial coral reef layer.
2. The construction method of an ecological seawall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flow guide assembly comprises a first flow guide plate, a second flow guide plate and a balance block, the top end of the second flow guide plate is rotatably connected to the step, a clamping groove is formed in the first flow guide plate, the second flow guide plate is movably connected to the inside of the clamping groove, a supporting plate is arranged on the rear side face of the first flow guide plate, sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the supporting plate, the balance block is movably connected to the inside of the sliding groove through a sliding block, a rotating block is rotatably connected to the balance block, and the rotating block is connected to the boosting assembly.
3. The construction method of an ecological seawall as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the boosting assembly comprises a first hydraulic cylinder, a first piston rod, a boosting plate and a boosting rod, the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected in the inclined cavity, the rotating block is connected with the boosting plate through the boosting rod, and the boosting plate is connected with the first hydraulic cylinder through the first piston rod.
4. The construction method of an ecological seawall as claimed in claim 3, wherein: two adjacent boosting boards are arranged in parallel, and two adjacent boosting boards are fixedly connected through a connecting rod.
5. The construction method of an ecological seawall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the halophyte is Salicornia herbacea, Helichrysum decipiens or Salicornia Herbacea.
6. The construction method of an ecological seawall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the planting assembly comprises a planting sleeve, planting holes are formed in the planting sleeve, and threaded holes are uniformly formed in the outer circumferential side face of the planting sleeve.
7. The construction method of an ecological seawall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wave blocking assembly comprises a second hydraulic cylinder, a second piston rod and a wave blocking block, the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected in the limiting groove, the wave blocking block is connected with the second hydraulic cylinder through the second piston rod, and the wave blocking block is matched with the limiting groove.
8. The construction method of an ecological seawall as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and the bottom surface of the wave blocking block is uniformly provided with balls.
9. The construction method of an ecological seawall as claimed in claim 7, wherein: an arc-shaped groove is formed in the wave blocking block.
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