CN112048326A

CN112048326A - Coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device, process and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112048326A
Application number: CN202011043186.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陶旭庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-28
Filing date: 2020-09-28
Publication date: 2020-12-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device, a low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment process and application of coal gangue, and relates to the technical field of coal gangue treatment. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device comprises a coal gangue pretreatment device, a drying device, a cracking treatment device, a cracking gas treatment device, a waste gas treatment device and a high-temperature material dry discharging device, wherein a coal gangue discharging port of the cracking treatment device is connected with a first cooling mechanism through the high-temperature material dry discharging device, the waste gas treatment device is connected with a waste gas discharging port of the coal gangue pretreatment device, and a cracking gas outlet of the cracking treatment device is connected with the cracking gas treatment device; the coal gangue pretreatment device is utilized to pretreat the coal gangue, then the cracking treatment device cracks the dried coal gangue, and cracked gas enters the cracked gas treatment device to be collected and treated, so that the cracking gasification of the coal gangue is realized, gas is obtained, the resource utilization of the coal gangue is realized, the water pollution is reduced, the waste heat utilization is realized, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the yield is improved.

Description

Coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device, process and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue treatment, in particular to a low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device, a low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment process and application of coal gangue.

Background

The coal gangue is solid waste discharged in the coal mining process and the coal washing process, and is a black and gray rock which has lower carbon content and is harder than coal and is associated with a coal bed in the coal forming process. Comprises tunneling waste rocks in the tunneling process of a roadway, waste rocks extracted from a top plate, a bottom plate and an interlayer in the mining process, and washing waste rocks extracted in the coal washing process. The main components of the material are Al2O3 and SiO2, and the material also contains Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, SO3 and trace rare elements in different quantities

A small amount of the existing coal gangue is used as a building material, or the coal and the gangue are mixed and burned to generate electricity, most of the coal gangue is still piled as garbage, not only a large amount of land is occupied, but also potential safety hazards exist in the piling process.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device, a low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment process and application of coal gangue, and aims to solve the problem that the coal gangue is not effectively treated in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device comprises a coal gangue pretreatment device, a drying device, a cracking treatment device, a cracking gas treatment device, a waste gas treatment device and a high-temperature material dry discharging device, wherein the coal gangue pretreatment device is connected with a feeding port of the drying device; the high-temperature material dry discharging device comprises a high-temperature material box and a high-temperature material conveying mechanism, the high-temperature material box is connected with a coal gangue discharge port of the cracking treatment device, one end of the high-temperature material conveying mechanism is connected with the lower end of the high-temperature material box, the other end of the high-temperature material conveying mechanism is connected with a feed port of a first cooling mechanism, the first cooling mechanism is connected with a carbon warehouse through a second cooling mechanism, and the first cooling mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the drying device.

Furthermore, the coal gangue pretreatment device is arranged in a closed pretreatment workshop, and the pretreatment workshop is connected with the waste gas treatment device through an induced draft fan.

Furthermore, the coal gangue pretreatment device comprises a coal gangue crusher, a first belt conveyor, a coal gangue crusher, a second belt conveyor, a coal gangue storage bin, a third belt conveyor, a belt electronic scale and a screw conveyor which are connected in sequence.

Further, drying device be the outer barrel of stoving that rotates the setting, barrel in the heat transfer of first cooling body for setting up at the outer barrel inboard of stoving, barrel and the outer barrel fixed connection of stoving in the heat transfer, be equipped with the outer barrel stock guide that promotes material axial displacement in the outer barrel of stoving, be equipped with the interior barrel stock guide that promotes material axial displacement in the barrel in the heat transfer.

Furthermore, the drying device is a drying outer cylinder body which is rotatably arranged, an outer cylinder body material guide plate which can push the material to move axially is arranged in the drying outer cylinder body, and the first cooling mechanism is a heat exchange auger arranged on the inner side of the drying outer cylinder body.

Furthermore, the cracking treatment device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle is a concentric horizontal double-layer double-barrel hollow cylinder consisting of two cylinders with different diameters, the outer barrel of each adjacent cracking reaction kettle is communicated with the outer barrel, the inner barrel is communicated with the inner barrel, the cracking reaction kettles are communicated with one another from top to bottom and connected in series, the cracking reaction kettle at the lowest part is connected with a heating device, a drying device is communicated with the inner barrel of the cracking reaction kettle at the uppermost part through a discharge port of an auger conveyor or a lifter, two ends of the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle are sealed through end sockets, and waveform metal expansion joints are arranged between the two adjacent cracking reaction kettles and between the barrel and the end socket of each cracking reaction kettle.

Furthermore, a hot air outlet of the outer cylinder of the uppermost cracking reaction kettle is connected with a hot air inlet of the drying device.

Further, the cracked gas treatment device comprises a three-phase separator, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator, an oil-water separator and a water treatment mechanism, wherein the three-phase separator is connected with a cracked gas outlet of the cracked treatment device, a water phase outlet of the three-phase separator is connected with the oil-water separator, a gas phase outlet of the three-phase separator is connected with the condenser, a liquid phase outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator, a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the oil-water separator, oil phase outlets of the three-phase separator, the condenser, the gas-liquid separator and the oil-water separator are connected with an oil storage tank, and a water phase.

Furthermore, a gas-phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected with a desulfurization and dechlorination device, a gas deodorization and purification device and a gas storage bag.

The process for treating the coal gangue by using the coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) crushing and crushing the coal gangue by using a coal gangue pretreatment device;

(2) heating the cracking treatment device to make the temperature of the cracking treatment device reach more than 300 ℃;

(3) and the coal gangue pretreatment device feeds the coal gangue into a cracking treatment device for cracking after drying the coal gangue through a drying device, and cracked gas generated by the cracking treatment device enters a cracked gas treatment device for collection and treatment.

Furthermore, the cracking treatment device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle is a concentric horizontal double-layer double-barrel hollow cylinder consisting of two cylinders with different diameters, a cracking kettle interlayer is formed between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, the outer barrels of the adjacent cracking reaction kettles are communicated with the outer barrel, the inner barrels are communicated with the inner barrel, and the plurality of cracking reaction kettles are communicated up and down and connected in series;

the plurality of cracking reaction kettles comprise a first cracking reaction kettle, a second cracking reaction kettle, a third cracking reaction kettle and a fourth cracking reaction kettle, the first cracking reaction kettle is connected with a heating device, and the coal gangue dried by the drying device sequentially passes through the fourth cracking reaction kettle, the third cracking reaction kettle, the second cracking reaction kettle and an inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle;

after the heating device heats the first cracking reaction kettle, hot gas in the cracking kettle interlayer of the first cracking reaction kettle sequentially flows through cracking kettle interlayers of a second cracking reaction kettle, a third cracking reaction kettle and a fourth cracking reaction kettle;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the fourth cracking reaction kettle is 150-250 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 1-1.5 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft and a paddle in the kettle is 3-15 revolutions per minute;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the third cracking reaction kettle is 250-400 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 1.5-2 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft and a blade in the kettle is 3-15 revolutions per minute;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the second cracking reaction kettle is 400-500 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 2-2.5 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft and a blade in the kettle is 3-15 revolutions per minute;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle is 500-600 ℃, the residence time of the materials in the kettle is 2.5-3 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft and the blades in the kettle is 3-15 r/min.

The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device and the coal gangue treatment process are applied to treatment of organic wastes, the organic wastes comprise straws, household wastes, industrial wastes, kitchen wastes, coal gangue, oil sludge, solid wastes and dangerous wastes, classification and screening are not needed, and secondary pollution is avoided in the treatment process.

The invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, the coal gangue is pretreated by using the coal gangue pretreatment device, then the dried coal gangue is cracked by the cracking treatment device, and finally, the cracked gas generated by the cracking treatment device enters the cracked gas treatment device for collection and treatment, so that the coal gangue is cracked and gasified, the fuel gas is obtained, and the resource utilization of the coal gangue is realized.

The invention also utilizes the high-temperature material dry discharging device to carry out oxygen isolation sealing on the cracking treatment device, the coal gangue directly enters the high-temperature material box after being discharged from the discharge port of the cracking treatment device, and then the high-temperature dry material is sent into the first cooling mechanism by the high-temperature material conveying mechanism, so that the cracking treatment device is sealed by oxygen isolation, the problem that the high-temperature material is directly cooled and sealed by oxygen isolation by adopting water, so that a large amount of water vapor can be generated to enter the cracking treatment device, and a large amount of heat energy is consumed to help water evaporation is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a low-temperature anaerobic coal gangue pyrolysis treatment device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the built-in inner cylinder of the drying apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a packing auger built in the drying device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cracking treatment apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first cleavage reaction vessel;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of the first cleavage reaction vessel;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second cleavage reaction vessel;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third cleavage reaction vessel;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth cleavage reaction vessel;

in the figure: 1-coal gangue crusher 2-first belt conveyor 3-coal gangue crusher 4-second belt conveyor 5-coal gangue storage bin 6-third belt conveyor 7-belt electronic scale 8-screw conveyor 9-second cooling mechanism 10-carbon warehouse 11-induced draft fan 12-first cracking reaction kettle 13-second cracking reaction kettle 14-third cracking reaction kettle 15-fourth cracking reaction kettle 16-heating device 17-external auxiliary heating device 18-drying device 19-first cooling mechanism 20-dried material conveying auger 21-elevator 22-high temperature bin 23-high temperature discharge auger 24-waste gas treatment device 25-three-phase separator 26-condenser 27-gas liquid separator 28- Oil-water separator 29-water treatment mechanism 30-water circulation tank 31-heavy oil storage tank 32-light oil storage tank 33-desulfurization dechlorination device 34-gas deodorization purification device 35-gas storage bag 36-gas generator 37-drying outer cylinder 38-heat exchange inner cylinder 39-outer cylinder guide plate 40-outer cylinder lifting blade 41-inner cylinder guide plate 42-heat exchange auger 43-cracking kettle outer cylinder 44-cracking kettle inner cylinder 45-outer heat insulation layer 46-cracking kettle interlayer 47-hollow shaft 48-screw blade 49-cracking gas outlet 50-interlayer hot gas outlet 51-cracking kettle feed inlet 52-waveform metal expansion joint 53-sealing device 54-bearing 55-solid shaft head 56-bearing seat 57 End cover 58, external heating hot gas inlet 59, interlayer hot gas inlet 60, cracking kettle outlet 61, baffle plate 62, combustion chamber 63, burner nozzle 64 and regulating valve.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial changes in the technical content.

Referring to fig. 1, the coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device comprises a coal gangue pretreatment device, a drying device 18, a cracking treatment device, a cracking gas treatment device, a waste gas treatment device 24 and a high-temperature material dry discharging device, wherein the coal gangue pretreatment device is connected with a feeding port of the drying device 18, the drying device 18 is connected with a coal gangue feeding port of the cracking treatment device through a discharging port of an auger conveyor or a lifter, a coal gangue discharging port of the cracking treatment device is connected with a first cooling mechanism 19 through the high-temperature material dry discharging device, the waste gas treatment device 24 is connected with a waste gas discharging port of the coal gangue pretreatment device, and a cracking gas outlet of the cracking treatment device is connected with the cracking gas; the high-temperature material dry discharging device comprises a high-temperature material box 22 and a high-temperature discharging auger 23, the high-temperature material box 22 is connected with a coal gangue discharging port of the cracking treatment device, one end of the high-temperature discharging auger 23 is connected with the lower end of the high-temperature material box 22, the other end of the high-temperature discharging auger 23 is connected with a feeding port of a first cooling mechanism 19, the first cooling mechanism 19 is connected with the carbon warehouse 10 through a second cooling mechanism 9, and the first cooling mechanism 19 is arranged on the inner side of the drying device 18.

The coal gangue pretreatment device is arranged in a closed pretreatment workshop, and the pretreatment workshop is connected with the waste gas treatment device 24 through the induced draft fan 11. The whole pretreatment workshop of the coal gangue pretreatment device is designed with a totally-enclosed negative pressure state, a plurality of air suction ports are arranged above the workshop, the induced draft fan 11 absorbs dust and waste gas generated in the pretreatment workshop through a pipeline and sends the dust and the waste gas to the waste gas treatment device 24, and the dust and the waste gas are discharged after being purified and removed by equipment according to standards. The dust and the waste gas generated in the pretreatment process are effectively controlled not to be discharged outwards, and the secondary emission pollution is reduced. The coal gangue pretreatment device comprises a coal gangue stacking area, a coal gangue crusher 1, a first belt conveyor 2, a coal gangue crusher 3, a second belt conveyor 4, a coal gangue storage bin 5, a third belt conveyor 6, a belt electronic scale 7 and a spiral conveyor 8 which are sequentially connected.

Wherein: the coal gangue stacking area refers to an area where coal gangue is temporarily stacked before being crushed, and the coal gangue is centrally stacked, temporarily stored and waits for treatment. The coal gangue crusher 1 can adopt a two-stage hammer crusher, a jaw crusher, a counterattack crusher or a cone crusher.

Referring to fig. 2, the drying device 18 of this embodiment is a drying outer cylinder 37 which is rotatably disposed, the first cooling mechanism 19 is a heat exchange inner cylinder 38 disposed inside the drying outer cylinder 37, the heat exchange inner cylinder 38 is fixedly connected to the drying outer cylinder 37, an outer cylinder guide plate 39 for pushing the material to move axially is disposed in the drying outer cylinder 37, an outer cylinder material raising plate 40 is further disposed in the drying outer cylinder 37, and an inner cylinder guide plate 41 for pushing the material to move axially is disposed in the heat exchange inner cylinder 38.

Two concentric cylinders with different diameters and different lengths are arranged in the drying device 18 and the first cooling mechanism 19, materials are dried by using waste heat, the two cylinders are fixedly connected, a transmission device of the drying outer cylinder 37 is used for driving the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to rotate in the same direction and at the same rotating speed, the materials enter an interlayer between the drying outer cylinder 37 and the heat exchange inner cylinder 38 from a feeding hole of the outer cylinder and rotate along with the cylinders, the materials roll in the interlayer of the cylinders, are overturned, dried and pushed forwards by an outer cylinder material guide plate 39 and an outer cylinder material lifting plate which are arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder until the dried materials are discharged from a discharging hole of the outer cylinder, and are conveyed to the cracking treatment device by a dried material conveying auger 20 and a bucket elevator 21. The spiral conveyor 8 is arranged in front of the drying device 18, the shaftless auger with an angle installation conveys the coal gangue from a low position to a high position and utilizes the self gravity of the powdery coal gangue to play a role in sealing and oxygen isolation, and the spiral conveyor 8 is adopted to convey the coal gangue into the drying device 18, so that continuous, uniform and uninterrupted feeding is ensured.

The coal gangue with high-temperature waste heat enters the heat exchange inner cylinder 38 from the feed inlet of the heat exchange inner cylinder 38 by the high-temperature discharge auger 23 and rotates along with the cylinder, the high-temperature carbon is rolled and dissipated in the heat exchange inner cylinder 38, the dissipated heat is conducted through the heat exchange inner cylinder 38 to dry materials in the interlayer of the drying outer cylinder 37, and the high-temperature coal gangue is turned and copied and pushed forward by the guide plate arranged on the inner wall of the heat exchange inner cylinder 38 until the coal gangue is discharged from the discharge outlet of the heat exchange inner cylinder 38. Sealing devices are arranged at two ends of the inner and outer cylinders, and material inlet and outlet openings at two ends of the inner and outer cylinders are fixed and do not rotate, so that the inner closed state of the cylinders is ensured.

The gangue with the high-temperature waste heat directly enters the heat exchange inner barrel 38 for heat dissipation, the interlayer conducts heat to dry materials, the heat conduction effect is good, the heat utilization rate is high, the material drying time is short, the speed is high, the yield is high, and the cost is reduced. The drying outer cylinder 37 transmission device is used for driving the heat exchange inner cylinder 38 to rotate in the same direction and at the same rotating speed, so that power is saved, energy consumption is reduced, and operation cost is reduced. The waste heat conversion technology is utilized to reduce the heat of the coal gangue by inputting a large amount of equipment and consuming a large amount of energy, and the waste heat is utilized to directly convert the coal gangue into heat energy for drying the materials, so that the energy is greatly saved, the energy consumption is reduced, the emission is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

In the prior art, a large amount of water vapor enters a cracking reaction kettle from a discharge port by directly cooling high-temperature materials by water, and the water vapor enters the kettle and consumes a large amount of heat energy to help water to evaporate, so that the cracking treatment of the materials in the reaction kettle is greatly influenced. The invention ensures the dry discharging technology at high temperature, avoids the water vapor from entering the cracking reaction kettle, and is convenient for storing and transporting the coal gangue after cooling. The water pollution is reduced by adopting the first cooling mechanism 19 to the high-temperature coal gangue after the cracking treatment. The temperature of the coal gangue discharged from the cracking reaction kettle is about 500 ℃, and the invention fully utilizes the high-temperature coal gangue waste heat discharged after cracking treatment to supply the drying device 18 for drying treatment. Plays a role of oxygen isolation and sealing, and ensures that the cracking reaction kettle is carried out in an oxygen-free and sealed state in the cracking treatment process.

A high temperature feed box 22, comprising: the device comprises a box body, a feeding hole, a stirrer, a limiter, a thermometer, a pressure gauge and the like. High temperature workbin 22 is the rectangle box, adopt the steel sheet welding to form, box top is equipped with the feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected with the discharge gate of schizolysis processing apparatus, the wave form expansion joint is installed to the centre, the expansion joint both ends are connected with the flange, install the agitator in the box on box top both sides, install the stopper from top to bottom in the box inboard, thermometer and manometer are installed to the box top, the bottom is equipped with the discharge gate in the box, discharge gate and high temperature ejection of compact auger 23 access connection, high temperature ejection of compact auger 23 is installed in the bottom half, the material after through the schizolysis processing is discharged from schizolysis reation kettle discharge gate and is directly got into high temperature workbin 22 and then is sent into the first cooling body 19 in drying device 18 by high temperature workbin 22 bottom. The device is in a fully-closed oxygen-free state, and plays a role in sealing and isolating oxygen.

High temperature ejection of compact auger 23 includes: auger barrel, auger shaft, bearing 54, transmission device, feed inlet, discharge port, etc. The device is a cylinder and is formed by welding steel pipes, an inclination angle is installed on a high-temperature discharging auger 23, a transmission device (motor) is installed at the bottom of one end of an auger cylinder, one end of the cylinder is connected with the transmission device through a flange, a shaftless auger piece is installed inside the cylinder, a high-temperature bearing is installed at one end of the shaftless auger piece and connected with the transmission device, the other end of the shaftless auger piece is not fixed, a feeding hole is formed in one end above the cylinder and connected with a discharging hole in the bottom of a high-temperature material box 22 through a flange, a discharging hole is formed in the lower portion of the other end of the cylinder and.

Referring to fig. 3, the drying device 18 in this embodiment is a rotatably disposed drying outer cylinder 37, an outer cylinder guide plate 39 for pushing the material to move axially is disposed in the drying outer cylinder 37, and the first cooling mechanism 19 may also be a heat exchange auger 42 disposed inside the drying outer cylinder 37.

The device is provided with a circular single-cylinder drying outer cylinder body 37 outside, a heat exchange auger 42 is arranged in the middle of the inside of the drying outer cylinder body 37, high-temperature coal gangue is input by a high-temperature discharge auger 23, an auger piece is driven by the rotation of a transmission device linkage shaft of the heat exchange auger 42 to rotate, roll, dissipate heat and forward propel the heat until the high-temperature auger discharge port is discharged, and then the heat is transmitted into the drying outer cylinder body 37 by the indirect heat conduction of the cylinder body of the heat exchange auger 42 to dry the material. The material enters from the feed inlet of the drying outer cylinder 37 and rotates along with the cylinder, the material rolls in the drying outer cylinder 37, and the material is rolled and pushed forward by an outer cylinder guide plate 39 and an outer cylinder lifting blade arranged on the inner wall of the drying cylinder until the dried material is discharged from the discharge outlet of the drying outer cylinder 37. Sealing devices 53 are arranged at two ends of the outer drying barrel 37, and the material inlet and the material outlet at two ends of the outer drying barrel 37 are fixed and do not rotate, so that the barrel is ensured to be dried in an internal closed state. The gangue with high-temperature waste heat is directly fed into the high-temperature auger barrel to dissipate heat, the interlayer conducts heat to dry materials, the heat conduction effect is good, the heat utilization rate is high, the material drying time is short, the speed is high, the yield is high, and the cost is reduced. The waste heat conversion technology is utilized to reduce the heat of the coal gangue by inputting a large amount of equipment and consuming a large amount of energy, and the waste heat is utilized to directly convert the coal gangue into heat energy for drying the materials, so that the energy is greatly saved, the energy consumption is reduced, the emission is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The second cooling mechanism 9 is an auger cooling device, and can adopt an auger carbon cooling device in CN 202010192055.2. The drying material conveying auger 20, also called a screw conveyor, is connected with a discharge port of the drying device 18 and is connected with a feed port of the cracking treatment device through a hoisting machine 21.

The control cabinet is formed by assembling switch equipment, measuring instruments, protective electrical appliances and auxiliary equipment in a closed or semi-closed metal cabinet according to the wiring requirements of the electrical appliances, and the arrangement of the control cabinet meets the requirements of normal operation of an electric power system, so that the control cabinet is convenient to overhaul and does not endanger the safety of people and surrounding equipment. When the circuit is normally operated, the circuit can be switched on or switched off by a manual or automatic switch, and when the circuit is in fault or abnormal operation, the circuit is switched off or alarmed by a protective electric appliance. The measuring instrument is used for displaying various parameters in operation, some electrical appliance parameters can be adjusted, the deviation from the normal working state is prompted or a signal is sent, and the control cabinet is mainly used for adjusting and protecting the equipment operation of the device.

Referring to fig. 4, the cracking treatment device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle is a concentric horizontal double-barrel hollow cylinder composed of two cylinders with different diameters, the outer barrel of each adjacent cracking reaction kettle is communicated with the outer barrel, the inner barrel is communicated with the inner barrel, the cracking reaction kettles are communicated with each other from top to bottom and connected in series, the lowest cracking reaction kettle is connected with a heating device 16, a drying device 18 is communicated with the inner barrel of the uppermost cracking reaction kettle through a discharge port of a screw conveyor or a discharge port of a lifter, two ends of the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle are sealed through end sockets, and waveform metal expansion joints 52 are arranged between the two adjacent cracking reaction kettles and between the barrel and the end socket of each cracking reaction kettle.

The plurality of cracking reaction kettles comprise a first cracking reaction kettle 12, a second cracking reaction kettle 13, a third cracking reaction kettle 14 and a fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the first cracking reaction kettle 12 is connected with a heating device 16, and coal gangue dried by a drying device 18 sequentially passes through the inner cylinders of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the third cracking reaction kettle 14, the second cracking reaction kettle 13 and the first cracking reaction kettle 12; after the heating device 16 heats the first cracking reactor 12, the hot gas in the cracking reactor interlayer 46 of the first cracking reactor 12 flows through the cracking reactor interlayers 46 of the second cracking reactor 13, the third cracking reactor 14 and the fourth cracking reactor 15 in sequence.

The cracking reaction kettle is two concentric horizontal cylinders with different diameters, a cracking kettle interlayer 46 is formed between the outer cylinder 43 and the inner cylinder 44 of the cracking kettle, and the cracking kettle interlayer 46 is used for heating the inner cylinder 44 of the cracking kettle by heating hot gas from bottom to top. The device has adopted a plurality of cracking reaction cauldron to establish ties and intercommunicate and use, at the combustor nozzle 63 of the installation of first cracking reaction cauldron 12 bottom combustion chamber 62 both sides, has avoided combustor nozzle 63 flame directly to barrel 44 bottom burning in the cracking reaction cauldron, and this design burning is heated evenly, has reduced the destruction that direct combustion led to the fact the barrel, prolongs cracking reaction cauldron's life. The heat energy generated by heating is heated from bottom to top for cracking treatment of the cracking reaction kettle, and continuous operation is maintained for 24 hours. Be provided with hollow shaft 47 in the middle of this schizolysis reation kettle, high temperature in the cauldron down long-time operation can warp the bending, so this hollow shaft 47 has adopted the enhancement design, sets up in the middle of hollow shaft 47 and installs the cross strengthening rib, and this design has increased hollow shaft 47's intensity, prevents effectively that hollow shaft 47 from moving under high temperature and causing hollow shaft 47 to warp the bending, has guaranteed the normal operating of equipment, has prolonged the life of equipment. The outer heating device 16 is arranged at the bottom below the cracking kettle feeding hole 51 of the first cracking reaction kettle 12, and when the temperature in the kettle does not reach the temperature required by complete cracking after the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 12 is heated, the outer heating device 16 is arranged and adopted to heat from the outside to meet the temperature required by cracking in the kettle, so that the device is flexible, convenient and controllable. The baffle plate 61 is arranged in front of the discharge hole 60 of the cracking kettle, and the design technology ensures that the materials have enough residence time in the kettle to be subjected to complete cracking carbonization. The coal gangue is discharged from a cracking kettle discharge port 60 at one end of the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 12 after being dried and cracked to enter a high-temperature material box 22 of a high-temperature material dry discharging device and then discharged by a high-temperature discharging auger 23, and the high-temperature material box 22 and the high-temperature discharging auger 23 play a role in material sealing and sealing. The cracking reaction kettle is provided with drying sealed feeding arranged at the front and the back and sealed discharging after cracking, and the device ensures that the cracking reaction kettle is in a totally sealed anaerobic state in the cracking treatment process and has no discharge midway.

The device adopts the low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment technology to treat all organic solid wastes (including organic matters such as coal gangue, straws, household garbage, industrial garbage, oil sludge, solid wastes and hazardous wastes) without classification and screening treatment and secondary pollution in the treatment process. The bearing 54 at the two ends of the cracking reaction kettle works at high temperature to directly influence the service life of the bearing 54 and the normal operation of equipment, which can not be solved by the prior art, the invention adopts an external design on the equipment structure, the bearing seat 56 and the bearing 54 are moved to the outer sides of the end sockets at the two ends for installation, in addition, the solid shaft heads 55 at the two ends are provided with a water cooling device through punching and water circulation cooling treatment, and the service life of the bearing 54 is ensured. Sealing devices 53 are arranged on the outer sides of end covers 57 at two ends of the outer cylinder 43 of the cracking kettle, so that the outer cylinder plays a role in sealing and isolating oxygen. The design technology ensures that the kettle runs in a closed oxygen-free state. The invention designs and installs the wave-shaped metal expansion joint 52 between the two ends of the cylinder and the end cover 57 in the reaction kettle, and also designs and installs the wave-shaped metal expansion joint 52 between the upper and lower material inlet and outlet ports of the cracking reaction kettle, thus effectively eliminating the attraction of the cracking reaction kettle on the cylinder caused by the expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold when the cracking reaction kettle works at high temperature, and prolonging the service life of the cracking reaction kettle. According to the invention, the spiral air duct is designed and installed in the cracking kettle interlayer 46 between the cracking kettle outer cylinder 43 and the cracking kettle inner cylinder 44, hot air heated by the heating device 16 at the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 12 enters the interlayer hot air duct and then enters the spiral air duct to heat the cracking reaction kettle inner cylinder, the stay time of the hot air in the kettle is prolonged due to the design of the spiral air duct, heat energy is fully utilized, the rapid temperature rise in the kettle is ensured, and the cracking of materials is accelerated.

Referring to fig. 5 to 9, the cracking reaction kettles are described one by one as follows:

a fourth cleavage reaction vessel 15 comprising: the device comprises a cracking kettle inner cylinder 44, a cracking kettle outer cylinder 43, an end cover 57, an access hole, a solid shaft head 55, a hollow shaft 47, a propeller blade 48, a spiral air duct, a corrugated metal expansion joint 52, a bearing 54, a bearing seat 56, a sealing device 53, a coupling, a transmission device, a cracking kettle feed inlet 51, a cracking kettle discharge outlet 60, an interlayer hot air inlet 59, an interlayer hot air outlet 50, a cracking gas outlet 49, an external heating hot air inlet 58, a cylinder external heat-insulating layer 45, a measurement sensing device and a cylinder fixing support.

The cracking kettle inner cylinder 44 is a horizontal cylinder, is a single-layer cylinder, is arranged in the outer cylinder, is mutually connected, fixed and does not rotate, and is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel and high-temperature-resistant special boiler steel materials. The two ends of the barrel 44 in the cracking kettle and the middle position of the barrel 44 in the cracking kettle are provided with wave-shaped metal expansion joints 52 which are connected with each other by flanges. A cracking kettle feed inlet 51 is designed at one end above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the cracking kettle feed inlet 51 is connected with the drying device 18 through a flange at a discharge port of an auger conveyor or a lifter, a cracking gas outlet 49 is arranged at one end above a cracking kettle inner cylinder 44 and communicated with a cracking kettle outer cylinder 43, the cracking gas outlet 49 is directly connected with a pipeline, cracking gas is guided into a cracking gas treatment device through a pipeline downstream, a cracking kettle discharge port 60 is arranged at one end below the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the cracking kettle discharge port 60 is connected with the cracking kettle feed inlet 51 of the third cracking reaction kettle 14, a waveform metal expansion joint 52 is arranged in the middle, two ends of the waveform metal expansion joint 52 are connected through flanges, and the totally-closed anaerobic state in the kettle must be ensured in the cracking treatment operation process in the whole cracking reaction kettle.

The outer barrel 43 of the cracking kettle is a circular horizontal barrel, and is arranged outside the inner barrel 44 of the cracking kettle and is mutually connected and fixed with the inner barrel 44 of the cracking kettle without rotation. Adopt high temperature resistant stainless steel and high temperature resistant special boiler steel material to make, barrel 44 and outer barrel 43 of pyrolysis kettle in the pyrolysis kettle are two different diameter concentric cylinders, formed pyrolysis kettle intermediate layer 46 between two barrels, set up the spiral wind channel of having installed in pyrolysis kettle intermediate layer 46, the spiral wind channel is connected with the outer barrel of pyrolysis kettle, pyrolysis kettle outer barrel 43 both ends are connected with end cover 57, outer barrel 43 of pyrolysis kettle is circular horizontal barrel, outer barrel 43 peripheral surface installation of pyrolysis kettle is about 15 ~ 25 centimeters thick high temperature resistant fire prevention fire-retardant outer heat preservation 45. The feed inlet 51 of the cracking kettle is connected with the discharge outlet of the drying device 18 by a flange, one end above the outer barrel 43 of the cracking kettle is provided with a cracking gas outlet 49 which is communicated with the inner barrel 44 of the cracking kettle, the cracking gas outlet 49 is directly connected with a pipeline, the cracking gas is guided into a cracking gas treatment device by pipeline downstream, one end above the outer barrel 43 of the cracking kettle is provided with an interlayer hot gas outlet 50, the interlayer hot gas outlet 50 is connected with a high-temperature induced draft fan 11, and the interlayer hot gas is sent into the drying device 18 by the high-temperature induced draft fan 11 through an air pipe for material. A discharge port is arranged at one end below the outer barrel 43 of the cracking kettle of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 and communicated with the inner barrel 44 of the cracking kettle, the discharge port is connected with a feed port 51 of the cracking kettle of the third cracking reaction kettle 14, a corrugated metal expansion joint 52 is arranged in the middle, two ends of the corrugated metal expansion joint 52 are connected through flanges, an interlayer hot gas inlet 59 is arranged at one end below the outer barrel 43 of the cracking kettle of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the interlayer hot gas inlet 59 is connected with an interlayer hot gas outlet 50 at one end above the outer barrel 43 of the cracking kettle of the third cracking reaction kettle 14 through a flange, the corrugated metal expansion joint 52 is arranged in the middle, and two ends of the corrugated metal expansion joint 52 are connected through flanges.

And the end covers 57 are arranged on the outer sides of the wave-shaped metal expansion joints 52 at the two ends of the cylinder body and are made of high-temperature-resistant boiler steel plates or stainless steel materials through welding processing. The two ends of the cylinder body have a sealing function on the cylinder body, the hollow shaft 47 is arranged at the center of the end cover 57, and the sealing devices 53 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover 57 and are tightly matched with each other.

The access hole is installed at 15 top both ends in fourth schizolysis reation kettle, barrel 44 and the outer barrel 43 polyphone intercommunication of schizolysis cauldron in the schizolysis cauldron, and the access hole top is provided with the safety cover, installs the fire-retardant sealing material of high temperature resistant fire prevention below the safety cover, and the fire-retardant outer heat preservation of high temperature resistant fire prevention is installed to the safety cover top, and the device mainly makes things convenient for the overhaul of the equipments and sets up.

Solid spindle nose 55 forms for carbon steel welding process, install the both ends at hollow shaft 47, solid spindle nose 55 department installs high temperature resistant bearing 54, bearing 54 installs in bearing frame 56, bearing frame 56 is installed in the cauldron body both ends sealing device 53 outside, be equipped with two water holes on bearing frame 56 and the solid spindle nose 55 respectively, two holes link to each other, a hole is the inlet opening, another hole is the apopore, use with the water cooling device cooperation, play cooling effect, the life of extension bearing 54, guarantee the normal operating of equipment.

The hollow shaft 47 is formed by welding seamless steel tubes and is installed in the middle of the kettle, the hollow shaft 47 is arranged in the middle of the main shaft, the two ends of the shaft are solid shafts, high-temperature-resistant bearings 54 are installed at solid shaft heads 55 at the two ends of the shaft, the bearings 54 are installed in bearing seats 56, the bearing seats 56 are installed on the outer sides of sealing devices 53 at the two ends of the kettle, and the bearing seats 56 and the solid shaft heads 55 at the two ends of the shaft are respectively provided with a water cooling device. The hollow shaft 47 is provided with a propeller blade 48, and the materials enter the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, and the main shaft and the propeller blade 48 are driven by a transmission device to continuously turn, copy and forward push the materials until the materials are discharged from a discharge hole.

The propeller blades 48 are arranged on a hollow shaft 47 body in the kettle body and are formed by welding a hollow seamless steel pipe and an anticorrosive steel plate, the propeller blades are arranged in a multi-row, interval and ladder mode according to the calculation design of the space in the kettle, the design of the propeller blades is provided with an inclination angle, the arrangement is uniform without dead angles, the propeller blades 48 are arranged behind the propeller blades arranged on a main shaft below a feed port 51 of the cracking kettle and are 1-2 meters, the design is to prevent materials from entering the feed port and then being accumulated at the feed port, when the materials enter the kettle, the materials are repeatedly turned and fried in the kettle by a transmission device and the propeller blades 48 to push the materials forward until the materials are discharged.

Spiral air duct, install in pyrolysis cauldron intermediate layer 46 between outer barrel 43 of barrel 44 and pyrolysis cauldron in the pyrolysis cauldron, be formed by steel sheet preparation welding, be connected with the interior outer barrel of pyrolysis cauldron, adopt spiral design around barrel 44 surface around in the pyrolysis cauldron around, supply to heat steam and heat around barrel 44 heating in the pyrolysis cauldron through intermediate layer spiral air duct, this spiral air duct design, it is long to make heating steam dwell time in spiral air duct, the programming rate is fast, make the material split completely fast in the pyrolysis cauldron, the increase of production, and the cost is reduced.

The corrugated metal expansion joint 52 is formed by adopting a unique process, selecting a special steel plate or stainless steel material and performing one-step compression molding through a high-pressure press or welding through a welding process. Two ends of the wave-shaped metal expansion joint 52 are connected by flanges, and a single wave-shaped metal expansion joint or a plurality of wave-shaped metal expansion joints 52 can be used in a superposed connection mode. The device is arranged between two ends of a cracking kettle inner cylinder 44 of a fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 and an end cover 57 and at the middle position of the cracking kettle inner cylinder 44, and a wave-shaped metal expansion joint 52 adopting a welding process is adopted. The middle position between the upper feed inlet and the lower feed outlet of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 and the middle position between the hot air inlet 59 and the air outlet of the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 are connected by flanges by adopting a corrugated metal expansion joint 52 formed by one-time pressing, and the outer side of the corrugated metal expansion joint 52 of the barrel 44 in the cracking reaction kettle is provided with an end cover 57 which is connected by flanges. The corrugated metal expansion joint 52 mainly plays a role in adjusting or eliminating the cylinder attraction force generated by the operating temperature of the cracking reaction kettle body at high temperature on the cylinder through the device. The protective kettle body does not deform or crack in the operation process, and the service life of the cracking reaction kettle body is prolonged.

The bearing 54 is installed in the bearing seat 56 outside the sealing devices 53 at the two ends of the kettle body, the bearing seat 56 is installed outside the sealing devices 53 at the two ends of the kettle body, the bearing seat 56 is fixedly and tightly connected with the sealing devices 53, and the bearing 54 is affected by the temperature in the kettle and works at high temperature, so that the service life of the bearing 54 can be affected. In order to enable the bearing 54 to normally operate in a high-temperature environment, a water circulation cooling process is adopted, water holes are designed in the bearing seat 56 and the two end solid shaft heads 55 of the main shaft, and a water circulation cooling device is utilized to achieve the cooling effect of the bearing 54, ensure the normal operation of equipment and prolong the service life of the bearing 54.

The bearing seat 56 is made of cast steel, is formed by casting technology and is formed by one-step forming and machining. The bearing seat 56 is provided with a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole which are communicated with each other, and the bearing 54 is cooled by a water cooling device.

The sealing device 53 includes a packing seal and a mechanical seal, wherein the packing seal is a gland seal. And is mounted on the outer side of end cover 57 at two ends of the cylinder body, and it can produce pressing force by means of pressing cover so as to press packing material, and can force the packing material to press radial force of sealing effect so as to implement sealing action. The packing sealing structure is simple and convenient to operate and maintain. The mechanical seal is arranged between the packing seal and the bearing 54, the device is formed by one-time pressing and forming of high-strength steel or stainless steel in a high-pressure press and welding, is a shaft seal device of rotary machinery, is a device for preventing fluid leakage, is formed by keeping fit and relative sliding of at least one pair of end faces perpendicular to a rotation axis under the action of fluid pressure and the elasticity or the magnetic force of a compensation mechanism and the cooperation of auxiliary seal, is arranged outside end covers 57 at two ends of a shaft, and plays a role in sealing a cylinder and the shaft.

The coupling is made of high-strength wear-resistant steel, mainly plays a role in connection and transmission of a transmission device and a main shaft, plays a role in protecting a motor and a speed reducer under the conditions of overlarge torsion force and overload of the shaft, and is convenient for equipment maintenance.

The transmission device comprises a motor and a gearbox. The motor drives the gearbox, the gearbox sets the rotating speed as required and drives the main shaft and the propeller blade 48 in the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 to rotate through the coupling, and then the materials in the kettle are driven to advance and accelerate the cracking of the materials.

The device is designed for material entering and discharging, the cracking kettle feed inlet 51 is designed at one end above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the cracking kettle feed inlet 51 is connected with the drying device 18 through the discharge outlet of an auger conveyor or a lifter, the cracking kettle discharge outlet 60 is designed at one end below the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the cracking kettle discharge outlet 60 can also be arranged at one end side surface of the cracking kettle outer cylinder 43 for discharging, the cracking kettle discharge outlet 60 is connected with the cracking kettle feed inlet 51 above the third cracking reaction kettle 14, a waveform metal expansion joint 52 is designed and installed at the middle position between the cracking kettle feed inlet and the cracking kettle discharge outlet, and the two ends are connected by flanges.

The interlayer hot gas inlet 59 and the interlayer hot gas outlet 50 are designed for the inlet and the outlet of interlayer hot gas, the interlayer hot gas inlet 59 is designed at one end below the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, and the interlayer hot gas inlet 59 is connected with the interlayer hot gas outlet 50 at one end above the third cracking reaction kettle 14 by a flange. The middle design is provided with a wave-shaped metal expansion joint 52, and the two ends are connected by flanges. Interlayer hot gas outlet 50 designs in 15 top one ends in fourth schizolysis reation kettle, interlayer

hot gas outlet

50 and 11 lug connection of high temperature draught fan, send interlayer hot gas into the hot gas entry of drying device 18 top one end through the pipeline by high temperature draught fan 11, supply drying device 18 to carry out drying process to the material, this interlayer hot gas be with the schizolysis reation kettle cauldron between cauldron and the cauldron outer barrel 43 be connected, interlayer hot gas gets into cauldron body interlayer spiral duct in the circulation from bottom to top and flows the heating of schizolysis cauldron inner barrel 44.

And a pyrolysis gas outlet 49 which is designed for discharging pyrolysis gas, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet 49 is designed at one end above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the pyrolysis gas outlet 49 is directly connected with a pipeline, and the pyrolysis gas is sent into a pyrolysis gas treatment device through the pipeline to be treated and purified and then enters a gas bag to be stored.

External heating steam air inlet 58, be by the external heating steam air inlet 58 of 15 bottoms of fourth schizolysis reation kettle is sent into hot-blast through the tuber pipe to high temperature draught fan 11 after the heating of outside auxiliary heating device 17, then the spiral duct that gets into in the schizolysis cauldron intermediate layer 46 heats barrel 44 in the schizolysis cauldron, the external heating steam air inlet 58 and the direct flange of using of tuber pipe of fourth schizolysis reation kettle 15 are connected, the device is the 15 standby heating of fourth schizolysis reation kettle, play the quick adjustment and heat, increase of production, the schizolysis accelerates.

The outer heat preservation layer 45 is installed on the outer surface of the kettle body of the cracking reaction kettle, is about 15-25 cm thick, plays a heat preservation and insulation role on the temperature in the kettle, is installed around the outer surface of the kettle body, is made of fireproof flame-retardant heat preservation materials, is made of a stainless steel thin plate or a thin color steel plate cover on the surface, is modularly designed according to the surface shape and size of the outer barrel 43 of the cracking reaction kettle, and is directly assembled on site. The heat preservation effect is good for advantage, simple structure, simple to operate, the maintenance of being convenient for.

And the measuring and sensing device is arranged on the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 and is used for measuring the changes of temperature, pressure, rotating speed of a shaft and the like in the kettle, the sensor transmits the detected data to the control center, and the staff can master and adjust the change of material cracking treatment and the actual situation in the kettle at any time through data analysis.

The barrel fixing support is formed by welding profile steels and is arranged at two ends and the middle position of the bottom of the barrel 43 outside the cracking kettle, and the lower part of the barrel fixing support is fixed on a horizontal steel beam rail, so that the balance and stability of the cracking reaction kettle are ensured.

Compared with the fourth cracking reactor 15, the third cracking reactor 14 is added with a baffle plate 61. And the third cracking reaction kettle 14 is not provided with a cracking gas outlet, and in addition, a feed and discharge port and an external heating hot gas inlet of the third cracking reaction kettle 14 and the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 are arranged in the opposite directions. The striker plate 61 is made of a steel plate and is arranged in front of a cracking kettle discharge port 60 at one end below the third cracking reaction kettle 14, the height of the striker plate 61 can be flexibly adjusted as required, the height of the striker plate is less than half of the diameter of the barrel 44 in the cracking kettle, and the striker plate 61 is arranged at the lower half part of the barrel 44 in the cracking kettle. The main function is to adjust the stay time of the material in the cracking treatment in the kettle, and ensure the material to have sufficient time for complete cracking in the kettle.

Compared with the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the second cracking reaction kettle 13 and the first cracking reaction kettle 12 are also provided with a material baffle plate 61, and the material baffle plates of the first cracking reaction kettle, the second cracking reaction kettle and the third cracking reaction kettle are basically the same. And the second cracking reactor 13 and the first cracking reactor 12 are not provided with cracking gas outlets. In addition, the feed/discharge port and the externally heated hot gas inlet of the second cracking reactor 13 are disposed in the same direction as the fourth cracking reactor 15, and the feed/discharge port and the externally heated hot gas inlet of the first cracking reactor 12 are disposed in the same direction as the third cracking reactor 14. The outer cylinder of the first cracking reactor 12 is additionally provided with a combustion chamber.

A heating device 16 comprising: a combustion chamber 62, a combustion bed, a burner, an auto-ignition device, and a regulator valve 64.

The combustion chamber 62 is fixed at the bottom of the lower part of the outer barrel 43 of the cracking kettle of the first cracking reaction kettle 12 and is provided with a rectangular combustion chamber 62, the combustion chamber 62 is connected with the outer barrel 43 of the cracking kettle at the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 12, combustion beds are installed on the inner sides of two sides of the combustion chamber 62, the periphery of the combustion chamber 62 is sealed by steel plate girth welding, and the full combustion of fuel gas is ensured without gas emission.

The combustion bed is arranged on the inner sides of two sides of the combustion chamber 62 and is formed by welding anticorrosive steel and stainless steel materials, a combustor nozzle 63, a regulating valve 64, a gas pipeline, an oxygen pipeline and a control device are arranged on the combustion bed, and the combustion bed is convenient to disassemble and maintain.

And the burner nozzle 63 are arranged on the combustion bed, the burner nozzle 63 is arranged on the burner, the burner nozzle 63 is upward and inclined at an angle, and the burner nozzle is opposite to the cracking kettle inner cylinder 44 of the first cracking reaction kettle 12 for heating. The burner is composed of a burner shell, a gas pipe, a gas cap, an air cyclone piece, a safety regulating valve and the like. The burner nozzle 63 adopts a modular design, has a simple structure, is convenient to install and maintain, safe and stable in combustion, free of backfire and fire-off phenomena, sufficient in combustion, energy-saving and environment-friendly.

The automatic ignition device adopts a pulse igniter, is a common ignition mode of industrial combustion equipment, consists of a switch igniter, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, high ignition and ignition rate, stable combustion, strong controllability, simple structure, convenient maintenance, safety and reliability.

The governing valve 64 is installed between combustor and oxygen intake pipe and gas intake pipe, and oxygen intake pipe and gas intake pipe are connected to governing valve 64 one end, and the other end passes through the pipeline to be connected with the combustor, and governing valve 64 mainly is used for adjusting the best proportion of admitting air of gas and oxygen, lets the gas fully burn.

Exhaust gas treatment device 24, also known as: the spray desulfurization tower comprises a desulfurization tower cylinder, a stirrer, a spray device, a demister, a backwashing device, a sedimentation tank, an air inlet, an air outlet and the like. The desulfurizing tower barrel adopts the steel sheet to make for the cylinder, it is equipped with the air inlet to spray the desulfurizing tower bottom, pressurize by the high temperature draught fan, send dust and tail gas into desulfurizing tower bottom air inlet through the pipeline, desulfurizing tower bottom is the sedimentation tank, install a side agitator in the tower, the tower body middle part is equipped with the three-layer and sprays the water distribution device, two-layer defroster, three-layer back flush device, a plurality of shower nozzles of multilayer in the desulfurizing tower, no dead angle sprays alkaline water smoke, the top of desulfurizing tower is equipped with the gas vent, dust and tail gas get into plasma deodorizing device after handling purification after getting into the tower body, reach national emission standard requirement after the purification treatment.

The cracked gas treatment device comprises a three-phase separator 25, a condenser 26, a gas-liquid separator 27, an oil-water separator 28, a desulfurization and dechlorination device 33 and a water treatment mechanism 29, wherein the three-phase separator 25 is connected with a cracked gas outlet of the cracked treatment device, a water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 25 is connected with the oil-water separator 28, a gas phase outlet of the three-phase separator 25 is connected with the condenser 26, a liquid phase outlet of the condenser 26 is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 27, a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 27 is connected with the oil-water separator 28, oil phase outlets of the three-phase separator 25, the condenser 26, the gas-liquid separator 27 and the oil-water separator 28 are connected with an oil storage tank, the oil storage tank is divided into a heavy oil. The gas-phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 27 is connected with a desulfurization and dechlorination device 33, a gas deodorization and purification device 34 and a gas storage bag 35 in sequence, and the gas storage bag 35 is connected with a gas generator 36.

A three-phase separator 25 comprising: the device comprises a cylinder, an air inlet baffle, a mist trap, an air outlet, a down-flow area, an oil outlet, a distributor, a drain outlet, a pressure gauge and the like. The device appearance is the cylinder, the top is the head, the bottom is circular flat, first one side of barrel is equipped with the air inlet, the air inlet is connected with the trachea, air inlet valve is installed to trachea one end, be equipped with the baffle in the air inlet, mist trap is installed at the barrel top, mist trap top face head center is equipped with the gas outlet, the gas outlet is connected with the trachea, trachea one end is equipped with the air vent valve, barrel middle part below is the precipitation district, the distributor is installed to precipitation district below, barrel below bottom is the toper drain, lower half precipitation district one side of barrel is equipped with the oil-out, the oil-out is connected with oil pipe, oil pipe one end is equipped with the. A pressure gauge is arranged on one side of the upper half part of the cylinder body, the gas outlet of the device sends separated gas into a condenser 26 through a valve and a gas pipe, and the oil outlet sends oil into an oil storage tank through a valve and an oil pipe. The bottom sewage outlet sends sewage into a sewage treatment device through a valve and a sewage pipe, and the sewage is sent into a circulating pool for recycling after being subjected to deodorization and purification treatment.

The condenser 26 is a cylindrical cylinder made of stainless steel or carbon steel. The method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a cylinder, a condensation tube array, an upper end enclosure, a lower end enclosure, an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, a water inlet, a water outlet, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet and the like. The upper end of the cylinder is provided with a water outlet, the top end of the upper end enclosure of the cylinder is provided with a feed inlet, the bottom end of the lower end enclosure of the cylinder is provided with a discharge outlet, the upper end of the cylinder is provided with an upper fixed plate, the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a lower fixed plate, and the condensation tubes are arranged in the cylinder through the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate which are parallel up and down. The upper end enclosure and one end of the feed inlet are provided with first flanges, the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with second flanges, and the first flanges and the second flanges are connected through threads. The upper portion and the lower part of barrel are equipped with respectively with barrel internal connection's washing case, wash the case and include body and case lid, wash the open end of case body and pass through the case lid and seal. An evenly distributing plate is arranged between the feeding hole and the upper fixing plate, and a baffle plate is arranged between the discharging hole and the lower fixing plate.

The gas-liquid separator 27 has many separation structures, and the separation method includes: 1. settling by gravity; 2. baffling and separating; 3. separating by centrifugal force; 4. separating the silk screen; 5. performing ultrafiltration separation; 6. filler separation, etc. Because the density of the gas is different from that of the liquid, when the liquid and the gas are mixed and flow together, if the liquid meets the barrier, the gas can be deflected to move away, the liquid continues to have a forward speed due to inertia, and the forward liquid is attached to the surface of the barrier packing, is gathered together downwards due to the gravity effect and is discharged through a discharge pipe. The packing has larger barrier wall area compared with the common baffling classification, and the liquid is easier to be attached to the wall after multiple times of baffling, so the separation efficiency is higher.

The oil-water separator 28 includes: the device comprises a cylinder body, an upper end enclosure, an air inlet, an air outlet, a reversing plate, a liquid guide pipe, a rotational flow reversing pipe, a liquid distribution plate, a liquid collection filter, an automatic water drain valve and the like. The circular cylinder of the device can be made of stainless steel and carbon steel by welding. The top end of the upper part of the cylinder body is provided with a seal head, one side of the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with an air inlet, the other side of the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with an air outlet, an automatic valve is arranged outside the air inlet, and the two ends of the valve are connected by a steel pipe through a flange. The automatic valve is arranged outside the air outlet, and the two ends of the valve are connected by a steel pipe through flanges. An automatic valve is arranged outside the air outlet, and two ends of the valve are connected by a steel pipe through a flange. The cyclone reversing pipe is arranged in the middle of the barrel body, the cyclone reversing pipe is specifically arranged in the middle of the inside of the barrel body, the reversing plate and the liquid guide pipe are arranged on the inner wall of the barrel body, the liquid distribution plate is arranged below the inside of the barrel body, the bottom of the lower portion is a conical liquid collection area, the liquid collection filter is arranged below the bottom of the barrel body at the same time, the automatic valve is arranged below the liquid collection filter, separated sewage is discharged from the bottom valve, a water pump is arranged to send the sewage into the sewage treatment device through well-distributed water pipes, and the sewage is sent into the water circulation tank 30 for.

A desulfurization and dechlorination device 33, which is a circulating fluidized bed, and is a method for desulfurization and dechlorination of the cracked gas. The method comprises the steps of separating solid particles leaving a circulating fluidized bed reactor by a cyclone separator, simultaneously feeding the solid particles and quicklime into a humidifier, spraying atomized water droplets into the humidifier, humidifying the solid particles to activate spent desulfurizer in the solid particles, humidifying the quicklime to digest the solid particles, feeding the solid particles into the circulating fluidized bed reactor, and reacting acid gas components in the circulating fluidized bed with the activated spent desulfurizer and the digested lime. The device mainly comprises a water pump circulating material flow humidifying device, a circulating fluidized bed reactor and the like. The device humidifies fresh desulfurizer and spent desulfurizer in the humidifier, the material entering the circulating fluidized bed is a wet material, the scaling caused by spraying slurry in the conventional circulating fluidized bed can be solved, and the problems of abrasion, blockage and the like of a nozzle do not exist in pulping equipment due to the fact that lime digestion in a conventional desulfurization system is cancelled.

The automatic control device is composed of a controlled object and a control device. The control device basically comprises: the device comprises a measuring device, a given link, a comparison link, an amplification link, an actuating mechanism, a correcting device and the like. (1) The control method comprises the following steps: open-loop control systems, closed-loop control systems, and compound control systems. (2) According to the characteristics of the input signal: constant value control system, follow-up system, program control system. (3) According to the system characteristics: the system comprises a continuous system, a discrete system, a fixed system, a time-varying system, a linear system and a nonlinear system, wherein the linear system has superposition and homogeneity, and the automatic control principle mainly splits the linear fixed system.

The process for treating the coal gangue by using the coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device comprises the following steps:

the coal gangue is transported to a pretreatment workshop by a transport vehicle, and is sent into a temporary coal gangue stacking area after being weighed, measured, registered and put in storage, the coal gangue is sent into a crusher feed inlet by a forklift after entering the pretreatment workshop to be crushed, a dust collecting port is arranged above the crusher feed inlet, and dust is sucked into an air pipe by an induced draft fan 11 through an air pipe suction port and then is sent into a tail gas treatment device to be subjected to dust removal and purification treatment, and then the dust is discharged after reaching the standard. The crushed coal gangue is discharged from a discharge port at the bottom of the crusher and enters a belt conveyor hopper, the crushed coal gangue is sent into a feed port of a coal gangue crusher by the belt conveyor to be crushed, and the crushed coal gangue is sent into a coal gangue storage bin by the belt conveyor after being crushed by the crusher and meeting the required crushing requirement to be temporarily stored and stacked for waiting for processing.

the nitrogen making machine is adopted to charge nitrogen into the drying device 13 and the cracking reaction device to exhaust oxygen in the drying device 13 and the cracking reaction device outwards, then the heating device 20 is started to preheat, heat and heat the cracking reaction kettle, combustible gas stored in the gas storage bag 35 in the early stage or a purchased gas steel cylinder is utilized, and the combustible gas or the purchased gas steel cylinder is sent into the heating device 16 through a gas pipeline. The gas valve, the oxygen valve and the regulating valve 64 are opened by the heating device 16, then the burner is ignited by the electronic automatic ignition device, the burners arranged at two sides of the combustion chamber 62 heat the cylinder in the first cracking reaction kettle 12 in the combustion chamber 62 through the burner nozzles 63, hot gas generated by combustion and heating of the burner enters the cracking kettle interlayer 46 to heat and heat from bottom to top around the reaction, the cracking process is initialized in the early stage by slowly heating firstly to ensure that the cracking reaction kettle slowly deforms after being heated for about 3 hours, and when the temperature rises to 300 ℃, the drying device 18 and the cracking treatment device are started to start to slowly feed materials.

(3) And the coal gangue pretreatment device is used for drying the coal gangue through the drying device 18 and then sending the coal gangue into the cracking treatment device for cracking, and cracking gas generated by the cracking treatment device enters the cracking gas treatment device for collection and treatment.

After the cracking treatment device is heated by preheating, the cracking reaction kettle is initially heated, when the temperature in the kettle rises to about 300 ℃, related equipment such as a material grabbing machine, a belt electronic scale, a spiral conveyor 8, a drying device 18, an auger conveyor, a lifting machine 21, a cracking treatment device, a high-temperature material dry discharging device and the like are started at the same time, slow feeding is started, coal gangue stored in a coal gangue storage bin after coal gangue pretreatment is grabbed into a belt electronic scale hopper by the material grabbing machine for weighing and metering, the weighed coal gangue is sent into a feeding port of the spiral conveyor 8 by the belt electronic scale, and the coal gangue is sent into an outer barrel feeding port of the drying device 18 for drying treatment after being uniformly fed by the spiral conveyor 8. The inner cylinder body of the waste heat drying device 18 utilizes high-temperature materials discharged by the first cracking reaction kettle 12, the temperature is about 500 ℃, the high-temperature materials are sent into the inner cylinder body of the waste heat drying device 18 or a high-temperature auger conveyor to slowly pass through the high-temperature bin 22 through the high-temperature auger, and then the waste heat is guided into the interlayer outer cylinder body through the heat exchange inner cylinder body 38 or the heat exchange auger 42 to dry the coal gangue. An interlayer hot air inlet 59 is arranged below the feed inlet of the outer barrel of the drying device 18, and an interlayer hot air outlet 50 above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 is sent into the outer barrel of the waste heat drying device 18 by a draught fan 11 through a pipeline to dry the coal gangue. The coal gangue slowly passes through the drying cylinder along with the rotation of the cylinder under the action of the material guide plate, is discharged from a discharge port at the tail part of the outer cylinder after being dried, enters a high-temperature auger conveyor and is conveyed into a bucket elevator 21, the materials are conveyed into a feed port of a fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 by the bucket elevator 21 and enter the kettle, and the drying retention time is 30-40 minutes. High temperature material after through interior barrel or high temperature auger conveyor heat conduction cooling discharges from interior barrel or high temperature auger conveyor afterbody discharge gate and gets into auger cooling device and carry out cooling treatment, and tail gas after the stoving is discharged from waste heat drying device 18 one end top tail gas outlet and is sent into tail gas processing apparatus by high temperature draught fan 11 through the pipeline to exhaust tail gas, and discharge up to standard after the processing purification, whole waste heat stoving process is gone on under the totally-enclosed state.

The high-temperature material discharged from the first cracking reaction kettle 12 and needing curing after the coal gangue is cracked directly enters a high-temperature material box 22, then the high-temperature material in the high-temperature material box 22 is sent into a coal gangue curing furnace by a high-temperature auger, the temperature in the furnace is raised to a temperature higher than 800 ℃ after the coal gangue is heated by the curing furnace, after the coal gangue is cured at high temperature in the furnace, the cured high-temperature material is sent into a first cooling mechanism 19 by the high-temperature auger, the material is dried by using waste heat and then is cooled by a cooling device and then is sent into a warehouse.

After the coal gangue is dried by the drying device 18, the dried material conveying auger 20 plays a role in sealing and isolating oxygen in the cylinder by using the self gravity of the material, and then the coal gangue is directly conveyed into the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15. Initializing step heating of a cracking reaction kettle, wherein the temperature in an inner cylinder body of a fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 is 150-250 ℃, the retention time of materials in the kettle is 1-1.5 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft 47 and blades in the kettle is 3-15 revolutions per minute; the temperature in the inner cylinder of the third cracking reaction kettle 14 is 250-400 ℃, the residence time of the materials in the kettle is 1.5-2 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft 47 and the blades in the kettle is 3-15 r/min; the temperature in the inner cylinder of the second cracking reaction kettle 13 is 400-500 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 2-2.5 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft 47 and the blades in the kettle is 3-15 r/min; the temperature in the inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle 12 is 500-600 ℃, the residence time of the materials in the kettle is 2.5-3 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft 47 and the blades in the kettle is 3-15 r/min.

Heating device 16 has been installed to first cracking reaction cauldron 12 bottom setting, heating method can adopt combustor direct heating mode and external heating mode (hot-blast furnace heating), 1, combustor direct heating mode is by the combustion chamber 62 of first cracking reaction cauldron 12 bottom setting installation, install by combustor and combustor nozzle 63 in combustion chamber 62 both sides, still install in the combustion chamber 62 by automatic ignition device and governing valve 64, the preliminary heating can adopt former self gas of collecting in the gas package or purchase liquefied gas outward, allocate the best proportion by gas pipe and oxygen hose through governing valve 64 and get into the combustor, open automatic ignition device and light the interior barrel of first cracking reaction cauldron 12 through the nozzle and heat. 2. An external heating mode (heating by a hot-blast stove) is characterized in that a combustor, a nozzle, a regulating valve 64 and an automatic ignition device are arranged in the external hot-blast stove. The initial heating can adopt original gas and purchase liquefied gas outside that oneself collected in the gas package, allot to optimum proportion and get into the combustor through governing valve 64 by gas pipe and oxygen hose, open automatic ignition and light back and pass through the nozzle to the burning in the stove and reach more than 800 degrees when the hot-blast furnace temperature, send into the outer hot gas inlet 58 of heating in the one end below of first cracking reaction cauldron 12 through the hot-blast main and get into the steam passageway in cracking cauldron intermediate layer 46 by high temperature draught fan 11, the cauldron is interior intermediate layer steam heats the internal cylinder from bottom to top.

Dust and waste gas generated in the coal gangue pretreatment workshop in the pretreatment process are collected and then sent into a tail gas treatment device by a draught fan 11 through a hot air pipe to be treated and purified, and then are discharged after reaching the standard. The barrel in the cracking reaction kettle is heated by the heating device 16, the cracking reaction kettle interlayers 46 are connected and communicated, heating hot air enters the barrel interlayer spiral air duct from the combustion chamber 62 at the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 12 and is used for heating and heating the cracking reaction kettle along the air duct from bottom to top to crack the materials in the kettle, the interlayer hot air is discharged from the interlayer hot air outlet 50 at one end above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15 along the air duct, the discharged interlayer hot air is sent into the interlayer hot air inlet 59 at one end above the drying device 18 through the high-temperature draught fan 11 through the pipeline, the hot air enters the drying device 18 to dry the materials, the hot air enters the barrel and is pushed forward along the advancing direction of the materials, and then the hot air is discharged from the tail gas outlet above one end of the drying device 18. After being discharged, the waste gas is sent into a tail gas treatment device by a high-temperature induced draft fan 11 through a pipeline for treatment and purification, and then is discharged after reaching the standard.

After the material enters the cracking reaction kettle, the heating device 16 heats the inner barrel of the cracking reaction kettle and then conducts cracking treatment on the material in the kettle, the combustible gas generated after the material is subjected to high-temperature cracking is discharged from a cracking gas outlet 49 above one end of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 15, the cracked gas after being discharged enters the cracking gas treatment device through a pipeline downstream, the cracked gas is firstly subjected to three-phase separation, when the cracked gas enters the three-phase separator 25, the temperature in the three-phase separator 25 is controlled at 200 ℃, the heavy cracked oil (tar) starts to crystallize and solidify, the tar is convenient to collect, the heavy cracked oil (tar) and the light oil are separated through the three-phase separation, and the heavy cracked oil (tar) and the light oil (tar) are respectively sent into the heavy oil storage tank 31 and the light oil storage tank 32 through. The separated water is sent to an oil-water separator 28 through a pipeline, the separated gas directly enters a condenser 26 through the pipeline, after the cracked gas enters the condenser 26, the temperature in the condenser 26 is controlled at about 80 ℃, the oil and the vapor in the cracked gas start to crystallize and solidify, the heavy cracked oil (tar) and the light oil separated after the gas is cooled by the condenser 26 are respectively sent to an oil storage tank through the pipeline, the condensed cracked gas directly enters the gas-liquid separation for further treatment, the water discharged after the condensation treatment is directly sent to the oil-water separation for separation through the pipeline, after the cracked gas enters the gas-liquid separation, the temperature in the gas-liquid separation is controlled below 80 ℃, the oil and the vapor in the cracked gas start to crystallize and solidify, the heavy cracked oil (tar) and the light oil are separated through the oil-water separator 28 and are respectively sent to the oil storage tank through the pipeline, the separated water is sent to an oil-water separator 28 for separation through a pipeline, and the separated water is sent to a sewage treatment device for deodorization and purification and then sent to a water circulation pool 30 for recycling. The combustible gas discharged after the pyrolysis gas is processed by the gas-liquid separator 27 is sent to the desulfurization and dechlorination device 33 through a pipeline for processing and purification, and then is sent to a gas bag through a pipeline for storage and recycling, and the combustible gas can be used for the gas generator 36 to generate electricity for self use or to be networked.

The coal gangue is cracked in the cracking reaction kettle in a low-temperature oxygen-free closed state, the completely cracked coal gangue in the kettle is discharged from a discharge port at one end below the first cracking reaction kettle 12, the coal gangue is directly discharged into the high-temperature feed box 22, the temperature of the coal gangue discharged out of the kettle and entering the high-temperature feed box 22 is about 500 ℃, a temperature and pressure sensor and a level meter are mounted above the high-temperature feed box 22, and the real-time temperature and pressure in the high-temperature feed box 22 are transmitted to a central control room for workers to refer to and control at any time. The bottom of the high-temperature material box 22 is provided with a high-temperature discharging auger 23, after the high-temperature material enters the high-temperature material box 22, the high-temperature material is sent into a heat exchange inner cylinder 38 or a heat exchange auger 42 in the drying device 18 by the high-temperature discharging auger 23, and the waste heat of the high-temperature material is guided into a drying outer cylinder 37 of the drying device 18 for drying the material. The high-temperature materials dried by the waste heat are sent into a water cooling device by a high-temperature auger, water in a water storage tank is sent into a water inlet above one end of an auger cooling device 9 through a pipeline, the water is sent into an interlayer spiral water channel between an outer barrel and an inner barrel, the water cools the high-temperature materials in the inner barrel along the spiral water channel, then the high-temperature materials are discharged from a tail water outlet of the auger cooling device, the discharged hot water is sent into a cooling tower by a water pump through a pipeline for cooling, and the water cooled by the cooling tower is sent back to the water storage tank through a pipeline for recycling. The high-temperature material is cooled by a packing auger cooling device 9 and then directly sent into a cracked charcoal warehouse 10. The discharge temperature is below 80 ℃.

The whole coal gangue pyrolysis treatment process comprises coal gangue pretreatment, a drying device 18, a pyrolysis treatment device, a heating device 16, a tail gas treatment device, a pyrolysis gas treatment device, a high-temperature material discharging device, a material storage device and the like, linkage programming is carried out, and data and information collected in the operation process through the linkage programming are all collected, transmitted and collected into a central processing unit of a central control center for collection and storage, wherein the data and the information include related parameters such as weighing quantity, feeding speed, temperature, pressure, flow and air pollution degree in a pyrolysis reaction kettle. The staff carries out analysis according to the collected data and information, and the complete cracking of the coal gangue under the low-temperature and oxygen-free conditions is accurately, timely and flexibly ensured.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a coal gangue low temperature anaerobic cracking processing apparatus which characterized in that: the coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device comprises a coal gangue pretreatment device, a drying device (18), a cracking treatment device, a cracking gas treatment device, a waste gas treatment device (24) and a high-temperature material dry discharging device, wherein the coal gangue pretreatment device is connected with a feeding hole of the drying device (18), a discharging hole of the drying device (18) is connected with a coal gangue feeding hole of the cracking treatment device, a coal gangue discharging hole of the cracking treatment device is connected with a first cooling mechanism (19) through the high-temperature material dry discharging device, the waste gas treatment device (24) is connected with a waste gas discharging hole of the coal gangue pretreatment device, and a cracking gas outlet of the cracking treatment device is connected with the cracking gas treatment device; the high-temperature material dry discharging device comprises a high-temperature material box (22) and a high-temperature material conveying mechanism, the high-temperature material box (22) is connected with a coal gangue discharging hole of the cracking treatment device, one end of the high-temperature material conveying mechanism is connected with the lower end of the high-temperature material box (22), the other end of the high-temperature material conveying mechanism is connected with a feeding hole of a first cooling mechanism (19), the first cooling mechanism (19) is connected with a carbon warehouse (10) through a second cooling mechanism (9), and the first cooling mechanism (19) is arranged on the inner side of a drying device (18).

2. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device of claim 1, characterized in that: the coal gangue pretreatment device is arranged in a closed pretreatment workshop, and the pretreatment workshop is connected with the waste gas treatment device (24) through an induced draft fan (11).

3. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the coal gangue pretreatment device comprises a coal gangue crusher (1), a first belt conveyor (2), a coal gangue crusher (3), a second belt conveyor (4), a coal gangue storage bin (5), a third belt conveyor (6), a belt electronic scale (7) and a spiral conveyor (8) which are connected in sequence.

4. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device of claim 1, characterized in that: drying device (18) for rotate the outer barrel of stoving (37) that sets up, barrel (38) in the heat transfer of barrel (37) inboard outside the stoving is set up for first cooling body (19), barrel (38) and the outer barrel of stoving (37) fixed connection in the heat transfer, be equipped with outer barrel stock guide (39) that promote material axial displacement in the outer barrel of stoving (37), be equipped with interior barrel stock guide (41) that promote material axial displacement in barrel (38) in the heat transfer.

5. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device of claim 1, characterized in that: the drying device (18) is a drying outer cylinder body (37) which is rotatably arranged, an outer cylinder body material guide plate (39) which can push materials to move axially is arranged in the drying outer cylinder body (37), and the first cooling mechanism (19) is a heat exchange packing auger (42) which is arranged on the inner side of the drying outer cylinder body (37).

6. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device of claim 1, characterized in that: the cracking treatment device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, the barrels of the cracking reaction kettles are concentric horizontal double-layer double-barrel hollow cylinders consisting of two cylinders with different diameters, the outer barrels of the adjacent cracking reaction kettles are communicated with the outer barrels, the inner barrels are communicated with the inner barrels, the cracking reaction kettles are connected with one another in series, the lowest cracking reaction kettle is connected with a heating device (16), the discharge port of a drying device (18) is communicated with the inner barrel of the uppermost cracking reaction kettle, two ends of the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle are sealed through end sockets, and waveform metal expansion joints (52) are arranged between the adjacent cracking reaction kettles and between the barrel and the end sockets of each cracking reaction kettle.

7. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device of claim 1, characterized in that: and a hot gas outlet of the outer cylinder of the uppermost cracking reaction kettle is connected with a hot gas inlet of a drying device (18).

8. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device of claim 1, characterized in that: cracked gas processing apparatus include three phase separator (25), condenser (26), vapour and liquid separator (27), oil water separator (28) and water treatment mechanism (29), cracked gas outlet of cracked processing apparatus is connected in three phase separator (25), the aqueous phase exit linkage oil water separator (28) of three phase separator (25), gaseous phase exit linkage condenser (26) of three phase separator (25), the entry of liquid phase exit linkage vapour and liquid separator (27) of condenser (26), the liquid phase exit linkage oil water separator (28) of vapour and liquid separator (27), three phase separator (25), condenser (26), the oil phase exit linkage oil storage tank of vapour and liquid separator (27) and oil water separator (28), the aqueous phase exit linkage water treatment mechanism (29) of oil water separator (28).

9. The process for treating the coal gangue by using the coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(3) the coal gangue pretreatment device dries coal gangue through a drying device (18), then the coal gangue is sent into a cracking treatment device for cracking, and cracked gas generated by the cracking treatment device enters a cracked gas treatment device for collection and treatment;

the cracking treatment device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, wherein the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle is a concentric horizontal double-layer double-barrel hollow cylinder consisting of two cylinders with different diameters, a cracking kettle interlayer (46) is formed between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, the outer barrels of the adjacent cracking reaction kettles are communicated with the outer barrel, the inner barrel is communicated with the inner barrel, and the plurality of cracking reaction kettles are communicated up and down and connected in series;

the plurality of cracking reaction kettles comprise a first cracking reaction kettle (12), a second cracking reaction kettle (13), a third cracking reaction kettle (14) and a fourth cracking reaction kettle (15), the first cracking reaction kettle (12) is connected with a heating device (16), and coal gangue dried by a drying device (18) sequentially passes through the fourth cracking reaction kettle (15), the third cracking reaction kettle (14), the second cracking reaction kettle (13) and an inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle (12);

after the heating device (16) heats the first cracking reaction kettle (12), hot gas in a cracking kettle interlayer (46) of the first cracking reaction kettle (12) sequentially flows through a cracking kettle interlayer (46) of a second cracking reaction kettle (13), a third cracking reaction kettle (14) and a fourth cracking reaction kettle (15);

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the fourth cracking reaction kettle (15) is 150-250 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 1-1.5 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft (47) and blades in the kettle is 3-15 r/min;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the third cracking reaction kettle (14) is 250-400 ℃, the retention time of the materials in the kettle is 1.5-2 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft (47) and blades in the kettle is 3-15 r/min;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the second cracking reaction kettle (13) is 400-500 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 2-2.5 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft (47) and a blade in the kettle is 3-15 r/min;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle (12) is 500-600 ℃, the retention time of materials in the kettle is 2.5-3 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft (47) and the blades in the kettle is 3-15 r/min.

10. The coal gangue low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device of any one of claims 1 to 8 and the application of the coal gangue treatment process of claim 9 in organic waste treatment are characterized in that: the organic waste comprises straw, household garbage, industrial garbage, kitchen waste, coal gangue, oil sludge, solid waste and hazardous waste, does not need to be classified and screened, and does not have secondary pollution in the treatment process.