CN1062983A - Calculator for shined time of sunlight - Google Patents

Calculator for shined time of sunlight Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1062983A
CN1062983A CN 91106603 CN91106603A CN1062983A CN 1062983 A CN1062983 A CN 1062983A CN 91106603 CN91106603 CN 91106603 CN 91106603 A CN91106603 A CN 91106603A CN 1062983 A CN1062983 A CN 1062983A
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China
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dish
calculating
latitude
terrestrial globe
rotation measuring
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CN 91106603
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Chinese (zh)
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罗育鳌
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Individual
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Abstract

A kind ofly be used to impart knowledge to students, the calculator for shined time of sunlight of causes such as aviation, navigation, meteorology, scientific investigation, it is made of protective disc, movable rotation measuring and calculating dish, terrestrial globe dish and terminal pad.Can calculate on the earth different latitude area sun altitude, sunrise all over the world, sunset, illumination length round the clock, 1 year 24 solar term sun direct projection terrestrial latitude position, southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere polar day, polar night scope.Characteristics such as that this counter has is simple in structure, of many uses, processing is easy to use.

Description

Calculator for shined time of sunlight
The present invention is a kind of calculator for shined time of sunlight, particularly relates on the earth different latitude area sun altitude, sunrise, sunset, illumination length round the clock, the 24 solar term calculator for shined time of sunlight of same date sun direct projection terrestrial latitude position not throughout the year.
The objective of the invention is to calculate for causes such as China's teaching, aviation, navigation, meteorology, scientific investigation designs is a kind of different latitude area sun altitude on the earth, sunrise, sunset, illumination length round the clock, 1 year 24 solar term not same date sun direct projection terrestrial latitude position, southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere polar day, polar night scope calculator for shined time of sunlight.
Solution of the present invention is base area revolutions, revolution principle, and by protective disc, movable rotation illumination measuring and calculating dish, terrestrial globe dish and terminal pad constitute calculator for shined time of sunlight.
The present invention can obtain describing in detail from following embodiment accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 calculator for shined time of sunlight structure is always schemed;
Fig. 2 calculator for shined time of sunlight protective disc structural drawing;
The movable rotation of Fig. 3 measuring and calculating dish structural drawing;
Fig. 4 terrestrial globe dish structural drawing;
Fig. 5 terminal pad structural drawing;
The calculator for shined time of sunlight of describing among Fig. 1 is made of protective disc 1, movable rotation measuring and calculating dish 4, terrestrial globe dish 11 and terminal pad 18.
The round protective disc of describing among Fig. 21 is processed by organic glass or bakelite plate or lightweight metal material.In the middle of the protective disc 1 water white transparency film or transparent plastic sheet diaphragm 2 can be housed.
The activity rotation measuring and calculating dish of describing among Fig. 34 is by water white transparency flake or transparent plastic or the processing of organic clear glass, be carved with subsolar point index line 5(elevation angle 90 degree in the measuring and calculating dish), terminator 6, the sun altitude in corresponding date index line 7 and latitude area, sun direct projection earth north and south is counted 8(0 to 90 degree), rotating handle 9 moves back and forth when being convenient to calculate.
The terrestrial globe dish of describing among Fig. 4 11 is by water white transparency film or transparent plastic or organic glass processing, be carved with corresponding day issue 12 of 1 year 24 solar term of traditional calendar in the instrument dish, the earth north and south latitude number of degrees 13, the earth each through, half daylight time of parallel several 14, equatorial line 15, the local moment several 17 of day length short time several 16 on warp and the terminator joining place parallel and corresponding warp.
The terminal pad of describing among Fig. 5 18 adopts organic glass or bakelite plate or lightweight metal material to process.Terminal pad 18 has a breach, is the moving position that 4 handles are coiled in movable rotation measuring and calculating.
During assembling, terrestrial globe dish 11 is connected by rivet 10 with movable rotation measuring and calculating dish 4, and can relatively rotate.Terrestrial globe dish 11 and movable rotation measuring and calculating dish 4 are placed on the protective disc 1, refill terminal pad 18, fixing with screw 3 at last.After installing, movable rotating disc 4 can rotate in the breach scope on the terminal pad 18.
Calculating principle and using method is:
1, the measuring and calculating of sun altitude, solar noon sun height are exactly the sun for the angular distance of the ground level on locality positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m, this ground, because the Earth is a spheroid, height of the sun at noon be successively decrease gradually to north and south two sides from the position in equator and also from place, equator latitude, to north and south two sides whenever be separated by 1 the degree, height of the sun at noon just reduce 1 the degree.When sun direct projection equator, various places height of the sun at noon and location latitude sum are 90 degree.The sun altitude of all the other each days then press H=90 °-ψ+
Figure 911066039_IMG2
Calculate.When for example calculating sun direct projection north latitude 10 and spending.The various places height of the sun at noon, then promote rotating handle 9, make subsolar point index line 5 aim at north latitude 10 degree above the earth north and south latitude number of degrees 13, at this moment, north latitude 10 degree index lines and the data that south, north sun altitude 8 align above are the height of the sun at noon on the north latitude 10 degree lines, find out from counter, this moment, the sun altitude of north latitude 60 degree and arctic point was 40 degree and 10 degree, and the height of the sun at noon of south latitude 30 degree and 80 degree is respectively 50 degree and 0 degree.
2, the measuring and calculating of different solar terms (date) sun direct projection Position Latitude, handing over gas according to traditional calendar 24 solar term is 24 Along ents on the ecliptic constantly, each gas loop section equates.Respectively be 15 degree, during every gas, average is 15.2184, got approximate value 15 and (wherein affix one's name to, affix one's name to the beginning of autumn greatly to big to little administration, little administration to Grain Full, Grain Full to Grain in Ear, the Summer Solstice the Beginning of summer, the place affix one's name to six sections such as White Dew be 16, all the other each sections are 15), promptly solar celestial longitude was once advancing average every day.The computing method of solar declination are Sin
Figure 911066039_IMG3
(declination)=Sin23 ° of 26 ' Sin λ (ecliptic longitude)=0.3977Sin λ, use the data of 24 solar term solar declinations of this formula to calculating, in the time will calculating the latitude of certain solar term sun direct projection, promote rotating handle 9, make corresponding date index line 7 aim at certain solar term date that the 24 solar term were calculated in the corresponding date 12, the earth south of subsolar point index line 5 indications, data in the north latitude number of degrees 13, it is the latitude number of this sun direct projection in red-letter day, the Ching Ming Festival of for example (April 5 or 4 days), 5 ° 54 of sun direct projection north latitude ', the Beginning of Winter (November 7 or 8 days), 16 ° 20 in sun direct projection south latitude '.
3, sunrise all over the world, sunset constantly and daytime length measuring and calculating, the sunrise of various places on the same parallel of the earth, sunset are constantly, the day length short time all is identical.Terminator is divided into day arc and night arc two parts to each parallel of the earth.And the plane of enclosing the place morning and evening is vertical with sunray, and it is along with the mobile and corresponding swing of subsolar point.The each point that morning, line and warp intersected all is the moment at dawn on this ground, dusk, the each point that intersects of line and warp all was the moment at dusk on this ground, supposed that half daylight time of each parallel several 14 is f, and asking these parallel day length short time computing method is t=f * 2, ask this parallel sunrise constantly, then t 1=12-f, as ask this parallel sunset moment, then t 2=12+f, for example, when sun direct projection south latitude 20 was spent, north latitude 30 degree was 5 o'clock 11 minutes 30 seconds (half daylight times) with the point data f that daytime, line intersected, so, 11 fens 30 seconds * 2=10 points of the day length t=5 point of north latitude 30 degree 23 minutes, sunrise moment t 1=12 o'clock-5: 11: 30=6: 48: 30, sunset is t constantly 2=12 o'clock+5: 11: 30, half daylight time when and for example south latitude 40 is spent was 7: 11, and 11 minutes * 2=14 of the south latitude 40 regional day length t=7 points of degree point is 22 minutes so, and sunrise is t constantly 1=12 :-7: 11 1, sunset is t constantly 2=12 o'clock+7: 11=19: 11.
4, earth south, Northern Hemisphere polar day, polar night scope measuring and calculating, polar day, polar night area all be the spherical crown area of terrestrial pole, if be the center with the terrestrial pole.Solar declination is a radius, and its width is the complementary angle of solar declination.For example: when sun direct projection north latitude 10 was spent, the minimum latitude in polar day area was 90 degree-10 degree=80 degree in the Arctic Circle.The minimum latitude in area at polar night also is 90 degree-10=80 degree in the Antarctic Circle.When sun direct projection south latitude 15 is spent, the minimum latitude in area at polar night, the Northern Hemisphere is 90 degree-15=75 degree, the minimum latitude in polar day area, the Southern Hemisphere also is 90 degree-15 degree=75 degree, as measuring and calculating " grain rains " joint (April 20) southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere polar day, the scope at polar night, promptly promote rotation 9, make corresponding date index line aim at 24 solar term and " grain rains " in the corresponding date 12 joint position, at this moment, terminator respectively with south, 78 ° 32 of north latitude ' intersect, this 78 ° 32 of north latitude of explanation ' to the north of the area be the polar day area, 78 ° of 32 ' areass to the south of south latitude are areas at polar night, measuring and calculating " the Beginning of Winter " joint (November 7 or 8 days) southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere polar day scope at polar night and for example, same measuring and calculating learn north latitude 73 ° 40 ' to the north of the area be the area at polar night, 73 ° of 40 ' areass to the south of south latitude are the polar day area.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of calculator for shined time of sunlight that is used for causes such as geographical teaching, aviation, navigation, meteorology, scientific investigation is characterized in that this counter is made of protective disc (1), the activity rotation measuring and calculating dish (4), terrestrial globe dish (11) and the terminal pad (18) that have a turning handle (9).Terrestrial globe dish (11) is connected by rivet (10) with movable rotation measuring and calculating dish (4), and can relatively rotate, terrestrial globe dish (11) and movable rotation measuring and calculating dish (4) are placed on the protective disc (1), load onto terminal pad (18), protective disc (1) and terminal pad (18) is fixing with screw (3); Be carved with subsolar point index line (5), terminator (6), traditional corresponding date index line of calendar 24 moral (7), earth north and south latitude sun altitude number (8) on the movable rotation measuring and calculating dish (4); Be carved with the corresponding date (12) of 1 year 24 solar term of traditional calendar on the terrestrial globe dish (11), the local number (17) constantly of place parallel day length short time number (16) and corresponding warp when the earth north and south latitude number of degrees (13), each warp half daylight time number (14) of the earth, equatorial line (15), terminator and warp intersect.
2, calculator for shined time of sunlight according to claim 1 is characterized in that protective disc (1), web joint (18) can be made by organic glass, bakelite plate or lightweight metal material.Movable rotation measuring and calculating dish (4), terrestrial globe dish (11) can be made with water white transparency film, transparent plastic or organic clear glass.
CN 91106603 1990-12-30 1990-12-30 Calculator for shined time of sunlight Pending CN1062983A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 91106603 CN1062983A (en) 1990-12-30 1990-12-30 Calculator for shined time of sunlight

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CN 91106603 CN1062983A (en) 1990-12-30 1990-12-30 Calculator for shined time of sunlight

Publications (1)

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CN1062983A true CN1062983A (en) 1992-07-22

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CN 91106603 Pending CN1062983A (en) 1990-12-30 1990-12-30 Calculator for shined time of sunlight

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112037612A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-04 苏州育龙科教设备有限公司 Sun tracking instrument

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112037612A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-04 苏州育龙科教设备有限公司 Sun tracking instrument

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