CN205564085U - Sunshine duration visulizer - Google Patents
Sunshine duration visulizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN205564085U CN205564085U CN201620168103.3U CN201620168103U CN205564085U CN 205564085 U CN205564085 U CN 205564085U CN 201620168103 U CN201620168103 U CN 201620168103U CN 205564085 U CN205564085 U CN 205564085U
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Abstract
Sunshine duration visulizer relates to the geography teaching instrument. Include that bottom plate, cylindrical support, compass, spirit level, footing leveling screw, horizontal coordinate system unite, temporal coordinate system unifies the camera, horizontal coordinate system all is equipped with horizontal circle, lower prime vertical support, meridian circle support track and an axle bed, and temporal coordinate system all is equipped with transparent celestial sphere table, movable meridian circle, counter roll, counter roll knob, compass, spirit level and footing leveling screw are established on the bottom plate, down the prime vertical support is fixed on the support with noon circle support track, and prime vertical support top under is established to the horizontal circle, props up an axle bed and establishes at the horizontal circle, be equipped with the azimuth scale ring on the horizontal circle, the celestial sphere table is fixed on the horizontal circle, angle index and solar term declination parallel when being equipped with on the celestial sphere table, and movable meridian snare is in noon circle support track, counter roll one end and noon circle support between tracks connection, another pot head is on movable meridian circle, and the counter roll tip is equipped with the counter roll knob, the camera support is located epaxially.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to geographical teaching instrument, especially relates to a kind of sunshine-duration visualizer.
Background technology
The promulgation of " Xiamen City's architectural engineering Sunlight Analysis technical management rule " has caused universal to house " right of lighting " of the common people
Pay close attention to.According to the rules, each household house at least room day in a Great Cold effective sunshine is not less than 3 hours.It is reported, Xiamen City advises
Drawing office to need to examine building Sunlight Analysis in planning management, the Sunlight Analysis scheme accepted every year is examined all over one hundred
More than piece.
Investigation finds, current planning building department carries out the way of Sunlight Analysis mainly two kinds.One, tissue is by professional
Composition measurement troop, go to field survey building plan-position, place to be measured (containing building flex point coordinate, building structure,
The number of plies etc.), Indoor environment terrace and outdoor ground elevation, depth of building (vertical dimension of indoor terrace to sunshade point),
Building floor height (interior net storey height adds slab thickness), the data such as window size and location of building sunny slope, residing for locality
Latitude inputs the angle of incidence of day in Great Cold sunlight, is drawn the sunshine time of its day in Great Cold by series of computation；Its two, by building
Thing design drawing etc. carries out material object or electronics three-dimensional modeling, is calculated by mould simulation.
Investigation also finds, above two method, in practical operation, exists series of problems.One, field survey method needs to throw
Entering substantial amounts of human and material resources, measure the item is relatively complicated with calculating, and Sunlight Analysis is relatively costly；Its two, field survey has
The factors such as bigger spatio-temporal restriction, i.e. needs to survey the most afterwards in Great Cold, as the best in measurement weather conditions on the same day are by pole
Big must disturb or hinder Sunlight Analysis；Its three, modeling measuring and calculating technical difficulty higher, Sunlight Analysis is the longest, impact administration effect
Rate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of sunshine-duration visualizer.
This utility model include base plate, cylindrical holder, compass, level indicator, footing leveling serew, horizon system of coordinates, time
Between coordinate system and photographic head；
Described horizon system of coordinates is provided with horizontal circle, lower prime vertical support, meridian circle bracket track and an axle bed, time coordinate system
System is provided with transparent celestial sphere billiard table, movable meridian circle, fulcrum, fulcrum knob；The bottom of cylindrical holder is fixed on base plate, guide
Pin, level indicator and footing leveling serew are located on base plate；Lower prime vertical support and noon coil support track are fixed on cylindrical holder,
Horizontal circle is located at lower prime vertical cradle top, and an axle bed is located at horizontal circle；Horizontal circle is provided with azimuth scale annulus, transparent celestial sphere
Billiard table is screwed on horizontal circle, angle index and the solar term parallel of declination when transparent celestial sphere billiard table is provided with, movable meridian snare
In noon coil support track, movable meridian circle is provided with latitude scale, and one end of fulcrum is connected with noon coil support track by screw,
The other end of fulcrum is enclosed within movable meridian circle, and a shaft end is provided with fulcrum knob, and camera bracket is located on fulcrum, photographic head
It is located at camera bracket center.
Described Horizon astragal azimuth scale.
Described axle bed is that east-west direction props up axle bed.
Described movable meridian astragal latitude scale.
Described fulcrum represents earth axis.
The described solar term parallel of declination shows the apparent motion of the sun track of these solar term.
This utility model, with the observation instrument of relative ease as instrument, obtains it in 1 year arbitrarily at any time, anywhere
The effective sunshine time on date, thus reduce the cost of Sunlight Analysis, shorten the measurement time, break through the space-time limitation of Sunlight Analysis
Property.This utility model has the advantage that
(1) this utility model uses the straightline propagation principle of apparent motion of the sun principle and light dexterously, should be placed in observer and screening
Celestial sphere dependent equatorial coordinate system (particularly hour angle and solar term declination) micro beyond block material, will shooting on little transparent billiard table
Head is placed in the centre of sphere i.e. position of observation station, is equivalent to feature time and solar term line in the background in kind of observation station, and by taking the photograph
As head shows in computer, devise adjustable latitude the meridian circle driving hour angle system of coordinate to unite, thus reduce dexterously
The volume of instrument, is allowed to small and exquisite portable.
Use the most of the present utility model is the least by space-time limitation, is i.e. observed without the date the most to be measured (such as day in Great Cold) again,
Observing the sunshine-duration data that i.e. can get anywhere, any date the most at any time, it was observed by the weather conditions observing the same day
Journey has little to no effect；In addition its observation procedure simply, the shortest, individual can complete observation operation, overcome field survey
Shi Renli is big with material resources input amount, it is loaded down with trivial details with calculating project, easily by many drawbacks such as weather conditions etc. affect to measure.
(3) this utility model can either meet the needs of building Sunlight Analysis of different location, the whole nation, moreover it is possible to auxiliary senior geography is too
The teaching of the related contents such as sun apparent motion and study, have higher practical value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure composition front elevational schematic of this utility model embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the structure composition schematic side view of this utility model embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the structure composition schematic top plan view of this utility model embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Seeing Fig. 1～3, this utility model embodiment includes that base plate 1, cylindrical holder 2, compass 3, level indicator 4, footing are adjusted
Flat screw, horizon system of coordinates, time coordinate system and photographic head 18；Described horizon system of coordinates is provided with horizontal circle 6, the lower fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches
The tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches coil support 7, meridian circle bracket track 8 and an axle bed 9, time coordinate system is provided with transparent celestial sphere billiard table 10, movable meridian
Circle 13, fulcrum 14, fulcrum knob 15；The bottom of cylindrical holder 2 is fixed on base plate 1, compass 3, level indicator 4 and the end
Foot leveling serew is located on base plate 1；Lower prime vertical support 7 and noon coil support track 8 are fixed on cylindrical holder 2, horizontal circle
6 are located at lower prime vertical support 7 top, and an axle bed 9 is located at horizontal circle 6；Horizontal circle 6 is provided with azimuth scale annulus, transparent sky
Ball billiard table 10 is screwed on horizontal circle 6, angle index and the solar term parallel of declination when transparent celestial sphere billiard table 10 is provided with, can
Dynamic meridian circle 13 is enclosed within noon coil support track 8, and movable meridian circle 13 is provided with latitude scale, and spiral shell is passed through in one end of fulcrum 14
Silk 16 is connected with noon coil support track 8, and the other end of fulcrum 14 is enclosed within movable meridian circle 13, and fulcrum 14 end is provided with props up
Axle knob 15, camera bracket 17 is located on fulcrum 14, and photographic head 18 is located at camera bracket 17 center.
Described Horizon astragal azimuth scale.
Described axle bed is that east-west direction props up axle bed.
Described movable meridian astragal latitude scale.
Described fulcrum represents earth axis.
The described solar term parallel of declination shows the apparent motion of the sun track of these solar term.
Operation principle of the present utility model given below:
1. apparent motion of the sun principle
When looking up at starry sky, sensation the sun, the moon and the stars hang over the sky, this imaginary infinitely-great sky is exactly " celestial sphere ", i.e. I
The sun, the moon and the stars seen and motion thereof be celestial body projection on celestial sphere.If by the earth's axis north (southern) extreme direction infinitely extend and
The intersection point of celestial sphere is referred to as " (southern) pole, north, sky ", place, equator plane limitless extends the line intersected with celestial sphere and is referred to as " celestial equator ".
As a example by Xiamen (about 24 ° of N), people observe celestial bodies motion at this, and its ground level and the earth's axis are 66 ° of angles, due to
Celestial sphere is infinitely great, and old place ball can be considered infinitely small (i.e. as a particle).
Spinning motion due to the earth so that be in the people of the earth often it is observed that the rising in east and drop in west of sun every day.It is true that
This and non-solar around earth movements, but a kind of relative motion (according to motion composition principle, reference frame is different, to fortune
Dynamic description is relative), referred to as apparent motion of the sun.East, West, South, North four direction is had, when day in the Spring Equinox or autumn on ground level
In the case of point day sun direct projection under the line, the sun rises from due east, positive west falls, in like manner can according to the latitude of subsolar point,
Celestial sphere represents the apparent motion of the sun situation of the twenty-four solar terms.
2. Observation principle
For a certain latitude theoretical sunshine-duration on any date in 1 year, generally can table look-up and obtain the sunrise and at sunset on the same day
Carve, calculate and i.e. can get the sunshine-duration；But to obtain concrete a certain place (such as certain windowsill at certain family in certain building, building) one
The sunshine-duration on any date in Nian, except considering the sunrise on the same day and in addition to the sunset moment, in addition it is also necessary to consider the sun from sun to sun
Movement locus in whether have shelter (such as building, massif, trees etc.), by by blocking the period from sun to sun period
The effective sunshine time can be obtained after middle deduction.
This instrument is appropriately positioned over place to be measured, simulates any date in 1 year by rotating shaft and celestial sphere sphere graduated disc
Apparent motion of the sun situation, and situation about being blocked during the photographic head record solar apparent motion in fulcrum axle center by device,
Period between sunrise and sunset is deducted and i.e. can get its effective sunshine time through the period used by shelter contour line and (be not i.e. subject to
The sunshine-duration blocked).
Using method of the present utility model given below:
(1) this utility model is appropriately positioned over place to be measured (reclaiming the building certain windowsill at certain family in dish as certain is to be tested)；
(2), before using, guarantee that instrument keeps level by level indicator；Positioned by compass, by azimuth scale annulus
" northern " of upper logos is consistent with " northern " of true bearing, and (magnetic north pole and north geographic pole i.e. azimuth of polaris have necessarily
Deviation, but negligible for this utility model)；
(3) adjusting pole angle of inclination, is allowed to keep consistent with the geographic latitude in place to be measured；
(4) rotating shaft is to control photographic head shooting direction, records the date to be measured (such as day in Great Cold) too by the shooting of electro-photographic head
Sun apparent motion process, sends data to portable computer；
(5) by the solar term parallel of declination on sphere graduated disc and hour angle scale marker, through shelter contour line institute during shooting is recorded
Deduct from the period between sunrise and sunset with the period, i.e. can get the effective sunshine time.
Claims (5)
1. sunshine-duration visualizer, it is characterised in that include base plate, cylindrical holder, compass, level indicator, footing leveling serew,
Horizon system of coordinates, time coordinate system and photographic head；
Described horizon system of coordinates is provided with horizontal circle, lower prime vertical support, meridian circle bracket track and an axle bed, time coordinate system
System is provided with transparent celestial sphere billiard table, movable meridian circle, fulcrum, fulcrum knob；The bottom of cylindrical holder is fixed on base plate, guide
Pin, level indicator and footing leveling serew are located on base plate；Lower prime vertical support and noon coil support track are fixed on cylindrical holder,
Horizontal circle is located at lower prime vertical cradle top, and an axle bed is located at horizontal circle；Horizontal circle is provided with azimuth scale annulus, transparent celestial sphere
Billiard table is screwed on horizontal circle, angle index and the solar term parallel of declination when transparent celestial sphere billiard table is provided with, movable meridian snare
In noon coil support track, movable meridian circle is provided with latitude scale, and one end of fulcrum is connected with noon coil support track by screw,
The other end of fulcrum is enclosed within movable meridian circle, and a shaft end is provided with fulcrum knob, and camera bracket is located on fulcrum, photographic head
It is located at camera bracket center.
2. sunshine-duration visualizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Horizon astragal azimuth scale.
3. sunshine-duration visualizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described axle bed is that east-west direction props up axle bed.
4. sunshine-duration visualizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described movable meridian astragal latitude scale.
5. sunshine-duration visualizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described fulcrum represents earth axis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620168103.3U CN205564085U (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | Sunshine duration visulizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620168103.3U CN205564085U (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | Sunshine duration visulizer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205564085U true CN205564085U (en) | 2016-09-07 |
Family
ID=56817396
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620168103.3U Active CN205564085U (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2016-03-04 | Sunshine duration visulizer |
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| CN (1) | CN205564085U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112037612A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-04 | 苏州育龙科教设备有限公司 | Sun tracking instrument |
-
2016
- 2016-03-04 CN CN201620168103.3U patent/CN205564085U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112037612A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-04 | 苏州育龙科教设备有限公司 | Sun tracking instrument |
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