CN112056036A - Method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting - Google Patents
Method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
A soil improvement method for cherry tomato planting comprises the steps of soil area surveying, soil sampling detection, deep ploughing and insolation, soil disinfection, green manure planting, fertility improvement and secondary sampling detection; the soil disinfectant comprises one of carbendazim, calcium cyanamide, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb, the bio-organic fertilizer in the fertilization improvement step comprises bacillus subtilis, paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus laterosporus, straws, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium humate, cow dung, bean pulp and fruit peel, the microbial agent in the fertilization improvement step comprises trichoderma harzianum, paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus laterosporus and a culture medium, and the soil modifier comprises oyster shell powder, a nano porous mineral repairing agent, walnut shell powder and seaweed. The advantages are as follows: the improvement period is short, the salinization, acidification and organic matter reduction conditions can be improved, and the continuous planting requirement of cherry tomatoes can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting soil improvement, in particular to a soil improvement method for cherry tomato planting.
Background
Cherry tomato, also called small tomato, cherry tomato, etc. can be used as vegetable and fruit, and the vitamin content is 1.7 times of that of common tomato. The cherry tomato is an annual herbaceous plant of the tomato genus of the Solanaceae family, has strong adaptability and good resistance, is fond of potassium fertilizer and light, has more requirements on water, preferably has the relative air humidity of 45-50 percent, and can be cultivated all the year round in China. Because the appearance is exquisite and lovely, the sugar content is very high, the taste is fragrant, sweet and delicious, and the flavor is unique and is widely loved by consumers. The geographical environment and the temperature climate of Hainan are very suitable for planting the cherry tomatoes, so that Hainan becomes a cherry tomato planting base. Continuous cropping is carried out along with long-term continuous cropping planting, the problems of soil acidification, low organic matter content, nutrient unbalance, continuous cropping obstacle and the like can occur, effective soil improvement is needed to promote the sustainable development of the industry, the soil quality is improved, and a solid foundation is laid for planting high-quality green pollution-free agricultural products, promoting the sustainable development of the industry and improving the safety of the agricultural ecological environment.
The technical period of planting soil improvement in the prior art is long, and continuous cropping planting of cherry tomatoes is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
A method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting comprises the following steps:
surveying the soil area: verifying and recording the position and the area of the soil to be improved;
soil sampling and detecting: establishing a detection archive library and recording detection data of soil sampling;
deep ploughing and insolation: selecting a rainy and sunny day, adopting a plurality of devices for simultaneous cultivation, wherein the machine cultivation depth is 40-50 cm, and the insolation time is 10-15 days;
soil disinfection: after the soil deep ploughing and insolation is finished, spreading a soil disinfectant into the soil for water diversion irrigation, continuously submerging a water layer with the thickness of 4-7 cm in a field for 7-15 days, or uniformly spreading the soil disinfectant mixed with fine soil and then ploughing, or uniformly spreading the soil disinfectant and green manure seeds and then ploughing; the liquid medicine is infiltrated into the deep layer of the soil to kill germs in the soil;
planting green manure: uniformly broadcasting green manure seeds in each mu of land, and turning over and returning the green manure seeds to the field after the green manure seeds naturally grow for about 20-60 days after emergence of seedlings;
and (3) fertilizing improvement: before land preparation and ridging, applying a biological organic fertilizer, a microbial agent and a soil conditioner to each mu of land, and synchronously performing the operation processes and applying the biological organic fertilizer, the microbial agent and the soil conditioner as base fertilizers;
secondary sampling detection: and recording the secondary soil sampling detection data, comparing the secondary soil sampling detection data with the pre-improvement data recorded in the archive library, and evaluating the soil improvement effect.
Preferably, the soil improvement method for cherry tomato planting comprises the step of using the soil disinfectant to improve cherry tomato planting, wherein the soil disinfectant comprises one of carbendazim, calcium cyanamide, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb, and the soil disinfectant is 0.8-1.5 kg per mu of land.
Preferably, in the method for improving the soil for cherry tomato planting, the bio-organic fertilizer in the fertilizing and improving step comprises bacillus subtilis, paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus laterosporus and other components, wherein the mass ratio is as follows: 0.2-10 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 0.02-2 hundred million/g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 0.02-2 hundred million/g of bacillus laterosporus and the balance of other nutrient components.
Preferably, the method for improving the soil for cherry tomato planting comprises the following other nutritional ingredients, by mass: 15-25 parts of straw, 0.5-1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 10-15 parts of potassium humate, 5-8 parts of plant ash and 10-20 parts of fruit peel.
Preferably, in the method for improving the soil for cherry tomato planting, the microbial agent in the fertilizing and improving step comprises trichoderma harzianum, paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus laterosporus and a culture medium, wherein the mass ratio of the microbial agent to the culture medium is as follows: 0.2-10 hundred million/g trichoderma harzianum, 0.02-3 hundred million/g paecilomyces lilacinus, 0.02-10 hundred million/g bacillus laterosporus and the balance of culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises 50-60 parts of peat soil, 5-10 parts of starch, 10-15 parts of wheat bran and 10-20 parts of bamboo powder.
Preferably, in the method for improving the soil for cherry tomato planting, the soil conditioner in the fertilizing and improving step comprises 30-70% of oyster shell powder, 10-20% of a nano porous mineral restoration agent, 7-20% of walnut shell powder and 7-15% of seaweed.
Preferably, the method for improving the soil for cherry tomato planting comprises the steps of using 800-2000 kg of the biological organic fertilizer per mu of land, using 3-10 kg of the microbial agent and using 90-200 kg of the soil conditioner.
Preferably, in the method for improving the soil for cherry tomato planting, the green manure in the green manure planting step is sesbania, and the amount of the green manure is about 3.8-6.5 kg of seeds per mu.
Preferably, in the method for improving the soil for cherry tomato planting, the parameters detected and recorded in the soil sampling detection include one or more of the pH value, organic matters, alkaline-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, total mercury content, total arsenic content, total lead content, total cadmium content and total chromium content.
The cherry tomato belongs to solanaceae, the soil improvement method is also suitable for pepper, potato, tobacco and the like in the same genus, and can be used for improving soil for planting other crops under the condition of changing the types and the using amounts of soil disinfectant, bio-organic fertilizer, microbial agent and soil conditioner.
The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the invention.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation case is as follows:
method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting
1. Land area surveying: the project area is located in a cherry tomato planting base covering villages and committees such as Wushan mountains, wonderful sceneries, octoxinus and the like in a light slope town of the Lingshui county, and the area is about 1 ten thousand mu; the east longitude is between 110.0487 degrees and 110.1201 degrees, and the north latitude is between 18.5425 degrees and 18.5856 degrees; the soil belongs to southern wet plain landform, the soil type is rice soil, and the soil layer is thick. The early project areas are mainly planted with cherry tomatoes, melons and vegetables and rice.
2. Soil sampling and detection: detection and soil evaluation method
1) Soil index detection method
The detection is carried out by adopting a method specified by national standards or industry standards, and the specific method is shown in table 1.
2) Soil pH and fertility evaluation method
The soil pH grading standard (table 2) and the nutrient content abundance and deficiency state (table 3) are determined according to the soil nutrient grading standard for the second general survey of soil across the country and the Hainan soil.
TABLE 2 soil pH grading Standard
| Index (I) | Level 1 | Stage 2 | Grade 3 | 4 stage | Grade 5 | Grade 6 |
| pH | 6.5～7.0 | 6.0～6.5 | 5.5～6.0 | 5.0～5.5 | 4.5～5.0 | ＜4.5 |
TABLE 3 grading Standard for abundance and deficiency of soil nutrients
| Index of nutrient | Lack of | Medium and high grade | Rich in |
| Organic matter/(g/kg) | ＜10 | 10～30 | ＞30 |
| Hydrolyzable Nitrogen/(mg/kg) | ＜60 | 60～120 | ＞120 |
| Available phosphorus/(mg/kg) | ＜5 | 5～20 | ＞20 |
| Quick-acting potassium/(mg/kg) | ＜50 | 50～150 | ＞150 |
3) Soil pollution condition evaluation method
The soil heavy metal pollution condition evaluation adopts a single factor index method, namely, the production area pollution is determined when one sample has a heavy metal exceeding standard. The individual soil safety assessment reference values are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 reference value for safety assessment of soil in producing area (mg/kg, total amount) of edible agricultural products
4) Analysis of soil test results before improvement
According to the requirements of technical regulations on soil testing and formulated fertilization, 103 soil mixed samples are collected in a project area, the soil samples are tested and assayed by a method specified by national standards or industrial standards, and the detection data are subjected to mathematical statistical analysis. The specific results are shown in Table 5 below.
TABLE 5 descriptive statistical analysis of soil test results
| Minimum value | Maximum value | Mean value of | Standard deviation of | Coefficient of variation/%) | |
| pH | 4.4 | 7 | 5.46 | 0.55 | 10.07 |
| Organic matter g/kg | 5.3 | 27 | 15.05 | 4.09 | 27.18 |
| Hydrolyzable nitrogen mg/kg | 36 | 158 | 81.81 | 21.51 | 26.29 |
| Effective phosphorus mg/kg | 3.3 | 215 | 62.57 | 41.47 | 66.27 |
| Quick-acting potassium mg/kg | 36 | 464 | 138.98 | 80.98 | 58.26 |
| Total cadmium mg/kg | 0.014 | 0.135 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 43.88 |
| Total chromium mg/kg | 7.4 | 85.8 | 33.65 | 14.12 | 41.96 |
| Total mercury mg/kg | 0.0072 | 0.332 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 77.71 |
| Total lead mg/kg | 5 | 52.7 | 22.57 | 7.54 | 33.39 |
| Total arsenic mg/kg | 0.48 | 4.62 | 1.53 | 0.77 | 50.51 |
4-1) analysis of soil pH and fertility
Analysis of soil pH
The results of 103 soil pH tests show that the variation range is 4.4-7.0, and the average value is 5.46; the number of 1-grade samples is 6, and the proportion is 5.83%; the number of 2-grade samples is 14, and the proportion is 13.59%; the number of 3-grade samples is 24, and the proportion is 23.30%; the number of 4-grade samples is 33, and the proportion is 32.04%; the number of 5-grade samples is 25, and the proportion is 24.27%; the number of 6 grades of samples is 1, and the ratio is 0.97%. The soil in the project area is acid, which is not beneficial to the growth of crops (cherry tomatoes).
Analysis of organic matter in soil
The organic content test results of 103 soil mixed samples found that the content varied within the range of 5.3-27.0g/kg, the average content was 15.05g/kg, and the level was moderately low. The results of the abundance analysis show that: the number of samples with the lack of organic matter content is 11, and the proportion is 10.68%; the number of samples with medium organic content was 92, accounting for 89.32%.
Analysis of soil hydrolyzable nitrogen
The test results of the content of the hydrolyzable nitrogen of 103 soil mixed samples found that the content of the hydrolyzable nitrogen varies within the range of 36-158mg/kg, the average content is 81.81mg/kg, and the level is moderate and low. The results of the abundance analysis show that: the number of samples with deficient content of hydrolyzable nitrogen is 14, accounting for 13.59%; the number of samples with moderate content of hydrolyzable nitrogen is 87, and the percentage is 84.46%; the number of samples with abundant content is 2, and the ratio is 1.94%.
Analysis of available phosphorus in soil
The effective phosphorus content of 103 soil mixed samples is tested, and the content of the soil mixed samples is found to be varied within the range of 3.3-215mg/kg, the average content is 62.57mg/kg, and the content is at a rich level. The results of the abundance analysis show that: the number of samples with deficient available phosphorus content is 2, and the proportion is 1.94%; the number of samples with medium available phosphorus content is 14, and the proportion is 13.59%; the number of abundant samples was 87, which accounted for 84.46%. The paddy field in the project area is rich in phosphorus content, and the application of phosphate fertilizer is closely concerned when the growth of crops is carried out.
Fast-acting potassium analysis of soil
The quick-acting potassium content test results of 103 soil mixed samples found that the content of the soil mixed samples varied within the range of 36-464mg/kg, and the average content was 138.98mg/kg, which is on the middle level. The results of the abundance analysis show that: the number of samples with insufficient quick-acting potassium content is 5, and accounts for 4.85%; the number of samples with medium quick-acting potassium content is 65, and the proportion is 63.11%; the number of samples with abundant content is 33, and accounts for 32.04%.
4-2) analysis of heavy Metal contamination status
According to the 'evaluation standard of environment quality of producing areas of edible agricultural products', it is found that 103 soil samples collected in a project area have no heavy metal pollution condition, and all 5 heavy metals do not exceed the limit value. The soil is cleaner, and the heavy metal does not exceed the standard.
3. Deep ploughing and insolation: selecting a rainy and sunny day, adopting a plurality of tractors to cultivate simultaneously, finishing within 12 days, wherein the depth of tractor cultivation is 45 cm, and the insolation time is 12 days;
4. soil disinfection: if good drainage and irrigation conditions are provided, after the soil deep ploughing and insolation work is finished, water diversion and irrigation are started, during irrigation, soil disinfectant is mixed in a water inlet, so that the pesticide liquid permeates into the deep layer of the soil, germs in the soil are killed, the situation that each land of the field is submerged by a water layer with the thickness of 5 cm and the water is not dry is continuously kept for 12 days. If the irrigation can not be conducted, the pesticide is mixed with a certain proportion of fine soil or the pesticide is mixed with the green manure seeds evenly and then is applied and turned over;
5. planting green manure: the selected variety is sesbania, has strong nitrogen fixation capacity and is suitable for Hainan planting. The method comprises the following specific operations: sowing 5 kilograms of seeds uniformly in each mu of land, naturally growing for about 30 or 50 days after seedling emergence, and turning over and returning the seeds to the field;
6. and (3) fertilizing improvement: 1000 kilograms or 1300 kilograms of biological organic fertilizer, 3 kilograms or 5 kilograms of microbial agent and 100 kilograms or 130 kilograms or 150 kilograms of soil conditioner are applied to each mu of land, and the operation process is carried out synchronously. And normally plowing, harrowing and soil preparation can be carried out after the fertilization is finished. The method comprises the following specific operations: before cherry tomatoes are planted, namely before land preparation and ridging, applying base fertilizer;
7. sampling and detecting again: and (5) evaluating the effect after soil improvement.
After the improvement is carried out, the same soil mixed sample is collected at the same point (the same longitude and latitude) and is subjected to test analysis. The specific results are shown in Table 6 below.
TABLE 6 descriptive statistical analysis of soil test results
| Minimum value | Maximum value | Mean value of | Standard deviation of | Coefficient of variation/%) | |
| pH | 4.65 | 7.07 | 5.69 | 0.46 | 8.16 |
| Organic matter g/kg | 5.5 | 30.7 | 16.8 | 4.69 | 27.92 |
| Hydrolyzable nitrogen mg/kg | 48 | 205 | 90.88 | 26.06 | 28.68 |
| Effective phosphorus mg/kg | 4.4 | 212.9 | 71.34 | 42.83 | 60.04 |
| Quick-acting potassium mg/kg | 47 | 465 | 149.62 | 75.11 | 50.20 |
| Total cadmium mg/kg | 0.013 | 0.131 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 42.35 |
| Total chromium mg/kg | 7.5 | 83.3 | 34.61 | 12.85 | 37.13 |
| Total mercury mg/kg | 0.0077 | 0.3445 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 78.18 |
| Total lead mg/kg | 5.42 | 46.26 | 21.56 | 7.00 | 32.46 |
| Total arsenic mg/kg | 0.47 | 4.36 | 1.52 | 0.75 | 49.48 |
1) Soil pH and fertility analysis
Analysis of soil pH
The change range of the soil pH value is between 4.65 and 7.07, and the average value is 5.69; the number of 1-grade samples is 7, and the proportion is 6.80%; the number of 2-grade samples is 23, and the proportion is 22.33%; the number of 3-grade samples is 29, and the proportion is 28.15%; the number of 4-grade samples is 42, and the proportion is 40.78%; the number of 5-grade samples is 2, and the proportion is 1.94%; the number of 6 samples was 0.
Analysis of organic matter in soil
The organic matter content varies within the range of 5.5-30.7g/kg, the average content is 16.8g/kg, and is on the medium upper level. The results of the abundance analysis show that: the number of samples with the organic content at the deficiency level is 9, and the proportion is 8.74%; the number of samples with medium organic content is 92, and the percentage is 89.32%; the number of samples with rich organic matter content is 2, and the proportion is 1.94%.
Analysis of soil hydrolyzable nitrogen
The content of the hydrolyzable nitrogen is found to be within the range of 48-205mg/kg by test results, and the average content is 90.88mg/kg and is on a medium upper level. The results of the abundance analysis show that: the number of samples with deficient content of hydrolyzable nitrogen is 8, and accounts for 7.77 percent; the number of samples with moderate content of hydrolyzable nitrogen is 83, and the ratio is 80.58%; the number of samples with abundant content is 12, and accounts for 11.65%.
Analysis of available phosphorus in soil
As a result of the available phosphorus content test, the content of the phosphorus in the phosphorus-containing material is changed within the range of 4.4-212.9mg/kg, and the average content is 71.34mg/kg and is at a rich level. The results of the abundance analysis show that: the number of samples with deficient available phosphorus content is 2, and the proportion is 1.94%; the number of samples with medium available phosphorus content is 14, and the proportion is 13.59%; the number of abundant samples was 87, which accounted for 84.46%. The paddy field in the project area has rich phosphorus content.
Fast-acting potassium analysis of soil
The quick-acting potassium content test result of the soil shows that the content of the quick-acting potassium varies within the range of 47-465mg/kg, the average content is 149.62mg/kg, and the content is on the middle upper level. The results of the abundance analysis show that: the number of samples with insufficient quick-acting potassium content is 6, and accounts for 5.82 percent; the number of samples with medium quick-acting potassium content is 58, and the proportion is 56.31%; the number of samples with abundant content is 39, and the ratio is 37.86%.
2) Analysis of heavy metal contamination
According to the 'evaluation standard of environment quality of producing areas of edible agricultural products', it is found that 103 soil samples collected after the improvement of a project area have no heavy metal pollution condition, and all 5 heavy metals do not exceed the limit value. The soil is still relatively clean, and the heavy metal content is not over standard.
8. Improved pre-and post-contrast analysis
1) The pH value of the soil is increased and the acidity is reduced
The results of the soil conditioning before and after the soil conditioning of 103 spots are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 grade Change in soil pH
From table 7, it is known that: after the soil improvement is carried out, the pH average value of the soil is improved by 0.23 unit compared with that before the soil improvement is carried out, the number of samples of 1 grade, 2 grade, 3 grade and 4 grade is increased, the number of samples of 5 grade and 6 grade is reduced, and the acidity of the farmland soil in the project area is weakened after the soil improvement is carried out.
2) The soil fertility level is improved
Soil fertility generally refers to the comprehensive evaluation result of soil nutrients, while the content of soil organic matters is the most important index, because the organic matters are particularly important for soil, the soil fertility has positive effects on the aspects of water and fertilizer retention, soil microbial balance maintenance, soil structure improvement and the like. The content of the soil organic matter before and after the improvement of the project area is compared with that before and after the improvement of the soil organic matter, and the content is shown in the following table 8.
TABLE 8 nutrient abundance change of soil
From table 8, it is known that: the average content of organic matters in the soil is improved by 1.75g/kg compared with that before soil improvement, and the improvement rate reaches 11.63 percent; the average content of the hydrolyzable nitrogen is improved by 9.07mg/kg compared with the average content before improvement, and the improvement rate is 11.09 percent; ③ the average content of the effective phosphorus after the improvement is 71.34mg/kg, the phosphorus is in a rich state, and is improved by 8.77mg/kg compared with the phosphorus before the improvement, and the improvement rate is 14.02 percent; fourthly, the average content of the quick-acting potassium after soil improvement is 149.62mg/kg, which is 10.64mg/kg higher than that before soil improvement, and the improvement rate is 7.66%. In general, the average content of each nutrient in the soil is improved after the project is implemented, and the soil fertility is increased.
3) The cultivated land soil of the project area is clean, and the heavy metal content does not exceed the standard
The results of soil sampling test of the two times before and after improvement show that the phenomenon that the heavy metal exceeds the standard does not exist in the cherry tomato planting fields at the two time points before and after improvement. Due to the fact that the heavy metal content of soil is originally low, and due to system errors caused by links of manual sampling, computer test and the like in different periods, the heavy metal content of the same longitude and latitude sampling point in different periods slightly changes before and after soil improvement, but the heavy metal content is within the limit value of the environment quality evaluation standard of the production area of the edible agricultural products.
The soil disinfectant in the soil disinfection step is carbendazim, the dosage of the soil disinfectant per mu of land is 1 kilogram, the biological organic fertilizer in the fertilization improvement step comprises bacillus subtilis, paecilomyces lilacinus and other components, and the mass ratio is as follows: 8 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 2 hundred million/g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 2 hundred million/g of bacillus laterosporus and other nutrient components, wherein the other nutrient components comprise 20 parts of straws, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 12 parts of potassium humate, 45 parts of cow dung, 6 parts of bean pulp and 10 parts of fruit peel; the microbial agent in the fertilization improvement step comprises trichoderma harzianum, paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus laterosporus and a culture medium, wherein the mass ratio is as follows: 3 hundred million/g trichoderma harzianum, 0.5 hundred million/g paecilomyces lilacinus, 0.5 hundred million/g bacillus laterosporus and a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises 55 parts of peat soil, 7 parts of starch, 11 parts of wheat bran and 12 parts of bamboo powder. The soil conditioner in the fertilizing and improving step comprises 60% of oyster shell powder, 15% of a nano porous mineral restoration agent, 15% of walnut shell powder and 10% of seaweed. The using amount of the biological organic fertilizer is 1000 kg per mu, the microbial agent is 4 kg per mu, and the soil conditioner is 110 kg per mu. The green manure in the green manure planting step is sesbania, and each mu of green manure is about 4 kilograms of seeds. The sesbania has strong nitrogen fixation capacity and is suitable for Hainan planting.
Optionally, the soil disinfectant in the soil disinfection step is 1.2 kg of calcium cyanamide, the bio-organic fertilizer in the fertilization improvement step comprises 5 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 1.5 hundred million/g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 1.5 hundred million/g of bacillus laterosporus, and the balance of other nutritional ingredients. The other nutrient components comprise 15 parts of straws, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of potassium humate, 50 parts of cow dung, 8 parts of soybean meal and 15 parts of fruit peels; the microbial agent in the fertilizing improvement step comprises 9 hundred million/g of trichoderma harzianum, 2 hundred million/g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 2.5 hundred million/g of bacillus laterosporus and a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises 50 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of starch, 15 parts of wheat bran and 20 parts of bamboo powder. The soil conditioner in the fertilizing and improving step comprises 50% of oyster shell powder, 18% of a nano porous mineral restoration agent, 20% of walnut shell powder and 12% of seaweed. The using amount of the biological organic fertilizer is 1200 kg per mu, the microbial agent is 7 kg per mu, and the soil conditioner is 120 kg per mu. The green manure in the green manure planting step is sesbania, and 5.6 kilograms of seeds are planted per mu. The sesbania has strong nitrogen fixation capacity and is suitable for Hainan planting.
The method for improving the soil for planting the cherry tomatoes disclosed by the invention is short in time consumption (generally 3-6 months) and obvious in effect, and is very suitable for improving the soil after the cherry tomatoes are planted in a continuous cropping manner in the Hainan area; the problems of soil acidification and pH value improvement can be effectively solved, salt on the surface layer of soil is flushed to the deep layer of soil through water layer irrigation, soil diseases and insect pests are reduced through the use of beneficial bacterial manure, the root system of a plant is protected from being damaged by the diseases and insect pests, the content of organic matters and nutrients is improved, the phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are supplemented, soil improvement operation is realized in a short time, the growth of subsequent cherry tomatoes is facilitated, and the sustainable development of the cherry tomato planting industry is realized.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
surveying the soil area: verifying and recording the position and the area of the soil to be improved;
soil sampling and detecting: establishing a detection archive library and recording detection data of soil sampling;
deep ploughing and insolation: selecting a rainy and sunny day, adopting a plurality of devices for simultaneous cultivation, wherein the machine cultivation depth is 40-50 cm, and the insolation time is 10-15 days;
soil disinfection: after the soil deep ploughing and insolation is finished, spreading a soil disinfectant into the soil for water diversion irrigation, continuously submerging a water layer with the thickness of 4-7 cm in a field for 7-15 days, or uniformly spreading the soil disinfectant mixed with fine soil and then ploughing, or uniformly spreading the soil disinfectant and green manure seeds and then ploughing; the liquid medicine is infiltrated into the deep layer of the soil to kill germs in the soil;
planting green manure: uniformly broadcasting green manure seeds in each mu of land, and turning over and returning the green manure seeds to the field after the green manure seeds naturally grow for about 20-60 days after emergence of seedlings;
and (3) fertilizing improvement: before land preparation and ridging, applying a biological organic fertilizer, a microbial agent and a soil conditioner to each mu of land, and synchronously performing the operation processes and applying the biological organic fertilizer, the microbial agent and the soil conditioner as base fertilizers;
secondary sampling detection: and recording the secondary soil sampling detection data, comparing the secondary soil sampling detection data with the pre-improvement data recorded in the archive library, and evaluating the soil improvement effect.
2. The method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil disinfectant comprises one of carbendazim, calcium cyanamide, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb, and the soil disinfectant is 0.8-1.5 kg per mu of land.
3. The method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the biological organic fertilizer in the step of improving the fertilization comprises bacillus subtilis, paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus laterosporus and other components, wherein the mass ratio is as follows: 0.2-10 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 0.02-2 hundred million/g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 0.02-2 hundred million/g of bacillus laterosporus and the balance of other nutrient components.
4. The method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the other nutrient components comprise straws, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium humate, plant ash and fruit peel, and the mass ratio is as follows: 15-25 parts of straw, 0.5-1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 10-15 parts of potassium humate, 5-8 parts of plant ash and 10-20 parts of fruit peel.
5. The method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the microbial agent in the fertilization improvement step comprises trichoderma harzianum, paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus laterosporus and a culture medium, wherein the mass ratio is as follows: 0.2-10 hundred million/g trichoderma harzianum, 0.02-3 hundred million/g paecilomyces lilacinus, 0.02-10 hundred million/g bacillus laterosporus and the balance of culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises 50-60 parts of peat soil, 5-10 parts of starch, 10-15 parts of wheat bran and 10-20 parts of bamboo powder.
6. The method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil conditioner in the fertilizing and improving step comprises 30-70% of oyster shell powder, 10-20% of a nano porous mineral restoration agent, 7-20% of walnut shell powder and 7-15% of seaweed.
7. The method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil disinfectant is 0.8-1.5 kg per mu of land, the biological organic fertilizer is 800-2000 kg per mu of land, the microbial agent is 3-10 kg per mu of land, and the soil conditioner is 90-200 kg per mu of land.
8. The method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the green manure in the green manure planting step is sesbania, and each mu of green manure is about 3.8-6.5 kilograms of seeds.
9. The method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the parameters detected and recorded in the soil sampling detection comprise one or more of pH value, organic matters, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, total mercury content, total arsenic content, total lead content, total cadmium content and total chromium content.
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| CN202010923256.5A CN112056036A (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | Method for improving soil for cherry tomato planting |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113303051A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 北京亚戈农生物药业有限公司 | Method for comprehensively improving and restoring soil and application thereof |
| CN114747319A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-15 | 莫稳方 | Method for improving nursery soil |
| CN114982569A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-02 | 南京农业大学 | Organic cultivation method for cherry tomatoes |
| CN115280929A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-04 | 湖南中沃生态农业科技有限公司 | Soil remediation method |
-
2020
- 2020-09-04 CN CN202010923256.5A patent/CN112056036A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113303051A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 北京亚戈农生物药业有限公司 | Method for comprehensively improving and restoring soil and application thereof |
| CN114747319A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-15 | 莫稳方 | Method for improving nursery soil |
| CN114982569A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-02 | 南京农业大学 | Organic cultivation method for cherry tomatoes |
| CN115280929A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-04 | 湖南中沃生态农业科技有限公司 | Soil remediation method |
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Application publication date: 20201211 |