CN112029523A - Low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device, process and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device, a low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment process and application of the low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device, and relates to the technical field of straw treatment. The discharge port of the drying device is connected with the feed port of the cracking reaction device, the straw carbon outlet of the cracking reaction device is connected with the carbon collecting device through the high-temperature carbon outlet device, the cracking gas outlet of the cracking reaction device is connected with the cracking gas treatment device, the water outlet of the cracking gas treatment device is connected with the sewage treatment device, and the concentrated solution outlet of the sewage treatment device is connected with the feed port of the cracking reaction device. According to the invention, the straw pretreatment device is used for pretreating the straw, then the cracking reaction device is used for cracking the dried straw, and finally the cracking gas generated by the cracking reaction device enters the cracking gas treatment device for collection and treatment, so that the straw cracking gasification is realized, the fuel gas is obtained, the resource utilization of the straw is realized, and the problems of environmental pollution and serious potential safety hazard caused by burning the straw are avoided.

Description

Low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device, process and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of straw treatment, in particular to a low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device, a low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment process and application of the low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device.

Background

The straw is a general term of stem leaf (ear) part of mature crops. Typically refers to the remainder of the wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseed rape, cotton, sugar cane and other crops (typically roughages) after harvesting the seed. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, are multipurpose renewable biological resources, and are also coarse feed.

At present, a large amount of straws are still treated by burning, but the straw burning has great potential safety hazard and can cause serious air pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device, a low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment process and application of the low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device, and aims to solve the problem that straws cannot be effectively treated in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

this straw low temperature anaerobic cracking processing apparatus includes straw preprocessing device, drying device, the schizolysis reaction unit, schizolysis gas treatment device and high temperature play charcoal device, straw preprocessing device connects drying device's feed inlet, cracking reaction device's feed inlet is connected to drying device's discharge gate, schizolysis reaction device's straw charcoal export goes out charcoal device and straw charcoal cooling device through the high temperature that connects gradually and connects charcoal collection device, straw charcoal cooling device sets up the inboard at drying device, schizolysis gas treatment device is connected to schizolysis reaction device's pyrolysis gas outlet, schizolysis gas treatment device's water outlet connection has sewage treatment plant, sewage treatment plant's concentrate exit linkage schizolysis reaction device's feed inlet.

Further, the high-temperature carbon discharging device comprises a high-temperature carbon box and a high-temperature material conveying mechanism, the high-temperature carbon box is connected with a straw carbon outlet of the cracking reaction device, one end of the high-temperature material conveying mechanism is connected with the lower end of the high-temperature carbon box, and the other end of the high-temperature material conveying mechanism is connected with a feeding hole of the straw carbon cooling device.

Furthermore, the straw pretreatment device is connected with a feed inlet of a drying device through a first screw extrusion feeder, and the drying device is connected with a feed inlet of a cracking reaction device through a high-temperature auger conveyor and a second screw extrusion feeder.

Furthermore, the straw pretreatment device is arranged in a closed pretreatment workshop, and the pretreatment workshop is connected with the waste gas treatment device through an induced draft fan.

Further, sewage treatment plant including sewage pretreatment device, charcoal filter equipment, DTRO dish tubular treatment device, degasser and the reverse osmosis unit that connects gradually, charcoal filter equipment and DTRO dish tubular treatment device's concentrate outlet connection schizolysis reaction unit's feed inlet.

Further, sewage pretreatment device including the sewage collecting pit, sewage pretreatment pond and the active carbon adsorption purification pond that connect gradually.

The cracking reaction device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, the barrels of the cracking reaction kettles are concentric horizontal double-layer double-barrel hollow cylinders consisting of two cylinders with different diameters, the outer barrels of adjacent cracking reaction kettles are communicated with the outer barrels, the inner barrels are communicated with the inner barrels, the cracking reaction kettles are communicated with one another from top to bottom and connected in series, the cracking reaction kettle at the lowest part is connected with a heating device, the drying device high-temperature auger conveyor and the second screw extrusion feeder are communicated with the inner barrel of the cracking reaction kettle at the uppermost part, two ends of the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle are sealed through end sockets, and waveform metal expansion joints are arranged between the two adjacent cracking reaction kettles and between the barrel and the end socket of each cracking reaction kettle.

Furthermore, the cracked gas treatment device comprises a three-phase separator, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator and an oil-water separator, wherein the three-phase separator is connected with a cracked gas outlet of the cracking reaction device, a water phase outlet of the three-phase separator is connected with the oil-water separator, a gas phase outlet of the three-phase separator is connected with the condenser, a liquid phase outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator, a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the oil-water separator, a gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the gas collection mechanism, oil phase outlets of the three-phase separator, the condenser, the gas-liquid separator and the oil-water separator are connected with an oil.

The process for treating the straws by using the low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device for the straws is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) crushing and crushing the straws by using a straw pretreatment device;

(2) preheating the cracking reaction device to enable the temperature of the cracking reaction device to reach more than 300 ℃;

(3) the straws of the straw pretreatment device are sent into a drying device to be dried;

(4) and feeding the dried straws into a cracking reaction device for cracking, and feeding cracking gas generated by the cracking reaction device into a cracking gas treatment device for collection and treatment.

Furthermore, the cracking reaction device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle is a concentric horizontal double-layer double-barrel hollow cylinder consisting of two cylinders with different diameters, a cracking kettle interlayer is formed between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, the outer barrel and the outer barrel of the adjacent cracking reaction kettles are communicated, the inner barrel and the inner barrel are communicated, and the plurality of cracking reaction kettles are communicated up and down and connected in series;

the plurality of cracking reaction kettles comprise a first cracking reaction kettle, a second cracking reaction kettle, a third cracking reaction kettle and a fourth cracking reaction kettle, the first cracking reaction kettle is connected with a heating device, and the straws dried by the drying device sequentially pass through the fourth cracking reaction kettle, the third cracking reaction kettle, the second cracking reaction kettle and an inner cylinder body of the first cracking reaction kettle;

after the heating device heats the first cracking reaction kettle, hot gas in the cracking kettle interlayer of the first cracking reaction kettle sequentially flows through cracking kettle interlayers of a second cracking reaction kettle, a third cracking reaction kettle and a fourth cracking reaction kettle;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the fourth cracking reaction kettle is 150-250 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 1-1.5 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft and a paddle in the kettle is 1-15 revolutions per minute;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the third cracking reaction kettle is 250-400 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 1.5-2 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft and a blade in the kettle is 1-15 revolutions per minute;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the second cracking reaction kettle is 400-500 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 2-2.5 hours, and the rotating speed of a hollow shaft and a paddle in the kettle is 1-15 revolutions per minute;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle is 500-600 ℃, the residence time of the materials in the kettle is 2.5-3 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft and the blades in the kettle is 1-15 revolutions per minute.

The straw low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device and the process for treating the straw are applied to treatment of organic wastes, the organic wastes comprise straws, household wastes, industrial wastes, kitchen wastes, coal gangue, oil sludge, solid wastes and dangerous wastes, classification and screening are not needed, and secondary pollution is avoided in the treatment process.

The invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, the straw pretreatment device is used for pretreating the straw, then the cracking reaction device is used for cracking the dried straw, and finally the cracking gas generated by the cracking reaction device enters the cracking gas treatment device for collection and treatment, so that the straw cracking gasification is realized, the fuel gas is obtained, the resource utilization of the straw is realized, and the problems of environmental pollution and serious potential safety hazard caused by burning the straw are avoided. The straw charcoal cooling device is arranged on the inner side of the drying device, and high-temperature straw charcoal in the straw charcoal cooling device is used for drying materials in the drying device, so that the straw charcoal can be cooled, the straw can be dried, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a drying apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cleavage reaction apparatus in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the first cleavage reaction vessel of example 1;

FIG. 5 is a left side view of the first cleavage reaction vessel of example 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second cleavage reaction vessel of example 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a third cleavage reaction vessel in example 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fourth cleavage reaction vessel in example 1;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a drying apparatus in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-straw collection and stacking area 2-pretreatment workshop 3-primary crusher 4-belt conveyor 5-high temperature auger conveyor 6-secondary crusher 7-induced draft fan 8-outer cylinder feed inlet 9-straw storage bin 10-material grabbing machine 11-belt electronic scale 12-first screw extrusion feeder 13-drying device 14-heat exchange mechanism 15-second screw extrusion feeder 16-first cracking reaction kettle 17-second cracking reaction kettle 18-third cracking reaction kettle 19-fourth cracking reaction kettle 20-heating device 21-external auxiliary heating device 22-high temperature carbon box 23-high temperature carbon discharge auger 24-cooling mechanism 25-carbon bin 26-three-phase separator 27-condenser 28-gas-liquid separation auger 24 The device 29-the oil-water separator 30-the waste gas treatment device 31-the heavy oil storage tank 32-the light oil storage tank 33-the desulfuration and dechlorination device 34-the gas deodorization and purification device 35-the gas storage bag 36-the gas generator 37-the outer cylinder discharge 38-the inner cylinder feed inlet 39-the inner cylinder discharge outlet 40-the hot air inlet 41-the hot air outlet 42-the packing auger feed inlet 43-the sewage collection pool 44-the sewage pretreatment pool 45-the active carbon adsorption and purification pool 46-the carbon filtration device 47-the DTRO disc tube type treatment device 48-the degasser 49-the reverse osmosis device 50-the water purification treatment device 51-the packing auger discharge outlet 52-the drying outer cylinder 53-the cooling inner cylinder 54-the outer cylinder guide plate 55-the outer cylinder material plate 52 56-inner cylinder guide plate 57-cooling auger 58-outer cylinder 59 of cracking kettle, inner cylinder 60 of cracking kettle, outer insulating layer 61, interlayer 62 of cracking kettle, hollow shaft 63, screw blade 64, cracking gas outlet 65, interlayer hot gas outlet 66, cracking kettle feed inlet 67, corrugated metal expansion joint 68, sealing device 69, bearing 70, solid shaft head 71, bearing seat 72, end cover 73, external heating hot gas inlet 74, interlayer hot gas inlet 75, cracking kettle discharge outlet 76, baffle plate 77, combustion chamber 78, burner nozzle 79 and regulating valve.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial changes in the technical content.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device comprises a straw pretreatment device, a drying device 13, a cracking reaction device and a cracking gas treatment device, waste gas treatment device 30 and high temperature play charcoal device, straw preprocessing device passes through first screw extrusion batcher 12 and connects drying device 13's feed inlet, drying device 13's discharge gate passes through high temperature auger conveyor 5 and connects second screw extrusion batcher 15, second screw extrusion batcher 15 connects the feed inlet of schizolysis reaction device, the straw charcoal export of schizolysis reaction device passes through high temperature and goes out charcoal device and connect heat transfer mechanism 14, waste gas treatment device 30 connects straw preprocessing device's exhaust outlet, schizolysis gaseous processing apparatus is connected to schizolysis gas outlet 64 of schizolysis reaction device, straw preprocessing device, first screw extrusion batcher 12, the outlet connection of schizolysis gaseous processing apparatus has sewage treatment plant.

The straw pretreatment device is arranged in a closed pretreatment workshop 2, and the pretreatment workshop 2 is connected with a waste gas treatment device 30 through an induced draft fan 7. The whole pretreatment workshop of the straw pretreatment device is designed with a totally-enclosed negative pressure state, a plurality of air suction openings are arranged above the workshop, and a fan absorbs dust and waste gas generated in the pretreatment workshop through a pipeline and sends the dust and the waste gas to a waste gas treatment device 30 to be discharged after dust removal and purification through equipment. The dust and the waste gas generated in the pretreatment process are effectively controlled not to be discharged outwards, and the secondary emission pollution is reduced.

Straw preprocessing device includes that the straw is collected and is stacked district 1, one-level breaker 3, band conveyer 4, second grade breaker 6, straw and store storehouse 9, grab material machine 10 and belt electronic scale 11, and one-level breaker 3, band conveyer 4, second grade breaker 6 and straw store storehouse 9 and set gradually, grab material machine 10 and set up and store between storehouse 9 and the belt electronic scale 11 at the straw.

Wherein: the straw collecting and stacking area 1 is collected by a special straw person and then sent to the straw collecting and stacking area 1 of the straw pretreatment workshop by using a special transport vehicle, and the straw collecting and stacking area 1 has the main function of being used for centralized stacking after straw collection and storing at zero time and waiting for processing.

A primary crusher 3, comprising: the device comprises a base, a machine body, a motor, a speed reducer, a bearing, a main shaft, a blade, a combing tool device, a feed hopper, a discharge port, a power distribution cabinet and the like. The one-level crusher 3 selects two motors with power of 90 KW-220 KW, and a cutter: the device adopts a full-import cutter, the primary crushing requirement specification is 200mm, the crushing yield is 20-30 tons/hour, the device adopts a staggered and opposite-rolling design of two groups of import cutters, two motors with the same power rotate in opposite directions with the same speed and the same frequency, a speed reducer is driven by the motors to drive two groups of blades to rotate in opposite directions, a feeding hopper is arranged above a crusher and is arranged above a feeding hole of the crusher, materials are shredded after entering the feeding hopper, and the shredded materials are discharged from a discharging hole below the crusher and enter a conveyer hopper.

The secondary crusher 6 can be divided into primary crushing (coarse crushing) and secondary crushing (fine crushing), and the secondary crushing selects and uses two motors, namely a power 55 KW-75 KW motor and a cutter: then adopt the full import cutter, broken requirement specification is 10 ~ 20 tons/hour of 100mm broken output, the device adopts two sets of import cutters to stagger and roll the design, there are two with the power motor rotatory at the same speed, with the relative direction of frequency, drive two sets of blade relative direction rotations of speed reducer transmission by the motor, the breaker top is equipped with the feeding hopper, the feeding hopper is installed in breaker feed inlet top, the material is torn the bits of broken glass after getting into the feeding hopper, the material after the breakage is discharged at breaker below discharge gate. The novel high-speed crusher has the advantages of large torsion, strong shredding force, high crushing yield and convenience in maintenance and control.

The material grabbing machine 10 is arranged in the middle of one side of the straw storage bin 9 and mainly used for sending materials in the straw storage bin 9 into the belt electronic scale 11 for weighing.

The first screw extruder feeder 12 and the second screw extruder feeder 15 comprise: the device comprises an extrusion cylinder, a spiral shaft, a transmission device, a bearing, a rack, a reamer, a hopper, a feeding hole, a discharging hole and the like. The first screw extrusion feeder 12 is arranged between the belt electronic scale 11 and the drying device 13, the second screw extrusion feeder is arranged between the drying device 13 and the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the extrusion cylinder is a conical cylinder, and the screw shaft is a screw auger shaft. The toper extrusion barrel one end top is equipped with the feed inlet, the hopper is installed to the feed inlet top, hopper and 11 afterbody discharge end lug connection of belt electronic scale, toper extrusion barrel afterbody is equipped with the discharge gate, discharge gate and drying device 13's feed inlet lug connection, the afterbody discharge gate has about a meter no spiral auger axle, this section is sealed pressurize section, mainly play airtight oxygen that separates, cut off external oxygen, prevent that oxygen from getting into drying device 13 and cracking reaction kettle section of thick bamboo and the interior gas of a section of thick bamboo and outwards not revealing, this equipment has guaranteed that the material gets into and is dried and the schizolysis under the inclosed state of oxygen-free. The materials are discharged from the belt electronic scale 11 tail and directly enter the feed inlet of the screw extruder, the driving device drives the screw shaft to be pushed forward along the axial direction under the rotation of the screw shaft, and the materials form huge extrusion force under the action of the changed screw pitch and the adjusting baffle in the advancing process, so that the materials are extruded and molded under the action of external force. When the material extrudes out the discharge gate, automatic helical blade is installed to the discharge gate, breaks up extrusion moulding's material, and the material after breaking up directly gets into drying device 13 and No. four cracking reaction cauldron in, is favorable to material fast drying and schizolysis. The device has the advantages that: the feeding is uniform, the oxygen isolation and sealing performance are good, and the operation is simple.

Referring to fig. 2, the drying device 13 is a rotatably disposed drying outer cylinder 52, the heat exchanging mechanism 14 is a cooling inner cylinder 53 disposed inside the drying outer cylinder 52, and the cooling inner cylinder 53 is connected to the carbon collecting device through the cooling mechanism 24. The cooling inner cylinder 53 is fixedly connected with the drying outer cylinder 52, an outer cylinder guide plate 54 for pushing the material to move axially is arranged in the drying outer cylinder 52, an outer cylinder lifting blade 55 is also arranged in the drying outer cylinder 52, and an inner cylinder guide plate 56 for pushing the material to move axially is arranged in the cooling inner cylinder 53.

One end of the drying outer cylinder 52 is provided with an outer cylinder feed inlet 8, the other end is provided with an outer cylinder discharge outlet 37, the two ends of the cooling inner cylinder 53 extending out of the drying outer cylinder 52 are respectively provided with an inner cylinder feed inlet 38 and an inner cylinder discharge outlet 39, and the two ends of the drying outer cylinder 52 are respectively provided with a hot air inlet 40 and a hot air outlet 41.

The device has set up two concentric cylinders of different diameters different length, utilize the waste heat to dry the material, adopt two barrel fixed connection, utilize the outer barrel 52 transmission of stoving to drive the same direction rotational speed rotation of inner and outer barrel, the material gets into the intermediate layer between outer barrel 52 of stoving and the cooling inner barrel 53 from the outer barrel feed inlet and rotates along with the barrel, the material rolls in the barrel intermediate layer and is turned over outer barrel stock guide 54 and outer barrel lifting blade that set up by outer barrel inner wall and dry the material and impel forward until the material after drying is discharged from outer barrel discharge gate, and carry auger and lifting machine to carry to the pyrolysis reaction unit through the material of drying.

Straw carbon with high-temperature waste heat enters the cooling inner cylinder 53 from the feeding hole of the cooling inner cylinder 53 by the high-temperature carbon discharging auger 23 and rotates along with the cylinder, the straw carbon is rolled in the cooling inner cylinder 53 to dissipate heat, the dissipated heat is conducted through the cooling inner cylinder 53 to dry materials in the interlayer of the drying outer cylinder 52, and the high-temperature straw carbon is turned and pushed forwards by the material guide plate arranged on the inner wall of the cooling inner cylinder 53 until being discharged from the discharging hole of the cooling inner cylinder 53. Sealing devices 68 are arranged at two ends of the inner and outer cylinders, and material inlets and material outlets at two ends of the inner and outer cylinders are fixed and do not rotate, so that the inner closed state of the cylinders is ensured.

The device utilizes the straw charcoal that has the high temperature waste heat to directly get into the inside heat dissipation of barrel 53 in the cooling, and the intermediate layer conducts heat and dries the material, and the heat conduction effect is good, and heat utilization rate is high, and is short to material stoving time, and is fast, and output is high, reduce cost. The drying outer cylinder 52 transmission device is used for driving the cooling inner cylinder 53 to rotate in the same direction and at the same rotating speed, so that power is saved, energy consumption is reduced, and operating cost is reduced. The heat of the high-temperature straw carbon can be reduced by using a waste heat conversion technology and a large amount of energy which needs to be input into a large amount of equipment and also needs to be consumed, and the waste heat is used for directly converting the waste heat into heat energy for drying materials, so that the energy is greatly saved, the energy consumption is reduced, the emission is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

In the prior art, water is adopted to directly cool high-temperature materials, so that a large amount of water vapor enters a cracking reaction kettle from a discharge port, and the water vapor enters the kettle and consumes a large amount of heat energy to help water to evaporate, so that the cracking treatment of the materials in the reaction kettle is greatly influenced. The invention ensures the technology of dry discharging at high temperature, avoids the water vapor from entering the cracking reaction kettle, and is convenient for storing and transporting the straw charcoal after cooling. The high-temperature straw carbon after cracking treatment reduces water pollution by a cooling device. The temperature of the straw discharged from the cracking reaction kettle is about 500 ℃, the drying device 13 is adopted in the technology, the waste heat of the high-temperature straw carbon discharged after cracking treatment is fully utilized to supply heat to the inner barrel of the drying device 13, and the heat energy led out is used for drying the straw. Plays a role of oxygen isolation and sealing, and ensures that the cracking reaction kettle is carried out in an oxygen-free and sealed state in the cracking treatment process.

Referring to fig. 3, the cracking reaction device includes a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle is a concentric horizontal double-barrel hollow cylinder composed of two cylinders with different diameters, the outer barrel of each adjacent cracking reaction kettle is communicated with the outer barrel, the inner barrel is communicated with the inner barrel, the cracking reaction kettles are connected with each other from top to bottom and connected in series, the cracking reaction kettle at the lowest position is connected with a heating device 20, a drying device 13 is communicated with the inner barrel of the cracking reaction kettle at the highest position through a high-temperature auger conveyor and a second screw extrusion feeder 13, two ends of the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle are sealed through end sockets, and waveform metal expansion joints 67 are arranged between the two adjacent cracking reaction kettles and between the barrel and the end sockets of each cracking reaction kettle.

The plurality of cracking reaction kettles comprise a first cracking reaction kettle 16, a second cracking reaction kettle 17, a third cracking reaction kettle 18 and a fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the first cracking reaction kettle 16 is connected with a heating device 20, and the straws dried by the drying device 13 sequentially pass through the inner cylinders of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the third cracking reaction kettle 18, the second cracking reaction kettle 17 and the first cracking reaction kettle 16; after the heating device 20 heats the first cracking reaction kettle 16, the hot gas in the cracking kettle interlayer 61 of the first cracking reaction kettle 16 sequentially flows through the cracking kettle interlayers 61 of the second cracking reaction kettle 17, the third cracking reaction kettle 18 and the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19; the hot gas outlet of the outer cylinder of the fourth cracking reactor 19 is connected with the hot gas inlet of the drying device 13.

The cracking reaction kettle is two concentric horizontal cylinders with different diameters, a cracking kettle interlayer 61 is formed between the outer cylinder 58 and the inner cylinder 59 of the cracking kettle, and the cracking kettle interlayer 61 is used for heating the inner cylinder 59 of the cracking kettle by heating hot gas from bottom to top. The device has adopted a plurality of cracking reaction cauldron to establish ties and intercommunicate and use, at the gas nozzle of the 16 bottom combustion chambers 77 both sides installations of first cracking reaction cauldron, has avoided gas nozzle flame directly to the burning of barrel 59 bottom in the cracking reaction cauldron, and this design technique burning is heated evenly, has reduced the destruction that direct combustion caused the barrel, prolongs cracking reaction cauldron's life. The heat energy generated by heating is heated from bottom to top for cracking treatment of the cracking reaction kettle, and continuous operation is maintained for 24 hours. The middle of this cracking reaction cauldron sets up by hollow shaft 62, and long-time operation can warp the bending under the cauldron high temperature, so this hollow shaft 62 has adopted the enhancement design, sets up in the middle of hollow shaft 62 and installs the cross strengthening rib, and this design has increased hollow shaft 62's intensity, prevents effectively that hollow shaft 62 from operating under high temperature and causing hollow shaft 62 to warp the bending, has guaranteed the normal operating of equipment, has prolonged the life of equipment. The outer heating device 20 is arranged at the bottom of the lower part of the cracking kettle feeding hole 66 of the first cracking reaction kettle 16, and if the temperature in the kettle does not reach the temperature required by complete cracking after the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 16 is heated, the temperature required by cracking in the kettle is met by heating the outer auxiliary heating device 21 from the outside. The baffle plate 76 is arranged in front of the discharge hole of the cracking reaction kettle, and the design technology ensures that the materials have enough residence time in the kettle to be subjected to complete cracking carbonization. The first screw extrusion feeding machine 12 is arranged in front of the drying device 13, the straws are extruded by the first screw extrusion feeding machine 12 to achieve the effect of sealing and isolating oxygen, and the first screw extrusion feeding machine 12 is adopted to send the straws into the drying device 13, so that continuous, uniform and uninterrupted feeding is guaranteed. The straws are discharged from a cracking kettle discharge port 75 at one end of the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 16 after being dried and cracked, enter a high-temperature carbon box 22 of the high-temperature carbon discharging device and then are discharged by a high-temperature carbon discharging auger 23, and the high-temperature carbon box 22 and the high-temperature carbon discharging auger 23 play a role in material sealing and sealing. The cracking reaction kettle is provided with drying sealed feeding arranged at the front and the back and sealed discharging after cracking, and the device ensures that the cracking reaction kettle is in a totally sealed anaerobic state in the cracking treatment process and has no discharge midway.

The device adopts the low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment technology to treat all organic wastes (including organic wastes such as straws, household garbage, industrial garbage, kitchen waste, coal gangue, oil sludge, solid wastes and hazardous wastes) without classification and screening and secondary pollution in the treatment process. The bearing 69 at the two ends of the cracking reaction kettle works at high temperature, so that the service life of the bearing 69 and the normal operation of equipment are directly influenced, and the prior art can not solve the problem. Sealing devices 68 are arranged outside end covers 72 at two ends of the outer cylinder 58 of the cracking kettle, so that the outer cylinder has the function of sealing and isolating oxygen. The design technology ensures that the kettle runs in a closed oxygen-free state. The invention designs and installs the wave-shaped metal expansion joint 67 between the two ends of the cylinder and the end cover 72 in the reaction kettle, and designs and installs the wave-shaped metal expansion joint 67 between the upper and lower feed inlet and discharge outlet of the cracking reaction kettle, thus effectively eliminating the attraction of the cracking reaction kettle on the cylinder caused by the expansion and contraction of the cracking reaction kettle when working at high temperature, and prolonging the service life of the cracking reaction kettle. According to the invention, the spiral air duct is designed and installed in the cracking kettle interlayer 61 between the cracking kettle outer cylinder 58 and the cracking kettle inner cylinder 59, hot air heated by the heating device 20 at the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 16 enters the interlayer hot air duct and then enters the spiral air duct to heat the cracking kettle inner cylinder, the stay time of the hot air in the kettle is prolonged due to the design of the spiral air duct, heat energy is fully utilized, the rapid temperature rise in the kettle is ensured, and the cracking of materials is accelerated.

Referring to fig. 4-8, the cracking reaction kettles are described one by one as follows:

the fourth cleavage reaction vessel 19 includes: the device comprises a cracking kettle inner cylinder 59, a cracking kettle outer cylinder 58, an end cover 72, an access hole, a solid shaft head 70, a hollow shaft 62, a propeller blade 63, a spiral air duct, a corrugated metal expansion joint 67, a bearing 69, a bearing seat 71, a sealing device 68, a coupling, a transmission device, a cracking kettle feed inlet 66, a cracking kettle discharge outlet 75, an interlayer hot air inlet 74, an interlayer hot air outlet 65, a cracking gas outlet 64, an external heating hot air inlet 73, a cylinder external heat insulation layer 60, a measurement sensing device and a cylinder fixing support.

The inner barrel 59 of the cracking kettle is a horizontal cylinder which is a single-layer cylinder, is arranged in the outer barrel, is connected with each other, fixed and does not rotate, and is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel and high-temperature-resistant special boiler steel materials. Wave-shaped metal expansion joints 67 are arranged at the two ends of the barrel 59 in the cracking kettle and in the middle of the barrel 59 in the cracking kettle and are connected with each other by flanges. A cracking kettle feeding port 66 is designed at one end above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the cracking kettle feeding port 66 is connected with a discharging port of the second screw extrusion feeder 15 through a flange, a cracking gas outlet 64 is arranged at one end above a cracking kettle inner cylinder 59 and communicated with a cracking kettle outer cylinder 58, the cracking gas outlet 64 is directly connected with a pipeline, cracking gas is guided into a cracking gas processing device through a pipeline downstream, a cracking kettle discharging port 75 is arranged at one end below the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the cracking kettle discharging port 75 is connected with the cracking kettle feeding port 66 of the third cracking reaction kettle 18, a waveform metal expansion joint 67 is arranged in the middle, two ends of the waveform metal expansion joint 67 are connected through flanges, and the totally-closed anaerobic state in the kettle must be ensured in the cracking treatment operation process in the whole cracking reaction kettle.

The outer barrel 58 of the cracking kettle is a circular horizontal barrel and is arranged outside the inner barrel 59 of the cracking kettle and is mutually connected and fixed with the inner barrel 59 of the cracking kettle without rotation. Adopt high temperature resistant stainless steel and high temperature resistant special boiler steel material to make, barrel 59 and outer barrel 58 of pyrolysis kettle are two different diameter concentric cylinders in the pyrolysis kettle, formed pyrolysis kettle intermediate layer 61 between two barrels, set up the spiral wind channel of having installed in pyrolysis kettle intermediate layer 61, the spiral wind channel is connected with the outer barrel of pyrolysis kettle, pyrolysis kettle outer barrel 58 both ends are connected with end cover 72, pyrolysis kettle outer barrel 58 is circular horizontal barrel, outer barrel 58 peripheral surface installation of pyrolysis kettle is about 15 ~ 25 centimeters thick high temperature resistant fire prevention fire-retardant outer heat preservation 60. The cracking kettle feed port 66 is connected with the discharge port of the second screw extrusion feeder 15 by a flange, one end above the outer barrel 58 of the cracking kettle is provided with a cracking gas outlet 64 communicated with the inner barrel 59 of the cracking kettle, the cracking gas outlet 64 is directly connected with a pipeline, the cracking gas is guided into a cracking gas treatment device by pipeline downstream, one end above the outer barrel 58 of the cracking kettle is provided with an interlayer hot gas outlet 65, the interlayer hot gas outlet 65 is connected with a high-temperature draught fan 7, and interlayer hot gas is sent into the drying device 13 by the high-temperature draught fan 7 through an air pipe for material drying treatment. A cracking kettle discharge port 75 is arranged at one end below the cracking kettle outer cylinder 58 of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 and communicated with the cracking kettle inner cylinder 59, the cracking kettle discharge port 75 is connected with a cracking kettle feed port 66 of the third cracking reaction kettle 18, a waveform metal expansion joint 67 is arranged in the middle, two ends of the waveform metal expansion joint 67 are connected through flanges, an interlayer hot gas inlet 74 is arranged at one end below the cracking kettle outer cylinder 58 of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the interlayer hot gas inlet 74 is connected with an interlayer hot gas outlet 65 at one end above the cracking kettle outer cylinder 58 of the third cracking reaction kettle 18 through a flange, the waveform metal expansion joint 67 is arranged in the middle, and two ends of the waveform metal expansion joint 67 are connected through flanges.

And the end covers 72 are arranged on the outer sides of the wave-shaped metal expansion joints 67 at the two ends of the cylinder body and are made of high-temperature-resistant boiler steel plates or stainless steel materials through welding processing. The two ends of the cylinder body have a sealing function on the cylinder body, the hollow shaft 62 is arranged at the center of the end cover 72, and the sealing devices 68 are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the end cover 72 and are tightly matched with each other.

The access hole is installed at both ends above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the inner barrel 59 of the cracking kettle is communicated with the outer barrel 58 of the cracking kettle in series, a safety cover is arranged above the access hole, a high-temperature-resistant fireproof flame-retardant sealing material is installed below the safety cover, a high-temperature-resistant fireproof flame-retardant outer heat-insulating layer 60 is installed above the safety cover, and the device is mainly convenient for equipment maintenance and installation.

The solid shaft head 70 is formed by welding carbon steel and is installed at two ends of the hollow shaft 62, the high-temperature-resistant bearing 69 is installed at the solid shaft head 70, the bearing 69 is installed in the bearing seat 71, the bearing seat 71 is installed outside the sealing devices 68 at two ends of the kettle body, two water holes are respectively formed in the bearing seat 71 and the solid shaft head 70, the two holes are connected, one hole is a water inlet hole, the other hole is a water outlet hole, the solid shaft head is matched with a water cooling device for use, the cooling effect is achieved, the service life of the bearing 69 is prolonged, and the normal operation of the equipment is guaranteed.

The hollow shaft 62 is formed by welding seamless steel tubes and is installed in the middle of the kettle, the hollow shaft 62 is arranged in the middle of the main shaft, the two ends of the shaft are solid shafts, high-temperature-resistant bearings 69 are installed at solid shaft heads 70 at the two ends of the shaft, the bearings 69 are installed in bearing seats 71, the bearing seats 71 are installed on the outer sides of sealing devices 68 at the two ends of the kettle, and the bearing seats 71 and the solid shaft heads 70 at the two ends of the shaft are respectively provided with a water cooling device. The hollow shaft 62 is provided with a propeller blade 63, and the materials enter the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, and the main shaft and the propeller blade 63 are driven by a transmission device to continuously turn, copy and forward push the materials until the materials are discharged from a discharge hole.

The propeller blades 63 are arranged on the hollow shaft 62 body in the kettle body, the propeller blades 63 are designed and installed with inclination angles, the arrangement is uniform without dead angles, the propeller blades 63 are arranged behind the propeller blades which are installed with 1-2 meters on the main shaft below the feed port 66 of the cracking kettle, the design is to prevent materials from entering from the feed port and then being accumulated at the feed port, when the materials enter the kettle, the materials are repeatedly turned and fried in the kettle by the transmission device and the propeller blades 63 to push the materials forward until the materials are discharged.

Spiral wind channel, install in schizolysis cauldron interlayer 61 between barrel 59 and the outer barrel 58 of schizolysis cauldron in the schizolysis cauldron, be formed by steel sheet preparation welding, be connected with the interior outer barrel of schizolysis cauldron, adopt spiral design around cylinder 59 surface in the schizolysis cauldron around, supply to heat steam and heat around cylinder 59 heating in the schizolysis cauldron through intermediate layer spiral wind channel, this spiral wind channel design, it is long to make heating steam dwell time in spiral wind channel, the programming rate is fast, make the material split fast completely in the schizolysis reation kettle, and the increase of production is realized, and the cost is reduced.

The corrugated metal expansion joint 67 is made of special steel plates or stainless steel materials. Two ends of the wave-shaped metal expansion joint 67 are connected by flanges, and a single wave-shaped metal expansion joint or a plurality of wave-shaped metal expansion joints 67 can be used in a superposed connection mode. The device is arranged between two ends of a cylinder 59 and an end cover 72 in a cracking kettle of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 and in the middle of the cylinder 59 in the cracking kettle by adopting a wave-shaped metal expansion joint 67 adopting a welding process. The middle position between the upper feed inlet and the lower feed outlet of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 and the middle position between the hot air inlet 74 and the air outlet of the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 are connected by flanges by a corrugated metal expansion joint 67 formed by one-time pressing, and the outer side of the corrugated metal expansion joint 67 of the barrel 59 in the cracking reaction kettle is provided with an end cover 72 which is connected by flanges. The corrugated metal expansion joint 67 is mainly used for adjusting or eliminating the attraction of the barrel body generated by the operating temperature of the cracking reaction kettle body at high temperature on the barrel body through the device. The protective kettle body does not deform or crack in the operation process, and the service life of the cracking reaction kettle body is prolonged.

The bearing 69 is arranged in the bearing seat 71 outside the sealing devices 68 at the two ends of the kettle body, the bearing seat 71 is arranged outside the sealing devices 68 at the two ends of the kettle body, the bearing seat 71 is fixedly and tightly connected with the sealing devices 68, and the bearing 69 is influenced by the temperature in the kettle and works at high temperature, so that the service life of the bearing 69 can be influenced. In order to enable the bearing 69 to normally operate in a high-temperature environment, a water circulation cooling process is adopted, water holes are designed in the bearing seat 71 and the two end solid shaft heads 70 of the main shaft, and a water circulation cooling device is utilized to achieve the cooling effect of the bearing 69, ensure the normal operation of equipment and prolong the service life of the bearing 69.

The bearing seat 71 is made of cast steel, is formed by a casting process and is formed by one-step forming and machining. The bearing pedestal 71 is arranged outside the sealing devices 68 at the two ends of the solid shaft head 70, is provided with a water inlet hole communicated with a water outlet hole, and has a cooling effect on the bearing 69 through a water cooling device.

The sealing device 68 includes a packing seal and a mechanical seal, wherein the packing seal is a gland seal. The end covers 72 are arranged on the outer sides of the two ends of the cylinder body, and the end covers generate pressing force by the pressing covers, so that the packing is pressed, the packing is forced to be pressed in the radial force of the sealing effect, and the sealing effect is achieved. The packing sealing structure is simple and convenient to operate and maintain. The mechanical seal is arranged between the packing seal and the bearing 69, the device is formed by one-time pressing and forming of high-strength steel or stainless steel materials in a high-pressure press and welding, is a shaft seal device of rotary machinery, is a device for preventing fluid leakage, is formed by keeping fit and relative sliding of at least one pair of end faces perpendicular to a rotation axis under the action of fluid pressure and the elasticity or the magnetic force of a compensation mechanism and the cooperation of auxiliary seal, is arranged on the outer side of end covers 72 at two ends of a shaft, and plays a role in sealing a cylinder body and the shaft.

The coupling is made of high-strength wear-resistant steel, mainly plays a role in connection and transmission of a transmission device and a main shaft, plays a role in protecting a motor and a speed reducer under the conditions of overlarge torsion force and overload of the shaft, and is convenient for equipment maintenance.

The transmission device comprises a motor and a gearbox. The motor drives the gearbox, the gearbox sets the rotating speed as required and drives the main shaft and the propeller blade 63 in the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 to rotate through the coupling, and then the materials in the kettle are driven to advance and accelerate the cracking of the materials.

The device is designed for material entering and discharging, the cracking kettle feed inlet 66 is designed at one end above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the cracking kettle feed inlet 66 is connected with the discharge outlet of the second screw extrusion feeder 15, the cracking kettle discharge outlet 75 is designed at one end below the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the cracking kettle discharge outlet 75 can also be arranged at one end side of the outer barrel 58 of the cracking kettle for discharging, the cracking kettle discharge outlet 75 is connected with the cracking kettle feed inlet 66 above the third cracking reaction kettle 18, a waveform metal expansion joint 67 is designed and installed at the middle position between the upper feed inlet and the lower feed inlet of the cracking reaction kettle, and the two ends are connected by flanges.

The interlayer hot gas inlet 74 and the interlayer hot gas outlet 65 are designed for the inlet and the outlet of interlayer hot gas, the interlayer hot gas inlet 74 is designed at one end below the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, and the interlayer hot gas inlet 74 is connected with the interlayer hot gas outlet 65 at one end above the third cracking reaction kettle 18 by a flange. The middle is provided with a wave-shaped metal expansion joint 67, and the two ends are connected by flanges. Interlayer steam gas outlet 65 designs in the 19 top one end of fourth schizolysis reation kettle, interlayer steam gas outlet 65 and high temperature draught fan 7 lug connection, send into the hot gas entry of drying device 13 top one end by high temperature draught fan 7 through the pipeline to interlayer steam, supply drying device 13 to carry out drying process to the material, this interlayer steam be with split between reation kettle and the cauldron between the outer barrel 58 of schizolysis cauldron be connected, interlayer steam gets into the interior circulation from bottom to top of cauldron body interlayer spiral duct and heats barrel 59 in the schizolysis cauldron.

And a pyrolysis gas outlet 64 which is designed for discharging pyrolysis gas, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet 64 is designed at one end above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the pyrolysis gas outlet 64 is directly connected with a pipeline, and the pyrolysis gas is sent into a pyrolysis gas treatment device through the pipeline for treatment and purification and then enters a gas bag for storage.

External heating steam air inlet 73, be by the external heating steam air inlet 73 that the hot-blast tuber pipe sent into the 19 bottoms of fourth schizolysis reation kettle by high temperature draught fan 7 after the heating of outside auxiliary heating device 21, then the spiral duct that gets into in the schizolysis cauldron intermediate layer 61 heats barrel 59 in to the schizolysis cauldron, fourth schizolysis reation kettle 19's external heating steam air inlet 73 directly uses the flange with the tuber pipe to be connected, the device is the fourth schizolysis reation kettle 19 backup heating, play the quick adjustment and heat, increase of production, cracking with higher speed.

The outer heat preservation layer 60 is installed on the outer surface of the kettle body of the cracking reaction kettle, is about 15-25 cm thick, plays a heat preservation and insulation role on the temperature in the kettle, is installed around the outer surface of the kettle body, is made of fireproof flame-retardant heat preservation materials, is made of a stainless steel thin plate or a thin color steel plate cover on the surface, is modularly designed according to the shape and the size of the surface of the outer barrel body 58 of the cracking reaction kettle, and is directly assembled on site. The heat preservation effect is good for advantage, simple structure, simple to operate, the maintenance of being convenient for.

And the measuring and sensing device is arranged on the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 and is used for measuring the changes of temperature, pressure, rotating speed of a shaft and the like in the kettle, the sensor transmits the detected data to the control center, and the staff can master and adjust the change of material cracking treatment and the actual situation in the kettle at any time through data analysis.

The barrel fixing support is formed by welding profile steels and is arranged at two ends and the middle position of the bottom of the outer barrel 58 of the cracking kettle, and the lower part of the barrel fixing support is fixed on a horizontal steel beam rail, so that the balance and stability of the cracking kettle are ensured.

The third cracking reaction kettle 18 is provided with a material baffle 76 compared with the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the third cracking reaction kettle 18 is not provided with a cracking gas outlet, and in addition, the feeding and discharging port of the third cracking reaction kettle 18 and the external heating hot gas inlet 58 and the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 are arranged in the opposite direction. Striker plate 76 is formed with the steel sheet preparation, installs in third cracking reaction cauldron 18 below one end cracking cauldron discharge gate 75 preceding, and striker plate 76 height can be adjusted in a flexible way as required, highly be below half of barrel 59 diameter in the cracking cauldron, striker plate 76 sets up barrel 59 lower half position in the cracking cauldron. The main function is to adjust the stay time of the material in the cracking treatment in the kettle, and ensure the material to have sufficient time for complete cracking in the kettle.

The cracking kettle feed inlet 66 of the third cracking reaction kettle 18 is connected with the cracking kettle discharge outlet 75 of the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the cracking kettle discharge outlet 75 of the third cracking reaction kettle 18 is connected with the cracking kettle feed inlet 66 above the second cracking reaction kettle 17, a corrugated metal expansion joint 67 is arranged in the middle between the upper feed inlet and the lower feed inlet of the cracking reaction kettle, and the two ends of the corrugated metal expansion joint are connected through flanges. An interlayer hot gas inlet 74 of the third cracking reaction kettle 18 is connected with an interlayer hot gas outlet 65 at one end above the second cracking reaction kettle 17 through a flange, a corrugated metal expansion joint 67 is arranged in the middle of the interlayer hot gas inlet, and the two ends of the interlayer hot gas outlet are connected through flanges. An interlayer hot gas outlet 65 of the third cracking reaction kettle 18 is connected with an interlayer hot gas inlet 74 at one end below the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 by a flange, a corrugated metal expansion joint 67 is arranged in the middle of the interlayer hot gas inlet, and the two ends of the interlayer hot gas inlet are connected by the flange.

The second cracking reaction kettle 17 and the first cracking reaction kettle 16 are also provided with a baffle plate 76 compared with the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the baffle plates of the cylinders in the first cracking reaction kettle, the second cracking reaction kettle and the third cracking reaction kettle are basically the same, and the second cracking reaction kettle 17 and the first cracking reaction kettle 16 are not provided with cracking gas outlets. In addition, the feed/discharge port and the externally heated hot gas inlet 58 of the second cleavage reaction vessel 17 are disposed in the same direction as the fourth cleavage reaction vessel 19, and the feed/discharge port and the externally heated hot gas inlet 58 of the first cleavage reaction vessel 16 are disposed in the same direction as the third cleavage reaction vessel 18. The outer cylinder of the first cracking reactor 16 is additionally provided with a combustion chamber.

The interlayer hot air duct is arranged in the cracking kettle interlayer 61 between the cracking kettle inner cylinder 59 and the cracking kettle outer cylinder 58 of the first cracking reaction kettle 16, is made of steel plates and welded, is designed to surround the outer surface of the inner cylinder and is connected with the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the cracking kettle, and heating hot air is supplied to surround the inner cylinder through the interlayer hot air duct for heating.

A heating device 20 comprising: combustion chamber 77, combustion bed, burner, auto-ignition, and regulator valve 79.

The combustion chamber 77 is fixed in the outer barrel 58 below bottom of the pyrolysis kettle of first pyrolysis reaction kettle 16, has seted up a rectangle combustion chamber 77, and combustion chamber 77 is connected with the outer barrel 58 of the pyrolysis kettle of 16 below bottoms of first pyrolysis reaction kettle, and the combustion bed is installed to combustion chamber 77 both sides inboard, and combustion chamber 77 adopts the steel sheet to enclose to weld all around and seals, has guaranteed that the gas fully burns, and no gas discharges.

The combustion bed is installed on the inner sides of two sides of the combustion chamber 77 and is formed by welding anticorrosive steel and stainless steel materials, a combustor nozzle 78, a regulating valve 79, a gas pipeline, an oxygen pipeline and a control device are installed on the combustion bed, and the combustion bed is convenient to disassemble and maintain.

And the burner nozzle 78 are arranged on the combustion bed, the burner nozzle 78 is arranged on the burner, and the burner nozzle 78 is upward and inclined at an angle and is opposite to the cracking kettle inner cylinder 59 of the first cracking reaction kettle 16 for heating. The burner is composed of a burner shell, a gas pipe, a gas cap, an air cyclone piece, a safety regulating valve 79 and the like. The burner nozzle 78 adopts a modular design, has simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, safe and stable combustion, no backfire or fire-off phenomenon, sufficient combustion, energy conservation and environmental protection.

The automatic ignition device adopts a pulse igniter, is a common ignition mode of industrial combustion equipment, consists of a switch igniter, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, high ignition and ignition rate, stable combustion, strong controllability, simple structure, convenient maintenance, safety and reliability.

Governing valve 79 installs between combustor and oxygen intake pipe and gas intake pipe, and oxygen intake pipe and gas intake pipe are connected to governing valve 79 one end, and the other end passes through the pipeline to be connected with the combustor, and governing valve 79 mainly used adjusts the best proportion of admitting air of gas and oxygen, lets the gas fully burn.

Exhaust gas treatment device 30, also known as: the spray desulfurization tower comprises a desulfurization tower cylinder, a stirrer, a spray device, a demister, a backwashing device, a sedimentation tank, an air inlet, an air outlet and the like. The desulfurizing tower barrel adopts the steel sheet to make for the cylinder, it is equipped with the air inlet to spray the desulfurizing tower bottom, pressurize by the high temperature draught fan, send dust and tail gas into desulfurizing tower bottom air inlet through the pipeline, desulfurizing tower bottom is the sedimentation tank, install a side agitator in the tower, the tower body middle part is equipped with the three-layer and sprays the water distribution device, two-layer defroster, three-layer back flush device, a plurality of shower nozzles of multilayer in the desulfurizing tower, no dead angle sprays alkaline water smoke, the top of desulfurizing tower is equipped with the gas vent, dust and tail gas get into plasma deodorizing device after handling purification after getting into the tower body, reach national emission standard requirement after the purification treatment.

The cracked gas treatment device comprises a three-phase separator 26, a condenser 27, a gas-liquid separator 28 and an oil-water separator 29, wherein the three-phase separator 26 is connected with a cracked gas outlet 64 of the cracking reaction device, a water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 26 is connected with the oil-water separator 29, a gas phase outlet of the three-phase separator 26 is connected with the condenser 27, a liquid phase outlet of the condenser 27 is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 28, a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 28 is connected with the oil-water separator 29, a gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 28 is connected with a gas collecting mechanism, oil phase outlets of the three-phase separator 26, the condenser 27, the gas-liquid separator 28 and the oil-water separator 29 are connected. The gas collecting mechanism comprises a desulfurization and dechlorination device 33, a gas deodorization and purification device 34, a gas storage bag 35 and a gas generator 36 which are connected in sequence, and the gas storage bag 35 is connected with the heating device 20 of the cracking reaction device. The cracked gas is discharged from an outlet above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 and enters a three-phase separator 26 through a pipeline, the cracked gas enters the three-phase separator 26, the temperature of the cracked gas is controlled to be about 200 ℃, the separated heavy oil (tar) and light oil are respectively sent to a heavy oil storage tank 31 and a light oil storage tank 32 through pipelines, the separated combustible gas directly enters a condenser 27, the temperature of the combustible gas enters the condenser 27 is controlled to be about 80 ℃, the separated water enters an oil-water separator 29 through a pipeline for further treatment, the separated heavy oil (tar) and light oil separated from the condenser 27 are respectively sent to the heavy oil storage tank 31 and the light oil storage tank 32 through pipelines, the separated combustible gas directly enters a gas-liquid separator 28 for further treatment, the separated water enters the oil-water separator 29 through a pipeline for further treatment, the combustible gas separated from the gas-liquid separator 28 enters a desulfurization and dechlorination device 33 through a pipeline for further purification treatment, the separated heavy oil (tar) and light oil are respectively sent to a heavy oil storage tank 31 and a light oil storage tank 32 through pipelines, the separated water enters an oil-water separator 29 through pipelines for further treatment, the heavy oil (tar) and the light oil which are sent out through the oil-water separator 29 are respectively sent to the heavy oil storage tank 31 and the light oil storage tank 32 through pipelines, and the separated water is sent to a sewage treatment device through pipelines for treatment and then is recycled. The combustible gas is purified by the desulfurization and dechlorination device 33 and then is directly sent to the gas storage bag 35 to be stored for the heating device 20 to heat for self use or power generation and net surfing. The three-phase separator 26, the condenser 27, the gas-liquid separator 28 and the oil-water separator 29 may adopt the corresponding structures in CN 202010192055.2.

The desulfurization and dechlorination device 33 is a circulating fluidized bed, the cyclone separator separates solid particles leaving the circulating fluidized bed reactor, the solid particles and the quicklime simultaneously enter the humidifier, atomized water drops are sprayed into the humidifier, the humidified solid particles activate spent desulfurizer in the solid particles, the humidified quicklime digests the solid particles, then the solid particles enter the circulating fluidized bed reactor, and acid gas components in the circulating fluidized bed react with the activated spent desulfurizer and the digested lime. The device mainly comprises a water pump circulating material flow humidifying device, a circulating fluidized bed reactor and the like. The device humidifies fresh desulfurizer and spent desulfurizer in the humidifier, the material entering the circulating fluidized bed is a wet material, the scaling caused by spraying slurry in the conventional circulating fluidized bed can be solved, and the problems of abrasion, blockage and the like of a nozzle do not exist in pulping equipment due to the fact that lime digestion in a conventional desulfurization system is cancelled.

The high-temperature carbon discharging device comprises a high-temperature carbon box 22 and a high-temperature carbon discharging auger 23, the high-temperature carbon box 22 is connected with a straw carbon outlet of the cracking reaction device, one end of the high-temperature carbon discharging auger 23 is connected with the lower end of the high-temperature carbon box 22, and the other end of the high-temperature carbon discharging auger 23 is connected with a feeding hole of the straw carbon cooling device. In the prior art, water is directly contacted with carbon for cooling, a large amount of heat energy is consumed to help water to evaporate when a large amount of water vapor is discharged into a cracking reaction kettle, and the cracking treatment of the substances in the reaction kettle is greatly influenced. The device adopts the technology that the carbon ensures the dry carbon production at high temperature, avoids the water vapor from entering the cracking reaction kettle, and is convenient for carbon storage and transportation. The carbon is cooled by a packing auger cooling device at a high temperature, so that water pollution is reduced. The temperature of the carbon discharged from the cracking reaction kettle is about 500 ℃, and the device adopts a heat conduction and heat exchange device to fully utilize waste heat for drying materials. 5 the device plays a role in oxygen isolation and sealing, and ensures that the cracking reaction kettle is carried out in an oxygen-free and sealed state in the cracking treatment process.

A high temperature carbon box 22, comprising: the device comprises a box body, a feeding hole, a stirrer, a limiter, a thermometer, a pressure gauge and the like. High temperature charcoal case 22 is the rectangle box, adopt the steel sheet welding to form, box top is equipped with the feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected with pyrolysis reaction unit's straw charcoal exit, the wave form expansion joint is installed to the centre, the expansion joint both ends are connected with the flange, install the agitator in the box on box top both sides, the stopper is installed from top to bottom to the box inboard, thermometer and manometer are installed to the box top, the bottom is equipped with the discharge gate in the box, discharge gate and high temperature play charcoal auger 23 access connection, high temperature goes out charcoal auger 23 and installs in the bottom half, material after the schizolysis is handled is followed the pyrolysis reaction cauldron discharge gate and is discharged direct entering high temperature charcoal case 22 and then is sent into drying device 13 by high temperature charcoal auger 23 in the bottom of high temperature charcoal case 22. The device is in a fully-closed oxygen-free state, and plays a role in sealing and isolating oxygen.

High temperature goes out charcoal auger 23 includes: the auger cylinder, the auger shaft, the bearing 69, the transmission device, the feeding port, the discharging port and the like. The device is a cylinder and is formed by welding steel pipes, an inclination angle is installed on a high-temperature carbon discharging auger 23, a transmission device (motor) is installed at the bottom of one end of an auger cylinder, one end of the cylinder is connected with the transmission device through a flange, a shaftless auger piece is installed inside the cylinder, a high-temperature bearing 69 is installed at one end of the shaftless auger piece and connected with the transmission device, the other end of the shaftless auger piece is not fixed, a feed inlet is formed in one end above the cylinder and connected with a discharge port at the bottom of a high-temperature carbon box 22 through a flange, a discharge port is formed below the other end of the cylinder and directly connected with an inlet.

The cooling mechanism 24 is an auger cooling device, and can adopt an auger carbon cooling device in CN 202010192055.2. The charcoal collecting device is a charcoal bin 25, and the cooled charcoal is sent into the charcoal bin 25 for storage. The charcoal bin 25 is also connected with a screening machine and a metal magnetic separator. The screening machine is a circular drum type or flat plate vibration screening machine. The metal magnetic separator is a vortex magnetic separator and is arranged between a carbon residue discharge port at the tail part of the screening machine and the belt conveyor and the auger conveyor. The screening machine and the metal magnetic separator can adopt corresponding structures in CN 202010192055.2.

The sewage treatment device comprises a pretreatment device, a carbon filter device 46, a DTRO disc tube type treatment device 47, a degassing tower 48, a reverse osmosis device 49 and the like which are arranged in sequence.

The pretreatment device comprises a sewage collecting tank 43, a sewage pretreatment tank 44, an activated carbon adsorption purification tank 45 and the like which are connected in sequence. The device sends into sewage pretreatment pond 44 with sewage pump in the sewage collecting pit 43 and carries out the preliminary treatment with the special medicine of sewage with the medicine of sewage, get into activated carbon adsorption purification tank 45 behind the sewage preliminary treatment, then filter through carbon filter 46, the concentrate of filtering out directly sends into the schizolysis reation kettle and carries out the schizolysis processing, send into activated carbon purification processing through the sewage after filtering, put into the activated carbon of certain proportion in the pond and stir purification processing back again and filter through activated carbon adsorption purification tank 45, then purify the sewage after considering by the water pump and directly get into next-level DTRO dish tubular treatment device 47 and continue to handle. The DTRO disc line treatment unit 47 and the reverse osmosis unit 49 may be of the corresponding construction of CN 202010192055.2.

The degassing tower 48 is a cylindrical tower structure and is composed of a water distribution device, a filler layer and a blower device. Water enters the tower body from the upper part, is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the filler by the water distribution device to form a water film, flows into the water collecting tank at the lower part after contacting with air by the filler layer, and the air is transferred from the tower body by the air blower and is discharged from the top together with carbon dioxide separated out from the water.

The process for treating the straws by using the low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment device for the straws comprises the following steps:

(1) crushing and crushing the straws by using a straw pretreatment device;

the straw is collected the back and is sent into the straw preliminary treatment workshop by special-purpose vehicle by the special messenger, send into the straw after weighing measurement registration warehousing and collect and stack district 1, pile up the waiting for processing temporarily, the straw is grabbed the straw that material machine 2 was collected to the straw and stack district 1 and is grabbed into 3 feed inlets of one-level breaker and carry out the breakage by first grabbing after getting into the preliminary treatment workshop, the breaker feed inlet top sets up and is collected the mouth by dust and waste gas, inhale the tuber pipe dust waste gas through the tuber pipe inlet scoop by draught fan 7 then send into exhaust treatment device 30 and discharge up to standard after carrying out dust removal purification treatment. The crushed straws are discharged from a discharge port at the bottom of the primary crusher 3 and enter a hopper of a belt conveyor 4, then the crushed straws are sent into a feed port of a secondary crusher 6 by the belt conveyor 4 to be crushed or crushed, and the crushed straws are sent into a straw storage bin 9 to be temporarily stored and stacked for waiting for processing after the crushed straws meet the required requirements through the crusher.

(2) Heating the cracking reaction device to make the temperature of the cracking reaction device reach more than 300 ℃;

the nitrogen making machine is adopted to charge nitrogen into the drying device 13 and the cracking reaction device to exhaust oxygen in the drying device 13 and the cracking reaction device outwards, then the heating device 20 is started, and the purchased liquefied gas or combustible gas stored in the gas storage bag 35 in the early stage can be used for initial start-up and is sent into the heating device 20 through a gas pipeline. The gas valve, the oxygen valve and the regulating valve 79 are opened by the heating device 20, then the burner is ignited by the electronic automatic ignition device, the burners arranged at two sides of the combustion chamber 77 heat the inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle 16 in the combustion chamber 77 through the burner nozzles 78, hot air generated by combustion and heating of the burner enters the spiral air duct of the cracking kettle interlayer 61 to heat and heat the inner cylinder of the reaction kettle from bottom to top, the cracking process is initialized in the early stage by firstly heating slowly to ensure that the cracking reaction kettle deforms slowly after being heated, about 3 hours is needed, and when the temperature rises to 300 ℃, the material grabbing machine 10, the belt electronic scale 11, the first spiral extrusion feeder 12, the drying device 13 and the cracking treatment device are started to feed slowly.

(3) The straw pretreatment device dries the straw through a drying device 13;

after the cracking reaction device is preheated and heated through preliminary trial, when the temperature in the cracking reaction kettle rises to about 300 ℃, related equipment such as the material grabbing machine 10, the belt electronic scale 11, the belt conveyor 4, the first screw extrusion feeder 12, the drying device 13, the second screw extrusion feeder 15, the high-temperature auger conveyor or the bucket elevator, the cracking treatment device and the like are simultaneously started to start slow feeding, the straw which is preprocessed by the material grabbing machine 10 and stored in the storage bin is grabbed into the hopper of the belt electronic scale 11 for weighing and metering, the weighed and metered straw is sent into the feed inlet of the first screw extrusion feeder 12 through the belt conveyor by the belt electronic scale 11, and the straw is extruded by the first screw extrusion feeder 12 to be uniformly fed into the feed inlet of the drying outer barrel 52 of the drying device 13 for drying treatment. The temperature of the cooling inner cylinder 53 of the drying device 13 is about 500 ℃ by utilizing the high-temperature carbon discharged by the first cracking reaction kettle 16, the high-temperature dry carbon is sent into the inner cylinder of the drying device 13 or the cooling packing auger 57 to slowly pass through the high-temperature carbon box 22 by the high-temperature carbon discharging packing auger 23, and the high-temperature carbon guides the waste heat into the interlayer outer cylinder through the inner cylinder to dry the straws. An interlayer hot air inlet 74 is arranged below the feed inlet of the outer cylinder of the drying device 13, and an interlayer hot air outlet 65 above the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19 is sent into the outer cylinder of the drying device 13 by a draught fan 7 through a pipeline to dry the straws. Straw enters the drying cylinder and slowly passes through the drying cylinder along with the rotation of the cylinder under the action of the outer cylinder guide plate 54, the dried straw is discharged from the discharge port at the tail part of the outer cylinder and enters the high-temperature conveying auger 21 to be conveyed into the feed port of the second screw extrusion feeder 15, the dried straw is extruded by the second screw extrusion feeder 15 and then directly enters the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, and the second screw extrusion feeder 15 has the functions of sealing and sealing the material and uniformly feeding the material. The straw drying and staying time is 30-40 minutes. The dry carbon after heat exchange cooling is discharged from a discharge port at the tail part of the inner cylinder body or the cooling auger 57 and enters the auger cooling device for cooling treatment, the dried tail gas is discharged from a tail gas outlet above one end of the drying device 13, the discharged tail gas is sent into the waste gas treatment device 30 by the high-temperature induced draft fan 7 through a pipeline and is discharged after treatment and purification, and the whole waste heat drying process is carried out in a fully-closed state.

(4) And feeding the straws into a cracking reaction device for cracking, and feeding cracking gas generated by the cracking reaction device into a cracking gas treatment device for collection and treatment.

The straws are dried by the drying device 13 and then are extruded by the second screw extrusion feeder 15 for secondary closed oxygen isolation and then are directly sent into the fourth cracking reaction kettle 19. The initialization carries out the ladder heating to the schizolysis reation kettle, and equipment heating normal schizolysis temperature is 500 ~ 600 ℃ to first schizolysis reation kettle 16 heating temperature, and the material dwell time in the cauldron is 2.5 ~ 3 hours, and the rotational speed of hollow shaft 62 and paddle in the cauldron is 1 ~ 15 revolutions per minute. The heating temperature of the 17 ladders of the second cracking reaction kettle is 400 ℃ -500 ℃, the residence time of the materials in the kettle is longer than 2-2.5 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft 62 and the blades in the kettle is 1-15 r/min. The heating temperature of the third cracking reaction kettle is 250-400 ℃, the residence time of the materials in the kettle is 1.5-2 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft 62 and the rotating speed of the blades in the kettle are 1-15 revolutions per minute. The 19 ladder heating temperatures of the fourth cleavage reaction kettle are 150 ℃ -250 ℃, the residence time of the materials in the kettle is longer than 1-1.5 hours, and the rotating speeds of the hollow shaft 62 and the blades in the kettle are 1-15 r/min. The material is continuously fed by a screw extruder, so that the cracking reaction kettle can continuously and normally operate in a closed oxygen-free state, and the material is completely cracked. After the straw is completely cracked and carbonized, the straw is discharged from a carbon outlet of the first cracking reaction kettle 16 and directly enters a high-temperature carbon box 22, and the high-temperature carbon waste heat is used for drying the straw by the drying device 13.

The heating method of the first cracking reaction kettle 16 can adopt a combustion furnace direct heating mode and an external heating mode (heating by a hot blast stove), 1, the combustion furnace direct heating mode is that a combustion chamber 77 is arranged at the bottom of the first cracking reaction kettle 16, a combustor and nozzles are arranged on two sides of the combustion chamber 77, an automatic ignition device and an adjusting valve 79 are further arranged in the combustion chamber 77, purchased liquefied gas and combustible gas stored in a gas bag in an early stage can be adopted for preliminary heating, the combustible gas pipe and an oxygen pipe are adjusted to an optimal proportion through the adjusting valve 79 to enter the combustor, and a barrel in the first cracking reaction kettle 16 is heated through the nozzles after the automatic ignition device is opened and ignited. 2. An external heating mode (hot blast stove heating), wherein a burner, a nozzle, a regulating valve and an automatic ignition device are arranged in the hot blast stove of the external auxiliary heating device 21. The initial heating can purchase liquefied gas and earlier stage store in the gas of gas bag in addition, allot the optimum proportion by gas pipe and oxygen hose through the governing valve and get into the combustor, opens automatic ignition and lights the back and pass through the nozzle to the burning in the stove when the hot-blast furnace temperature reaches more than 800 degrees and get into first cracking reaction cauldron one end below external heating steam air inlet 73 by the high temperature draught fan through the hot-blast main and heat the internal barrel from bottom to top in the cauldron.

Dust and waste gas generated in the pretreatment process of the straw pretreatment workshop are collected by the air suction inlet and then sent into the waste gas treatment device 30 through the draught fan 7 and the hot blast pipe for treatment and purification, and then are discharged after reaching the standard. The straw enters the cracking reaction kettle and then is cracked under a low-temperature oxygen-free closed state, combustible gas generated after the material is subjected to high-temperature cracking is discharged from a cracking gas outlet above one end of a fourth cracking reaction kettle 19, the cracking gas enters a cracking gas treatment device through a pipeline downstream after being discharged, the cracking gas firstly enters a three-phase separator 26, when the cracking gas enters the three-phase separator 26, heavy cracking oil (tar) is controlled to be about 200 ℃ in the three-phase separator 26 and begins to crystallize and solidify, the tar is convenient to collect, the heavy cracking oil (tar) and light oil are separated through a gas-liquid separator and are respectively sent to a heavy oil storage tank 31 and a light oil storage tank 32 through pipelines. The separated water is sent to an oil-water separator 29 through a pipeline, the separated gas directly enters a condenser 27 through the pipeline, after the cracked gas enters the condenser 27, the temperature in the condenser 27 is controlled to be about 80 ℃, oil and vapor in the cracked gas start to crystallize and solidify, heavy cracked oil (tar) and light oil separated after the gas is cooled by the condenser 27 are respectively sent to a heavy oil storage tank 31 and a light oil storage tank 32 through pipelines, the water discharged after the condensation treatment is directly sent to the oil-water separator 29 through the pipeline for separation, the cracked gas discharged after the condensation treatment enters a gas-liquid separator 28, the temperature in the gas-liquid separator 28 is controlled to be below 80 ℃, the oil and the vapor in the cracked gas start to crystallize and solidify, the heavy cracked oil (tar) and the light oil are separated through the gas-liquid separator 28 and are respectively sent to an oil storage tank through the pipelines, the separated water is sent into an oil-water separator 29 through a pipeline for separation, the combustible gas separated from the pyrolysis gas through a gas-liquid separator 28 is sent into a desulfurization and dechlorination device 33 through a pipeline for treatment and purification, and then is sent into a gas storage bag 35 through a pipeline for use, so that the combustible gas can be used for power generation of a gas generator 36. The water separated from the gas and liquid is sent to an oil-water separator 29 through a pipeline for separation, the separated heavy pyrolysis oil (tar) and light oil are respectively sent to a heavy oil storage tank 31 and a light oil storage tank 32 through pipelines, and the separated water is sent to a water circulation tank through a pipeline for recycling.

The charcoal is discharged from a charcoal outlet at one end below the first cracking reaction kettle 16, the charcoal directly enters the high-temperature charcoal box 22 after being discharged, the temperature outside the charcoal discharge kettle is about 500 ℃, and a temperature and pressure sensor is installed above the high-temperature charcoal box 22, so that the real-time temperature and pressure in the high-temperature charcoal box 22 are transmitted to a central control room for the reference of a worker to be regulated and controlled at any time. The bottom of the charcoal box is provided with a charcoal outlet auger, after entering the charcoal box, the charcoal is conveyed into the drying device 13 by the charcoal outlet auger through a high-temperature auger conveyor, and the high-temperature charcoal enters the inner cylinder or the high-temperature auger conducts heat through the inner cylinder or the interlayer of the high-temperature auger cylinder to guide the residual heat of the charcoal into the outer drying cylinder 52 for drying the material. The carbon dried by waste heat is sent into an auger cooling device by a high-temperature auger, the auger cooling device is designed to be composed of two concentric cylinders with different diameters, the carbon is pushed forwards by an auger shaft and an auger sheet in an inner cylinder, a spiral water channel is designed in an interlayer between an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, water in a water storage tank is sent into a water inlet above one end of the auger cooling device through a pipeline, the water is sent into the spiral water channel in the interlayer between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the water cools the high-temperature carbon in the inner cylinder along the spiral water channel and then is discharged from a water outlet at the tail part of the auger cooling device, the discharged hot water is sent into a cooling tower by a water pump through a pipeline to be cooled, and the water cooled by the cooling tower is sent back to the water. The carbon cooling can also select an auger type air cooling device to utilize the waste heat of hot air exhausted after air cooling for the combustion-supporting use of fuel gas of the heating device. The carbon is cooled by the auger cooling device, and the carbon discharge temperature is below 80 ℃. The carbon is discharged from the packing auger cooling device and then directly enters a packing auger conveyor hopper, and is directly conveyed to a carbon warehouse by the packing auger conveyor for storage and stacking.

All sewage generated by the straws in the cracking process is collected in the sewage collecting tank 43 for uniform treatment, and the treated concentrated solution can also be sent into a cracking reaction kettle to be subjected to low-temperature anaerobic cracking treatment together with the straws.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 9, the heat exchanging mechanism 14 in this embodiment may also be a cooling auger 57 disposed inside the drying outer cylinder 52. The drying device 13 is a circular single-cylinder drying outer cylinder 52, a cooling auger 57 is arranged in the middle of the inside of the drying outer cylinder 52, auger feed inlets 43 and auger discharge outlets 51 are respectively arranged at two ends of the cooling auger 57 extending out of the drying outer cylinder 52, high-temperature straw carbon is input by a high-temperature carbon discharge auger 23, an auger sheet is driven by a driving device linkage shaft of the cooling auger 57 to rotate, roll, dissipate heat and forward push the high-temperature straw carbon until the high-temperature carbon discharge outlet is discharged, and then the heat is transmitted into the drying outer cylinder 52 by indirect heat conduction of the cylinder of the cooling auger 57 to dry the material. The material enters from the feeding hole of the drying outer cylinder 52 and rotates along with the cylinder, the material rolls in the drying outer cylinder 52, and the material is rolled and pushed forward by the outer cylinder material guide plate 54 and the outer cylinder material lifting plate arranged on the inner wall of the drying cylinder until the dried material is discharged from the discharging hole of the drying outer cylinder 52. Sealing devices 68 are arranged at two ends of the outer drying cylinder 52, and material inlets and material outlets at two ends of the outer drying cylinder 52 are fixed and do not rotate, so that the cylinder is ensured to be dried in a sealed state. The straw carbon with high-temperature waste heat directly enters the high-temperature auger barrel to dissipate heat, the interlayer conducts heat to dry materials, the heat conduction effect is good, the heat utilization rate is high, the material drying time is short, the speed is high, the yield is high, and the cost is reduced. The waste heat conversion technology is utilized to reduce the heat of the straws only by putting a large amount of equipment and consuming a large amount of energy, and the waste heat is utilized to directly convert the heat into heat energy for drying the materials, so that the energy is greatly saved, the energy consumption is reduced, the emission is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The other structures and processes of the embodiment adopt the same technical scheme as the embodiment 1.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a straw low temperature anaerobic cracking processing apparatus which characterized in that: straw low temperature anaerobic cracking processing apparatus include straw preprocessing device, drying device (13), the schizolysis reaction unit, schizolysis gas treatment device and high temperature play charcoal device, the feed inlet of straw preprocessing device connection drying device (13), the feed inlet of schizolysis reaction unit is connected to the discharge gate of drying device (13), the straw charcoal export of schizolysis reaction unit goes out charcoal device and straw charcoal cooling device through the high temperature that connects gradually and connects charcoal collection device, straw charcoal cooling device sets up the inboard at drying device, schizolysis gas treatment unit is connected to schizolysis reaction unit's pyrolysis gas outlet (64), the exit linkage of schizolysis gas treatment unit has sewage treatment device, sewage treatment unit's concentrate exit linkage schizolysis reaction unit's feed inlet.

2. The low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the high-temperature carbon discharging device comprises a high-temperature carbon box (22) and a high-temperature material conveying mechanism, the high-temperature carbon box (22) is connected with a straw carbon outlet of the cracking reaction device, one end of the high-temperature material conveying mechanism is connected with the lower end of the high-temperature carbon box (22), and the other end of the high-temperature material conveying mechanism is connected with a feed inlet of a straw carbon cooling device.

3. The low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the straw pretreatment device is connected with a feed inlet of a drying device (13) through a first screw extrusion feeder (12), and the drying device (13) is connected with a feed inlet of a cracking reaction device through a high-temperature auger conveyor and a second screw extrusion feeder (15).

4. The low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the straw pretreatment device is arranged in a closed pretreatment workshop (2), and the pretreatment workshop (2) is connected with a waste gas treatment device (30) through an induced draft fan (7).

5. The low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sewage treatment device comprises a sewage pretreatment device, a carbon filtering device (46), a DTRO disc tubular treatment device (47), a degassing tower (48) and a reverse osmosis device (49) which are sequentially connected, wherein a concentrated solution outlet of the carbon filtering device (46) and the DTRO disc tubular treatment device (47) is connected with a feed inlet of a cracking reaction device.

6. The low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device of claim 5, which is characterized in that: the sewage pretreatment device comprises a sewage collecting tank (43), a sewage pretreatment tank (44) and an activated carbon adsorption purification tank (45) which are connected in sequence.

7. The low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cracking reaction device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, the barrels of the cracking reaction kettles are concentric horizontal double-layer double-barrel hollow cylinders consisting of two cylinders with different diameters, the outer barrels of the adjacent cracking reaction kettles are communicated with the outer barrels, the inner barrels are communicated with the inner barrels, the cracking reaction kettles are connected with one another in series, the lowest cracking reaction kettle is connected with a heating device (20), the discharge port of a drying device (13) is communicated with the inner barrel of the uppermost cracking reaction kettle, two ends of the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle are sealed through end sockets, and waveform metal expansion joints (67) are arranged between the adjacent cracking reaction kettles and between the barrels and the end sockets of the cracking reaction kettles.

8. The low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cracked gas treatment device comprises a three-phase separator (26), a condenser (27), a gas-liquid separator (28) and an oil-water separator (29), wherein the three-phase separator (26) is connected with a cracked gas outlet (64) of the cracking reaction device, a water phase outlet of the three-phase separator (26) is connected with the oil-water separator (29), a gas phase outlet of the three-phase separator (26) is connected with the condenser (27), a liquid phase outlet of the condenser (27) is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (28), a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (28) is connected with the oil-water separator (29), a gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (28) is connected with a gas collecting mechanism, the three-, the oil phase outlets of the condenser (27), the gas-liquid separator (28) and the oil-water separator (29) are connected with an oil storage tank, and the water phase outlet of the oil-water separator (29) is connected with a sewage treatment device.

9. The process for treating the straws by using the low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking treatment device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) crushing and crushing the straws by using a straw pretreatment device;

(2) preheating the cracking reaction device to enable the temperature of the cracking reaction device to reach more than 300 ℃;

(3) the straws of the straw pretreatment device are sent into a drying device (13) to be dried;

(4) feeding the dried straws into a cracking reaction device for cracking, and feeding cracking gas generated by the cracking reaction device into a cracking gas treatment device for collection and treatment;

the cracking reaction device comprises a plurality of cracking reaction kettles, wherein the barrel of each cracking reaction kettle is a concentric horizontal double-layer double-barrel hollow cylinder consisting of two cylinders with different diameters, a cracking kettle interlayer (61) is formed between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, the outer barrels of the adjacent cracking reaction kettles are communicated with the outer barrel, the inner barrel is communicated with the inner barrel, and the plurality of cracking reaction kettles are communicated up and down and connected in series;

the plurality of cracking reaction kettles comprise a first cracking reaction kettle (16), a second cracking reaction kettle (17), a third cracking reaction kettle (18) and a fourth cracking reaction kettle (19), the first cracking reaction kettle (16) is connected with a heating device (20), and straws dried by the drying device (13) sequentially pass through the fourth cracking reaction kettle (19), the third cracking reaction kettle (18), the second cracking reaction kettle (17) and an inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle (16);

after the heating device (20) heats the first cracking reaction kettle (16), hot gas in a cracking kettle interlayer (61) of the first cracking reaction kettle (16) sequentially flows through a second cracking reaction kettle (17), a third cracking reaction kettle (18) and a cracking kettle interlayer (61) of a fourth cracking reaction kettle (19);

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the fourth cracking reaction kettle (19) is 150-250 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 1-1.5 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft (62) and the blades in the kettle is 1-15 r/min;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the third cracking reaction kettle (18) is 250-400 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 1.5-2 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft (62) and the blades in the kettle is 1-15 r/min;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the second cracking reaction kettle (17) is 400-500 ℃, the material stays in the kettle for 2-2.5 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft (62) and the blades in the kettle is 1-15 r/min;

the temperature in the inner cylinder of the first cracking reaction kettle (16) is 500-600 ℃, the residence time of the materials in the kettle is 2.5-3 hours, and the rotating speed of the hollow shaft (62) and the blades in the kettle is 1-15 revolutions per minute.

10. The application of the low-temperature anaerobic straw cracking device of any one of claims 1 to 8 and the process for treating straw of claim 9 in treating organic waste is characterized in that: the organic waste comprises straw, household garbage, industrial garbage, kitchen waste, coal gangue, oil sludge, solid waste and hazardous waste, does not need to be classified and screened, and does not have secondary pollution in the treatment process.

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