CN112037612A

CN112037612A - Sun tracking instrument

Info

Publication number: CN112037612A
Application number: CN202010894415.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔蕾
Original assignee: SUZHOU YULONG SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION EQUIPMENT CO LTD
Current assignee: SUZHOU YULONG SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION EQUIPMENT CO LTD
Priority date: 2020-08-31
Filing date: 2020-08-31
Publication date: 2020-12-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a sun tracking instrument which comprises a base, a horizontal adjusting screw, a bracket, a sun height disc, a sun declination disc, an illumination ring, a sun sighting tube and a focusing lens, wherein the horizontal adjusting screw is arranged on the base; the horizontal adjusting screw is arranged at the bottom of the base and used as a supporting leg; a level gauge and a compass are arranged on the base; the bracket is arranged on the upper surface of the base; a sun azimuth dial is arranged below the bracket; a solar height disc is arranged on one surface of the bracket, and a solar declination disc is arranged on the other surface of the bracket; a sun sighting pipe is arranged between the sun height disc and the sun declination disc; the tail end of the sun sighting tube is provided with a focusing lens; the illumination rings arranged on the outer sides of the circumferences of the solar height disc and the solar declination disc are reasonable in structure, convenient to operate and beneficial to training the practical ability of students; the observation data are clear, so that the data are conveniently recorded, analyzed and the rule is ended; the movement change of the sun in the anniversary and the anniversary is convenient to know, and the scientific literacy and exploration capacity of students are convenient to cultivate.

Description

Sun tracking instrument

Technical Field

The invention relates to a geography teaching demonstration device, in particular to a sun tracker capable of observing sun data.

Background

The movement of the earth is the root of periodic variation of a series of geographic phenomena on the earth and is also the key point and difficulty in middle school geography teaching. The human living on the earth cannot directly sense the movement of the earth, and the sunday movement and the annual movement of the sun are the most obvious and intuitive reflection of the rotation and revolution movement of the earth. By observing the movement of the sun, students can be helped to understand and master the basic law of the movement of the earth.

However, most teaching instruments focus on demonstration phenomena and display principles so as to facilitate the explanation of teachers and the understanding of students. The training device is not beneficial to training the practical ability of students, and lacks of observation through practice, thereby deepening the understanding and ending of the movement law.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the teaching instrument is characterized in that the teaching instrument focuses on the observation and recording of solar data, is matched with a corresponding recording chart, guides the observation, recording, data analysis and summarization rules of students, not only knows and masters the professional knowledge of earth movement, but also learns scientific research methods, and cultivates the scientific literacy and exploration capability of the students.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a sun tracking instrument comprises a base, a horizontal adjusting screw, a bracket, a solar altitude disc, a solar declination disc, an illumination ring, a solar aiming tube and a focusing lens; the horizontal adjusting screw is arranged at the bottom of the base and used as a supporting leg; a level gauge and a compass are arranged on the base; the bracket is arranged on the upper surface of the base; the bracket can rotate left and right; a sun azimuth dial is arranged below the bracket; a sun azimuth pointer is arranged in the sun azimuth dial; the sun azimuth pointer is connected with the bracket and synchronously rotates with the bracket; a solar height disc is arranged on one surface of the bracket, and a solar declination disc is arranged on the other surface of the bracket; a sun sighting pipe is arranged between the sun height disc and the sun declination disc; the tail end of the sun sighting tube is provided with a focusing lens; the solar sighting tube can move along the outer circumference of the solar height disc or the solar declination disc; the outer sides of the circumferences of the solar height disc and the solar declination disc are provided with illumination rings; the sunlight spot formed by the focusing lens is projected on the illumination ring; a sun altitude indicator is arranged on the sun altitude disc; and a solar declination reading ruler is arranged on the solar declination disc.

Preferably, the sun altitude indicator is connected with the sun sighting tube and rotates along with the sun sighting tube.

Preferably, the solar declination reading ruler is manually rotated.

Preferably, a GPS display system is further disposed on the base.

Preferably, the information displayed by the GPS display system includes local time, longitude and latitude, altitude and the number of satellites.

Preferably, the horizontal adjusting screw is provided in plurality.

Preferably, the number of the horizontal adjusting screws is at least three.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the device is reasonable in structure and convenient to operate, and is beneficial to training the practical ability of students;

2. the observation data are clear, so that the data are conveniently recorded, analyzed and the rule is ended;

3. by recording observation data, the movement changes of the sun in the anniversary and the anniversary are convenient to know, and the scientific literacy and exploration capacity of students are convenient to cultivate.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a front view structure of a sun tracker;

FIG. 2 is a left side view schematic diagram of a sun tracker;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a right view structure of a sun tracker;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the structure of the plane A-A in FIG. 1;

wherein: 1. a base; 11. a level gauge; 12. a compass; 13. a GPS display system; 2. a horizontal adjusting screw; 3. a support; 31. a sun azimuth dial; 32. a sun azimuth pointer; 4. a solar altitude disc; 41. a solar altitude angle pointer; 5. solar declination plate; 51. a solar declination reading ruler; 6. an illumination ring; 7. sun sighting; 8. and a focusing lens.

Detailed Description

As shown in the attached figures 1-4, the sun tracking instrument comprises a base 1, a horizontal adjusting screw 2, a bracket 3, a solar height disc 4, a solar declination disc 5, an illumination ring 6, a solar aiming tube 7 and a focusing lens 8; the horizontal adjusting screws 2 are arranged at the bottom of the base 1 and used as support legs, and the number of the horizontal adjusting screws 2 is three and used for adjusting the level of the base 1; a level gauge 11 and a compass 12 are arranged on the base 1; the base 1 is also provided with a GPS display system 13; the information displayed by the GPS display system 13 includes a plurality of pieces of information such as local time, longitude and latitude, altitude, and the number of satellites; the bracket 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the base 1 and is positioned in the center of the base 1; the bracket 1 can rotate left and right; a sun azimuth dial 31 is arranged below the bracket 3; a sun azimuth pointer 32 is arranged in the sun azimuth dial 31; the sun azimuth pointer 32 is connected with the bracket 3 and rotates synchronously with the bracket 3; a solar height disc 4 is arranged on one surface of the bracket 3, and a solar declination disc 5 is arranged on the other surface; a sun sighting pipe 7 is arranged between the sun height disc 4 and the sun declination disc 5; the tail end of the sun sighting tube 7 is provided with a focusing lens 8; the sun sighting tube 7 can move along the outer circumference of the sun height disc or the sun declination disc; the outer sides of the circumferences of the solar height disc 4 and the solar declination disc 5 are provided with illumination rings 6; the sunlight point formed by the focusing lens 8 is projected on the illumination ring 6; the sun altitude disc 4 is provided with a sun altitude angle pointer 41, and the sun altitude angle pointer 41 is connected with the sun sighting tube 7 and rotates along with the sun sighting tube 7; the solar declination plate 5 is provided with a solar declination reading ruler 51, and the solar declination reading ruler 51 rotates manually.

The using method comprises the following steps:

1) the sun tracker is placed in an open place, and no buildings, trees and the like are arranged around the sun tracker to shield the sun;

2) adjusting the direction of the base 1 to enable 0 degree on the sun azimuth dial 3 on the surface of the base 1 to be at the true north position;

3) adjusting a horizontal adjusting screw 2 at the lower part of the base 1, and observing the level gauge 11 to enable the sun tracking instrument to be in a horizontal state;

4) the bracket 3 and the sun sighting tube 7 are rotated, so that sunlight forms a sunlight spot through a focusing lens 8 at the tail end of the sun sighting tube 7 and is projected on the illumination ring 6, and relevant data are recorded in time.

The sun tracking instrument can be used for observing and recording the azimuth and the altitude of the sun at any time and knowing the sun sunday movement; the local geographical latitude can be calculated according to the measured solar altitude at noon; calculating local longitude by using the normal time of the noon moment; mutual authentication is carried out with the GPS display system 13; by comparing the sun sunday movement in different seasons, the movement of the direct solar radiation, the change of day and night length and the change of sunrise and sunset directions can be known.

The first embodiment is as follows: observing the height of the sun at noon:

1) the sun tracker is well debugged, and the bracket 3 is rotated to enable the sun azimuth pointer 32 on the surface of the base 1 to point to 180 degrees;

2) when the position displayed by the GPS display system 13 is close to 12 points, the sun sighting tube 7 is rotated, so that sunlight projects on the illumination ring 6 through the focusing lens 8 at the tail end of the sun sighting tube 7 to form light points;

3) recording the degree (solar noon height) pointed by the solar altitude pointer 41 on the solar altitude disc 4 at this time;

4) the local latitude or the latitude of the direct solar radiation (solar declination) can be calculated by using a formula and mutually verified with the data displayed by the GPS display system 13;

solar noon altitude =90 ° - | latitude-solar declination | (this formula applies to the north region of the backreturn line).

Example two: sun sunday movement observation:

1) the sun tracker is well debugged, and the local time displayed by the GPS display system 13 is displayed;

2) and (3) recording observation data: according to the time: sunrise (recording time), 6: 00. 8:00, 10:00, 12:00 (azimuth 180 degrees), 14:00, 16:00 and 18:00, sunset (recording time), respectively recording azimuth and altitude data; the recorded data can clearly show the day and night length of a place and a day, the sunrise and sunset direction and the day change of the sun height;

if the data of the day-of-week motion of different dates or dimensions on the same place exist, the corresponding change rule can be obtained through comparison.

Example three: astronomical positioning:

1) observing according to the first embodiment, and measuring local solar noon height and Beijing time at noon moment;

2) the solar declination of the day is found in the solar declination plate 5, and the formula is as follows:

noon sun height =90 ° - | latitude-sun declination | this formula applies to the north region of the north Return line

Calculating the local latitude;

3) the difference between the Beijing time at noon and the local time (12: 00) and the latitude of 120 DEG E is calculated to obtain the local longitude.

Example four: the change of the sun in the year of the movement:

1) selecting four days before and after the spring equinox, the summer solstice, the autumn equinox and the winter solstice for observation, wherein the observation data refers to the data record in the step 2) in the second embodiment;

2) drawing a curve graph according to the recorded data, wherein the horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is solar height;

3) analyzing the graph, the following conclusions can be drawn: (suitable for the north area of the return line of north)

A. The longest day from summer to daytime and the highest solar energy at noon; the winter solstice daytime is the shortest, and the noon sun is the lowest;

B. the day is long and the night is short, the sunrise is northeast, and the sunset is northwest; the longer the day, the more north the sunrise and sunset directions are;

C. the daytime is short and the night is long, the sunrise is in the southeast and the sunset is in the southwest; the shorter the daytime is, the more south the sunrise and sunset directions are;

D. the spring equinox and autumn equinox, the day and night are equally divided, the sunrise is just east, and the sunset is just west.

Example five: remote joint measurement: contacting schools with different latitudes, carrying out different-place same-day observation, summarizing and sharing observation data, analyzing data and obtaining the following conclusion: (suitable for the north area of the return line of north)

A. The higher the latitude, the lower the solar altitude at noon;

B. in summer for half a year (spring equinox-autumn equinox), the higher the latitude, the longer the daytime;

in half a year in winter (autumn-spring equinox), the higher the latitude, the shorter the daytime;

C. spring equinox and autumn equinox in every place.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts disclosed herein be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sun tracking device is characterized in that: the device comprises a base, a horizontal adjusting screw, a bracket, a solar height disc, a solar declination disc, an illumination ring, a solar aiming tube and a focusing lens; the horizontal adjusting screw is arranged at the bottom of the base and used as a supporting leg; a level gauge and a compass are arranged on the base; the bracket is arranged on the upper surface of the base; the bracket can rotate left and right; a sun azimuth dial is arranged below the bracket; a sun azimuth pointer is arranged in the sun azimuth dial; the sun azimuth pointer is connected with the bracket and synchronously rotates with the bracket; a solar height disc is arranged on one surface of the bracket, and a solar declination disc is arranged on the other surface of the bracket; a sun sighting pipe is arranged between the sun height disc and the sun declination disc; the tail end of the sun sighting tube is provided with a focusing lens; the solar sighting tube can move along the outer circumference of the solar height disc or the solar declination disc; the outer sides of the circumferences of the solar height disc and the solar declination disc are provided with illumination rings; the sunlight spot formed by the focusing lens is projected on the illumination ring; a sun altitude indicator is arranged on the sun altitude disc; and a solar declination reading ruler is arranged on the solar declination disc.

2. A sun tracker according to claim 1, wherein: the sun elevation angle pointer is connected with the sun sighting tube and rotates along with the sun sighting tube.

3. A sun tracker according to claim 1, wherein: the solar declination reading ruler is manually rotated.

4. A sun tracker according to claim 1, wherein: and the base is also provided with a GPS display system.

5. A sun tracker according to claim 4, wherein: the information displayed by the GPS display system comprises local time, longitude and latitude, altitude and satellite number.

6. A sun tracker according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal adjusting screws are multiple.

7. A sun tracking device according to claim 6, wherein: the number of the horizontal adjusting screws is at least three.