CN112036673A

CN112036673A - Measuring instrument quantity tracing method and measuring instrument management system

Info

Publication number: CN112036673A
Application number: CN201910414968.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 向友刚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-17
Filing date: 2019-05-17
Publication date: 2020-12-04
Also published as: WO2020233516A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring instrument quantity transmission/tracing method and a measuring instrument management system. The meter management system includes: the connection module is used for carrying out network connection with the metering appliance; the quantity transmission/tracing control module is used for remotely controlling the measuring instrument to perform quantity transmission/tracing; and the storage module is used for recording the quantity transmission/tracing result of the measuring instrument. The measuring instrument quantity transmitting/tracing method and the measuring instrument management system provided by the embodiment of the invention can remotely transmit/trace the measuring instrument through the network without requiring technical personnel of a higher-level measuring mechanism to go to the place where the measuring instrument is located for quantity transmitting/tracing and without conveying the measuring instrument to the higher-level measuring mechanism for quantity transmitting/tracing, so that the quantity transmitting/tracing is simpler and more convenient, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved.

Description

Measuring instrument quantity tracing method and measuring instrument management system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metering, in particular to a metering device quantity transmission/tracing method and a metering device management system.

Background

In this patent application, some terms are defined as follows:

volume Value Transmission (Volume Value Transmission, abbreviated as Volume Transmission): the unit quantity value reproduced by the metering standard or the metering standard is transmitted to the activity of the working metering appliance through the metering standard of each grade through the verification or the calibration of the metering appliance, so that the measured quantity value is accurate and consistent.

Quantity Value Traceability (Traceability for short): a property that enables the measurement or value of a measurement standard to be linked to a specified reference standard (typically a national or international metrological standard) by an uninterrupted comparison chain with a specified uncertainty.

The quantity transmission and the source tracing are mutually inverse processes: the quantity transmission is a process of transmitting the quantity values reproduced by the national metering reference instrument to all levels of metering standard instruments from top to bottom to the working metering instrument; the tracing is a process of tracing the measured value of the working measuring instrument or the measuring standard instrument from the bottom to the top to the upper measuring standard instrument to the national measuring standard instrument and can be carried out by more steps.

Assay (Verification): activities to ascertain and validate the compliance of a meter with legal requirements include inspection, labeling, and/or issuing certification, among others. Only the qualified measuring instrument can provide a certificate of verification and/or mark, namely the legal characteristic of the measuring instrument is given, and the unqualified measuring instrument can only provide a notice of the verification result. The verification is an important means of volume transmission, and comprises first verification, subsequent verification and the like.

First Verification (First Verification): before the measuring instrument is produced and used, the measuring instrument is subjected to a series of operations of checking, marking and/or issuing a certificate of certification according to the requirements of a certification protocol. The purpose is to determine whether the metering performance of a newly produced or newly purchased metering apparatus meets the requirements specified in the form approval.

Subsequent assay (Follow-up Verification): any one of the tests after the first test of the measuring instrument, such as forced periodic test (called as "strong test"), periodic test in the valid period, post-repair test, etc. The verification performed whether it is requested by the user or whether the seal within the validity period is somehow invalidated is a subsequent verification.

Test (Test): a check is called an in-use test to ascertain whether the certification mark or certificate of the meter is valid, whether the protective mark is damaged, whether the meter has been significantly altered after certification, and whether the error exceeds the maximum allowable error in use. It is essential to find out whether the metering apparatus is out of tolerance.

Mandatory Verification (Compulsory Verification) (i.e., "mandatory periodic Verification", abbreviated as "strong Verification"): the fixed-point and regular verification is carried out on the social public measuring standard appliances, the highest measuring standard appliances used by departments and enterprises and public institutions, the working measuring appliances listed in national strong inspection catalogues and used for trade settlement, safety protection, medical health, environmental monitoring and the like, and the legal measuring and verifying organization or authorized measuring and technical organization specified by the county-level or higher civil government measuring and administrative department. "fixed point" means that "home management" is performed, that is, the measuring instrument of the enterprise and public institution belonging to a certain region in the administrative division must be sent to the metering and verification institution or authorized metering and technical institution legal in the administrative division. By "periodic" is meant that the certification period (or "effective certification time interval") of the meter must be equal to or less than the certification period (or "effective certification time interval") specified in the national promulgated certification protocols.

First strong test (First Compulsory Verification): the working measuring instruments such as electric energy meters, water meters, gas meters, heat meters and the like installed and used in residential construction, which are called 'civil four meters' for short, must be forcibly verified for the first time before being installed and used, but because of large quantity and wide range and inconvenient assembly and disassembly, after the first forced verification is carried out, subsequent verification is not carried out, but a certain service life is specified, the instrument is scrapped due to expiration, and corresponding installation positions are replaced by new measuring instruments of the same type. This condition is called "first strong detection, expiration rotation" for short.

Non-mandatory assay (Non-regulatory Verification): a verification performed legally by the meter's user or by a certified institution having a socially common measurement standard or authority. The verification period and the verification mode of the non-compulsory verification measuring instrument are managed by an enterprise according to the law: the verification period or the inspection unit is independently determined by enterprises according to the actual use condition of the measuring instrument and the principle of science, economy and accurate value.

Calibration (Calibration): is a main means of tracing and is a group of operations under specified conditions: the relationship between the magnitude provided by the measurement standard and the corresponding indication, both of which have a measurement uncertainty, is determined and this information is used to determine the relationship by which the measurement result is obtained from the indication.

Alignment (Comparison): that is, comparison and verification means a process of comparing magnitudes reproduced by the same kind of weighing instruments of the same accuracy level or uncertainty range under a predetermined condition. If the comparison participants are not aware of the magnitude or technical parameter of the sample used, we call this comparison a blind comparison. The comparison of the measuring instruments generally includes method comparison, personnel comparison, equipment comparison and environmental condition comparison between laboratories or enterprises and public institutions having the same kind of measuring instruments, and also includes method comparison, personnel comparison, equipment comparison and environmental condition comparison in the laboratories or the enterprises and public institutions having the same kind of measuring instruments.

Test (measurement) (Test): the term "measurement" or "test" means a measurement having a test property, and means a combination of the measurement and the test. Because the test and the measurement are closely related, the test and the measurement are not strictly distinguished in practical use. The basic task of the test is to obtain relevant information such as performance and accuracy of the measured object by means of a special measuring instrument, a reasonably designed experimental method and necessary signal analysis and data processing. The test can be carried out according to corresponding terms in national metrological verification regulations or calibration specifications, and can also be carried out according to the performance and precision requirements of the tested object by adopting technical bases approved by both the entrusting party and the entrusted party.

Duration check (interim Checks) [ running check (Run check) ]: to maintain confidence in the certification/calibration status of the meter, it is checked between its two certifications/calibrations, including a period check of the meter in use and a period check of the reference etalon, which together essentially correspond to a running check in the ISO/IEC guidelines 25. This check should be performed according to a prescribed procedure. The confidence of a laboratory can be enhanced through the period check, and the accuracy and the reliability of the detection data are ensured.

Measuring Instruments (Measuring Instruments): the main tools for implementing verification or calibration are generally those measuring devices (such as taximeter verification device, high-frequency microwave power meter calibration device, etc.), instruments and meters (such as heart/electroencephalograph, pressure gauge, flow meter, etc.), sensors (sensors equipped with various measuring devices or instruments and meters, various sensors for independent input/output, measuring sensors or measuring probes in a negative feedback closed-loop control loop formed in various devices, etc.), measuring tools (such as measuring blocks, weights, etc.) and standard substances (such as carbon monoxide gas standard substance, ultraviolet light transmittance standard optical filter) for unifying the quantity values, which can be used alone or together with auxiliary devices to directly or indirectly measure the quantity value of the measured object. According to the regulations of the national "metrological act" and the related regulations on metrological instruments, before use or during their valid certification period or calibration time interval, they must be "certified" or "calibrated" by a qualified metrological agency according to the regulations of the corresponding certification regulations or calibration standards. Meanwhile, in the effective verification period of the measuring instrument, the using department of the measuring instrument can also carry out in-use verification on the measuring instrument according to the corresponding metrological verification rule or the regulation of the calibration standard.

The measuring instruments are classified according to the purpose of measurement, and mainly include three kinds of measuring instruments, such as a measuring standard instrument, and a work measuring instrument. Wherein:

1) measurement Base Instruments (or "reference Instruments"): in a particular area, the meters with the highest level of accuracy of the current generation are both the starting point of the volume transfer and the end point of the traceability. It is recognized by international agreements that the standards on which all other standards are fixed internationally as a given quantity are referred to as international benchmarks; the standard on which all other standards are rated as a given quantity in the country is called a national benchmark, formally recognized by the country. The national measurement standard instruments include three types, namely national measurement standard (main standard) measurement instruments, national sub-measurement standard measurement instruments and national working standard measurement instruments. The national measurement standard is a starting point of national measurement and is also an end point of national traceability, and has the highest metrological characteristic in China; the country sub-metering benchmark is used for replacing the daily use of the country metering benchmark and verifying the change of the country metering benchmark, and once the country metering benchmark is damaged, the country sub-metering benchmark can be used for replacing the country metering benchmark; the national working measurement standard is mainly used for replacing daily use of a national sub-measurement standard, and the measurement standard is verified/calibrated so as to avoid losing due metrological characteristics or being damaged due to frequent use of the national sub-measurement standard.

2) A Work Measuring instrument (or "Work Measuring instrument" or "general Measuring instrument"): measuring instruments (including various sensors used in a production field) used in daily work or on a production line of (commercial) products are generally used. The accuracy level is the lowest, and the accuracy level is the end point of the volume transmission and the starting point of the source tracing. This patent also attributes the measurement sensors in devices with negative feedback automatic control functions to the class of work meters.

3) Standard of Measurement (or "standard Measurement instrument"): the measuring instrument with the accuracy grade between the measuring reference instrument and the working measuring instrument and in the middle of quantity transmission or traceability receives the quantity transmission of the measuring reference instrument and transmits the quantity to the working measuring instrument downwards, and also receives the traceability of the working measuring instrument and finally transmits the traceability to the measuring reference instrument.

The measuring instruments are divided into two types according to the output or input modes: a Standard Source (Standard Source) class or a Standard table (Standard Instrument) class. The technical parameters of quantity transmission or source tracing also have two expression forms: either as an Output (Output) quantity of the standard source or as an Input (Input) quantity measured by the standard table:

1) metering Device or Instrument (Metrological Device or Instrument): technical parameters participating in quantity transmission or traceability are output to a checked meter as standard source classes to verify/calibrate the indicating value error of the checked meter, or are output to an input port of the checked meter as standard meter classes to verify/calibrate the indicating value error of the checked meter, for example, a U.S. FLUKE 5500A multifunctional calibrator is a source, and a 3560 type PULSE multi-analyzer system of Danish B & K company is a meter and is also a source;

2) metering instrument (Measurement Apparatus): generally belongs to the category of meters, such as pressure meters, thermometers and the like;

3) sensor or Transducer: the input end of the sensor is generally classified into a meter class, such as the input end of a sensor allocated to each metering device or instrument, the input end of each independent sensor, and the like, and the output end of the sensor is generally classified into a source class (the output end of a sensor allocated to each metering device or instrument, the output end of each independent sensor, and the like);

4) measuring Tool (Measuring Tool): the method can be a source type or a table type, for example, a measuring block is a source and a caliper is a table;

5) standard substations): generally belong to the source class, such as standard pH solutions and the like.

At present, the methods of "volume transmission" or "traceability" mainly include the following four methods:

step-by-step quantity transmission or tracing by using physical standard

The method is a traditional quantity transmission or tracing mode, is also a quantity transmission or tracing mode commonly used in the measurement fields of length, temperature, mechanics, electricity and the like in China at present, is implemented by a metrological verification/calibration mechanism or a metering technology mechanism (hereinafter referred to as a superior metrological verification/calibration mechanism) authorizing relevant departments or enterprises and institutions, belongs to the step of issuing a verification certificate or a result notice of verification, and belongs to the step of issuing a calibration certificate and giving uncertainty evaluation of measurement results, and the basic steps are as follows:

1) and the unit to be tested of the demand transmission/tracing sends the measuring instrument to be tested (generally, a 'measuring standard instrument' or a 'working measuring instrument') to the upper-level metrological verification/calibration mechanism to be verified/calibrated regularly in a manual transportation mode, and for the measuring instrument which is inconvenient to disassemble or transport, a technician of the upper-level metrological verification/calibration mechanism is required to go to the site of the demand transmission/tracing mechanism to verify/calibrate.

2) And technical personnel of a superior metrological verification/calibration mechanism verify/calibrate the measuring apparatus of the demand transmission/tracing unit according to a national metrological verification system table, a metrological verification rule or a calibration standard. The method belongs to the field of calibration, and comprises the steps of issuing a calibration certificate when a calibration result is qualified, issuing a calibration result notice when the calibration result is unqualified, issuing a calibration certificate and giving uncertainty evaluation of a measurement result when the calibration result is qualified.

3) When the demand transfer unit receives the certificate and has the measurement standard examination qualification certificate, the measurement transfer can be carried out or the measurement can be directly carried out by using the measuring instrument; when the demand transfer unit receives the verification result notification, the tested (calibrated) measuring instrument can be degraded for use or discarded. And after the source tracing unit receives the calibration certificate, determining whether the calibrated measuring instrument meets the working requirement of the calibrated measuring instrument according to the calibration result and the measurement uncertainty evaluation data.

Second, using the dispensing standard substance (CRM) to perform the quantity transmission or tracing

A standard substance is a substance or material that has highly stable physical, chemical or stoichiometric characteristics under specified conditions and is officially approved for use as a standard. Its effect in the field of metering is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1) and as a "control substance" to analyze the mass simultaneously with the sample under test.

2) And as a 'standard substance', the accuracy and reliability of the new measuring method and instrument are evaluated.

3) The accuracy and reliability of the new measurement methods and instruments are evaluated as "known substances".

The standard substance is generally classified into a primary standard substance and a secondary standard substance. The primary standard substance is mainly used for calibrating the secondary standard substance or verifying/calibrating the high-precision measuring instrument, and the secondary standard substance is mainly used for verifying/calibrating the common measuring instrument.

The method of this kind of measurement or tracing to the source is: the method comprises the steps that a country authorizes some functional enterprises and public institutions to produce standard substances for verifying/calibrating some measuring instruments, when a unit of demand transmission/traceability has corresponding measuring instruments to be verified/calibrated, the unit of demand transmission/traceability sends the measuring instruments to be verified to an upper-level measuring verification/calibration mechanism or invites technicians of the upper-level measuring verification/calibration mechanism to go to the site of the unit, and the corresponding standard substances are selected to verify/calibrate the measuring instruments to be verified.

The enterprise and public institution or metrological verification/calibration technical institution can purchase corresponding standard substances according to the actual needs of volume transmission or traceability, and the standard substances are used as 'measurement standards' for verifying/calibrating some measuring instruments or evaluating measurement methods, so that the measuring instruments which are qualified in verification or meet the calibration requirements can be used. This approach is currently used mainly in the field of physicochemical metrology.

This method is not very different from the first method in operation, and is performed manually (manually), except that the "standard substance" is used instead of the "standard measuring instrument" used in the first method.

Thirdly, carrying out quantity transmission or tracing by using broadcast standard signal

And transmitting standard signals through a radio station for volume transmission or tracing. At present, in China, the method is mainly used in the field of time frequency or certain radio measurement. The user can directly receive the standard signal in the field and verify/calibrate the corresponding time frequency or some radio metering appliances. Some measurement technical organizations authorized by the state transmit standard time, frequency or standard (television) format signals, if the to-be-detected measuring apparatus of the demand transmission/tracing unit is in a starting or receiving state in advance, after the to-be-detected measuring apparatus captures and receives the standard signal to be received, the to-be-detected measuring apparatus carries out verification/calibration on the received standard signal according to the corresponding verification rule or calibration standard and generates corresponding verification/calibration data. The demand transmission/tracing unit transmits the data back to the upper metrological verification/calibration mechanism, and the upper metrological verification/calibration mechanism analyzes and processes the data, obtains verification error/calibration result, system error, random measurement error, uncertainty of measurement result and the like of the calibrated metrological instrument, and issues verification certificate (result notice) or calibration certificate.

Fourthly, using 'measuring assurance program system' (MAPS) to carry out quantity transmission or tracing

The U.S. national standards institute has developed a new volume transmission or traceability scheme called the "measure assurance system (MAPS)". The specific scheme varies with different parameters, but is generally as follows: a collection of "transfer standards" (e.g., 10 power bases) of a certain accuracy is made by the national institute of standards, and is sent to each subordinate laboratory two times a year, while specifying the measurement method. Each subordinate laboratory measures the received "transfer standard" with its own working standard and sends the measurement back to the national bureau of standards along with the "transfer standard". After data processing, the national standards institute informs the lower level laboratory of system errors, measurement errors and the like. In the next year, the national institute of standards changes two "transfer standards" to the laboratory, and the operation process of the previous year is repeated. The MAPS adopts a closed-loop quantity transmission or tracing mode, and in the quantity transmission process, the measuring accuracy which can be achieved by a lower-level laboratory measuring instrument is checked, and the technical level of lower-level measuring personnel and errors and the like introduced by the working site conditions of a laboratory are checked. In China, the method is also applied to the specific field verification, calibration and test fields, but the 'transfer standard' is not easy to obtain, and the method has the advantages of repeated labor, labor and time consumption, so that the method is not popularized in a large range.

The China Committee for qualification (CNAS) has proposed a capacity verification plan or measurement verification for verifying the measurement capacity of the calibration laboratories in China, and requires each laboratory to perform blind sample comparison: the laboratory that the blind sample compares chooses a batch of "samples" with stable performance first, according to corresponding examination regulation/calibration standard or comparison standard, measure this batch of "samples", and the measured data is filed, then send the "sample" of the known measured data to the laboratory that compares with it, but the relevant measured data of this sample keeps secret to the laboratory that compares with it, then require the laboratory that compares with it to measure the same sample according to corresponding examination regulation/calibration standard or comparison standard, and send this sample and measured data back to the laboratory that the president compares together, the laboratory that the president compares processes the relevant measured data, thus verify the measuring ability of the laboratory that compares with it, because the relevant data of the sample that compares are not disclosed before and after the comparison, so called blind sample comparison. The capacity verification plan or measurement audit scheme proposed by CNAS is largely consistent with the quantity transmission or tracing mode of MAPS, and is similar to the MAPS mode.

Although the first, second and fourth quantity transmission or tracing modes in the existing quantity transmission or tracing modes have differences in measuring instruments and quantity transmission or tracing processes, the actual contents of the first, second and fourth quantity transmission or tracing modes are not very different, and all the quantity transmission or tracing modes are face-to-face local quantity transmission or tracing modes by using physical standards. In the quantity transmission or tracing method, no matter the unit to be transmitted or traced sends the meter to be checked to the upper-level metering verification/calibration mechanism for verification/calibration (for short, inspection), or the unit to be transmitted or traced asks the technical personnel of the upper-level metering verification/calibration mechanism to go to the site to verify/calibrate the meter to be checked (for short, factory leaving), if the labor productivity is considered, most quantity transmission or tracing processes belong to single-piece pure manual production, and many inconvenient factors exist in the factory leaving by inspection or contact engineers, so that the quantity transmission or tracing method has the following problems:

1) the whole quantity transmission or tracing process is almost purely manually operated, so that the labor cost is high, the preparation and operation time is too long, the efficiency is low, the timeliness is low, the quantity transmission or tracing process of a certain measuring instrument is completed for three or five days if the quantity transmission or tracing process is less, more for ten days if the quantity transmission or tracing process is more, even for one or two months, and the requirements of real-time and high efficiency of the automatic, intelligent or intelligent production in the modern society are not adapted.

2) The measurement devices need to be manually transported no matter the measurement devices are requested to be sent to the factory by engineers or manually sent for inspection, which not only takes time and labor, but also causes damage to the measurement devices due to manual disassembly, transportation and road transportation.

3) In the conventional measurement and transmission method, a measurement reference instrument is transmitted to each stage of measurement standard instrument step by step until a working measurement instrument, measurement data of each transmission link cannot be fed back in time, and timeliness, accuracy and reliability of data transmission in a user laboratory cannot be guaranteed.

4) The verification/calibration result of the inspection metering instrument is measured under the specific environmental condition of a standard laboratory of an upper-level metering technical organization, and is often greatly different from the actual environmental condition of the client site.

5) Currently, most meters have a fixed verification period or calibration time interval. While some of the samples are out of tolerance and some are good and still acceptable during the fixed verification period or calibration time interval. If the out-of-tolerance metering device is not removed, the metering device is still transferred downwards, so that great harm is caused; the measuring instruments with good performance and without out-of-tolerance are checked (calibrated) again, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted. Therefore, government requirements are: rather, manpower and material resources are sacrificed, and the measuring instrument is also ensured to be sent to be checked according to a fixed checking period or a calibration time interval so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement value; it is also required for those critical meters to check (run inspection) the program during an additional increase in the field of the inspected (calibrated) meter during a verification cycle or calibration interval of the meter. The period check (operation check) procedure, although much simpler to operate than a regular verification or calibration procedure because it only assesses the stability of the meter, is basically difficult to persist for long periods due to field personnel costs and technical issues.

6) The comparison "blind sample" as the "transfer standard" or CNAS "capability verification plan" of the MAPS is a "material measure" or a material measure "with stable measurement value and convenient carrying or transportation, and has a large application limitation, and can only be used under local or specific conditions, and when the comparison" blind sample "of the" transfer standard "or CNAS" capability verification plan "of the MAPS is performed, the upper and lower metering technical mechanism workers are required to repeatedly measure and transport the metering device participating in the volume transmission or tracing for 2 or more times, which is time-consuming, and the method is used for the management department or the upper metering technical mechanism to verify (or check) the capability of the related (same level or lower level) metering technical mechanism, but is not suitable for the periodic volume transmission or tracing of a large-scale metering device, especially a working metering device.

The third volume transmission or tracing mode of volume transmission or tracing by using the broadcast standard signal, although the metering instrument does not need to be carried manually, the transportation cost is saved, and the preparation time of inspection is shortened, the volume transmission or tracing mode at present:

1) the method is only suitable for the time-frequency signal transmission (such as 'GPS satellite common-view method remote time-frequency transmission', 'femtosecond laser frequency comb time-frequency remote calibration') which does not need to be transmitted or traced by a material measure and has no great influence on the accuracy of the signal transmission path, or the wireless remote measurement transmission or tracing of the television standard format ratio signal, and other metering fields are difficult to popularize and apply.

2) The existing volume transmission or tracing process is low in automation degree, and a plurality of operation processes such as signal capture, debugging and stabilization are almost purely manual operation, which is labor-consuming, labor-consuming and time-consuming.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a measuring instrument quantity transmission/tracing method and a measuring instrument management system which are convenient for carrying out quantity transmission/tracing.

The embodiment of the invention provides a measuring instrument quantity transmission/tracing method, which comprises the following steps:

the measuring instrument management system is connected with the measuring instrument through a network;

remotely controlling the measuring instrument to perform measurement transmission/tracing through the measuring instrument management system;

and recording the quantity transmission/tracing result of the metering appliance in the metering appliance management system.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the method for quantity transmission/traceability of a measuring instrument further comprises the following steps: and the measuring instrument management system generates a certificate of inspection or a report of the measuring instrument according to the quantity transmission/source tracing result of the measuring instrument.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the metering appliance has an internal high-level metering standard and a local quantity transmission/tracing component, and the metering appliance management system controls the metering appliance to perform quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component by using the internal high-level metering standard; or the measuring instrument is provided with a remote communication component and a local quantity transmission/tracing component, the measuring instrument management system controls the measuring instrument to acquire a remote high-level measuring standard from the outside of the measuring instrument through the remote communication component, and the remote high-level measuring standard is used for carrying out quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the measurement instrument management system starts a quantity transmission/tracing program matched with the measurement instrument according to the characteristics of the measurement instrument, and performs quantity transmission/tracing on the measurement instrument.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, when the volume transmission/traceability deadline interval of the measurement instrument reaches a preset deadline, the measurement instrument management system automatically controls the measurement instrument to perform volume transmission/traceability; or when the metering parameters of the metering appliance reach preset values, the metering appliance management system automatically controls the metering appliance to carry out quantity transmission/tracing.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the measurement instrument has a central processing unit and a storage unit, the storage unit stores therein a volume transmission/traceability program, and the measurement instrument management system controls the central processing unit to execute the volume transmission/traceability program.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the meter management system adjusts the quantity transmission/tracing frequency of the meter according to the stability and/or error magnitude of the metering result of the meter.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the measurement instrument management system controls the measurement instrument to automatically perform a measurement transmission/tracing operation; or the measuring instrument management system automatically sends the quantity transmission/source tracing operation prompt to the measuring instrument, and further sends the quantity transmission/source tracing operation prompt to the measuring instrument according to the operation result of the measuring instrument until the quantity transmission/source tracing operation is completed.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a measurement instrument management system, which includes:

the connection module is used for carrying out network connection with the metering appliance;

the quantity transmission/tracing control module is used for remotely controlling the measuring instrument to perform quantity transmission/tracing;

and the storage module is used for recording the quantity transmission/tracing result of the measuring instrument.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the meter management system further includes a certificate/report generation module, configured to generate a certificate of check or a report of the meter according to the volume transmission/tracing result of the meter.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the quantity transmission/traceability control module starts a quantity transmission/traceability program matched with the measuring instrument according to the characteristics of the measuring instrument, and performs quantity transmission/traceability on the measuring instrument.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the quantity transmission/traceability control module adjusts the quantity transmission/traceability frequency of the measuring instrument according to the stability and/or the error magnitude of the measuring result of the measuring instrument.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the meter management system further includes an encoding module;

the encoding module is used for generating a dynamic code for the metering appliance, and the dynamic code at least comprises the following encoding fields: the current geographic position of the measuring instrument and the measuring instrument quantity transmission/tracing information; and/or

The coding module is used for automatically generating a permanent code for the metering appliance.

As a further improvement of the above embodiment, the measuring instrument management system further includes a measuring instrument tracking module for recording the geographical location information of the measuring instrument.

The measuring instrument quantity transmitting/tracing method and the measuring instrument management system provided by the embodiment of the invention can remotely transmit/trace the measuring instrument through the network without requiring technical personnel of a higher-level measuring mechanism to go to the place where the measuring instrument is located for quantity transmitting/tracing and without conveying the measuring instrument to the higher-level measuring mechanism for quantity transmitting/tracing, so that the quantity transmitting/tracing is simpler and more convenient, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings, and the drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale in actual dimensions, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2a to 2c are schematic connection diagrams of the volume transmission/tracing switching unit in fig. 1 in different volume transmission/tracing modes.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring instrument according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4a to 4d are schematic connection diagrams of the volume transmission/tracing standard switching element in fig. 3 under different volume transmission/tracing modes.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a metering appliance management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of connection between the measuring instrument management system and the measuring instrument in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of an expert system of the measuring instrument management system of fig. 5.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element and be integral therewith, or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "one end," "the other end," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a measurement apparatus, which includes a local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, a remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3, a remote communication component 4 and a central processing component 1, where the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 and the remote communication component 4 are connected to the central processing component 1, a measurement level of the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is higher than or equal to that of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, when the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a source component, the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is a table component, when the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a table component, the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is a source component, and the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 provides an internal high-level measurement standard or a remote high-level measurement standard for the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, and carrying out remote quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 by using the built-in high-level metering standard or the remote high-level metering standard. The meter can be a thermometer, a voltmeter, an ammeter, a high performance liquid chromatograph, a photoelectric detector, a standard capacitor box, a digital multi-purpose meter calibrator, an electric energy meter calibrating device, a harmonic power standard, standard ultrasound and the like. The source component is characterized by a standard source, serves as an output component and provides input quantity for other measuring instruments/components, and can be a gauge block, a weight, a standard pH solution, a standard voltage signal generating circuit, a standard signal generating software module and the like; the meter member is a member having the characteristics of a standard meter, and has an input member for detecting an input amount supplied from a source member of the meter or another meter, and the meter member may be a caliper, a sensor, a pressure gauge, a voltage detection circuit, or the like.

It should be noted that, when the metering level of the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is higher than that of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, after the quantity transmission/tracing is performed on the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, the indication error of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 can be reduced by correcting the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2. When the metering level of the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is equal to that of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, after the measurement transmission/tracing is performed on the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, if the indication error of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is larger than the initial state, the indication error of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 can be reduced by correcting the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2. The metering level of the referred built-in high-level metering standard and the remote high-level metering standard can be higher than or equal to that of the local volume transmission/tracing component 2. The metering level may be higher than or equal to that of the local volume transmission/tracing component 2, which means that the stability of metering is better than or equal to that of the local volume transmission/tracing component 2.

The local traffic/tracing element 2 may comprise an output element and/or an input element. The output component belongs to a standard source type measuring instrument or a part thereof, and the range from a material measuring instrument with single function (such as a measuring block, a weight, a national standard substance and the like) to a signal generator with adjustable signal amplitude, frequency and modulation format belongs to the standard source or output component, and comprises a digital-to-analog conversion module, a signal generation/synthesis/modulation module, a power amplification module, an output conversion and matching module and the like, wherein the simple degree or the complexity degree of the output conversion and matching module is different in different measuring instruments. Single function material gauges belong to the special case of standard sources or output components. The input component belongs to a standard meter type measuring instrument or a part thereof, and represents different simple or complex degrees in different measuring instruments from a measuring meter with single function (such as an indicating meter, a pointer pressure gauge, a universal caliper and the like) to a measuring receiver with a measuring range, a frequency bandwidth, a modulation format and amplitude and the like. The input component or standard meter generally includes an input conversion/demodulation and matching module, a measuring module (including various measuring sensors), a sampling/holding module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, and the like. The single-function measuring meter belongs to a special case of a standard meter or an input component.

The four types of measuring instruments such as a plurality of measuring instruments, sensors, measuring tools, standard substances and the like are equivalent to output parts of standard sources and direct output standard parameters, such as measuring blocks, weights, standard viscosity liquid, a sound calibrator, a luminous intensity standard lamp, a medical standard radioactive source, a standard signal generator, standard time-frequency signals transmitted by a radio station, various attenuators or sensor output ends and the like; or an input part which is equivalent to a standard meter and directly measures the measured parameters of the input port, such as an indicating meter, a pointer pressure gauge, a glass liquid thermometer, a rotary viscometer or an outflow cup viscometer, the input ends of various attenuators or sensors, and the like; or both standard source type output components and standard meter type input components, such as certain standard signal generators, various attenuators or sensors, and the like.

When the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is used as an output component, the local quantity transmission/tracing component can be directly connected with an input port of external equipment or other measuring instruments, and directly outputs corresponding quantity values to the external equipment or other measuring instruments; when the local quantity transmitting/tracing component 2 is used as an input component, it can be directly connected with an output port of an external device or other metering apparatus, and directly measure the corresponding quantity value input to the input port of the external device or other metering apparatus.

The measuring device can also comprise a man-machine conversation part 5, and the measuring device can be operated according to the intention of people through man-machine conversation. In addition to remote control and remote control, in the field of the measuring instrument to be detected (calibrated), people input information to be input into a standard or measuring instrument to be detected (calibrated) through input tools such as a keyboard, a mouse, buttons, software and hardware switches, external analog or digital parameters and the like; the standard or checked (calibrated) measuring instrument outputs information to people through output tools such as various displays (such as an LED/LCD digital/dot matrix display), a voice prompter, an acousto-optic prompting alarm and the like or externally outputs analog or digital parameters and other forms, so that people can perceive the reaction, volume transmission, traceability data and the like of the measuring instrument.

The central processing unit 1 may include a central processing unit such as a CPU or MPU, or a host system configured with the CPU or MPU as a core, and include hardware or software. After the meter is provided with the central processing part 1, people can freely control the metering device by programming so as to enable the metering device to operate according to the will of people. The central processing unit 1 may control the local volume transmission/tracing unit 2, the remote volume transmission/tracing unit 3, the remote communication unit 4, etc. through the internal protocol. Internal protocols generally refer to all protocols that enable mutual communication or linking within the same meter or within the same system, including: a human-machine interaction protocol, a software/hardware (interface) protocol, a chip-Bus (C-Bus) protocol, an internal-Bus (I-Bus) protocol, etc. With the development of integrated circuit technology, some external Bus (E-Bus) protocols also belong to internal protocols after the external Bus (E-Bus) is integrated into a chip.

The remote communication unit 4 has various types and structures, such as a WiFi module, a 3G module, a 4G module, a 5G module, etc., which provides remote communication or remote control functions by using a resource network linked to the network 12. The link network 12 broadly refers to a general or private network such as a social public, an intranet, a home, or the like. The link network 12 may be a wired network, a wireless network, a satellite network, or a combination of two or three of the three. The network interfaces and protocols included in the remote communication unit 4 may be: satellite network interfaces and protocols, wireless network interfaces and protocols, wired network interfaces and protocols, and the like. The satellite network interface and protocol comprises a satellite positioning interface and protocol, a satellite communication interface and protocol and the like; the wireless network interface and protocol comprises a wireless positioning interface and protocol, a wireless communication interface and protocol and the like; the wired network interface and protocol comprises a wired positioning interface and protocol, a wired communication interface and protocol and the like. Common satellite positioning interfaces and protocols, or GNSS, include, but are not limited to: the GPS protocol, the Beidou protocol, the GLONASS protocol, the Galileo protocol and the like, and the NMEA-0183 standard protocol and the like are relatively common; common wireless location interfaces and protocols include, but are not limited to: LBS (base station location) or MPS (mobile location), road along-road marker post numbering location, etc.; common wired location interfaces and protocols include, but are not limited to, IP address location and protocols. Common satellite communication interfaces and protocols include, but are not limited to: CCS-IoT, SNB-IoT, SOC, MOZIQC, and the like; common wireless communication interfaces and protocols include, but are not limited to: IoT, NB-IoT, WLAN, GPRS, SMS, etc.; common wired communication interfaces and protocols include, but are not limited to: ADSL, LAN, FTTX + LAN, 100BaseT LAN, LXI-A/B/C, etc.

The main function of the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is to provide high-level metering standards for the remote quantity transmission or tracing of the metering appliance, including built-in high-level metering standards and remote high-level metering standards. When the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a source component (output component), the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is a meter component (input component), and when the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a meter component (input component), the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is a source component (output component), that is, the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 and the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 are input and output with each other. The remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is required to be configured as an input or output port corresponding to the output or input port of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, if the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 meets the standard table condition and the output or input port thereof is in an input mode, the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 correspondingly becomes a standard source meeting the standard source condition and having a stability superior to or equal to that of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, and the input or output port thereof is correspondingly in an output mode; in contrast, if the local volume transmitting/tracing component 2 meets the standard source condition and the output or input port thereof is in the output mode, the remote volume transmitting/tracing component 3 accordingly becomes the standard table meeting the standard table condition and having a stability better than or equal to that of the local volume transmitting/tracing component 2, and the input or output port thereof will be in the input mode accordingly.

The remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 provides the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 with an internal high-level measurement standard or a remote high-level measurement standard, and the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is remotely transmitted/traced by using the internal high-level measurement standard or the remote high-level measurement standard. The accuracy or stability of the built-in high-level metering standard or the remote high-level metering standard is better than that of the local quantity transmission/tracing part 2.

When the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a table component meeting the standard table conditions, the built-in high-level measurement standard can be configured into a material measurement instrument or equivalent substances thereof, wherein the value stability of the material measurement instrument is superior to that of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, and the material measurement instrument or measurement instrument group of the built-in high-level standard source or the built-in high-level standard measurement instrument or measurement instrument group is used for measuring or tracing the most basic measurement parameters of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2. For example, the built-in standard allocated to the length measuring instrument is a gauge block or equivalent substance with the output standard length value as the most main or basic technical parameter, the built-in standard allocated to the digital voltmeter is a standard voltage source or equivalent substance with the output voltage value as the most main or basic technical parameter, and the like.

When the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a source component meeting the standard source conditions, the built-in high-level metering standard can be configured into a built-in high-level standard table or a built-in high-level standard measuring instrument or an equivalent module (circuit) thereof, and the like, wherein the indicating value stability of the built-in high-level metering standard is superior to that of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, and the built-in high-level standard table or the built-in high-level standard measuring instrument is used for measuring the most basic measuring parameters of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2. For example, the built-in standard provided to the signal generator for outputting a voltage is a high-grade standard voltmeter or an equivalent circuit thereof for measuring a voltage value, and the built-in standard provided to the crystal oscillator for outputting a frequency signal is a high-grade universal counter or a frequency meter for measuring a frequency value.

A material measure is a gauge having an assigned value that reproduces or provides one or more values in a fixed form during use. The material measure can be divided into single-value measures (such as weights, gauge blocks, standard resistors, standard batteries and the like), multi-value measures (such as graduated linear scales, standard signal generators and the like), and grouped measures (such as weight groups, gauge block groups and the like) according to the reproduction thereof or the provision of given known quantitative values; the measuring tool can be divided into an independent measuring tool (such as a ruler) and a dependent measuring tool (such as a weight) according to the working mode, wherein any measuring tool which can independently measure without the help of other measuring instruments is called as the independent measuring tool, and is called as the dependent measuring tool in the opposite direction. If the measuring instrument is a length measuring instrument and the most basic measuring parameter of the length measuring instrument is length, a metal or ceramic gauge block or gauge block group which is used for measuring or tracing the most basic length measuring parameter of the length measuring instrument and has better stability than the length measuring indication value of the length measuring instrument is arranged in the remote measuring/tracing part 3. By analogy, a dynamometer is matched with a force value weight or a weight group, a digital thermometer is matched with a pen type pocket constant temperature barrel, a pH meter is matched with standard pH liquid and a small or pocket container, a digital multimeter is matched with a high-stability standard voltage source/current source/standard resistor, a frequency meter is matched with a high-stability crystal oscillator, and the like. The standard voltage source is a high-grade standard signal source, a single weight and a single gauge block are standard measuring tools, and a plurality of weights and gauge blocks are standard measuring tool sets.

Equivalent materials of other similar material gauges with material gauge indication stability characteristics can be used in place of the above material gauges, such as certain length devices with indication stability equivalent to or better than gauge blocks, certain mass devices with indication stability equivalent to or better than weights, certain containers with indication stability equivalent to or better than standard metal or glass gauges, and the like. Other material measure simulation materials, simulation devices or simulation modules (circuits) which have the characteristic of the stability of the indication value of the material measure and can simulate the corresponding function or effect of the material measure can also be used for replacing the material measure, such as certain standard resistor simulation equivalent modules (circuits) with equivalent or better indication value stability than standard resistors, certain force measurement sensor force value simulation equivalent modules (circuits) with equivalent or better indication value stability than standard force value weights, certain thermocouples with equivalent or better indication value stability than standard thermocouples or platinum resistors, or platinum resistance simulation equivalent modules (circuits) and the like.

The remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 can use the built-in high-level measurement standard to perform quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, and can also obtain the remote high-level measurement standard through the remote communication component 4, and use the remote high-level measurement standard to perform remote quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2. Specifically, when the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a table component, the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 connects the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 with the remote high-level standard signal source through the remote communication component 4 and the link network 12, receives and measures the standard signal transmitted by the remote high-level standard signal source, and realizes the remote quantity transmission or tracing of the measuring instrument; when the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a source component, the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 outputs measured signal data, the measured signal data is connected with an external remote high-level standard table through the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3, the remote communication component 4 and the link network 12, and then the remote high-level standard table receives and measures the measured signal output by the measuring instrument, so that the remote quantity transmission or tracing of the measuring instrument is realized. In some embodiments, obtaining the remote high-level metering criteria through the remote communication component 4 may be downloading the remote high-level metering criteria, which have been converted into the associated software program module, through the remote communication component 4. In other embodiments, for parameters that cannot be directly propagated by telecommunication, such as length, weight, etc., these parameters may be converted into remotely propagated parameters, such as into time-frequency signals propagated by radio, and then the remote communication part 4 receives the remote high-level standard that has been converted into time-frequency signals. The local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 should match with the form expressed by the remote high-level standard, and can perform quantity transmission/tracing according to the remote high-level standard.

In a preferred embodiment, the measurement apparatus further includes a volume transmission/tracing switching unit 6, and the volume transmission/tracing switching unit 6 is connected to the local volume transmission/tracing unit 2, the remote volume transmission/tracing unit 3, and the central processing unit 1, and is configured to connect the local volume transmission/tracing unit 2 and the remote volume transmission/tracing unit 3 or disconnect the local volume transmission/tracing unit 2 and the remote volume transmission/tracing unit 3. In a further preferred embodiment, the metering apparatus further comprises a first external connection interface 7, and the quantity transmission/traceability switching unit 6 is used for connecting the external metering device 200 connected with the first external connection interface 7 with the local quantity transmission/traceability unit 2 or the remote quantity transmission/traceability unit 3. In other preferred embodiments, the first external connection interface 7 is directly connected to the local volume transmission/tracing component 2, and the volume transmission/tracing switching component 6 cannot control the connection or disconnection between the first external connection interface 7 and the local volume transmission/tracing component 2, but only controls the connection or disconnection between the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 and the remote volume transmission/tracing component 3. The first external connection interface 7 is matched with the local source transmission/tracing component 2, and may be a signal input and/or output interface, for example, a USB interface, a network connection interface, a video/audio signal output plug, a standard source installation platform, and the like.

Referring to fig. 2a, 2b and 2c, the quantity transmission/tracing switching unit 6 is provided with a first selection switch 61 and a second selection switch 62, and each of the first selection switch 61 and the second selection switch 62 can be an "alternative" switch, which is respectively acted by A, B two control signals. The common end a of the first selection switch 61 is connected with the remote quantity transmission/traceability part 3, the common end f of the second selection switch 62 is connected with the local quantity transmission/traceability part 2, the end c of the first selection switch 61 and the end e of the second selection switch 62 are both connected with the first external connection interface 7, and the end b of the first selection switch 61 and the end d of the second selection switch 62 are connected.

In the local volume transmission/tracing mode, referring to fig. 2a, the end a of the first selection switch 61 is connected to the end b through A, B two control signals, and the end f of the second selection switch 62 is connected to the end e, so that the remote volume transmission/tracing unit 3 is disconnected from the local volume transmission/tracing unit 2, the local volume transmission/tracing unit 2 is connected to the first external connection interface 7, and external volume transmission/tracing is performed through the first external connection interface 7, which is also a normal operation mode of the measuring instrument. When the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 is a source type component, it outputs a signal to the external metering device 200 connected to the first external connection interface 7, and when the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 is a meter type component, it measures a relevant signal input by the external metering device connected to the first external connection interface 7.

In the remote quantity transmission/tracing mode, referring to fig. 2b, the end a of the first selection switch 61 is connected to the end b through A, B two control signals, and the end f of the second selection switch 62 is connected to the end d, so that the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 is connected to the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is disconnected from the first external connection interface 7, and the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 performs remote quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2.

In the intermediate volume transmission/tracing mode, the measuring instrument transmits/traces the volume of the external measuring equipment connected with the first external connection interface 7. When the remote quantity transmission/tracing unit 3 of the measuring instrument and the external measuring device 200 to be detected are both source devices or both meter devices (that is, the types of the two devices are the same), the central processing unit 1 changes the first selection switch 61 and the second selection switch 62 into the connection mode shown in fig. 2a through A, B two control signals, that is, the connection mode is the same as that in the normal operation mode of the measuring instrument, at this time, the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2 performs quantity transmission/tracing on the external measuring device 200 to be detected connected with the first external connection interface 7, that is, the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2 performs quantity transmission/tracing as the high-level measuring standard of the external measuring device 200 to be detected. In another case, when the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2 of the measuring instrument and the external measuring device to be measured are both source devices or both meter devices (that is, the types of the two devices are the same), the central processing unit 1 makes the first selection switch 61 and the second selection switch 62 be the connection mode shown in fig. 2c through two control signals A, B, the a terminal of the first selection switch 61 is connected with the c terminal, the f terminal of the second selection switch 62 is connected with the d terminal, so that the remote quantity transmission/tracing unit 3 is connected with the first external connection interface 7, and the external measuring device connected with the first external connection interface 7 can perform quantity transmission/tracing through the remote quantity transmission/tracing unit 3.

Referring to fig. 3, in a preferred embodiment, the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 includes an internal high-level measurement standard component 32 and a quantity transmission/tracing standard switching component 31, and the quantity transmission/tracing standard switching component 31 is connected to the internal high-level measurement standard component 32, so that the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 performs quantity transmission/tracing through the internal high-level measurement standard component 32 or performs remote quantity transmission/tracing by obtaining a remote high-level measurement standard through the remote communication component 4. When the remote communication unit 4 transmits analog signals, the mass transfer/traceability standard switch module 31 can be connected to the remote communication unit 4. When the remote communication unit 4 transmits digital signals, the source/sink standard switching module 31 only needs to be connected to the central processing unit 1. The representation of the built-in high-level metering standard component 32 can be a material measure, a circuit, a chip, a software program module and the like. In some embodiments, the volume transmission/traceability standard switching component 31 may be connected to the volume transmission/traceability switching component 6, and in other embodiments, the volume transmission/traceability standard switching component 31 may be directly connected to the local volume transmission/traceability component 2 without the volume transmission/traceability switching component 6 being disposed in the measurement apparatus. The built-in high-level metering standard component 32 and the volume transmission/traceability standard switching component 31 can also be connected with the central processing component 1, and the central processing component 1 controls the internal components of the remote volume transmission/traceability component 3, such as the built-in high-level metering standard component 32 and the volume transmission/traceability standard switching component 31, through the internal protocol. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, a remote quantity transmission/tracing processing component (not shown) may be further disposed in the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3, and the remote quantity transmission/tracing processing component may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a Micro Control Unit (MCU), and is used as a central processing unit inside the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3, and is connected to the central processing component 1 on one hand, and is connected to internal components of the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3, such as the high-level measurement standard component 32 and the quantity transmission/tracing standard switching component 31, on the other hand, and controls the internal components, such as the high-level measurement standard component 32 and the quantity transmission/tracing standard switching component 31, through an internal protocol, so as to reduce the data processing quantity of the central processing component 1.

When the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a table-type component, the built-in high-level measurement standard component 32 may be configured as a material measure such as a built-in high-level standard source or a built-in high-level standard measure or a measure group, or an equivalent substance (group) thereof, which has a value stability superior to or equal to that of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 and is used for quantity transmission or tracing of the most basic measurement parameters of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2. For example, the built-in high-level measuring standard component 32 allocated to the length measuring instrument is a gauge block or an equivalent substance thereof with the output standard length value as the most main or basic technical parameter, the built-in high-level measuring standard component 32 allocated to the digital voltmeter is a standard voltage source or an equivalent substance thereof with the output voltage value as the most main or basic technical parameter, and the like.

When the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 is a source component, the built-in high-level measurement standard component 32 may be configured as a built-in high-level standard table or a built-in high-level standard measuring instrument or an equivalent module (circuit) thereof, etc., which is used for quantity transmission or tracing of the most basic measurement parameters of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2, and whose indication stability is superior to or equal to that of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2. For example, the built-in high-level measurement standard module 32 provided for the signal generator for outputting the voltage is a high-level standard voltmeter or an equivalent circuit thereof for measuring the voltage value, and the built-in high-level measurement standard module 32 provided for the crystal oscillator for outputting the frequency signal is a high-level general counter or a frequency meter for measuring the frequency value.

In the preferred embodiment, the built-in high-level metric module 32 provides at least the local source/sink device 2 with high-level metrics corresponding to the "zero" value, "full-scale" value and "medium" value of its measurement range. In order to better assess the linearity and stability of the measuring apparatus, the number of the measuring points of the built-in high-level measuring standard component 32 as the output signal of the standard signal source is generally not less than three, or the number of the standard measuring tools required to be equipped as the standard measuring tool group is generally not less than three, and the value range of the measuring points generally comprises a zero value, a full-scale value, a middle value and the like corresponding to the measuring range of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 until the requirements of the national metrological verification regulations or calibration specifications on the number of the measuring points of the corresponding measuring apparatus are finally met.

Referring to fig. 4a to 4d, the mass transfer/traceability standard switching module 31 may include a third selection switch 311 and a fourth selection switch 312, where the third selection switch 311 and the fourth selection switch 312 may be "alternative" switches, and the central processing unit 1 may control the third selection switch 311 and the fourth selection switch 312 to function through C, D two control signals, respectively. In some preferred embodiments, the common terminal h of the third selection switch 311 is connected to the built-in high-level metering standard module 32, the common terminal k of the fourth selection switch 312 is connected to the quantity transmission/tracing switching unit 6, and the terminal g of the third selection switch 311 is connected to the terminal j of the fourth selection switch 312. The j-terminal of the fourth selection switch 312 is also connected to the remote communication section 4. In other preferred embodiments, the metering device is not provided with the volume transmission/traceability switching component 6, the volume transmission/traceability standard switching component 31 is directly connected to the local volume transmission/traceability component 2, and at this time, the common terminal k of the fourth selection switch 312 is directly connected to the local volume transmission/traceability component 2.

In the remote volume transmission/tracing mode, the volume transmission/tracing standard switching component 31 may select the internal high-level metering standard component 32 to perform volume transmission/tracing on the local volume transmission/tracing component 2. Referring to fig. 4b, the central processing unit 1 connects the h terminal of the third selection switch 311 to the i terminal and connects the k terminal of the fourth selection switch 312 to the m terminal through C, D two control signals, so that the local quantity transmission/traceability unit 2 is connected to the internal high-level metering standard module 32 through the quantity transmission/traceability switching unit 6 and the quantity transmission/traceability standard switching module 31 and is disconnected from the remote communication unit 4, and the remote quantity transmission/traceability unit 3 transmits/traces the quantity to the local quantity transmission/traceability unit 2 through the internal high-level metering standard module 32. In the remote volume transmission/tracing mode, the volume transmission/tracing standard switching module 31 may also select the remote communication component 4 to perform volume transmission/tracing on the local volume transmission/tracing component 2. Referring to fig. 4a, the central processing unit 1 connects the h terminal of the third selector switch 311 to the i terminal and connects the k terminal of the fourth selector switch 312 to the j terminal through C, D two control signals, so that the local quantity transmission/traceability unit 2 is connected to the remote communication unit 4 through the quantity transmission/traceability switching unit 6 and the quantity transmission/traceability standard switching module 31 and disconnected from the internal high-level measurement standard unit 32, the remote quantity transmission/traceability unit 3 is connected to the remote device through the remote communication unit 4 and the link network 12 to obtain a remote high-level measurement standard, and the local quantity transmission/traceability unit 2 is remotely transmitted/traceable by using the remote high-level measurement standard.

In other preferred embodiments, the mass transfer/traceability standard switch module 31 can also select the remote communication component 4 to perform mass transfer/traceability on the internal high-level metering standard module 32. Referring to fig. 4d, the central processing unit 1 connects the h terminal of the third selection switch 311 to the g terminal and connects the k terminal of the fourth selection switch 312 to the m terminal through C, D two control signals, so that the internal high-level metering standard component 32 is connected to the remote communication unit 4 through the quantity transmission/tracing standard switching component 31, the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2 is disconnected from the internal high-level metering standard component 32 and the remote communication unit 4, the remote quantity transmission/tracing unit 3 is connected to the remote device through the remote communication unit 4 and the link network 12 to obtain the remote high-level metering standard, and the remote high-level metering standard is used to perform remote quantity transmission/tracing on the internal high-level metering standard component 32.

In the above-mentioned intermediary quantity transmission/tracing mode, when the central processing unit 1 performs quantity transmission/tracing on the external metering device 200 connected to the first external connection interface 7 by using the remote quantity transmission/tracing unit 3, the central processing unit 1 may select the internal high-level metering standard component 32 to perform quantity transmission/tracing on the external metering device 200 as needed, at this time, the connection state of the quantity transmission/tracing standard switching component 31 is as shown in 4b, the range communication unit 4 and the link network 12 may be selected to be connected to the remote device, a remote high-level metering standard is obtained, the remote high-level metering standard is used to perform remote quantity transmission/tracing on the external metering device 200 connected to the first external connection interface 7, and at this time, the connection state of the quantity transmission/tracing standard switching component 31 is as shown in 4 a.

In a preferred embodiment, a second external connection interface 36 is disposed in the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3, and the second external connection interface 36 is connected to the quantity transmission/tracing standard switching component 31, and is matched with the internal high-level metering standard component 32, and may be an input and/or output interface, for connecting the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 with the external metering device 200. Referring to fig. 4c, in some preferred embodiments, when the external measurement device 200 is connected to the second external connection interface 36, and the external measurement device 200 and the internal high-level measurement standard module 32 are "source device/component" and "meter device/component", i.e. one of the two devices is a meter and the other is a source, the central processing unit 1 can connect the h terminal and the i terminal of the third selection switch 311 and the k terminal and the j terminal of the fourth selection switch 312 through C, D two control signals, so that the internal high-level measurement standard module 32 is connected to the second external connection interface 36 and performs measurement/tracing with the external measurement device 200 connected to the second external connection interface 36. When the measurement level of the external measurement device 200 is higher than that of the internal high-level measurement standard assembly 32, the external measurement device 200 is used as a high-level measurement standard to perform quantity transmission/traceability of the internal high-level measurement standard assembly 32 through the external measurement device 200, otherwise, when the measurement level of the internal high-level measurement standard assembly 32 is higher than that of the external measurement device 200, the internal high-level measurement standard assembly 32 is used as a high-level measurement standard to perform quantity transmission/traceability of the external measurement device 200 through the internal high-level measurement standard assembly 32.

Referring to fig. 3, in a preferred embodiment, the remote quantity transmission/tracing component 3 further includes a mounting component 33 and a detecting component 34, the built-in high-level metering standard component 32 is detachably connected to the mounting component 33, and the detecting component 34 is connected to the mounting component 33, and is configured to detect whether the built-in high-level metering standard component 32 is connected to the mounting component 33, and send a detection result to the central processing component 1. Because the built-in high-grade measuring standard component 32 is detachably connected with the mounting component 33, the material measure or equivalent substances, analog substances/modules/circuits or standard meters, measuring instruments and the like can be taken out of the measuring instrument and used as a 'transmission standard' or a 'comparison blind sample' for processing such as inspection, transmission calibration, comparison, calibration, adjustment, replacement and the like. To facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the high-level metrology standard 32 in the machine, the mounting assembly 33 may have positioning, fixing means, clamps or even mounting and dismounting drive devices, for example, the mounting assembly 33 may be a chip socket, a weight mounting and driving device, etc. The detection component 34 can timely and accurately detect or sense whether the installed internal high-level metering standard component 32 is installed on the installation component 33, and even can detect the type of the installed internal high-level metering standard component 32, whether the use state of the used internal high-level metering standard component 32 is good and effective, and the like, generate a corresponding signal and send the signal to the central processing unit 1. Under the guidance of the human-computer conversation part 5, the use instruction or the proper position of the measuring instrument body, and the like, the disassembly is not needed, the main assembling and disassembling operation can be basically and easily finished by the measuring instrument body, automatically or under the assistance of manpower, and the local measurement or tracing can be easily realized by adopting direct measurement or comparative measurement.

In other embodiments, the built-in high-level metrological standard 32 does not need to be taken out of the remote data transmission/tracing unit 3, and the built-in high-level metrological standard 32 can be fixed inside the metrological instrument in at least two modes: firstly, commercial products are positioned and fixed at a proper position in the measuring instrument for a long time by using a fixing clamp and are prohibited from being detached privately, for example, a ceramic measuring block or an equivalent thereof is positioned and fixed in the length measuring instrument, and secondly, a functional module or a circuit of the built-in high-grade measuring standard component 32 is designed into the whole measuring instrument as a part of the measuring instrument, for example, a high-grade standard resistor, a capacitor, an inductor or an equivalent circuit thereof is designed into an LCR digital bridge to be used as a built-in high-grade measuring standard of internal calibration and self-inspection. At this time, the built-in high-grade measuring standard unit 32 and the measuring instrument are integrated into a whole and cannot be taken out of the measuring instrument.

In a preferred embodiment, the remote volume transmission/tracing component 3 further includes a storage component 35, and the volume transmission/tracing standard switching component 31 is connected to the storage component 35. The storage component 35 can be a storage device such as RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, FLASH, magnetic disk, optical disk, and the like. The storage component 35 is used for storing at least one of the following data: the internal high-level metering standard component 32 is data which is subjected to volume transmission/tracing, the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 is data which is subjected to volume transmission/tracing through the remote volume transmission/tracing component 3, and the external metering equipment 200 is data which is subjected to volume transmission/tracing through the remote volume transmission/tracing component 3. The data of the internal high-level metering standard component 32 subjected to quantity transmission/tracing includes data of remote quantity transmission/tracing of the internal high-level metering standard component 32 through the remote communication component 4, data of local quantity transmission/tracing of the internal high-level metering standard component 32 which is taken as a "transmission standard" and is finished by external transmission check (calibration)/comparison and the like, data of quantity transmission/tracing of the internal high-level metering standard component 32 through the external metering device 200 connected through the second external connection interface 36, and the like. The data which is volume-transmitted/traced by the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 through the remote volume transmission/tracing component 3 includes data which is volume-transmitted/traced to the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 through the built-in high-level metering standard component 32, data which is volume-transmitted/traced to the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 through the remote communication component 4, and the like. The data which is volume-transmitted/traced by the external metering device 200 through the remote volume-transmitting/tracing component 3 includes data which is volume-transmitted/traced to the external metering device 200 through the built-in high-level metering standard component 32, data which is volume-transmitted/traced to the external metering device 200 through the remote communication component 4, and the like. The storage component 35 may also store volume transmission/tracing data when the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 works normally, data for volume transmission/tracing of the external metering device 200 by the local volume transmission/tracing component 2, and the like. These volume transmission/traceability data may include volume transmission or traceability data/results, local or remote categories, volume transmission or traceability categories/times, volume transmission or traceability unit names and locations, high-level standard source or table identifiers, etc., over a valid certification period or calibration time interval. These data are typically retained for 5 years or more.

In a preferred embodiment, the metering apparatus further comprises a positioning component (not shown) and/or a local communication component 8 and/or an internal storage component 9 and/or a self-test/verification component 11, etc., i.e. the metering apparatus comprises one or more of the positioning component, the local communication component 8, the internal storage component 9 and the self-test/verification component 11. The positioning component, the local communication component 8, the internal storage component 9 and the self-checking/verifying component 11 are all connected with the central processing component 1, and the central processing component 1 controls the positioning component, the local communication component 8, the internal storage component 9 and the self-checking/verifying component 11 through an internal protocol.

The positioning component is used for positioning the measuring instrument and transmitting a positioning signal through the remote communication component 4 and the link network 12. In some embodiments, the positioning component may be integrated into the same chip as the remote communication component 4. Positioning components currently mainly comprise two main categories: the mobile communication base station positioning module and the GNSS positioning module have the following main functions: firstly, the geographical position of the measuring sensor installed in the measuring appliance is determined, and secondly, information service related to the position is provided. The base station location includes lbs (location based service) location or MPS (Mobile location Services), which is convenient and low in cost, and the location of the measuring instrument or device can be determined by calculating the signal difference of the signals from the three base stations, without being affected by weather, high-rise buildings, indoor locations, etc., but the location cannot be accurately determined at the location without the base station, so the base station location has a blind area. The GNSS positioning is GlobalNavigation Satellite System positioning, the existing positioning System comprises a GPS, a Beidou, GLONASS, Galileo and the like, the positioning is accurate without blind areas, positioning information is easy to be adopted by other systems, but the GNSS positioning accuracy is easy to be influenced by factors such as weather, signal shielding degree and indoor position. GNSS positioning and LBS positioning (or MPS positioning) may be compatible and complementary to each other.

The internal storage unit 9 may be a storage device such as RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, FLASH, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The internal storage component 9 can store parameters, algorithms and the like which need to be modified and corrected after the process of the measuring instrument such as verification, self-calibration, self-inspection, verification, calibration and the like, so that subsequent programs can be called at any time conveniently, and can also store measuring data generated when the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 works normally, data for carrying out quantity transmission/tracing on the external measuring equipment 200 by the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 and the like.

The local communication means 8 is for local short-range communication with the meter, and differs from the remote communication means 4 primarily in that signal transmission with other local external meter devices 200 is possible without the need for a link network 12. The local communication unit 8 may be an external communication interface and protocol unit provided for the measurement instrument and the external measurement device 200 to be checked (calibrated) to perform external communication via a link bus, or may be a unit that performs communication using IR (infrared) or short-range wireless communication technology.

The link Bus generally includes, but is not limited to, three types of buses, i.e., Chip Bus (C-Bus or Chip Bus), Internal Bus (I-Bus or Internal Bus), External Bus (E-Bus or External Bus), and the like. Wherein: the chip bus is also called a component level bus, and is an information transmission path for linking various chips together to form a specific function module (such as a CPU module) and execute an internal (communication) protocol; the internal Bus, also called System Bus or board Bus, is an information transmission path (e.g., a transmission path between a CPU module and a memory module or an I/O interface module) between each plug-in (module) in the measuring instrument System, and is generally suitable for linking two or more chips or modules in a product; the external bus is also called communication bus, is an information transmission path between the measuring instrument systems or between the measuring instrument systems and the sensor, other instruments with microcomputer systems, a measuring control device and the like, and is generally suitable for the link between two or more products with close site distance. The bus generally includes three different functional buses: data bus DB (data bus), address bus AB (address bus), control bus CB (control bus). The link bus of the local communication section 8 referred to herein is generally referred to as an external bus.

As the integrated circuit technology advances, the degree of integration of integrated circuit chips has become higher and higher, and the distinction between the chip Bus and the internal Bus, even the external Bus, has become more and more blurred and difficult to distinguish, and in general, SPI, IIC Bus, etc. are called chip Bus, FSB, HT, QPI, IIC, SPI, SCI Bus, etc. are called internal Bus, VESA, DB/CB/AB, IBM PC, ISA, EISA, PCI, IIC, MCA, STD, VME, PC/104, CompactPCI, PCI-E, etc. are called system Bus, RS-232C/422A/423A/485, GPIB or IEEE-488, M-Bus, VXI-A/B/C/D or IEEE-1155, SPI, PXI/PCI, SCSI, 1394, Centronics, USB, IEEE-1394B, CAN, etc. are called external Bus. Also, buses such as FF, Lonworks, Profibus, CAN, HART, etc. for solving communication between field sensors, instruments, devices or between field instruments, devices and advanced background management systems are collectively called Fieldbus (Fieldbus), etc.

The link bus provides only a channel for data or information transmission, and for reliable transmission, the link bus needs to configure corresponding bus protocols or standards for different buses, such as (Modbus, 100BaseT, USB2.0) and other bus protocols. Common bus interfaces and protocols include GPIB (IEEE488, etc.) interface and protocol, COM interface (RS-232/RS-485, etc.) and protocol, USB interface (USB2.0, etc.) and protocol, etc.

The self-checking and verifying component 11 is used for correcting/monitoring the running condition of the metering device in real time so as to ensure that the metering device runs normally and the indication value is accurate and reliable. The simple or key parameter calibration and automatic completion of the metering device according to the program or flow set by the manufacturer are called self-calibration, and the routine normality check of each key functional component is called self-checking when the metering device is powered on and started according to the set program or flow. The machine is internally provided with a feedback function circuit and a program, and the process of informing an operator of the actual measurement result and the feedback information at any time through an acousto-optic or display circuit or the program is called monitoring, and the process of compensating or correcting the monitored object according to the monitoring data or the result to ensure that the monitored object is normal is called monitoring. The processes of self-checking, verifying, self-correcting, monitoring and the like comprise hardware, software, process programs and the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring apparatus further includes an environmental parameter detecting component 10, the environmental parameter detecting component 10 is connected to the central processing component 1, and the central processing component 1 is configured to adjust an output result of the local quantity transmission/tracing component 2 according to a detection result of the environmental parameter detecting component 10, for example, perform temperature compensation and the like. The environmental parameter detection part 10 samples parameters or factors of which the indicating values of the measuring instruments are greatly influenced by environmental conditions, and the sampled data are processed by the central processing part 1 or the data are processed by the central processing part so as to eliminate the influence of the environmental factors on the indicating values of the measuring instruments. Different types of measuring instruments are provided with different types of environment parameter detection components 10, for example, the indication value of a length type measuring instrument is greatly influenced by temperature, so that a temperature sampler or a sensor is arranged; the indicating value of the weighing apparatus is greatly influenced by the environmental vibration, so a vibration sampler or a sensor is arranged; the indication value of the electromagnetic metering device is greatly influenced by environmental electromagnetic interference, so an environmental electromagnetic interference sampler or a sensor is configured; since the halogen leak detector must eliminate the influence of environmental noise, the halogen leak detector must be equipped with a sampler or a sensor for detecting leakage of halogen gas, and a sampler or a sensor for detecting halogen gas remaining in the environment.

The measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the invention can carry out quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component through the built-in high-level measuring standard, can also obtain the remote high-level measuring standard through the remote communication component, and carries out quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component by utilizing the remote high-level measuring standard, so that the quantity transmission/tracing of the measuring instrument becomes very convenient and simple.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, an embodiment of the invention further provides a measurement instrument management system 800, which includes:

a connection module 81 for network connection with the measuring instrument 100;

the quantity transmission/tracing control module 82 is used for remotely controlling the measuring instrument 100 to perform quantity transmission/tracing;

and the storage module 83 is used for recording the quantity transmission/tracing result of the measuring instrument 100.

The meter instrument management system 800 may be a software system installed on a computer, for example, in a computer of a meter technical organization. Of course, in some embodiments, the meter management system 800 may also include subsystems for installation within computers in the meter development/production/sales/use department for directing and managing enterprise development/production/sales/use of meters, and subsystems for installation in government meter administration departments for supervisory management of meters within the jurisdiction. The connection module 81 may be a module in a software system for accessing the measurement instrument 100 into the measurement instrument management system 800, and may be a module for entering information (including an IP address and the like) of the measurement instrument 100 into the measurement instrument management system 800 to enable the measurement instrument management system 800 to connect with the measurement instrument 100, for example. The storage module 83 may be embodied as a database for recording the volume transmission/source tracing result on a software level, and may be embodied as a storage device of a computer, such as a hard disk or a cloud server, on a hardware level.

The mass transfer/traceability control module 82 is used to remotely control the metrology tool 100 for mass transfer/traceability. In some embodiments, the measurement instrument management system 800 controls the measurement instrument 100 to automatically perform the quantity transmission/tracing operation, for example, sending a control instruction to the measurement instrument 100, enabling the measurement instrument 100 to run a self-contained quantity transmission/tracing program, perform the quantity transmission/tracing, and feed back the quantity transmission/tracing result to the measurement instrument management system 800; or the measurement instrument 100 itself does not have the self-contained quantity transmission/tracing program, the measurement instrument management system 800 has the quantity transmission/tracing program matched with the measurement instrument 100, the measurement instrument management system 800 starts the quantity transmission/tracing program to perform the quantity transmission/tracing on the measurement instrument 100, and records the quantity transmission/tracing result of the measurement instrument 100. In other embodiments, the measurement instrument 100 cannot perform the measurement/tracing operation fully automatically, but depends on the operator of the measurement instrument 100 to perform the auxiliary operation, in this case, the measurement instrument management system 800 may automatically send an operation prompt of the measurement instrument 100 for the measurement/tracing operation, the operator performs the operation according to the operation prompt, the measurement instrument management system 800 obtains each operation result of the measurement instrument 100 (for example, whether the operation of the current step is completed), and further sends an operation prompt of the measurement/tracing operation to the measurement instrument 100 according to the operation result of the measurement instrument 100, so that the measurement/tracing operation is performed step by step with the assistance of the operator until the measurement/tracing operation is completed, and the measurement instrument 100 measurement/tracing result is recorded.

The network connection referred to herein may be a wireless network connection or a wired network connection, and specifically, the meter management system 800 may be connected to the meter 100 via the link network 12. The remote control is used to control the measuring instrument 100 through a network, and does not limit the distance between the measuring instrument management system 800 and the actual geographical location of the measuring instrument 100.

In a preferred embodiment, the meter appliance management system 800 further includes a certificate/report generation module 84 for generating a certificate of authenticity or report for the meter appliance 100 based on the volume transfer/tracing results of the meter appliance 100. After the measured (calibrated) measuring instrument 100 is subjected to volume transmission or traceability, the measuring instrument management system 800 analyzes and processes data obtained by volume transmission/traceability, and can generate a current volume transmission or traceability result on line according to an error limit or a qualified criterion of the corresponding measuring instrument 100, a current error calculation result and the like: if the measurement or tracing result is qualified or meets the technical requirement, the certificate/report template of the related metering appliance 100 can be called immediately to generate the certificate/report corresponding to the checked (calibrated) metering appliance 100; and issuing a result notice that the volume transmission or source tracing result is unqualified or does not meet the technical requirement, immediately starting an abnormal event pre (alarm) program, reducing the time and the like, limiting the use or discarding the time and the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the mass transfer/traceability control module 82 initiates a mass transfer/traceability process with the metrology tool 100 based on the characteristics of the metrology tool 100 to perform the mass transfer/traceability of the metrology tool 100. Since the meter management system 800 can manage many different types of meters 100, the volume transmission/traceability method of different types of meters 100 is different. Therefore, the quantity transmission/tracing control module 82 may obtain some characteristics of the measuring instrument 100, such as the name, model, technical parameters, manufacturer and serial number of the measuring instrument, and even environmental conditions, service life and the like of the measuring instrument 100, and then select a quantity transmission/tracing program matching with the characteristics according to the characteristics, execute the quantity transmission/tracing program, and perform quantity transmission/tracing on the measuring instrument 100.

In a preferred embodiment, the metrology/traceability control module 82 adjusts the metrology/traceability frequency of the metrology tool 100 based on the stability of the metrology results and/or the error magnitude of the metrology tool 100. The measurement and tracing of the measurement instrument 100 managed in the measurement and instrument management system 800 may not set a fixed verification period or a calibration time interval any more, but the measurement and instrument management system 800 constantly monitors the measurement data of the measurement instrument 100, and analyzes the measurement data through the expert system 85 based on artificial intelligence or artificial neural network characteristics such as big data, deep learning, genetic/genetic algorithm, soft computing, and the like, and the measurement instrument 100 which has no problem, displays a stable indication value of a long-term operation result, and does not have an out-of-tolerance prediction or has a small out-of-tolerance probability may delay the measurement and trace to the source; the operation result shows that the indication value is not stable, and the measurement device 100 with the prediction result possibly out of tolerance or higher out of tolerance probability increases the mass transfer or source tracing frequency; when the quantity transmission or tracing stability of some measuring instruments 100 cannot be guaranteed even if the frequency is increased, the measuring instrument management system 800 prompts timely abandonment and replacement, and gives an immediate replacement warning; the measuring instruments 100 found to be bad or have an out-of-tolerance indication in the process of self-checking, self-calibration, prediction, evaluation, testing, calibration and the like or tracing are all prompted by the measuring instrument management system 800 in time and warn that the replacement is required in time. Therefore, the measuring instrument management system 800 not only technically ensures that a large amount of time, manpower and material resources for transmitting or tracing the measuring instrument 100 are saved, but also ensures that all the measuring instruments 100 in use (on-line) are qualified or qualified, and has no risk of 'operation with diseases'.

In a preferred embodiment, the meter instrument management system 800 further includes an encoding module 86; the encoding module 86 is configured to generate a dynamic encoding for the metrology tool 100, where the dynamic encoding includes at least the following encoding fields: the current geographic position of the measuring instrument and the measuring instrument quantity transmission/tracing information; and/or, the encoding module 86 is configured to automatically generate a permanent code for the metrology tool 100. In the actual operation process, the metering apparatus 100 may have a permanent code and a dynamic code, the permanent code does not change during the entire life cycle of the metering apparatus 100, the dynamic code may change dynamically with the use and position change of the metering apparatus 100, and by setting a certain rule, the permanent code and the dynamic code of each metering apparatus 100 may be unique, that is, there is no code conflict with other metering apparatuses 100. The permanent code may be marked in a suitable position such as in an internal memory chip of the measuring instrument, a case (outer package, outer surface), or the like, or in a measuring instrument profile or file before the measuring instrument 100 is shipped from the factory, or may be generated for the measuring instrument 100 by the measuring instrument management system 800 when the measuring instrument 100 is first connected to the measuring instrument management system 800. In this embodiment, the dynamic encoding includes at least the following encoding fields: the current geographical position of the measuring instrument and the quantity transmission/tracing information of the measuring instrument are included in the dynamic code, and when the current geographical position of the measuring instrument 100 changes or the measuring instrument 100 conducts excessive transmission/tracing, the dynamic code correspondingly changes. The measurement and source tracing information of the measuring instrument can be latest measurement and source tracing time information and the like. The initial code of the dynamic code may be marked in an appropriate position such as a memory chip inside the measuring instrument, a case (outer package, outer surface), or the like, or in a measuring instrument profile or file before the measuring instrument 100 is shipped, or may be generated for the measuring instrument 100 by the measuring instrument management system 800 when the measuring instrument 100 is first connected to the measuring instrument management system 800. In other embodiments, the dynamic code may further include fields such as the name of the developer/producer, the geographic location of the developer/producer, a domain name code for the specific area of the metering device, the date or time of manufacture of the metering device, etc. The dynamic code may be recorded in an internal memory chip of the gauge 100.

In a preferred embodiment, the meter instrument management system 800 further comprises a meter instrument tracking module 87, the meter instrument tracking module 87 being configured to record geographic location information of the meter instrument 100. In some embodiments, the metrology tool 100 is provided with a positioning device (e.g., GNSS positioning circuitry and positioning protocol, GPS positioning module, etc.), and the metrology tool management system 800 may obtain geographic location information of the metrology tool 100. In other embodiments, the metrological appliance 100 may be manually entered into metrological appliance management system 800, or metrological appliance management system 800 may obtain geolocation information of metrological appliance 100 by obtaining dynamic codes or network IP addresses or the like of metrological appliance 100. By recording the geographical position information of the measurement instrument 100, the measurement instrument management system 800 can acquire the real-time tracking and positioning of the measurement instrument 100, can assist in the current state analysis and maintenance of the measurement instrument, and can output the distribution of the measurement instrument coverage area and trend analysis.

In some preferred embodiments, the measurement instrument 100 has an internal high-level measurement standard and the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2, and the measurement instrument management system 800 controls the measurement instrument 100 to perform quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2 by using the internal high-level measurement standard. In other preferred embodiments, the measurement instrument 100 has a remote communication unit 4 and a local measurement/tracing unit 2, and the measurement instrument management system 800 controls the measurement instrument 100 to obtain the remote high-level measurement standard from outside the measurement instrument 100 through the remote communication unit 4, and to perform measurement/tracing on the local measurement/tracing unit 2 using the remote high-level measurement standard. The method for carrying out the volume transmission/tracing on the local volume transmission/tracing component 2 by the built-in high-level measurement standard or the remote high-level measurement standard has been described in the above embodiments of the measuring instrument, and is not described herein again.

In a preferred embodiment, the metrology instrument management system 800 also includes an expert system 85. The expert system 85 is an artificial intelligence computer program or a group of artificial intelligence computer programs which can solve complex problems in a specific field by applying a large amount of expert knowledge and reasoning methods, and belongs to a development branch of artificial intelligence. The objective of the expert system 85 is to simulate the reasoning process of human experts. Generally, the knowledge and experience of domain experts are stored in a computer by using a knowledge expression mode, and the system carries out reasoning on the input facts to make judgment and decision.

The expert system 85 consists of the following components: the system comprises a man-machine interface, a knowledge acquisition mechanism, an inference machine, an interpreter, a knowledge base and a management system thereof, a database and a management system thereof and the like, wherein most of basic structures comprise the knowledge base, the database and the inference machine. The details are as follows:

a human-computer interface: the expert system is an interface for communicating with users, is connected with a knowledge acquisition mechanism, an inference engine and an interpreter, and generally consists of a keyboard, a display and other input/output equipment. Through the man-machine interface, the user inputs information such as corresponding knowledge, necessary data, parameters and the like into the system, answers related questions proposed by the system, and the system outputs reasoning results, related explanations and the like to the user.

Knowledge acquisition mechanism: the connection with the man-machine interface and the knowledge base is the key for judging whether the expert system knowledge base is superior or not, and the content in the knowledge base can be expanded and modified through knowledge acquisition, and the automatic learning function can also be realized. Knowledge acquisition, which is responsible for building, modifying, and expanding the knowledge base, is an important mechanism in the expert system to transform the expertise of problem solving from the mind of human experts or other knowledge sources into the knowledge base. Knowledge acquisition may be manual, or may employ semi-automatic or automatic knowledge acquisition methods.

The inference machine: connected with a man-machine interface, a knowledge base and a database, is a core execution mechanism for implementing problem solving. It performs interpretation of the relevant knowledge in the knowledge base and records the results into the appropriate space of the dynamic base. The inference can be in both forward and reverse. The forward reasoning is from condition (front piece) matching to conclusion (back piece), and the reverse reasoning is to assume a conclusion is true before the condition is satisfied. The inference engine and the knowledge base are separated from each other and complement each other: the program of the inference engine is irrelevant to the concrete knowledge content of the knowledge base, so that the inference engine program is not required to be changed for modifying the knowledge base, and the solving programs of different knowledge types are compiled according to the characteristics of the different knowledge types and mutually verified.

An interpreter: and the system is connected with a human-computer interface and a database and is used for explaining the solving process and answering questions of the user. The two most fundamental problems are "Why" and "How". The interpreter lets the user understand what the program is doing and why. In order to answer the question of why a conclusion is reached, the system typically needs to back-track the inference path stored in the dynamic library and translate it into a natural language representation that the user can accept. The interpreter can explain the conclusion and the solving process according to the questions of the user.

A knowledge base: the collection for storing domain knowledge provided by experts and required for solving problems is a core component of the expert system. The problem solving process of the expert system simulates the thinking way of the expert through the knowledge in the knowledge base, so the quality and the quantity of the knowledge in the knowledge base determine the quality level of the expert system. The representation of knowledge can be a variety of forms including frameworks, rules, semantic networks, and the like. Generally, the knowledge base in the expert system is independent of the expert system program, and a user can improve the performance of the expert system by changing and perfecting the knowledge content in the knowledge base. The construction of the knowledge base requires the mutual cooperation of a knowledge engineer and a field expert to arrange the knowledge in the mind of the field expert and store the knowledge in the knowledge base by using a systematic knowledge method. When solving the problem, the user provides the system with some known data and can draw expert level conclusions from the system.

The knowledge of the expert system 85 includes three main categories: general knowledge, basic measurement knowledge in the measurement field, professional knowledge of specific measurement instruments and the like.

The general knowledge comprises a language translator, the past, local, popular and foreign geomantic and humane conditions, life common knowledge, the common thinking habits and thinking formulas, laws and regulations, ethics and morals, artificial intelligence deep learning, mode recognition and modeling, logical reasoning proving, independent thinking and decision, automatic planning and design, genetic (or gene) programming algorithm, neural network, soft computing, complex system and other knowledge. The system knowledge at least reaches the knowledge learned by more than ordinary people of graduates of college science researchers during initial input, the judgment standard of the knowledge learned by the graduates of the college science researchers changes along with the adjustment and change of the corresponding teaching outline, and then the system is deeply learned until the level of super-high experts is improved according to a genetic programming algorithm.

The metering basic knowledge in the metering field refers to the informed meeting knowledge of metering system practitioners, and comprises domestic and foreign metering laws and regulations, a verification system and a verification system table, a volume transmission or traceability algorithm and a volume transmission or traceability block diagram, a mathematical statistics method, a volume change trend analysis and prediction method, an uncertainty evaluation method, an adaptive method and other analysis methods, an artificial intelligence method and other related information such as application and fusion of the artificial intelligence method in the metering field, a qualification criterion or an error limit or an evaluation method, a corresponding comparison method, newspaper and magazine and paper compilation and the like. The system knowledge at least reaches the professional skills of a secondary high-level engineer or more during initial input, the judgment standard of the professional skills of the secondary high-level engineer is updated along with the update of the social skill level, and then the system is deeply learned until the level is improved to the super-high expert level according to a genetic programming algorithm.

The professional knowledge of the specific measuring instrument is specifically subdivided into the professional knowledge related to a specific measuring instrument, and comprises a basic principle related to the measuring instrument, a metrological verification rule or calibration standard which is obtained from years at home and abroad and a propagative material thereof, and the metrological verification rule or calibration standard is updated to a latest effective version (an old version is reserved for reference and a new version is used as an operation basis) in time, a specific verification system table of the measuring instrument is formed according to a general verification system table, a specific volume transmission or tracing block diagram of the measuring instrument and a specific uncertainty evaluation report are formed according to a general volume transmission or tracing algorithm, specific qualification criteria or error limits or comparative evaluation methods, other related information such as journal paper compilation related to a specific measuring instrument, original record formats or templates, certificate report formats or templates, data or parameters (automatic) modification/alteration/prediction/diagnosis/setting/design/planning operation criteria, and the like. The system knowledge at least reaches the professional skill of the subsidiary high-level engineer or more during initial input, the judgment standard of the professional skill of the subsidiary high-level engineer is updated along with the update of the social skill level, and then the system is deeply learned according to the genetic programming algorithm until the system knowledge is improved to the super-high expert level.

Although the expression form of knowledge in artificial intelligence includes production formula, framework, semantic network, etc., the knowledge that is commonly used in the expert system 85 is a production formula rule. Production rules appear as IF … THEN …, as are conditional statements in programming languages such as BASIC, where IF is followed by a condition (antecedent) AND THEN is followed by a conclusion (postent), where the condition AND conclusion can be combined by logical operations AND, OR, AND NOT. If the preconditions are satisfied, a corresponding action or conclusion is generated.

A database: the system is specially used for storing all information generated in the system operation process and required original data, including information input by a user, records of inference processes, intermediate results, final conclusions and the like. Databases, also known as dynamic libraries or working memories, are collections that reflect the state of the current problem solution. The state composed of various facts, propositions and relations in the database is not only the basis for the inference engine to select knowledge, but also the source for the interpreter to obtain the inference path. Such as technical parameters, environmental conditions, original records, certificates or reports of (high-level) standard instruments and inspected (calibrated) objects required by the quantity transmission or traceability of a specific measuring instrument.

The work that the expert system 85 ultimately needs to perform includes planning, designing, monitoring, diagnosing, interpreting, quantity-passing or tracing, forecasting, deciding, teaching, etc. the entire process of quantity-passing or tracing of the measuring instrument 100.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a measuring instrument quantity transmission/tracing method, which comprises the following steps:

connecting a measuring instrument management system 800 to the measuring instrument 100 via a network;

the measuring instrument 100 is remotely controlled by the measuring instrument management system 800 to perform measurement and tracing;

the measurement and tracing result of the measurement instrument 100 is recorded in the measurement instrument management system 800.

In a preferred embodiment, the meter volume transmission/tracing method further comprises the following steps: a certificate of authenticity or report for the metrology appliance 100 is generated from the metrology/traceability results of the metrology appliance 100.

In some preferred embodiments, the measurement instrument 100 has an internal high-level measurement standard and the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2, and the measurement instrument management system 800 controls the measurement instrument 100 to perform quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2 by using the internal high-level measurement standard. In other preferred embodiments, the measurement instrument 100 has a remote communication unit 4 and a local measurement/tracing unit 2, and the measurement instrument management system 800 controls the measurement instrument 100 to obtain the remote high-level measurement standard from outside the measurement instrument 100 through the remote communication unit 4, and to perform measurement/tracing on the local measurement/tracing unit 2 using the remote high-level measurement standard.

In a preferred embodiment, the mass transfer/traceability control module 82 initiates a mass transfer/traceability process with the metrology tool 100 based on the characteristics of the metrology tool 100 to perform the mass transfer/traceability of the metrology tool 100.

In a preferred embodiment, the metrology tool management system 800 adjusts the metrology transmission/traceability frequency of the metrology tool 100 based on the metrology result stability and/or error magnitude of the metrology tool 100.

In a preferred embodiment, meter appliance management system 800 controls meter appliance 100 to automatically perform a volume transmission/traceability operation; or the measurement instrument management system 800 automatically sends the measurement instrument 100 the operation prompt of quantity transmission/tracing, and further sends the operation prompt of quantity transmission/tracing to the measurement instrument 100 according to the operation result of the measurement instrument 100 until the operation of quantity transmission/tracing is completed.

For a specific implementation of the method, reference may be made to the description in the embodiment of the measurement instrument management system 800, and details are not described here.

In some preferred embodiments, the measurement instrument management system 800 automatically controls the measurement instrument 100 to perform the measurement/tracing when the measurement instrument 100 has a measurement/tracing interval that reaches a preset period. Specifically, each measurement instrument 100 may be configured with a measurement/traceability period, and when the usage time of the measurement instrument 100 is up to a preset period (for example, half a year or 1 year) from the factory or the length of the last measurement/traceability time, the measurement instrument management system 800 automatically controls the measurement instrument 100 to perform measurement/traceability. The quantity transmission/tracing may be performed by automatically executing a quantity transmission/tracing program on the measuring instrument 100, or by automatically sending a quantity transmission/tracing operation prompt to the measuring instrument 100 by the measuring instrument management system 800, and the measuring instrument management system 800 obtains each operation result (for example, whether the operation of the current step is completed) of the measuring instrument 100 and further sends the quantity transmission/tracing operation prompt to the measuring instrument 100 according to the operation result of the measuring instrument 100, so that the quantity transmission/tracing operation is performed step by step with the assistance of the operator until the quantity transmission/tracing operation is completed, and the quantity transmission/tracing result of the measuring instrument 100 is recorded.

In other preferred embodiments, the measurement instrument management system 800 automatically controls the measurement instrument 100 to perform measurement/tracing when the measurement parameters (e.g., measurement error, measurement times) of the measurement instrument 100 reach preset values.

In a preferred embodiment, the measurement instrument 100 has a central processing unit 1 and a storage unit (for example, an internal storage unit 9), the storage unit stores a quantity transmission/tracing program therein, and the measurement instrument management system 800 controls the central processing unit 1 to run the quantity transmission/tracing program to perform quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing unit 2. The method of volume transmission/tracing has been described in detail in the above embodiments, and is not described herein again.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A measuring instrument quantity transmission/tracing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The meter volume transmission/tracing method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: and the measuring instrument management system generates a certificate of inspection or a report of the measuring instrument according to the quantity transmission/source tracing result of the measuring instrument.

3. The method for quantity transmission/tracing of the measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the measuring instrument has an internal high-level measuring standard and a local quantity transmission/tracing component, and the measuring instrument management system controls the measuring instrument to perform quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component by using the internal high-level measuring standard; or the measuring instrument is provided with a remote communication component and a local quantity transmission/tracing component, the measuring instrument management system controls the measuring instrument to acquire a remote high-level measuring standard from the outside of the measuring instrument through the remote communication component, and the remote high-level measuring standard is used for carrying out quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component.

4. The method for quantity transmission/tracing of the measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the measuring instrument management system starts a quantity transmission/tracing program matched with the measuring instrument according to the characteristics of the measuring instrument, and carries out quantity transmission/tracing on the measuring instrument.

5. The method for quantity transmission/tracing of the measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein when the quantity transmission/tracing deadline interval of the measuring instrument reaches a preset deadline, the measuring instrument management system automatically controls the measuring instrument to perform quantity transmission/tracing; or

And when the metering parameters of the metering appliance reach preset values, the metering appliance management system automatically controls the metering appliance to carry out quantity transmission/tracing.

6. The method for quantity transmission/tracing of the measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the measuring instrument has a central processing unit and a storage unit, a quantity transmission/tracing program is stored in the storage unit, and the measuring instrument management system controls the central processing unit to execute the quantity transmission/tracing program.

7. The method for quantity transmission/tracing of the measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the measuring instrument management system adjusts the quantity transmission/tracing frequency of the measuring instrument according to the stability and/or the error magnitude of the measuring result of the measuring instrument.

8. The measuring instrument quantity transmission/tracing method according to claim 1, wherein the measuring instrument management system controls the measuring instrument to automatically perform quantity transmission/tracing operation; or the measuring instrument management system automatically sends the quantity transmission/source tracing operation prompt to the measuring instrument, and further sends the quantity transmission/source tracing operation prompt to the measuring instrument according to the operation result of the measuring instrument until the quantity transmission/source tracing operation is completed.

9. A meter management system, comprising:

10. The meter management system of claim 9, further comprising a certificate/report generation module for generating a certificate of verification or report of the meter according to the volume transmission/tracing result of the meter.

11. The measuring instrument management system according to claim 9, wherein the quantity transmission/traceability control module starts a quantity transmission/traceability program matched with the measuring instrument according to the characteristics of the measuring instrument to perform quantity transmission/traceability on the measuring instrument.

12. The measuring instrument management system according to claim 9, wherein the quantity transmission/traceability control module adjusts the quantity transmission/traceability frequency of the measuring instrument according to the stability and/or the error magnitude of the measuring result of the measuring instrument.

13. The metering appliance management system of claim 9 further comprising an encoding module;

14. The meter management system of claim 9, further comprising a meter tracking module for recording geographic location information of the meter.

15. The measuring instrument management system according to claim 9, wherein the measuring instrument has an internal high-level measuring standard and a local quantity transmission/tracing component, and the measuring instrument management system controls the measuring instrument to perform quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component by using the internal high-level measuring standard; or the measuring instrument is provided with a remote communication component and a local quantity transmission/tracing component, the measuring instrument management system controls the measuring instrument to acquire a remote high-level measuring standard from the outside of the measuring instrument through the remote communication component, and the remote high-level measuring standard is used for carrying out quantity transmission/tracing on the local quantity transmission/tracing component.

16. The meter management system according to claim 9, wherein the meter management system controls the meter to automatically perform a volume transmission/tracing operation; or the measuring instrument management system automatically sends the quantity transmission/source tracing operation prompt to the measuring instrument, and further sends the quantity transmission/source tracing operation prompt to the measuring instrument according to the operation result of the measuring instrument until the quantity transmission/source tracing operation is completed.