CN112030209B - Multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die casting - Google Patents
Multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN112030209B CN112030209B CN202010422385.6A CN202010422385A CN112030209B CN 112030209 B CN112030209 B CN 112030209B CN 202010422385 A CN202010422385 A CN 202010422385A CN 112030209 B CN112030209 B CN 112030209B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/12—Anodising more than once, e.g. in different baths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/15—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
- B22D43/001—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal
- B22D43/004—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal by using filtering means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/14—Producing integrally coloured layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die castings, which comprises the following steps: s1, preheating a smelting furnace; s2, melting the molten material; s3, spraying granular aluminum alloy flux; s4, filtering the aluminum liquid; s5, vacuum die-casting and forming; s6, highlight soaking treatment; s7, drilling; s8, sand blasting; s9, drawing; s10, milling a C angle; s11, carrying out color oxidation; s12, milling a high-brightness surface; s13, dichroic oxidation. The invention has the following advantages: and the mechanical property and the structural strength of the prepared aluminum die casting are ensured.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of aluminum die casting oxidation, in particular to a multicolor oxidation process for an aluminum die casting.
Background art:
the die casting process principle is that molten metal is pressed into a cavity of a precise metal die at high speed by utilizing high pressure, the molten metal is cooled and solidified under the action of pressure to form a casting, the die casting production efficiency is high, and the die casting with complex shape, accurate size, clear outline, high surface quality, high strength and high hardness can be die cast, so the die casting has wide application and rapid development, and the aluminum die casting has good service performance and process performance, so the die casting develops rapidly, is widely applied in various industrial departments, and occupies an extremely important position in the die casting production.
The production process of the aluminum die casting has the following defects: 1. for an aluminum die casting with a special structure, at present, the aluminum die casting is subjected to die casting, oxidation coloring and then surface treatment such as drilling, chamfering and the like, and a workpiece is subjected to procedures such as deburring, so that the surface quality and the mechanical property of the workpiece are damaged; 2. when the aluminum die casting piece is subjected to die casting again, the die casting liquid can generate separation or vortex, and the phenomenon that the vortex of the die casting liquid covers air is generated, so that more air bubbles are easily generated in the die casting forming process of the die casting liquid, the quantity of the air bubbles is large and irregularly distributed, the surface quality and the mechanical property of the aluminum die casting piece in later-stage coloring oxidation are influenced, the tensile strength can only reach 180MPa at most, and the elongation of the aluminum die casting piece reaches 1.55 percent at most.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die castings, so that the mechanical property and the structural strength of the prepared aluminum die castings are ensured.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die castings, comprising:
s1, preheating the smelting furnace, drying the side wall of the smelting furnace for 24-30 h at 60-80 ℃, and preheating the inner wall of the smelting furnace to 230 ℃;
s2, melting, namely putting aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace for melting, and when discharging, putting a small-volume aluminum material into the melting furnace for bottom filling, and then putting a large-volume aluminum material for melting to form aluminum liquid;
s3, spraying granular aluminum alloy flux, and spraying the aluminum alloy flux on the upper end surface of the aluminum liquid at a constant speed in a reciprocating manner, wherein the granular aluminum alloy flux covers the aluminum liquid surface;
s4, filtering the aluminum liquid, and preheating a filter screen before filtering, wherein the preheating temperature is 60-70 ℃;
s5, carrying out vacuum die-casting molding, namely preheating an upper die and a lower die of a die-casting machine respectively, pouring filtered aluminum liquid into the lower die, and carrying out punch forming under the stamping pressure of 10-30 tons to form a first aluminum die-casting piece;
s6, highlight soaking, namely soaking the first aluminum die casting formed by die casting in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, and then soaking in hot water at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ to form a highlight surface on the surface of the first aluminum die casting and form a second aluminum die casting;
s7, drilling, namely drilling the second aluminum die casting through drilling equipment, and then cleaning and drying to ensure that no burrs exist in the holes;
s8, performing sand blasting, namely performing sand blasting treatment on the outer surface of the second aluminum die casting prepared in the step S7, wherein the mesh number of glass sand is 160-180 meshes, and the spraying pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa;
s9, wire drawing, wherein wire drawing treatment is carried out on the surface of the second aluminum die casting subjected to sand blasting through a wire drawing machine, the rotating speed of the wire drawing machine is 1450 and 1500 turns, the mesh number of abrasive belts is 180 and 200 meshes, soap is coated on the abrasive belts, and the wire drawing direction of the abrasive belts is parallel to that of the second aluminum die casting;
s10, milling a C angle, wherein an angle milling machine is adopted to mill the angle, the C angle is converted into an arc for transition, the side line of the C angle is parallel to the second aluminum die casting, and then surface cutting fluid is cleaned and dried;
s11, oxidizing in one color, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into a coloring bath solution and shaking at a constant speed to ensure that the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, wherein the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 150-160 g/L, the control voltage is 58-60V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 5-10min, and the cycle time from the step S9 of wire drawing to the step S11 of oxidizing in one color is within 48 h;
s12, milling a highlight surface, milling the highlight surface of the second aluminum die casting after the one-color oxidation by adopting a diamond chamfering highlight cutter, cleaning the surface and drying;
s13, performing dichromatic oxidation, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into coloring bath solution for secondary oxidation coloring and shaking at a constant speed, wherein the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 150-160 g/L, the control voltage is 58-60V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 2-6min, and the finished product of the aluminum die casting is obtained, wherein the tensile strength of the aluminum die casting is 258-298MPa, and the elongation is 2.35-2.85%.
The invention is further improved in that: in the one-color oxidation in the step S11 and the two-color oxidation in the step S13, the coloring bath solution is drained after coloring, the second aluminum die casting is transferred to a water bath to be washed with water, if the color is lighter than the required color, the second aluminum die casting is placed in the coloring bath solution again to perform color compensation, and if the color is darker than the required color, the second aluminum die casting is placed in an acid water bath to perform color fading treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the aluminum die casting is firstly pressed and formed, drilling is carried out after highlight treatment, the highlight treatment enables the surface smoothness of the aluminum die casting to be high, the quantity and the volume of burrs are greatly reduced, cleaning is convenient, C angles are milled after sand blasting and wire drawing, then oxidation is carried out, oxidation not only has the function of convenient coloring, but also can rapidly remove a small amount of small burrs generated by milling the C angles, and then highlight surface milling and bicolor oxidation are carried out, so that the aluminum die casting is prepared, the surface quality is high, the structural strength is not influenced, and the surface quality and the structural strength of the aluminum die casting are prevented from being influenced by re-drilling and corner milling deburring after oxidation.
2. The effect of going out the gas pocket is reached in the mode that loops through spraying granule flux, filtering aluminium liquid and vacuum pressing, and granule flux plays and gets rid of the effect of inclusion sediment thing in the aluminium liquid and reducing the displacement, filters aluminium liquid and plays and further gets rid of inclusion sediment thing, reduces the effect of gas pocket, and vacuum pressing makes the hole appearance round and regular, and the distribution is even, further improves the mechanical properties of aluminium die casting.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
for the purpose of enhancing understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
A multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die castings, comprising:
s1, preheating the smelting furnace, drying the side wall of the smelting furnace for 24-30 h at 60-80 ℃, and preheating the inner wall of the smelting furnace to 230 ℃;
s2, melting, namely putting aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace for melting, and when discharging, putting a small-volume aluminum material into the melting furnace for bottom filling, and then putting a large-volume aluminum material for melting to form aluminum liquid;
s3, spraying granular aluminum alloy flux, and spraying the aluminum alloy flux on the upper end surface of the aluminum liquid at a constant speed in a reciprocating manner, wherein the granular aluminum alloy flux covers the aluminum liquid surface;
s4, filtering the aluminum liquid, and preheating a filter screen before filtering, wherein the preheating temperature is 60-70 ℃;
s5, carrying out vacuum die-casting molding, namely preheating an upper die and a lower die of a die-casting machine respectively, pouring filtered aluminum liquid into the lower die, and carrying out punch forming under the stamping pressure of 10-30 tons to form a first aluminum die-casting piece;
s6, highlight soaking, namely soaking the first aluminum die casting formed by die casting in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, and then soaking in hot water at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ to form a highlight surface on the surface of the first aluminum die casting and form a second aluminum die casting;
s7, drilling, namely drilling the second aluminum die casting through drilling equipment, and then cleaning and drying to ensure that no burrs exist in the holes;
s8, performing sand blasting, namely performing sand blasting treatment on the outer surface of the second aluminum die casting prepared in the step S7, wherein the mesh number of glass sand is 160-180 meshes, and the spraying pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa;
s9, wire drawing, wherein wire drawing treatment is carried out on the surface of the second aluminum die casting subjected to sand blasting through a wire drawing machine, the rotating speed of the wire drawing machine is 1450 and 1500 turns, the mesh number of abrasive belts is 180 and 200 meshes, soap is coated on the abrasive belts, and the wire drawing direction of the abrasive belts is parallel to that of the second aluminum die casting;
s10, milling a C angle, wherein an angle milling machine is adopted to mill the angle, the C angle is converted into an arc for transition, the side line of the C angle is parallel to the second aluminum die casting, and then surface cutting fluid is cleaned and dried;
s11, oxidizing in one color, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into a coloring bath solution and shaking at a constant speed to ensure that the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, wherein the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 150-160 g/L, the control voltage is 58-60V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 5-10min, and the cycle time from the step S9 of wire drawing to the step S11 of oxidizing in one color is within 48 h;
s12, milling a highlight surface, milling the highlight surface of the second aluminum die casting after the one-color oxidation by adopting a diamond chamfering highlight cutter, cleaning the surface and drying;
s13, performing dichromatic oxidation, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into coloring bath solution for secondary oxidation coloring and shaking at a constant speed, wherein the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 150-160 g/L, the control voltage is 58-60V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 2-6min, and the finished product of the aluminum die casting is obtained, wherein the tensile strength of the aluminum die casting is 258-298MPa, and the elongation is 2.35-2.85%.
Further, in the one-color oxidation in step S11 and the two-color oxidation in step S13, after coloring, the coloring bath solution is drained, the second aluminum die casting is transferred to a water bath and washed with water, and if the color is lighter than the required color, the second aluminum die casting is placed in the coloring bath solution again for color compensation, and if the color is darker than the required color, the second aluminum die casting is placed in an acid water bath for color fading.
Example 1
A multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die castings, comprising:
s1, preheating a smelting furnace, drying the side wall of the smelting furnace for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and preheating the inner wall of the smelting furnace to 210 ℃;
s2, melting, namely putting aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace for melting, and when discharging, putting a small-volume aluminum material into the melting furnace for bottom filling, and then putting a large-volume aluminum material for melting to form aluminum liquid;
s3, spraying granular aluminum alloy flux, and spraying the aluminum alloy flux on the upper end surface of the aluminum liquid at a constant speed in a reciprocating manner, wherein the granular aluminum alloy flux covers the aluminum liquid surface;
s4, filtering the aluminum liquid, and preheating a filter screen before filtering, wherein the preheating temperature is 60 ℃;
s5, carrying out vacuum die-casting molding, namely preheating an upper die and a lower die of a die-casting machine respectively, pouring filtered aluminum liquid into the lower die, and carrying out punch forming under the stamping pressure of 10 tons to form a first aluminum die-casting piece;
s6, highlight soaking, namely soaking the first aluminum die casting formed by die casting in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, and then soaking in hot water at 80 ℃ to form a highlight surface on the surface of the first aluminum die casting and form a second aluminum die casting;
s7, drilling, namely drilling the second aluminum die casting through drilling equipment, and then cleaning and drying to ensure that no burrs exist in the holes;
s8, performing sand blasting, namely performing sand blasting treatment on the outer surface of the second aluminum die casting prepared in the step S7, wherein the mesh number of glass sand is 160 meshes, and the spraying pressure is 0.4 MPa;
s9, wire drawing, wherein wire drawing treatment is carried out on the surface of the second aluminum die casting subjected to sand blasting through a wire drawing machine, the rotating speed of the wire drawing machine is 1450 revolutions, the mesh number of abrasive belts is 180 meshes, soap is coated on the abrasive belts, and the wire drawing direction of the abrasive belts is parallel to the wire drawing direction of the second aluminum die casting;
s10, milling a C angle, wherein an angle milling machine is adopted to mill the angle, the C angle is converted into an arc for transition, the side line of the C angle is parallel to the second aluminum die casting, and then surface cutting fluid is cleaned and dried;
s11, oxidizing in one color, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into a coloring bath solution and shaking at a constant speed to ensure that the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, wherein the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 150g/L, the control voltage is 58V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 5min, and the cycle time from the step S9 of wire drawing to the step S11 of oxidizing in one color is within 48 h;
s12, milling a highlight surface, milling the highlight surface of the second aluminum die casting after the one-color oxidation by adopting a diamond chamfering highlight cutter, cleaning the surface and drying;
and S13, performing dichromatic oxidation, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into coloring bath solution for secondary oxidation coloring and shaking at a constant speed, wherein the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 150g/L, the control voltage is 58V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 2min, and the finished aluminum die casting is obtained, wherein the tensile strength of the aluminum die casting is 268MPa, and the elongation is 2.43%.
According to the invention, the aluminum die casting is firstly pressed and formed, drilling is carried out after highlight treatment, the highlight treatment enables the surface smoothness of the aluminum die casting to be high, the quantity and the volume of burrs are greatly reduced, cleaning is convenient, C angles are milled after sand blasting and wire drawing, then oxidation is carried out, oxidation not only has the function of convenient coloring, but also can rapidly remove a small amount of small burrs generated by milling the C angles, and then highlight surface milling and bicolor oxidation are carried out, so that the aluminum die casting is prepared, the surface quality is high, the structural strength is not influenced, and the surface quality and the structural strength of the aluminum die casting are prevented from being influenced by re-drilling and corner milling deburring after oxidation.
The effect of going out the gas pocket is reached in the mode that loops through spraying granule flux, filtering aluminium liquid and vacuum pressing, and granule flux plays and gets rid of the effect of inclusion sediment thing in the aluminium liquid and reducing the displacement, filters aluminium liquid and plays and further gets rid of inclusion sediment thing, reduces the effect of gas pocket, and vacuum pressing makes the hole appearance round and regular, and the distribution is even, further improves the mechanical properties of aluminium die casting.
Example 2
A multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die castings, comprising:
s1, preheating a smelting furnace, drying the side wall of the smelting furnace for 26h at 70 ℃, and preheating the inner wall of the smelting furnace to 220 ℃;
s2, melting, namely putting aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace for melting, and when discharging, putting a small-volume aluminum material into the melting furnace for bottom filling, and then putting a large-volume aluminum material for melting to form aluminum liquid;
s3, spraying granular aluminum alloy flux, and spraying the aluminum alloy flux on the upper end surface of the aluminum liquid at a constant speed in a reciprocating manner, wherein the granular aluminum alloy flux covers the aluminum liquid surface;
s4, filtering the aluminum liquid, and preheating a filter screen before filtering, wherein the preheating temperature is 65 ℃;
s5, carrying out vacuum die-casting molding, namely preheating an upper die and a lower die of a die-casting machine respectively, pouring filtered aluminum liquid into the lower die, and carrying out punch forming under the stamping pressure of 20 tons to form a first aluminum die-casting piece;
s6, highlight soaking, namely soaking the first aluminum die casting formed by die casting in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, and then soaking in hot water at 85 ℃ to form a highlight surface on the surface of the first aluminum die casting and form a second aluminum die casting;
s7, drilling, namely drilling the second aluminum die casting through drilling equipment, and then cleaning and drying to ensure that no burrs exist in the holes;
s8, performing sand blasting, namely performing sand blasting treatment on the outer surface of the second aluminum die casting prepared in the step S7, wherein the mesh number of glass sand is 170 meshes, and the spraying pressure is 0.5 MPa;
s9, wire drawing, wherein wire drawing treatment is carried out on the surface of the second aluminum die casting after sand blasting through a wire drawing machine, the rotating speed of the wire drawing machine is 1480 revolutions, the mesh number of abrasive belts is 190 meshes, soap is coated on the abrasive belts, and the wire drawing direction of the abrasive belts is parallel to the wire drawing direction of the second aluminum die casting;
s10, milling a C angle, wherein an angle milling machine is adopted to mill the angle, the C angle is converted into an arc for transition, the side line of the C angle is parallel to the second aluminum die casting, and then surface cutting fluid is cleaned and dried;
s11, oxidizing in one color, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into a coloring bath solution and shaking at a constant speed to ensure that the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, wherein the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 155g/L, the control voltage is 58V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 8min, and the cycle time from the step S9 of wire drawing to the step S11 of oxidizing in one color is within 48 h;
s12, milling a highlight surface, milling the highlight surface of the second aluminum die casting after the one-color oxidation by adopting a diamond chamfering highlight cutter, cleaning the surface and drying;
and S13, performing dichromatic oxidation, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into coloring bath solution for secondary oxidation coloring and shaking at a constant speed, wherein the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 155g/L, the control voltage is 58V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 4min, and the finished aluminum die casting is obtained, wherein the tensile strength of the aluminum die casting is 258MPa, and the elongation is 2.35%.
Example 3
A multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die castings, comprising:
s1, preheating a smelting furnace, drying the side wall of the smelting furnace for 30h at 80 ℃, and preheating the inner wall of the smelting furnace to 230 ℃;
s2, melting, namely putting aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace for melting, and when discharging, putting a small-volume aluminum material into the melting furnace for bottom filling, and then putting a large-volume aluminum material for melting to form aluminum liquid;
s3, spraying granular aluminum alloy flux, and spraying the aluminum alloy flux on the upper end surface of the aluminum liquid at a constant speed in a reciprocating manner, wherein the granular aluminum alloy flux covers the aluminum liquid surface;
s4, filtering the aluminum liquid, and preheating a filter screen before filtering, wherein the preheating temperature is 70 ℃;
s5, carrying out vacuum die-casting molding, namely preheating an upper die and a lower die of a die-casting machine respectively, pouring filtered aluminum liquid into the lower die, and carrying out punch forming under the stamping pressure of 30 tons to form a first aluminum die-casting piece;
s6, highlight soaking, namely soaking the first aluminum die casting formed by die casting in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, and then soaking in hot water at 90 ℃ to form a highlight surface on the surface of the first aluminum die casting and form a second aluminum die casting;
s7, drilling, namely drilling the second aluminum die casting through drilling equipment, and then cleaning and drying to ensure that no burrs exist in the holes;
s8, performing sand blasting, namely performing sand blasting treatment on the outer surface of the second aluminum die casting prepared in the step S7, wherein the mesh number of glass sand is 180 meshes, and the spraying pressure is 0.6 MPa;
s9, wire drawing, wherein wire drawing treatment is carried out on the surface of the second aluminum die casting after sand blasting through a wire drawing machine, the rotating speed of the wire drawing machine is 1500 turns, the mesh number of abrasive belts is 200 meshes, soap is coated on the abrasive belts, and the wire drawing direction of the abrasive belts is parallel to the wire drawing direction of the second aluminum die casting;
s10, milling a C angle, wherein an angle milling machine is adopted to mill the angle, the C angle is converted into an arc for transition, the side line of the C angle is parallel to the second aluminum die casting, and then surface cutting fluid is cleaned and dried;
s11, oxidizing in one color, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into a coloring bath solution and shaking at a constant speed to ensure that the second aluminum die casting is in full contact with the coloring bath solution, wherein the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 160g/L, the control voltage is 60V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 10min, and the cycle time from the step S9 of wire drawing to the step S11 of oxidizing in one color is within 48 h;
s12, milling a highlight surface, milling the highlight surface of the second aluminum die casting after the one-color oxidation by adopting a diamond chamfering highlight cutter, cleaning the surface and drying;
and S13, performing dichromatic oxidation, namely obliquely placing a second aluminum die casting into coloring bath solution for secondary oxidation coloring and shaking at a constant speed, wherein the second aluminum die casting is fully contacted with the coloring bath solution, the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 160g/L, the control voltage is 60V, the peak current density is 1A/d square meter, the coloring time is 6min, and the finished aluminum die casting is obtained, wherein the tensile strength of the aluminum die casting is 298MPa, and the elongation is 2.85%.
Therefore, example 3 is the best example, and realizes good surface quality and high structural strength of the aluminum die casting.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A multicolor oxidation process for aluminum die castings, comprising:
s1, preheating the smelting furnace, drying the side wall of the smelting furnace for 24-30 h at 60-80 ℃, and preheating the inner wall of the smelting furnace to 230 ℃;
s2, melting, namely putting aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace for melting, and when discharging, putting a small-volume aluminum material into the melting furnace for bottom filling, and then putting a large-volume aluminum material for melting to form aluminum liquid;
s3, spraying granular aluminum alloy flux, and spraying the aluminum alloy flux on the upper end surface of the aluminum liquid at a constant speed in a reciprocating manner, wherein the granular aluminum alloy flux covers the aluminum liquid surface;
s4, filtering the aluminum liquid, and preheating a filter screen before filtering, wherein the preheating temperature is 60-70 ℃;
s5, carrying out vacuum die-casting molding, namely preheating an upper die and a lower die of a die-casting machine respectively, pouring filtered aluminum liquid into the lower die, and carrying out punch forming under the stamping pressure of 10-30 tons to form a first aluminum die-casting piece;
s6, highlight soaking, namely soaking the first aluminum die casting formed by die casting in a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, and then soaking in hot water at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ to form a highlight surface on the surface of the first aluminum die casting and form a second aluminum die casting;
s7, drilling, namely drilling the second aluminum die casting through drilling equipment, and then cleaning and drying to ensure that no burrs exist in the holes;
s8, performing sand blasting, namely performing sand blasting treatment on the outer surface of the second aluminum die casting prepared in the step S7, wherein the mesh number of glass sand is 160-180 meshes, and the spraying pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa;
s9, wire drawing, wherein wire drawing treatment is carried out on the surface of the second aluminum die casting subjected to sand blasting through a wire drawing machine, the rotating speed of the wire drawing machine is 1450 and 1500 turns, the mesh number of abrasive belts is 180 and 200 meshes, soap is coated on the abrasive belts, and the wire drawing direction of the abrasive belts is parallel to that of the second aluminum die casting;
s10, milling a C angle, wherein an angle milling machine is adopted to mill the angle, the C angle is converted into an arc for transition, the side line of the C angle is parallel to the second aluminum die casting, and then surface cutting fluid is cleaned and dried;
s11, oxidizing in one color, obliquely placing the second aluminum die casting into the coloring bath solution and shaking at a constant speed to ensure that the second aluminum die casting is fully contacted with the coloring bath solution, wherein the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 150-160 g/L, the control voltage is 58-60V, and the peak current density is 1A/dm2The coloring time is 5-10min, and the cycle time from the drawing start of the step S9 to the color oxidation of the step S11 is within 48 h;
s12, milling a highlight surface, milling the highlight surface of the second aluminum die casting after the one-color oxidation by adopting a diamond chamfering highlight cutter, cleaning the surface and drying;
s13, oxidizing by dichromatic reaction, and obliquely putting secondary oxygen into the second aluminum die castingThe second aluminum die casting is fully contacted with the coloring bath solution, the concentration of the coloring bath solution reaches 150g/L-160g/L, the control voltage is 58V-60V, and the peak current density is 1A/dm2And coloring for 2-6min to obtain the finished product of the aluminum die casting, wherein the tensile strength of the aluminum die casting is 258-298MPa, and the elongation is 2.35-2.85%.
2. The multi-color oxidation process for aluminum die castings according to claim 1, wherein in the one-color oxidation of step S11 and the two-color oxidation of step S13, the coloring bath is drained after coloring, and the second aluminum die casting is transferred to a water bath for washing with water, and if the color is lighter than the desired color, the second aluminum die casting is re-placed in the coloring bath for color compensation, and if the color is darker than the desired color, the second aluminum die casting is placed in an acid water bath for color fading.
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