CN112139451A - Investment casting process of complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part - Google Patents
Investment casting process of complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part Download PDFInfo
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- CN112139451A CN112139451A CN202011008645.1A CN202011008645A CN112139451A CN 112139451 A CN112139451 A CN 112139451A CN 202011008645 A CN202011008645 A CN 202011008645A CN 112139451 A CN112139451 A CN 112139451A
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- mold
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- soluble ceramic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/043—Removing the consumable pattern
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of investment casting technology, and relates to an investment casting technology of a complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part, which adopts a 3D printing mode to manufacture a water-soluble ceramic core, coats an organic waterproof coating on the water-soluble ceramic core and dries the water-soluble ceramic core; the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a wax injection mold according to the appearance of a casting, placing a water-soluble ceramic core into the wax injection mold, injecting a wax material into the wax injection mold after mold closing to form the wax mold, coating gypsum slurry on the wax mold, heating for dewaxing and roasting after the gypsum slurry is hardened to obtain a gypsum casting mold, pouring metal liquid into the gypsum casting mold by adopting a vacuum pouring and pressurizing solidification method to obtain a casting mold, and finally placing the casting mold into clear water to dissolve and remove the water-soluble ceramic core to obtain the required complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part. The invention solves the sinking problem of the long and narrow inner cavity of the gypsum mold by combining the water-soluble ceramic core and the gypsum mold, and reduces the formation of looseness, cold shut and hot cracks in the casting through vacuum pouring and pressurized solidification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of investment casting technology, and particularly relates to an investment casting technology of a complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation piece.
Background
With the development of national defense industry, a plurality of large, complex and thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy castings appear in the aluminum alloy casting field, the air door frame structure of the air inlet system of the auxiliary power device of the airplane is a complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation piece, the existing manufacturing process of the complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation piece is not standard, and in the process of manufacturing the air door frame structure of the air inlet system of the auxiliary power device of the airplane by utilizing the prior art, a long and narrow inner cavity of a gypsum model is easy to sink, and a melt is easy to loose, cool and hot cracks, so that improvement on the casting process of the complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation piece is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the investment casting process of the complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) the water-soluble ceramic core is manufactured by a 3D printing mode, the water-soluble ceramic core is consistent with a cavity which is required in a casting and has a complex inner cavity structure, pores are difficult to form, and a mold core is difficult to clean, and the water-soluble ceramic core comprises salt, fused corundum and crude polyethylene glycol.
(2) And (2) placing the water-soluble ceramic core in an electric oven, heating to 180-190 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, discharging, air-cooling to room temperature, coating an organic waterproof coating on the outer surface of the water-soluble ceramic core, and drying for later use.
(3) And manufacturing a wax injection mold according to the appearance of a required casting, putting the water-soluble ceramic core into the wax injection mold, injecting a wax material into the wax injection mold through a wax injection port after mold closing to form the wax mold, cooling to room temperature, opening the wax injection mold, and taking out the wax mold coated with the water-soluble ceramic core.
(4) And coating gypsum slurry on the wax mold, heating to 190-200 ℃ at the rate of heating to 10-20 ℃ per hour after the gypsum slurry is hardened, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, then heating to 500 ℃ at the rate of heating to 40-45 ℃ per hour, roasting to remove the wax mold, preserving heat for 1 hour, heating to 600-700 ℃ at the rate of heating to 50-60 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and obtaining the gypsum casting mold.
(5) And (3) adopting a casting method of vacuum casting and pressurized solidification, placing the gypsum casting mold obtained in the step (4) under the condition of heat preservation at 550-600 ℃ for vacuumizing, slowly casting molten metal into the gypsum casting mold when the vacuum degree is pumped to 0.18-0.20 Kpa, pressurizing the gypsum casting mold after the casting is finished to solidify and supplement the gypsum casting mold, keeping the pressurizing state for 1-1.5 h after the solidification and supplement, removing the mold shell after cooling to obtain a casting, and improving the flow of the melt through vacuum casting and pressurized solidification to form sequential solidification of the melt.
(6) And (5) immersing the casting obtained in the step (5) into clear water, and dissolving and removing the water-soluble ceramic core to obtain the required complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part.
Preferably, the water-soluble ceramic core material in the step (1) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of salt, 10% of fused corundum and 25% of crude polyethylene glycol, so as to ensure that the water-soluble ceramic core has better strength and water solubility.
Preferably, in the step (5), the pressure during the pressurization treatment is 0.4-0.45 Mppa, so as to obtain a stable sequential solidification process.
The method also comprises other steps which can normally carry out the investment casting process of the complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation piece, and the other steps are conventional technical means in the field, and in addition, the steps which are not limited in the invention adopt the conventional technical means in the field.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes the forming of the complex long and narrow inner cavity of the complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation piece by combining the water-soluble ceramic core and the gypsum mold, solves the sinking problem of the long and narrow inner cavity of the gypsum mold, improves the flow of the melt through vacuum pouring and pressurizing solidification technology, forms the sequential solidification of the melt, increases the feeding capacity of the casting in the solidification process, reduces the formation of looseness, cold shut and hot crack in the casting, and improves the metallurgical quality of the casting.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be clearly described below with reference to specific examples in the examples of the present invention, and the description herein is only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, but not for the purpose of limiting the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Examples
The invention provides a investment casting process of a complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the water-soluble ceramic core is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing mode, the water-soluble ceramic core is consistent with a cavity which has a complicated inner cavity structure, is difficult to form pores and is difficult to clean, and the core is difficult to clean, and the water-soluble ceramic core comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of salt, 10% of electro-fused corundum and 25% of crude polyethylene glycol to ensure that the water-soluble ceramic core has better strength and water solubility, and the water-soluble ceramic core which is consistent with a cavity of a required casting, wherein the cavity has a complex inner cavity structure, pores are difficult to form and cores are difficult to clean, can be efficiently and accurately prepared by adopting a 3D printing mode.
(2) And (2) placing the water-soluble ceramic core in an electric oven, heating to 180 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, discharging, air-cooling to room temperature, coating an organic waterproof coating on the outer surface of the water-soluble ceramic core, and drying for later use to ensure the stable structural strength of the water-soluble ceramic core.
(3) And manufacturing a wax injection mold according to the appearance of a required casting, putting the water-soluble ceramic core into the wax injection mold, injecting a wax material into the wax injection mold through a wax injection port after mold closing to form the wax mold, cooling to room temperature, opening the wax injection mold, and taking out the wax mold coated with the water-soluble ceramic core.
(4) And coating gypsum slurry on the wax mold, heating to 190 ℃ at the rate of heating to 10 ℃ per hour after the gypsum slurry is hardened, preserving heat for 2 hours, then heating to 500 ℃ at the rate of heating to 40 ℃ per hour, roasting to remove the wax mold, preserving heat for 1 hour, heating to 700 ℃ at the rate of heating to 50 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours to obtain a gypsum casting mold, and accurately controlling the temperature and the time to ensure that the wax mold is efficiently and thoroughly removed and obtain the gypsum casting mold with a stable structure.
(5) And (3) adopting a casting method of vacuum pouring and pressurized solidification, placing the gypsum casting mold obtained in the step (4) under the condition of heat preservation at 550 ℃ for vacuumizing, slowly pouring molten metal into the gypsum casting mold when the vacuum degree is pumped to 0.18Kpa, pressurizing the gypsum casting mold after pouring to enable the gypsum casting mold to be solidified and fed, wherein the pressure during pressurizing is 0.4Mppa to obtain a stable sequential solidification process, keeping the pressurized state for 1h after solidification and feeding, and removing the mold shell after cooling to obtain the casting.
(6) And (5) immersing the casting obtained in the step (5) into clear water, and dissolving and removing the water-soluble ceramic core to obtain the required complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the illustrated embodiments.
Claims (3)
1. The investment casting process of the complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the water-soluble ceramic core is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing mode, the water-soluble ceramic core is consistent with a cavity which has a complex inner cavity structure in a required casting, is difficult to form pores and is difficult to clean, and the water-soluble ceramic core comprises the following components of salt, fused corundum and crude polyethylene glycol;
(2) placing the water-soluble ceramic core in an electric oven, heating to 180-190 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, discharging, air-cooling to room temperature, coating an organic waterproof coating on the outer surface of the water-soluble ceramic core, and drying for later use;
(3) manufacturing a wax injection mold according to the appearance of a required casting, putting the water-soluble ceramic core into the wax injection mold, injecting a wax material into the wax injection mold through a wax injection port after mold closing to form the wax mold, cooling to room temperature, opening the wax injection mold, and taking out the wax mold coated with the water-soluble ceramic core;
(4) coating gypsum slurry on the wax mold, heating to 190-200 ℃ at the rate of heating to 10-20 ℃ per hour after the gypsum slurry is hardened, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, then heating to 500 ℃ at the rate of heating to 40-45 ℃ per hour, roasting to remove the wax mold, preserving heat for 1 hour, heating to 600-700 ℃ at the rate of heating to 50-60 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and obtaining a gypsum casting mold;
(5) placing the gypsum casting mold obtained in the step (4) under the condition of heat preservation at 550-600 ℃ for vacuumizing by adopting a casting method of vacuum pouring and pressurized solidification, slowly pouring molten metal into the gypsum casting mold when the vacuum degree is pumped to 0.18-0.20 Kpa, pressurizing the gypsum casting mold after pouring so as to solidify and supplement the gypsum casting mold, keeping the pressurized state for 1-1.5 hours after the solidification and supplement, and removing the mold shell after cooling to obtain a casting;
(6) and (5) immersing the casting obtained in the step (5) into clear water, and dissolving and removing the water-soluble ceramic core to obtain the required complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part.
2. The investment casting process of a complex thin-walled hollow aluminum alloy aerospace member according to claim 1, wherein: the water-soluble ceramic core material in the step (1) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of salt, 10% of fused corundum and 25% of crude polyethylene glycol.
3. The investment casting process of a complex thin-walled hollow aluminum alloy aerospace member according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the pressure during the pressurization treatment is 0.4-0.45 MPpa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011008645.1A CN112139451A (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Investment casting process of complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part |
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| CN202011008645.1A CN112139451A (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Investment casting process of complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part |
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| CN112139451A true CN112139451A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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| CN202011008645.1A Pending CN112139451A (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Investment casting process of complex thin-wall hollow aluminum alloy aviation part |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113909438A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-01-11 | 汤阴县腾龙合金精铸有限公司 | Combined process method for precisely forming shell mold |
| CN114131837A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for preparing complex soft structure by using water-soluble template |
| CN114536505A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-27 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for manufacturing ceramic jewelry |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113909438A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-01-11 | 汤阴县腾龙合金精铸有限公司 | Combined process method for precisely forming shell mold |
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Application publication date: 20201229 |