CN112034257A - 一种井下电阻率的计算方法 - Google Patents

一种井下电阻率的计算方法 Download PDF

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CN112034257A
CN112034257A CN202010950453.6A CN202010950453A CN112034257A CN 112034257 A CN112034257 A CN 112034257A CN 202010950453 A CN202010950453 A CN 202010950453A CN 112034257 A CN112034257 A CN 112034257A
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耿淦
乔颖慧
顾鹏
常春艳
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Schlumberger Oilfield Technologies Shandong Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种井下电阻率的计算方法,其中在随钻电磁波电阻率测井时,根据钻井现场作业条件和所需探测地层深度选择电磁波工作频率,并根据所选择的工作频率进行计算并处理采集的电磁波电阻率测井信号;首先钻井仪器下井前,根据作业需求设置工作频率,400KHz或2MHz,然后根据选择工作频率的不同,采取相对应的电阻率计算方法,再在地面系统处理上传的电阻率值,绘制电阻率曲线;优点为:本发明根据工作需求设置工作频率,扩大井深探测范围、加深探测深度,更好地识别地层界面,实现地质导向功能,根据实际情况灵活获得电阻率参数,提高石油钻探电阻率测量的准确性。

Description

一种井下电阻率的计算方法
技术领域
本发明涉及石油钻井工程领域,尤其是涉及一种井下电阻率的计算方法。
背景技术
随着测井技术的不断发展,传统的测井技术已不能满足石油钻井工程领域的发展与需求,因此,测量参数多、测量精度高、测量信息真实可靠的随钻测井成为当今石油工业的发展趋势。随钻测井(LWD)是在钻井过程中实时测量井下各种参数,钻进的同时完成地质和岩石等物理参数的测量,并将测量结果实时传送到地面进行处理。随钻测井(LWD),除包括随钻测量(MWD)的测量参数外,还包括电阻率、声速、伽马、中子孔隙度、密度、钻压、扭矩、转速等参数。
随钻电磁波电阻率测量是随钻测井技术的核心之一。不同地层的地质参数不同,高频电磁场的响应也不同,因此,通过检测电磁场的变化可以获取地质参数。随着作业现场深度井项目的增加,为了准确获取电阻率数值,单一工作频率的电磁波电阻率测量已不能满足实际作业需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于为解决现有技术的不足,而提供一种井下电阻率的计算方法。
本发明新的技术方案是:一种井下电阻率的计算方法,根据钻井作业条件和所需探测地层深度选择电磁波工作频率,对井下采集的电磁波电阻率信号进行计算,然后将电阻率值发送到地面系统绘制电阻率曲线,所述的井下电阻率的计算方法包括以下步骤:
1)钻井仪器采用双发双收四线圈系:
钻井仪器内,由两个仪器频率发射器向发射线圈提供400KHz或2MHz频率的交变电流,产生电磁波,其中一部分电磁波穿越地层被远近两个接收线圈获取,再经正弦波信号混频产生输出信号,输出信号供电路处理;因地层介质的影响,近接收线圈和远接收线圈会产生不同的幅度和相位感应电动势,相位差反应电磁波的传播时间,幅度衰减反应电磁波传播过程中的衰减,由此获得地层电阻率;
2)钻井仪器采用双频工作模式:
双频工作模式的信号组合为400KHz和2MHz,2MHz作为浅发射线圈的工作频率;400KHz作为深发射线圈的工作频率;仪器下井前,根据作业条件和探测地层深度要求设置工作频率;
3)
Figure 301736DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
4)当工作频率选择400KHz时,将线圈近似为磁偶极子,介质中电磁场的电场强度满足非齐次Helmholtz微分方程:
Figure 741944DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
5)当工作频率选择2MHz时,磁场表达式写成Sommerfeld积分形式:
Figure 890160DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
6)地面系统接收到电阻率数值后进行数值转换处理,转换后的值用于地面上位机软件绘制电阻率曲线,可绘制4条电阻率曲线;幅度衰减
Figure 415819DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
和相位差
Figure 42104DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
转换算法如下:
Figure 212185DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
本发明的有益效果为:本发明根据工作需求设置工作频率,扩大井深探测范围、加深探测深度,更好地识别地层界面,实现地质导向功能,根据实际情况灵活获得电阻率参数,提高石油钻探电阻率测量的准确性。
附图说明
图1为数据处理流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
一种井下电阻率的计算方法,根据钻井作业条件和所需探测地层深度选择电磁波工作频率,对井下采集的电磁波电阻率信号进行计算,然后将电阻率值发送到地面系统绘制电阻率曲线,
所述的井下电阻率的计算方法包括以下步骤:
1)钻井仪器采用双发双收四线圈系:
钻井仪器内,由两个仪器频率发射器向发射线圈提供400KHz或2MHz频率的交变电流,产生电磁波,其中一部分电磁波穿越地层被远近两个接收线圈获取,再经正弦波信号混频产生输出信号,输出信号供电路处理;因地层介质的影响,近接收线圈和远接收线圈会产生不同的幅度和相位感应电动势,相位差反应电磁波的传播时间,幅度衰减反应电磁波传播过程中的衰减,由此获得地层电阻率;
2)钻井仪器采用双频工作模式:
双频工作模式的信号组合为400KHz和2MHz,2MHz作为浅发射线圈的工作频率;400KHz作为深发射线圈的工作频率;仪器下井前,根据作业条件和探测地层深度要求设置工作频率;
3)
Figure 780570DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
4)当工作频率选择400KHz时,将线圈近似为磁偶极子,介质中电磁场的电场强度满足非齐次Helmholtz微分方程:
Figure 278678DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
5)当工作频率选择2MHz时,磁场表达式写成Sommerfeld积分形式:
Figure 223501DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
6)地面系统接收到电阻率数值后进行数值转换处理,转换后的值用于地面上位机软件绘制电阻率曲线,可绘制4条电阻率曲线;幅度衰减
Figure 389034DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
和相位差
Figure 128320DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
转换算法如下:
Figure 379304DEST_PATH_IMAGE006

Claims (1)

1.一种井下电阻率的计算方法,根据钻井作业条件和所需探测地层深度选择电磁波工作频率,对井下采集的电磁波电阻率信号进行计算,然后将电阻率值发送到地面系统绘制电阻率曲线,其特征在于:
所述的井下电阻率的计算方法包括以下步骤:
1)钻井仪器采用双发双收四线圈系:
钻井仪器内,由两个仪器频率发射器向发射线圈提供400KHz或2MHz频率的交变电流,产生电磁波,其中一部分电磁波穿越地层被远近两个接收线圈获取,再经正弦波信号混频产生输出信号,输出信号供电路处理;因地层介质的影响,近接收线圈和远接收线圈会产生不同的幅度和相位感应电动势,相位差反应电磁波的传播时间,幅度衰减反应电磁波传播过程中的衰减,由此获得地层电阻率;
2)钻井仪器采用双频工作模式:
双频工作模式的信号组合为400KHz和2MHz,2MHz作为浅发射线圈的工作频率;400KHz作为深发射线圈的工作频率;仪器下井前,根据作业条件和探测地层深度要求设置工作频率;
3)
Figure 340573DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
4)当工作频率选择400KHz时,将线圈近似为磁偶极子,介质中电磁场的电场强度满足非齐次Helmholtz微分方程:
Figure 523292DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
5)当工作频率选择2MHz时,磁场表达式写成Sommerfeld积分形式:
Figure 240712DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
6)地面系统接收到电阻率数值后进行数值转换处理,转换后的值用于地面上位机软件绘制电阻率曲线,可绘制4条电阻率曲线;幅度衰减
Figure 822872DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
和相位差
Figure 840507DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
转换算法如下:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
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CN113359199A (zh) * 2021-07-06 2021-09-07 北京航空航天大学 一种基于聚焦磁场的井周电阻率测量方法
CN113504573A (zh) * 2021-07-06 2021-10-15 北京航空航天大学 一种基于聚焦磁场的井周电阻率测量装置
CN113781599A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-12-10 上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司 绘制钻井电阻率测试成果曲线的方法及系统

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CN113359199A (zh) * 2021-07-06 2021-09-07 北京航空航天大学 一种基于聚焦磁场的井周电阻率测量方法
CN113504573A (zh) * 2021-07-06 2021-10-15 北京航空航天大学 一种基于聚焦磁场的井周电阻率测量装置
CN113359199B (zh) * 2021-07-06 2022-07-08 北京航空航天大学 一种基于聚焦磁场的井周电阻率测量方法
CN113781599A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-12-10 上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司 绘制钻井电阻率测试成果曲线的方法及系统

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