CN112052505A - Design method for grouting hole distance of cement-water glass double-liquid slurry - Google Patents
Design method for grouting hole distance of cement-water glass double-liquid slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN112052505A CN112052505A CN202010928483.7A CN202010928483A CN112052505A CN 112052505 A CN112052505 A CN 112052505A CN 202010928483 A CN202010928483 A CN 202010928483A CN 112052505 A CN112052505 A CN 112052505A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
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- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/28—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a cement-water glass double-liquid slurry grouting pitch, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: preliminarily determining initial parameters of the double-liquid grouting according to engineering experience, and establishing a cylindrical infiltration diffusion theoretical model considering the time-space effect of the viscosity of the cement-water glass double-liquid grouting; substituting the related initial parameters into a theoretical model, calculating the diffusion radius of the grout under different grouting pressures, drawing a grouting pressure-grout diffusion radius curve graph according to the calculation result, and selecting the optimal grouting pressure and the optimal grout diffusion radius according to the change condition of the curve; judging whether the selected grouting pressure meets the site safety construction requirement, if not, adjusting grouting design parameters for recalculation, and if so, designing the drilling distance according to the slurry diffusion radius corresponding to the grouting pressure; and (3) adopting a two-sequence grouting method, wherein the distance between the first-sequence holes is twice of the diffusion radius of the grout, the second-sequence holes are inserted into the first-sequence holes, the target area is subjected to supplementary grouting, and the distance between the first-sequence holes and the second-sequence holes adopts the diffusion radius value of the grout. The design method fully considers the viscosity space-time effect of the double-liquid slurry, can effectively reinforce surrounding rocks around the tunnel, and realizes safe excavation of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a design method of a cement-water glass double-liquid slurry grouting pitch.
Background
In recent years, with the large-scale construction of urban subway projects and the continuous improvement of urban rail transit networks in China, the situation that newly-built subway lines pass through poor geological conditions such as water-rich sand layers, fault fracture zones and the like is increased year by year. In order to ensure the safe excavation of the tunnel, advanced grouting based on cement-water glass double-liquid slurry permeation and diffusion is adopted in many engineering practices to pre-reinforce surrounding rocks around an excavated section. The cement-water glass double-liquid slurry is used as a typical quick-setting slurry, can effectively block a seepage passage of underground water, improves the overall stability of surrounding rocks, forms a bearing structure at the periphery of a tunnel and ensures the construction safety of the tunnel.
Grouting practice also shows that the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry has a particularly remarkable reinforcing effect on unfavorable geology (particularly in the case of rich water). However, due to the rapid hardening characteristic of the double-fluid slurry, namely the viscosity timeliness is remarkable, the selection of key construction parameters in the practical application process is not provided with a set of reasonable and perfect design method like non-rapid hardening slurry, and the viscosity space difference caused by the injection mode of the double-fluid slurry different from the single-fluid slurry is not considered in the calculation process. Because the infiltration slip casting diffusion mechanism of biliquid thick liquid is unclear, often adopt the prescription of not considering the ageing of thick liquid viscosity to calculate during the advanced slip casting design of present tunnel, and this diffusion ability that will excessively estimate the thick liquid leads to the drilling interval of infiltration slip casting obviously bigger than normal, and then the target reinforcement region can not obtain effectual reinforcement, has increased the gushing water sand collapse risk among the tunnel excavation process, is unfavorable for construction safety.
Therefore, the existing design method for the distance between the two-fluid grouting penetration holes is perfected to fully reinforce the surrounding rock and save the manufacturing cost, and the method is a problem to be solved urgently in the field of the current tunnel advanced grouting design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a design method of a cement-water glass double-liquid-slurry grouting hole distance aiming at factors (such as viscosity timeliness and viscosity space effect) which are not considered in the prior tunnel advanced grouting design.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a design method of a cement-water glass double-liquid slurry grouting pitch, which comprises the following steps:
setting initial parameters of cement-water glass double-liquid grouting, and establishing a cylindrical infiltration diffusion theoretical model considering the cement-water glass double-liquid-paste viscosity time-space effect according to an expression representing the double-liquid-paste viscosity time-space effect and by combining a seepage mechanics basic theory;
substituting the initial parameters into a theoretical model, calculating the diffusion radius of the grout under different grouting pressures, finding out a nonlinear mutation point of the diffusion radius when the grouting pressure changes linearly, and taking the grouting pressure and the grout diffusion radius corresponding to the mutation point as optimal values;
and step three, adopting a two-sequence grouting method, wherein the distance between the first-sequence holes is twice of the diffusion radius of the grout, the second-sequence holes are arranged between the first-sequence holes, and the distance between the second-sequence holes and the original first-sequence holes is the diffusion radius value of the grout, so that the target area is subjected to supplementary grouting.
The design method of the cement-water glass double-liquid grouting hole distance comprises the following initial parameters of double-liquid grouting: initial diffusion radius l, yield shear τ of the double slurry0Groundwater pressure P at the point of groutingwGrouting pressure P0Radius of capillary tube r0Viscosity parameters A and B of the dual slurry, porosity phi of the injected stratum, height m of columnar diffusion of the slurry, and permeability of the injected stratumRate K, flow rate v of slurry in grouting pipe0。
The cement-water glass double-liquid-slurry grouting hole distance design method comprises the following steps of: selecting radius r0The capillary tube is provided with a section of fluid column microelement which is coaxial with the tube shaft, the radius of the fluid column is r, and r is not more than r0The length is dl, the left end and the right end of the fluid column respectively act pressure P and P + dP, wherein dP is increment of P, the surface of the fluid column is subjected to shear stress tau, and the direction of the shear stress tau is opposite to the flowing direction of the slurry; the expression for representing the time-space effect of the viscosity of the double-fluid slurry in the first step is as follows:
in the formula: μ (t) is a time-varying function of the viscosity of the slurry, and μ (t) is AtB，l0Is the radius of the grouting pipe;
the starting pressure gradient λ is calculated using the following method:
in the formula: tau is0The yield shear force of the slurry is used for characterizing the plasticity of the slurry;
the permeability K of the injected medium is calculated by adopting the following method:
the design method of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry grouting hole distance comprises the step I of designing the slurry diffusion radius l1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula: A. b is a constant and is obtained by fitting according to the viscosity-time curve of the double-fluid slurry; l0Is the radius of the grouting pipe; v. of0The flow rate of the slurry in the grouting pipe is adopted; m is the height of column diffusion of the slurry; phi is the porosity of the injected formation; the difference between grouting pressure and water pressure is P0-Pw，P0Is the grouting pressure at the grouting hole, PwIs the groundwater pressure at the point of grouting; k is the permeability of the injected medium; λ is the starting pressure gradient of the slurry.
In the second step, a nonlinear mutation point of the diffusion radius when the grouting pressure changes linearly is found, and the increment of the diffusion radius of the slurry is calculated when the grouting pressure is increased by 1MPa on the basis of the principle that the diffusion radius of the double-liquid slurry is increased along with the continuous increase of the grouting pressure; and finding a sudden change point with rapidly reduced increment, and taking the grouting pressure and the slurry diffusion radius corresponding to the sudden change point as optimal values.
Before the step three is executed, the method also comprises the step of judging whether the selected grouting pressure meets the site safety construction requirements, if not, the method returns to the step one to adjust the grouting design parameters for recalculation, and if so, the drilling distance is designed according to the slurry diffusion radius corresponding to the grouting pressure.
According to the design method of the cement-water glass double-liquid grouting hole distance, the optimal grouting pressure is larger than the underground water pressure at a grouting point and smaller than the maximum pressure when the ground surface uplift is not over the limit in a test section and the maximum pressure capable of being applied by a grouting pump, so that whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged.
According to the design method of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry grouting hole distance, the underground water pressure at the grouting point is calculated by adopting the following method:
Pw＝ρgh
in the formula: ρ is the density of water; h is the buried depth of the grouting section;
the test section ensures the maximum pressure when the surface uplift does not exceed the limit, and the maximum pressure is obtained by increasing the grouting pressure until the surface uplift approaches the limit value;
the maximum pressure that the grouting pump can exert is obtained through a grouting pump nameplate.
Compared with the prior design method for the advanced grouting of the tunnel, the design method for the grouting hole distance in the time-space effect considering the viscosity of the cement-water glass double-fluid slurry has the advantages that: the viscosity timeliness of cement-water glass double-liquid slurry is not considered in the traditional tunnel advanced grouting design, the diffusion capability of the slurry is excessively estimated, the drilling hole interval of permeation grouting is obviously large, and the target reinforcing area cannot be effectively reinforced. In the invention, the viscosity timeliness and the viscosity space effect of the double-liquid slurry are fully considered, the theoretical calculation result can truly reflect the diffusion capacity of the slurry, the rationality and the economy of design parameters are ensured, and the water burst and sand bursting risk in the tunnel excavation process is reduced to the maximum extent. The method has strong applicability and has higher instructive significance for the design and construction of the tunnel engineering pre-grouting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the grouting pitch design of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the column diffusion of the cement-water glass two-fluid slurry of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow of slurry in a capillary channel.
FIG. 4 is a graph of viscosity versus time for a cement-water glass dual fluid slurry.
In the figure:
1-A slurry, 2-B slurry and 3-grouting pressure P04-underground water level, 5-grout stopping rock tray,
6-strengthening body, 7-viscosity-time curve of cement-water glass double-liquid slurry, 8-initial setting and 9-final setting.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the design method includes the following steps:
(1) preliminarily determining initial parameters of the double-liquid grouting according to engineering experience, and establishing a cylindrical infiltration diffusion theoretical model considering the time-space effect of the viscosity of the cement-water glass double-liquid grouting;
(2) substituting the related initial parameters into a theoretical model, calculating the diffusion radius of the grout under different grouting pressures, drawing a grouting pressure-grout diffusion radius curve graph according to the calculation result, and selecting the optimal grouting pressure and the optimal grout diffusion radius according to the change condition of the curve;
(3) judging whether the selected grouting pressure meets the site safety construction requirement, if not, adjusting grouting design parameters for recalculation, and if so, designing the drilling distance according to the slurry diffusion radius corresponding to the grouting pressure;
(4) and (3) adopting a two-sequence grouting method, wherein the distance between the first-sequence holes is twice of the diffusion radius of the grout, the second-sequence holes are inserted into the first-sequence holes, the target area is subjected to supplementary grouting, and the distance between the first-sequence holes and the second-sequence holes adopts the diffusion radius value of the grout.
The initial parameters of the double-liquid grouting comprise: initial diffusion radius l0Yield shear force tau of double slurry0Groundwater pressure P at the point of groutingwGrouting pressure P0Radius of capillary tube r0The viscosity parameters A and B of the double-slurry are the viscosity parameters of cement and water glass, the porosity phi of the injected stratum, the column diffusion height m of the slurry, the permeability K of the injected stratum, and the flow velocity v of the slurry in the grouting pipe0。
l0Is the radius of the grouting pipe; yield shear force τ0Can be measured by a rotary viscometer or a capillary viscometer; pressure P of underground waterwFrom the formula PwCalculating rho gh (rho is the density of water, and h is the buried depth of the grouting section); grouting pressure P0Installing a pressure gauge near a grouting hole, and obtaining field test data; the permeability K is represented by the formula K' ═ K rho g/muwCalculated to obtain (K' is permeability coefficient, mu)wIs the viscosity of water); the porosity phi can be obtained by indoor or field measurement; the capillary radius r can be calculated under the premise of knowing K and phi0(ii) a The viscosity parameters A and B can be obtained by fitting after obtaining related data through an indoor slurry characteristic test; columnThe height m of the shape diffusion can be obtained according to the engineering design requirement; flow velocity v of the slurry0Can be obtained by field measurement.
As shown in fig. 2, slurry a 1 and slurry B2 are mixed at the injection port and then injected into the formation under the injection pressure 3. Due to the obstruction of the grout stopping rock disk 5 at the upper part, the mixed grout can only permeate and diffuse in a target reinforcing area, and finally the cylindrical reinforcing body 6 is formed, and the underground water level 4 is positioned above the grout stopping rock disk.
As shown in fig. 3, the theoretical model of the cement-water glass two-fluid slurry permeation diffusion is as follows: selecting the radius of the capillary tube as r0Taking a section of fluid column microelement coaxial with the tubular shaft in the capillary, wherein the radius of the fluid column is r (r is less than or equal to r)0) The length is dl, the left and right ends of the fluid column are respectively acted with pressure P and P + dP, and the surface of the fluid column is subjected to shear stress tau, which is opposite to the flowing direction of the slurry.
According to an expression representing the time-space effect of the viscosity of the double-slurry and by combining with the basic theory of seepage mechanics, the calculation formula of the diffusion radius of the slurry is as follows:
in the formula: A. b is constant and can be obtained by fitting according to the viscosity-time curve of the double-fluid slurry; l0Is the radius of the grouting pipe; v. of0The flow rate of the slurry in the grouting pipe is adopted; m is the height of column diffusion of the slurry; phi is the porosity of the injected formation; Δ P ═ P0-Pw，P0Is the grouting pressure at the grouting hole, PwIs the groundwater pressure at the point of grouting; k is the permeability of the injected medium; λ is the starting pressure gradient of the slurry.
As shown in fig. 4, the curve in fig. 4 is a viscosity-time curve of the cement-water glass double-slurry, a dotted line which is drawn from a vertical axis and is close to an original point and parallel to an x axis represents initial setting, another dotted line which is far away from the original point represents final setting, and the viscosity of the cement-water glass double-slurry is increased along with time to accord with a power function change law. In engineering, cement paste with water-cement ratio of 1 and double-liquid volume ratio is generally adoptedA slurry of 1, wherein the viscosity of the two-fluid slurry is a time-varying function of: mu (t) ═ AtB＝0.003182t2.23。
The expression for representing the time-space effect of the viscosity of the double-fluid slurry is as follows:
in the formula: μ (t) is a time-varying function of the viscosity of the slurry.
The starting pressure gradient λ is calculated using the following method:
in the formula: tau is0The yield shear force of the slurry is used for characterizing the plastic property of the slurry.
The permeability K of the injected medium is calculated by adopting the following method:
in the graph of grouting pressure-slurry diffusion radius, the dual-slurry diffusion radius is increased along with the continuous increase of the grouting pressure. According to the trend of the curve, calculating the increment of the diffusion radius of the slurry when the grouting pressure is increased by 1 MPa; finding a sudden change point with the rapidly reduced increment, and taking the grouting pressure and the slurry diffusion radius corresponding to the sudden change point as optimal values.
The optimal grouting pressure is larger than the underground water pressure at the grouting point and smaller than the maximum pressure when the ground surface uplift is not over-limit in the test section and the maximum pressure capable of being applied by the grouting pump, so as to judge whether the safety requirement is met.
The groundwater pressure at the grouting point is calculated by the following method:
Pw＝ρgh
in the formula: ρ is the density of water; h is the buried depth of the grouting section.
And the test section ensures the maximum pressure when the surface uplift does not exceed the limit, and the maximum pressure is obtained by increasing the grouting pressure until the surface uplift approaches the limit value.
The maximum pressure that the grouting pump can apply is obtained through a nameplate of the grouting pump.
The concrete grouting method adopts two-sequence grouting, namely grouting twice. The interval between a plurality of holes of I preface hole promptly slip casting for the first time adopts twice of thick liquid diffusion radius, and II preface holes are inserted in I preface hole promptly II preface holes and are arranged between I preface hole, carry out supplementary slip casting (supplementary reinforcement each slip casting body between the not slip casting region) to the target area, and its interval adopts thick liquid diffusion radius value.
Claims (8)
1. A design method for a cement-water glass double-liquid grouting hole distance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting initial parameters of cement-water glass double-liquid grouting, and establishing a cylindrical infiltration diffusion theoretical model considering the cement-water glass double-liquid-paste viscosity time-space effect according to an expression representing the double-liquid-paste viscosity time-space effect and by combining a seepage mechanics basic theory;
substituting the initial parameters into a theoretical model, calculating the diffusion radius of the grout under different grouting pressures, finding out a nonlinear mutation point of the diffusion radius when the grouting pressure changes linearly, and taking the grouting pressure and the grout diffusion radius corresponding to the mutation point as optimal values;
and step three, adopting a two-sequence grouting method, wherein the distance between the first-sequence holes is twice of the diffusion radius of the grout, the second-sequence holes are arranged between the first-sequence holes, and the distance between the second-sequence holes and the original first-sequence holes is the diffusion radius value of the grout, so that the target area is subjected to supplementary grouting.
2. The method for designing the hole pitch of the cement-water glass double-liquid grouting according to claim 1, wherein the initial parameters of the double-liquid grouting comprise: initial diffusion radius l, yield shear τ of the double slurry0Groundwater pressure P at the point of groutingwGrouting pressure P0Radius of capillary tube r0The viscosity parameters A and A of the two slurriesB, porosity phi of the injected stratum, column diffusion height m of the grout, permeability K of the injected stratum, and flow velocity v of the grout in the grouting pipe0。
3. The method for designing the grouting hole distance of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry as claimed in claim 2, wherein the theoretical model of penetration and diffusion of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry in the first step is as follows: selecting radius r0The capillary tube is provided with a section of fluid column microelement which is coaxial with the tube shaft, the radius of the fluid column is r, and r is not more than r0The length is dl, the left end and the right end of the fluid column respectively act pressure P and P + dP, wherein dP is increment of P, the surface of the fluid column is subjected to shear stress tau, and the direction of the shear stress tau is opposite to the flowing direction of the slurry; the expression for representing the time-space effect of the viscosity of the double-fluid slurry in the first step is as follows:
in the formula: μ (t) is a time-varying function of the viscosity of the slurry, and μ (t) is AtB，l0Is the radius of the grouting pipe;
the starting pressure gradient λ is calculated using the following method:
in the formula: tau is0The yield shear force of the slurry is used for characterizing the plasticity of the slurry;
the permeability K of the injected medium is calculated by adopting the following method:
4. the method for designing the grouting hole pitch of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps are as followsRadius of diffusion l of the slurry as described in step one1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the formula: A. b is a constant and is obtained by fitting according to the viscosity-time curve of the double-fluid slurry; l0Is the radius of the grouting pipe; v. of0The flow rate of the slurry in the grouting pipe is adopted; m is the height of column diffusion of the slurry; phi is the porosity of the injected formation; the difference between grouting pressure and water pressure is P0-Pw，P0Is the grouting pressure at the grouting hole, PwIs the groundwater pressure at the point of grouting; k is the permeability of the injected medium; λ is the starting pressure gradient of the slurry.
5. The method for designing the grouting hole distance of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the nonlinear mutation point of the diffusion radius when the grouting pressure changes linearly is found, and the increment of the diffusion radius of the slurry is calculated when the grouting pressure is increased by 1MPa on the basis of the principle that the diffusion radius of the double-liquid slurry is increased along with the continuous increase of the grouting pressure; and finding a sudden change point with rapidly reduced increment, and taking the grouting pressure and the slurry diffusion radius corresponding to the sudden change point as optimal values.
6. The method for designing the grouting hole distance of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry is characterized by further comprising the step of judging whether the selected grouting pressure meets the site safety construction requirement or not before the step three is executed, if not, returning to the step one to adjust the grouting design parameters for recalculation, and if so, designing the hole distance according to the slurry diffusion radius corresponding to the grouting pressure.
7. The method for designing the grouting hole distance of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry as claimed in claim 6, wherein the optimal grouting pressure is larger than the underground water pressure at the grouting point and smaller than the maximum pressure when the test section ensures that the surface of the earth does not exceed the limit and the maximum pressure which can be applied by a grouting pump, so as to judge whether the safety requirement is met.
8. The method for designing the grouting hole distance of the cement-water glass double-liquid slurry as claimed in claim 7, wherein the underground water pressure at the grouting point is calculated by adopting the following method:
Pw＝ρgh
in the formula: ρ is the density of water; h is the buried depth of the grouting section;
the test section ensures the maximum pressure when the surface uplift does not exceed the limit, and the maximum pressure is obtained by increasing the grouting pressure until the surface uplift approaches the limit value;
the maximum pressure that the grouting pump can exert is obtained through a grouting pump nameplate.
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