CN102717032B - Precision casting method for automobile turbocharger casing part - Google Patents
Precision casting method for automobile turbocharger casing part Download PDFInfo
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- CN102717032B CN102717032B CN201210235577.1A CN201210235577A CN102717032B CN 102717032 B CN102717032 B CN 102717032B CN 201210235577 A CN201210235577 A CN 201210235577A CN 102717032 B CN102717032 B CN 102717032B
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precision casting method for an automobile turbocharger casing part. Firstly, a core of a scroll casing part investment pattern is made from dissoluble pattern wax; secondly, the core is placed in a metal forming press, and mould assembly and wax injection are performed to prepare the scroll casing part investment pattern; thirdly, mould opening is performed, the investment pattern is taken out, and the dissoluble core is dissolved; fourthly, the investment pattern is assembled and welded with a riser and a casting system to from a pattern assembly; fifthly, the pattern assembly is applied with coating material and sand; sixthly, an integral shell is manufactured through dewaxing and roasting; and finally, alloy liquid is poured into the shell, and a scroll casing cast is obtained through cooling solidification and unshelling treatment. The method not only effectively improves the dimensional precision of the scroll casing part and reduces surface roughness, but also greatly reduces and eliminates the defects of gas pore, slag inclusion, cold shut, shrinkage porosity and the like which are possibly caused by high cast gas evolution amount, low operating temperature and poor riser feeding effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to materials processing technology field, relate to a kind of casting method of automobile turbocharger housing component, relate in particular to a kind of casting method of automobile turbocharger housing component.
Background technology
Technology for Turbocharger Manufacturing is the new and high technology means that improve car engine engine efficiency, reduction fuel consume, reduce toxic emission.Only several kilograms of its core component turbocharger housing (abbreviation volute) quality, wall thickness 5-10mm, has three-dimensional flow line structure, and profile is very irregular, and surface quality requires high, belongs to medium complicated smallclothes, and Foundry Production has larger difficulty.In recent years, along with the enforcement of auto manufacturing technology fast development and energy-conserving and environment-protective relevant laws and regulations, auto industry is sharply soaring to the demand of turbocharger, and Main Auto is manufactured big country and accelerated the research and development process to automobile turbocharger shell cast technology.Through the developmental research of nearly 10 years, basically formed and take volute part manufacturing process that shell moulded casting is main flow and reached stabilisation batch production, meanwhile, casting method with the vanishing pattern is also among research and development.But from current analysis of technology status, shell mould method is produced volute part and had following 4 aspect problems: (1), in order to obtain complete shell, adopt multiple-unit curved surface somatotype, dimensional accuracy and surface quality are difficult for guaranteeing; (2) molding sand gas forming amount is large and get angry concentratedly, is easy to form surface pores defect; (3) mold temperature is low, easily produces the defects such as cold shut, splashings and elephant skin; (4) casting method is single, need build up special production line, is not easy to organize diversification to produce.Therefore, develop new volute part casting method to improving volute part production capacity, improve casting forming quality, great facilitation has reduced production costs.
Summary of the invention
The casting method that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of automobile turbocharger housing component, with solve in existing method, exist need multiple-unit curved surface somatotype, production cost is high and the uppity problem of casting quality.The method equipment investment is few, and volute surface quality and dimensional accuracy are high, and pore and to be mingled with tendency little is particularly suitable for the batch production of high-quality automobile turbocharger housing component.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of casting method of automobile turbocharger housing component, it is characterized in that, in the preparation process of shell, adopt soluble core to form the inner chamber of fusible pattern, and at die cavity top, settled the hot top riser that integrates feeding and collection slag, specifically carry out according to the following steps:
Step 1, alloy melting
Adopt electric induction furnace molten alloy liquid, alloying component is selected heat-resistance stainless steel or nickelic magnesium iron;
Step 2, design casting technique
Adopt teeming technique, and utilize hot top riser to carry out feeding to heat energy-saving position, running gate system cast gate section ratio is, sprue area: cross gate area: ingate area=1.1-1.2:1.25-1.35:1; Between runner gate and ingate, add centrifugal hot top riser in order to feeding and scum silica frost; The ratio of feeder modulus and thermal center modulus is 1.3-1.8:1; Ingate is selected cylindrical, length 3-5mm; Hot top riser is connected with the runner gate of horizontal direction and the ingate of vertical direction, and runner gate tangentially enters rising head, and ingate is connected with die cavity along rising head bottom surface;
Step 3, manufacture die mould
According to the design feature of volute part and die joint selection principle, determine quantity and the inner-cavity structure of die mould, size is determined according to the linear shrinkage ratio of mould material and alloy, adopts Sn-58%Bi fusible alloy to prepare metal die;
Step 4, prepare soluble core
Adopt solubility mould material to prepare core;
Step 5, prepare fusible pattern
In the metal die making in step 3, place the core that step 4 makes, the volute part fusible pattern that the cerul mould material preparation of mould assembly, employing high-quality cerul mould material and recovery comprises soluble core and cast gate fusible pattern, rising head fusible pattern, the proportioning of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material is 1:1 by mass percentage;
Step 6, dissolving core
The fusible pattern that contains soluble core at normal temperatures step 5 being made immerses in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution that volume parts is 10%, makes core dissolution;
Step 7, fusible pattern assembly welding
According to melting welding principle, by the fusible pattern after step 6 depoling and cast gate fusible pattern, rising head fusible pattern assembly welding, be module;
Step 8, coat and hanging sand
Fireproof coating on the module making to step 7 with dip coating, thereafter by rain type or fluidized bed process hanging sand;
Step 9, sclerosis and dry shell
After the every last layer coating of module and hanging sand, carry out fully dry sclerosis, after repeated multiple times coat-hanging sand and fully dry sclerosis, at module, form the shell layer of sclerosis outward;
Step 10, the molten fusible pattern that loses
Module after step 9 is processed is the molten fusible pattern that loses in 90～100 ℃ of diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions, obtains volute part shell;
Step 11, roasting shell
Shell roasting at 980-1050 ℃ after step 10 is processed, removes moisture, residual mould material, NH in shell
4cl etc., eliminate gas source, improve shell gas permeability, prevent that volute from producing gas hole defect;
Step 12, cast
When shell temperature is 850-1050 ℃ to cast alloys liquid in shell;
Step 13, shelling
Until aluminium alloy cooled and solidified, to room temperature, remove the shell of alloy outside, obtain volute foundry goods;
Step 14, post processing
Remove dead head, soda boiling, check, warehouse-in.
Feature of the present invention is also,
Wherein in step 1, the chemical composition that alloying component is selected heat-resistance stainless steel by mass percentage wt% is: C0.3 ~ 0.5, Cr23 ~ 27, Ni19 ~ 22, Si0 ~ 2.5, Mn≤2, Mo≤0.5, Nb≤1.6, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.
Wherein in step 1, the chemical composition that alloying component is selected nickelic magnesium iron by mass percentage wt% is: C≤2.0, Cr1.6 ~ 2.0, Ni34 ~ 38, Mg0.03 ~ 0.09, Mn≤0.7, Si4.8 ~ 5.3, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.
Wherein the soluble core in step 4 consists of by mass percentage following component: 45%-55% polyethylene glycol, 25%-30% fossil meal and 20%-25% sodium acid carbonate.
Wherein, in the cast operation of step 12, heat-resistance stainless steel pouring temperature is 1560～1580 ℃, 1440～1460 ℃ of the pouring temperatures of nickelic magnesium iron.
Beneficial effect of the present invention embodies in the following areas:
(1), without multiple-unit curved surface somatotype, casting mold is monoblock type;
(2) volute part any surface finish, dimensional accuracy is high;
(3) shell operating temperature is high, the defects such as foundry goods is difficult for producing and is mingled with, pore, shrinkage porosite;
(4) can realize a type and cast more, production efficiency is high;
Equipment investment is few, raw material are cheap, and production cost is low.
The specific embodiment
Below by the specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The casting method of automobile turbocharger housing component of the present invention, first, the polyethylene glycol of solubility of take is made the core of volute part fusible pattern as mould material; Secondly, place core in metal die, mould assembly, casting, prepare the volute part fusible pattern that comprises soluble core; Open form is taken out fusible pattern thereupon, and room temperature to be chilled to is placed in water, and soluble core is fully dissolved; Thereafter repair the fusible pattern after depoling, it is become to module with rising head with running gate system assembly welding; Subsequently with dip coating to module coat, hanging sand; Through dewaxing, calcining process, make that inner chamber is bright and clean, size whole shell accurately; Finally, aluminium alloy is poured into shell, through cooled and solidified and heat treatment, obtain that clear-cut, dimensional accuracy are high, the high-quality volute foundry goods of any surface finish.
The technological process of production is: volute part drawing → casting Technology Design → die mould manufacture → soluble core preparation → fusible pattern preparation (containing cast gate and rising head) → core dissolution → fusible pattern assembly welding → coat and the sclerosis of hanging sand → shell and dry → molten fusible pattern → Baking → cast → shelling → removal dead head → soda boiling → check → warehouse-in that loses.
Specifically carry out as follows:
Step 1, alloy melting
Adopt electric induction furnace molten alloy liquid, alloying component is selected heat-resistance stainless steel or nickelic magnesium iron.The chemical composition of heat-resistance stainless steel is (wt%) by mass percentage: C0.3 ~ 0.5, Cr23 ~ 27, Ni19 ~ 22, Si0 ~ 2.5, Mn≤2, Mo≤0.5, Nb≤1.6, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie; The chemical composition of nickelic magnesium iron is (wt%) by mass percentage: C≤2.0, Cr1.6 ~ 2.0, Ni34 ~ 38, Mg0.03 ~ 0.09, Mn≤0.7, Si4.8 ~ 5.3, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.The spheroidization treatment temperature of nickelic magnesium iron is at 1560～1620 ℃.
Step 2, casting Technology Design
For strengthening feeding, adopt teeming technique, and utilize hot top riser to carry out feeding to heat energy-saving position.Running gate system cast gate section ratio is, sprue area: cross gate area: ingate area=(1.1-1.2): (1.25-1.35): 1.Between runner gate and ingate, add centrifugal hot top riser in order to feeding and scum silica frost.The ratio of feeder modulus and thermal center modulus is (1.3-1.8): 1.Ingate is selected cylindrical, length 3-5mm.Hot top riser is connected with the runner gate of horizontal direction and the ingate of vertical direction, and runner gate tangentially enters rising head, and ingate is connected with die cavity along rising head bottom surface.
Step 3, die mould manufacture
According to the design feature of volute part and die joint selection principle, determine quantity and the inner-cavity structure of die mould, size is determined according to the linear shrinkage ratio of mould material and alloy, adopts Sn-58%Bi fusible alloy to prepare metal die.
Step 4, soluble core preparation
Adopt solubility mould material to prepare core.Solubility mould material consists of by mass percentage following component: 45%-55% polyethylene glycol, 25%-30% fossil meal, 20%-25% sodium acid carbonate.Wherein, the fusing point of key component polyethylene glycol is lower, between 64-66 ℃, has good rheological characteristic, low contraction tendency and good molten mistake performance; Talcous interpolation not only helps stream, and can improve crack resistance and the heat endurance of mould material; Sodium acid carbonate be added with the molten anergy power that helps enhancement mode material.
Step 5, fusible pattern preparation
In the metal die making in step 3, place the core that step 4 makes, the volute part fusible pattern that the cerul mould material preparation of mould assembly, employing high-quality cerul mould material and recovery comprises soluble core and cast gate fusible pattern, rising head fusible pattern, the proportioning of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material is 1:1 by mass percentage.
Step 6, core dissolution
The fusible pattern that contains soluble core at normal temperatures step 5 being made immerses in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution that volume parts is 10%, makes core dissolution.
Step 7, fusible pattern assembly welding
According to melting welding principle, by the fusible pattern after step 6 depoling and cast gate fusible pattern, rising head fusible pattern assembly welding, be module.
Step 8, coat and hanging sand
Fireproof coating on the module making to step 7 with dip coating, thereafter by rain type or fluidized bed process hanging sand.
Step 9, shell sclerosis and dry
After the every last layer coating of module and hanging sand, carry out fully dry sclerosis, after repeated multiple times " coating-hanging sand " and fully dry sclerosis, at module, form the shell layer of sclerosis outward.
Step 10, the molten fusible pattern that loses
Module after step 9 is processed is the molten fusible pattern that loses in 90～100 ℃ of diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions, obtains volute part shell.
Step 11, Baking
Shell roasting at 980-1050 ℃ after step 10 is processed, removes moisture, residual mould material, NH in shell
4cl etc., eliminate gas source, improve shell gas permeability, prevent that volute from producing gas hole defect.
Step 12, cast
When shell temperature is 850-1050 ℃ to cast alloys liquid in shell, to reduce to greatest extent and to eliminate the defects such as cold shut, misrun, slag inclusion.Heat-resistance stainless steel pouring temperature is 1560～1580 ℃, 1440～1460 ℃ of the pouring temperatures of nickelic magnesium iron.
Step 13, shelling
Until aluminium alloy cooled and solidified, to room temperature, remove the shell of alloy outside, obtain volute foundry goods.
Step 14, post processing
Remove dead head, soda boiling, check, warehouse-in.
Embodiment 1
Step 1, employing 100kg intermediate frequency furnace melting heat-resistance stainless steel, the chemical composition of heat-resistance stainless steel alloy is (wt%): C 0.3 ~ 0.5 by mass percentage, and Cr 23 ~ 27, and Ni 19 ~ 22, Si 0 ~ 2.5, Mn≤2, Mo≤0.5, Nb≤1.6, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.Raw material mainly comprise metallic nickel, 60
#ferrochrome, 55
#molybdenum-iron, 85
#ferromanganese, 75
#ferrosilicon, 65
#ferro-niobium, the Z14 pig iron and steel scrap.
Step 2, employing teeming technique, and utilize hot top riser to carry out feeding to heat energy-saving position.Running gate system cast gate section ratio is, sprue area: cross gate area: ingate area=1.1:1.25:1.Between runner gate and ingate, add centrifugal hot top riser in order to feeding and scum silica frost.The ratio of feeder modulus and thermal center modulus is 1.3:1.Ingate is selected cylindrical, length 3mm.Hot top riser is connected with the runner gate of horizontal direction and the ingate of vertical direction, and runner gate tangentially enters rising head, and ingate is connected with die cavity along rising head bottom surface.
Step 3, according to the design feature of volute part and die joint selection principle, determine quantity and the inner-cavity structure of die mould, size is determined according to the linear shrinkage ratio of mould material and alloy, adopts Sn-58%Bi fusible alloy to prepare metal die.
Step 4, employing solubility mould material and core box are prepared core.Solubility mould material consists of by mass percentage following component: 55% polyethylene glycol, 25% fossil meal, 20% sodium acid carbonate.
Step 5, adopt respectively the paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material and recovery prepare fusible pattern and water, rising head fusible pattern, the proportioning of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material is 1:1 by mass percentage.
Step 6, at normal temperatures the fusible pattern that contains soluble core is immersed in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution that volume fraction is 10%, make core dissolution.
Step 7, according to melting welding principle, by fusible pattern and cast gate fusible pattern and rising head fusible pattern assembly welding, be module.
Step 8, with dip coating to fireproof coating on module, use thereafter rain type method or fluidized bed process hanging sand.
After step 9, the every last layer coating of module and hanging sand, fully be dried, harden, after repeated multiple times " coating-hanging sand " and fully dry sclerosis, at module, form the shell layer of sclerosis outward.
Step 10, in 90 ℃ of diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions the molten fusible pattern that loses.
Step 11, at 980 ℃ roasting shell, remove moisture, residual mould material, NH in shell
4cl etc., eliminate gas source, improve shell gas permeability, prevent that volute from producing gas hole defect.
Step 12, when shell temperature is 850 ℃ to the heat-resistance stainless steel molten steel of casting in shell, to reduce to greatest extent and to eliminate the defects such as cold shut, misrun, slag inclusion, pouring temperature is 1560 ℃.
Step 13, until aluminium alloy cooled and solidified to room temperature, remove the shell of alloy outside, obtain volute foundry goods.
Step 14, removal dead head, soda boiling, check, warehouse-in.
Embodiment 2
Step 1, employing 100kg intermediate frequency furnace melting heat-resistance stainless steel, the chemical composition of alloy is (wt%): 0.3 ~ 0.5C by mass percentage, 23 ~ 27Cr, 19 ~ 22Ni, 0 ~ 2.5Si, Mn≤2, Mo≤0.5, Nb≤1.6, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.Raw material mainly comprise metallic nickel, 60
#ferrochrome, 55
#molybdenum-iron, 85
#ferromanganese, 75
#ferrosilicon, 65
#ferro-niobium, the Z14 pig iron and steel scrap.
Step 2, employing teeming technique, and utilize hot top riser to carry out feeding to heat energy-saving position.Running gate system cast gate section ratio is, sprue area: cross gate area: ingate area=1.2:1.3:1.Between runner gate and ingate, add centrifugal hot top riser in order to feeding and scum silica frost.The ratio of feeder modulus and thermal center modulus is 1.5:1.Ingate is selected cylindrical, length 5mm.Hot top riser is connected with the runner gate of horizontal direction and the ingate of vertical direction, and runner gate tangentially enters rising head, and ingate is connected with die cavity along rising head bottom surface.
Step 3, according to the design feature of volute part and die joint selection principle, determine quantity and the inner-cavity structure of die mould, size is determined according to the linear shrinkage ratio of mould material and alloy, adopts Sn-58%Bi fusible alloy to prepare metal die.
Step 4, employing solubility mould material and core box are prepared core.Solubility mould material consists of by mass percentage following component: 45% polyethylene glycol, 30% fossil meal, 25% sodium acid carbonate.
Step 5, adopt respectively the paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material and recovery prepare fusible pattern and water, rising head fusible pattern, the proportioning of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material is 1:1 by mass percentage.
Step 6, at normal temperatures the fusible pattern that contains soluble core is immersed in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution that volume fraction is 10%, make core dissolution.
Step 7, according to melting welding principle, by fusible pattern and cast gate fusible pattern and rising head fusible pattern assembly welding, be module.
Step 8, with dip coating to fireproof coating on module, use thereafter rain type method or fluidized bed process hanging sand.
After step 9, the every last layer coating of module and hanging sand, fully be dried, harden, after repeated multiple times " coating-hanging sand " and fully dry sclerosis, at module, form the shell layer of sclerosis outward.
Step 10, in 95 ℃ of diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions the molten fusible pattern that loses.
Step 11, at 1000 ℃ roasting shell, remove moisture, residual mould material, NH in shell
4cl etc., eliminate gas source, improve shell gas permeability, prevent that volute from producing gas hole defect.
Step 12, when shell temperature is 900 ℃ to the heat-resistance stainless steel molten steel of casting in shell, to reduce to greatest extent and to eliminate the defects such as cold shut, misrun, slag inclusion, pouring temperature is 1580 ℃.
Step 13, until aluminium alloy cooled and solidified to room temperature, remove the shell of alloy outside, obtain volute foundry goods.
Step 14, removal dead head, soda boiling, check, warehouse-in.
Embodiment 3
Step 1, the nickelic magnesium iron of employing 100kg intermediate frequency furnace melting, the chemical composition of alloy is (wt%) by mass percentage: C≤2.0, Cr 1.6 ~ 2.0, and Ni 34 ~ 38, Mg 0.03 ~ 0.09, Mn≤0.7, and Si 4.8 ~ 5.3, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.Raw material mainly comprise metallic nickel, 60
#ferrochrome, 85
#ferromanganese, 75
#ferrosilicon, the Z14 pig iron and steel scrap.The spheroidization treatment temperature of nickelic magnesium iron is at 1620 ℃.
Step 2, employing teeming technique, and utilize hot top riser to carry out feeding to heat energy-saving position.Running gate system cast gate section ratio is, sprue area: cross gate area: ingate area=1.15:1.28:1.Between runner gate and ingate, add centrifugal hot top riser in order to feeding and scum silica frost.The ratio of feeder modulus and thermal center modulus is 1.4:1.Ingate is selected cylindrical, length 4mm.Hot top riser is connected with the runner gate of horizontal direction and the ingate of vertical direction, and runner gate tangentially enters rising head, and ingate is connected with die cavity along rising head bottom surface.
Step 3, according to the design feature of volute part and die joint selection principle, determine quantity and the inner-cavity structure of die mould, size is determined according to the linear shrinkage ratio of mould material and alloy, adopts Sn-58%Bi fusible alloy to prepare metal die.
Step 4, employing solubility mould material and core box are prepared core.Solubility mould material consists of by mass percentage following component: 50% polyethylene glycol, 26% fossil meal, 24% sodium acid carbonate.
Step 5, adopt respectively the paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material and recovery prepare fusible pattern and water, rising head fusible pattern, the proportioning of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material is 1:1 by mass percentage.
Step 6, at normal temperatures the fusible pattern that contains soluble core is immersed in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution that volume fraction is 10%, make core dissolution.
Step 7, according to melting welding principle, by fusible pattern and cast gate fusible pattern and rising head fusible pattern assembly welding, be module.
Step 8, with dip coating to fireproof coating on module, use thereafter rain type method or fluidized bed process hanging sand.
After step 9, the every last layer coating of module and hanging sand, fully be dried, harden, after repeated multiple times " coating-hanging sand " and fully dry sclerosis, at module, form the shell layer of sclerosis outward.
Step 10, in 98 ℃ of diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions the molten fusible pattern that loses.
Step 11, at 1050 ℃ roasting shell, remove moisture, residual mould material, NH in shell
4cl etc., eliminate gas source, improve shell gas permeability, prevent that volute from producing gas hole defect.
Step 12, when shell temperature is 950 ℃ to the nickelic ductile iron liquid of casting in shell, to reduce to greatest extent and to eliminate the defects such as cold shut, misrun, slag inclusion.Pouring temperature is 1440 ℃.
Step 13, until aluminium alloy cooled and solidified to room temperature, remove the shell of alloy outside, obtain volute foundry goods.
Step 14, removal dead head, soda boiling, check, warehouse-in.
Embodiment 4
Step 1, the nickelic magnesium iron of employing 100kg intermediate frequency furnace melting, the chemical composition of alloy is (wt%) by mass percentage: C≤2.0, Cr 1.6 ~ 2.0, and Ni 34 ~ 38, Mg 0.03 ~ 0.09, Mn≤0.7, and Si 4.8 ~ 5.3, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.Raw material mainly comprise metallic nickel, 60
#ferrochrome, 85
#ferromanganese, 75
#ferrosilicon, the Z14 pig iron and steel scrap.The spheroidization treatment temperature of nickelic magnesium iron is at 1560 ℃.
Step 2, employing teeming technique, and utilize hot top riser to carry out feeding to heat energy-saving position.Running gate system cast gate section ratio is, sprue area: cross gate area: ingate area=1.18:1.35:1.Between runner gate and ingate, add centrifugal hot top riser in order to feeding and scum silica frost.The ratio of feeder modulus and thermal center modulus is 1.8:1.Ingate is selected cylindrical, length 3.5mm.Hot top riser is connected with the runner gate of horizontal direction and the ingate of vertical direction, and runner gate tangentially enters rising head, and ingate is connected with die cavity along rising head bottom surface.
Step 3, according to the design feature of volute part and die joint selection principle, determine quantity and the inner-cavity structure of die mould, size is determined according to the linear shrinkage ratio of mould material and alloy, adopts Sn-58%Bi fusible alloy to prepare metal die.
Step 4, employing solubility mould material and core box are prepared core.Solubility mould material consists of by mass percentage following component: 54% polyethylene glycol, 23% fossil meal, 23% sodium acid carbonate.
Step 5, adopt respectively the paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material and recovery prepare fusible pattern and water, rising head fusible pattern, the proportioning of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material is 1:1 by mass percentage.
Step 6, at normal temperatures the fusible pattern that contains soluble core is immersed in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution that volume fraction is 10%, make core dissolution.
Step 7, according to melting welding principle, fusible pattern and cast gate fusible pattern and rising head fusible pattern are connected to module.
Step 8, with dip coating to fireproof coating on module, use thereafter rain type method or fluidized bed process hanging sand.
After step 9, the every last layer coating of module and hanging sand, fully be dried, harden, after repeated multiple times " coating-hanging sand " and fully dry sclerosis, at module, form the shell layer of sclerosis outward.
Step 10, in 100 ℃ of diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions the molten fusible pattern that loses.
Step 11, at 990 ℃ roasting shell, remove moisture, residual mould material, NH in shell
4cl etc., eliminate gas source, improve shell gas permeability, prevent that volute from producing gas hole defect.
Step 12, when shell temperature is 1050 ℃ to the nickelic ductile iron liquid of casting in shell, to reduce to greatest extent and to eliminate the defects such as cold shut, misrun, slag inclusion.Pouring temperature is 1460 ℃.
Step 13, until aluminium alloy cooled and solidified to room temperature, remove the shell of alloy outside, obtain volute foundry goods.
Step 14, removal dead head, soda boiling, check, warehouse-in.
Turbocharger housing foundry goods clear-cut prepared by above-mentioned four kinds of schemes, dimensional accuracy is high, surface smoothness is high, and Ra value is 12.5～1.5 μ m.The common deficiencies such as slag inclusion, pore, shrinkage porosite, crackle are not found in sight check.
The casting method of automobile turbocharger housing component of the present invention, effectively overcome shell mould method because shell mould (core) assembles that issuable dislocation, scale error are large, die joint convex epirelief and burr, and due to defects such as shell mould gas forming amount is large, the low pore that may cause of operating temperature, slag inclusion, cold shuts.
Claims (5)
1. the casting method of an automobile turbocharger housing component, it is characterized in that, in the preparation process of shell, adopt soluble core to form the inner chamber of fusible pattern, and at die cavity top, settled the hot top riser that integrates feeding and collection slag, specifically carry out according to the following steps:
Step 1, alloy melting
Adopt electric induction furnace molten alloy liquid, alloying component is selected heat-resistance stainless steel or nickelic magnesium iron;
Step 2, design casting technique
Adopt teeming technique, and utilize hot top riser to carry out feeding to heat energy-saving position, running gate system cast gate section ratio is, sprue area: cross gate area: ingate area=1.1-1.2:1.25-1.35:1; Between runner gate and ingate, add centrifugal hot top riser in order to feeding and scum silica frost; The ratio of feeder modulus and thermal center modulus is 1.3-1.8:1; Ingate is selected cylindrical, length 3-5mm; Hot top riser is connected with the runner gate of horizontal direction and the ingate of vertical direction, and runner gate tangentially enters rising head, and ingate is connected with die cavity along rising head bottom surface;
Step 3, manufacture die mould
According to the design feature of volute part and die joint selection principle, determine quantity and the inner-cavity structure of die mould, size is determined according to the linear shrinkage ratio of mould material and alloy, adopts Sn-58%Bi fusible alloy to prepare metal die;
Step 4, prepare soluble core
Adopt solubility mould material to prepare core;
Step 5, prepare fusible pattern
In the metal die making in step 3, place the core that step 4 makes, the volute part fusible pattern that the cerul mould material preparation of mould assembly, employing high-quality cerul mould material and recovery comprises soluble core and cast gate fusible pattern, rising head fusible pattern, the proportioning of paraffin-stearic garden sorrel material is 1:1 by mass percentage;
Step 6, dissolving core
The fusible pattern that contains soluble core at normal temperatures step 5 being made immerses in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution that volume parts is 10%, makes core dissolution;
Step 7, fusible pattern assembly welding
According to melting welding principle, by the fusible pattern after step 6 depoling and cast gate fusible pattern, rising head fusible pattern assembly welding, be module;
Step 8, coat and hanging sand
Fireproof coating on the module making to step 7 with dip coating, thereafter by rain type or fluidized bed process hanging sand;
Step 9, sclerosis and dry shell
After the every last layer coating of module and hanging sand, carry out fully dry sclerosis, after repeated multiple times coat-hanging sand and fully dry sclerosis, at module, form the shell layer of sclerosis outward;
Step 10, the molten fusible pattern that loses
Module after step 9 is processed is the molten fusible pattern that loses in 90～100 ℃ of diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions, obtains volute part shell;
Step 11, roasting shell
Shell roasting at 980-1050 ℃ after step 10 is processed, removes moisture, residual mould material, NH in shell
4cl, eliminates gas source, improves shell gas permeability, prevents that volute from producing gas hole defect;
Step 12, cast
When shell temperature is 850-1050 ℃ to cast alloys liquid in shell;
Step 13, shelling
Until aluminium alloy cooled and solidified, to room temperature, remove the shell of alloy outside, obtain volute foundry goods;
Step 14, post processing
Remove dead head, soda boiling, check, warehouse-in.
2. according to the casting method of automobile turbocharger housing component claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, the chemical composition that alloying component is selected heat-resistance stainless steel by mass percentage wt% is: C0.3～0.5, Cr23～27, Ni19～22, Si0～2.5, Mn≤2, Mo≤0.5, Nb≤1.6, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.
3. according to the casting method of automobile turbocharger housing component claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, the chemical composition that alloying component is selected nickelic magnesium iron by mass percentage wt% is: C≤2.0, Cr1.6～2.0, Ni34～38, Mg0.03～0.09, Mn≤0.7, Si4.8～5.3, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, Yu Weitie.
4. according to the casting method of automobile turbocharger housing component claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the soluble core in described step 4 consists of by mass percentage following component: 45%-55% polyethylene glycol, 25%-30% fossil meal and 20%-25% sodium acid carbonate.
5. according to the casting method of the automobile turbocharger housing component described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: in the cast operation of described step 12, heat-resistance stainless steel pouring temperature is 1560～1580 ℃, 1440～1460 ℃ of the pouring temperatures of nickelic magnesium iron.
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Application publication date: 20121010 Assignee: Yancheng Hengchang Automobile Fittings Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Dafeng District Productivity Promotion Center, Yancheng City Contract record no.: X2023980044822 Denomination of invention: A Precision Casting Method for Automotive Turbocharger Shell Parts Granted publication date: 20140115 License type: Common License Record date: 20231031 Application publication date: 20121010 Assignee: Jiangsu Yunma Agricultural Machinery Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Dafeng District Productivity Promotion Center, Yancheng City Contract record no.: X2023980044817 Denomination of invention: A Precision Casting Method for Automotive Turbocharger Shell Parts Granted publication date: 20140115 License type: Common License Record date: 20231031 |
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Application publication date: 20121010 Assignee: JIANGSU CHUANGYI PRECISION FORGING Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Dafeng District Productivity Promotion Center, Yancheng City Contract record no.: X2023980046393 Denomination of invention: A precision casting method for automotive turbocharger housing components Granted publication date: 20140115 License type: Common License Record date: 20231113 Application publication date: 20121010 Assignee: JIANGSU FENGTAI FLUID MACHINERY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Dafeng District Productivity Promotion Center, Yancheng City Contract record no.: X2023980046390 Denomination of invention: A precision casting method for automotive turbocharger housing components Granted publication date: 20140115 License type: Common License Record date: 20231113 Application publication date: 20121010 Assignee: JIANGSU YANFA MACHINERY CO.,LTD. Assignor: Dafeng District Productivity Promotion Center, Yancheng City Contract record no.: X2023980046385 Denomination of invention: A precision casting method for automotive turbocharger housing components Granted publication date: 20140115 License type: Common License Record date: 20231113 Application publication date: 20121010 Assignee: Yancheng Dafeng Chuangyi precision forging gear Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Dafeng District Productivity Promotion Center, Yancheng City Contract record no.: X2023980046519 Denomination of invention: A precision casting method for automotive turbocharger housing components Granted publication date: 20140115 License type: Common License Record date: 20231113 |
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