CN103878310B - A kind of cylinder head casting die and casting method - Google Patents

A kind of cylinder head casting die and casting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103878310B
CN103878310B CN201210553374.7A CN201210553374A CN103878310B CN 103878310 B CN103878310 B CN 103878310B CN 201210553374 A CN201210553374 A CN 201210553374A CN 103878310 B CN103878310 B CN 103878310B
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core
die
mould
air inlet
cylinder head
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CN103878310A (en
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陈灵巧
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Shanghai Aishida Automotive Components Co Ltd
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Shanghai Aishida Automotive Components Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cylinder head casting die in auto parts and components field, comprise by the first limit mould, Second Edge mould, first end mould, the metal pattern die that second end mould and bed die surround, be provided with the sand core of water jacket being positioned at described bed die end face and the air inlet core being positioned at described sand core of water jacket end face in the die cavity of described metal pattern die and be vented core, the end face of described air inlet core and described exhaust core is provided with rising head core, described rising head core top is provided with top satrain relief, described first limit mould is provided with several air inlet through holes, described air inlet core connects this several air inlet through holes respectively, described Second Edge mould is provided with several exhaust holes, described exhaust core connects this several exhaust holes respectively.Its technique effect is: the core solved in metal pattern die get angry be difficult to discharge technical problem, avoid cylinder head produce feel suffocated, misrun casting flaw.The invention discloses a kind of cylinder head casting method in auto parts and components field.

Description

A kind of cylinder head casting die and casting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinder head casting die and the casting method in auto parts and components field.
Background technology
Cylinder head is automobile engine critical component, and its outline is for being about 440mm × 195mm × 128mm.Client is high to cylinder head dimensional requirement precision, flat appearance, clear-cut are complete; Dense internal organization, the casting flaw such as pore-free, shrinkage porosite; The material of requirement cylinder head is alusil alloy, tensile strength>=160N/mm that material is corresponding 2, percentage elongation>=1.0%, the porosity≤3.5%, hardness>=75HB; And require No leakage under 3bar air pressure; Current cylinder head, belongs to thin-wall part more, and wherein air flue wall thickness is at about 3.5mm, and therefore casting difficulty is larger.Be generally adopt low pressure casting or the bilateral pouring technology of gravity rising pouring to produce at present both at home and abroad, its shortcoming is:
The first, the cylinder head local of producing is not fine and close, and shrinkage porosite, leakage is many.The second, during casting, in the die cavity of pattern, getting angry of core is difficult to discharge.3rd, be difficult to form consecutive solidification during cylinder head cooling, the 4th production efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cylinder head casting die be provided, when it can solve casting metal pattern die die cavity in, the technical problem being difficult to discharge of getting angry of core, avoids cylinder head to produce feeling suffocated, misrun casting flaw.Present invention also offers a kind of cylinder head casting method, when it can solve casting metal pattern die die cavity in, the technical problem being difficult to discharge of getting angry of core, avoids cylinder head to produce feeling suffocated, misrun casting flaw.
A kind of technical scheme realizing above-mentioned purpose is: a kind of cylinder head casting die, comprise the metal pattern die surrounded by the first limit mould, Second Edge mould, first end mould, the second end mould and bed die, the sand core of water jacket being positioned at described bed die end face is provided with in the die cavity of described metal pattern die, and be positioned at air inlet core and the exhaust core of described sand core of water jacket end face, the end face of described air inlet core and described exhaust core is provided with rising head core, described rising head core top is provided with top satrain relief
Described first limit mould is provided with several air inlet through holes, and described air inlet core connects this several air inlet through holes respectively, and described Second Edge mould is provided with several exhaust holes, and described exhaust core connects this several exhaust holes respectively.
Further, four drift angles of described bed die are respectively provided with a bed die exhaust hole, described bed die exhaust hole is closed by the bottom surface of described sand core of water jacket.
Further, described first end mould and described second end mould are equipped with end parting line venting through hole, and described end parting line venting through hole is closed by the periphery wall of described sand core of water jacket.
Further, the bed die water cooling plant parallel with described bed die bottom surface is provided with in described bed die, described bed die bottom surface is also provided with the combustion chamber water cooling plant perpendicular to described bed die bottom surface, the outer wall of described first limit mould is provided with the first air cooling equipment, and the outer wall of described Second Edge mould is provided with the second air cooling equipment.
Further, the top of described first end mould is provided with cup, described mono-Bian Monei is provided with cross gate, is provided with the clearance type ingate of the die cavity being communicated with described metal pattern die bottom described cross gate, is also provided with the sprue being communicated with described cup and described cross gate in described first end mould.
Another technical scheme realizing above-mentioned purpose is: a kind of cylinder head casting method, comprises the following steps:
Core preparation process: prepare air inlet core and exhaust core with hot box process, prepare sand core of water jacket and rising head core by cold-box process;
Lower core step: install sand core of water jacket at the end face of bed die, then at the end face of sand core of water jacket, air inlet core and exhaust core are installed, then at the end face of exhaust core and air inlet core, rising head core is installed;
Matched moulds step: the first limit mould, Second Edge mould, first end mould, the second end mould and bed die surround metal pattern die, and described air inlet core is connected with the air inlet through hole on described first limit mould, described exhaust core is connected with the exhaust hole on described Second Edge mould;
Casting step: molten aluminum silicon alloy casting is entered in the die cavity of described metal pattern die;
Cooling step: molten aluminum silicon alloy cools in the die cavity of metal pattern die becomes foundry goods, carries out air suction process by described air inlet through hole to described air inlet core simultaneously, carries out air suction process by described exhaust hole to described exhaust core;
Die sinking step: taken out from described metal pattern die by foundry goods, removes rising head core in foundry goods, sand core of water jacket, air inlet core and exhaust core, removes the cast gate on foundry goods and rising head, obtain cylinder head.
Further, in cooling step, in described bed die bottom surface, air suction process is carried out to described sand core of water jacket.
Further, in cooling step, the outer wall of described first end mould and the outer wall of described second end mould carry out air suction process to described sand core of water jacket.
Further, in cooling step, described bed die carries out water-cooled operation to the foundry goods in the die cavity of described metal pattern die, on the outer wall of described first limit mould and on the outer wall of described Second Edge mould, air-cooled operation is carried out to the foundry goods in the die cavity of described metal pattern die.
Further, in casting step, molten aluminum silicon alloy through the cup of described first end die tip, is positioned at the cross gate of mono-Bian Monei successively, and clearance type ingate enters the die cavity of described metal pattern die.
Have employed the technical scheme of a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention, namely in the die cavity of metal pattern die, air inlet core connects the exhaust hole on the first limit mould, and exhaust core connects the technical scheme of the exhaust hole on Second Edge mould.Its technique effect is: the core solved in the die cavity of metal pattern die get angry be difficult to discharge technical problem, avoid cylinder head produce feel suffocated, misrun casting flaw.Present invention also offers a kind of cylinder head casting method, it is in cooling step, first limit mould and Second Edge mould carry out air suction process, and its technique effect is: the core solved in metal pattern die get angry be difficult to discharge technical problem, avoid cylinder head produce feel suffocated, misrun casting flaw.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of cylinder head casting die plan structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Second Edge mode structure schematic diagram on a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the second end mode structure schematic diagram on a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is bed die plan structure schematic diagram on a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of bed die on a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a kind of cylinder head casting die upper air through hole distribution schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the first air cooling equipment distribution schematic diagram on a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is exhaust hole distribution schematic diagram on a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the second air cooling equipment distribution schematic diagram on a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a kind of cylinder head casting method flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Refer to Fig. 1 to Figure 10, the present inventor, in order to understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below by embodiment particularly, and is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings:
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention, comprise the first limit mould 11, Second Edge mould 12, first end mould 13, the metal pattern die 1 that second end mould 14 and bed die 15 surround, be provided with the sand core of water jacket (not shown) being positioned at bed die 15 end face and the air inlet core (not shown) being positioned at described sand core of water jacket end face in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1 and be vented core (not shown), the end face of described air inlet core and described exhaust core is provided with rising head core (not shown), described rising head core top is provided with top satrain relief.
First limit mould 11 is provided with several air inlet through holes 111, by the die cavity of metal pattern die 1 and ft connection, in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, described air inlet core connects this several air inlet through holes 111 respectively, Second Edge mould 12 is provided with several exhaust holes 121, by the die cavity of metal pattern die 1 and ft connection, described exhaust core connects this several exhaust holes 121 respectively.In Fig. 2, these several exhaust holes 121 are positioned at A position.
The object of such design is: when molten aluminum silicon alloy cools at the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, air extractor is adopted to bleed to described air inlet core on air inlet through hole 111, exhaust hole 121 is bled to described exhaust core, be convenient to the getting angry of core of discharging in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, prevent from cylinder head from producing feeling suffocated, misrun casting flaw.Core in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1 comprises sand core of water jacket, air inlet core, exhaust core and rising head core.
In addition, four drift angles of bed die 15 are also provided with bed die exhaust hole 151, and by the die cavity of metal pattern die 1 and ft connection, four bed die exhaust holes 151 are closed by the bottom surface of sand core of water jacket.When molten aluminum silicon alloy cools at the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, adopt air extractor to bleed on bed die cooling through hole 151, be convenient to discharge the getting angry of sand core of water jacket in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, prevent from cylinder head from producing feeling suffocated, the casting flaw such as misrun.
In addition, the bottom of first end mould 13 and the second end mould 14 is also arranged with end parting line venting through hole 10, by the die cavity of metal pattern die 1 and ft connection.End parting line venting through hole 10 is closed by the periphery wall of sand core of water jacket.When molten aluminum silicon alloy cools at the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, adopt air extractor to bleed on end parting line venting through hole 10, be more convenient to discharge getting angry of sand core of water jacket in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, prevent from cylinder head from producing feeling suffocated, misrun casting flaw.
In the present embodiment, a kind of cylinder head casting die of the present invention has also carried out further improvement, is provided with the bed die water cooling plant 152 being parallel to bed die 15 bottom surface in bed die 15, and bed die 15 bottom surface is provided with the combustion chamber water cooling plant 153 perpendicular to bed die 15 bottom surface.The object of such design is: by the water-cooled to bed die 15, and reduce the temperature of bed die 15, make molten aluminum silicon alloy consecutive solidification in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, feeding is abundant.Obtain cylinder head dense materials degree high, good airproof performance, good mechanical property, dimensional accuracy is high.
In the present embodiment, the outer wall of the first limit mould 11 is also provided with the first air cooling equipment 112, the outer wall of Second Edge mould 12 is provided with the second air cooling equipment 122.First air cooling equipment 112 is exactly be positioned at the N number of blind hole on the first limit mould 11 outer wall, second air cooling equipment 122 is exactly M blind hole on Second Edge mould 12 outer wall. and the object of design is like this: by the temperature of air-cooled reduction by first limit mould 11 and Second Edge mould 12, molten aluminum silicon alloy consecutive solidification in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, feeding is abundant.Obtain cylinder head dense materials degree high, good airproof performance, good mechanical property, dimensional accuracy is high.
In the present embodiment, the position of the first air cooling equipment 112 on the first limit mould 11 higher than the position of air inlet through hole 111, second air cooling equipment 122 on Second Edge mould 12 higher than exhaust hole 122.
In the present embodiment, have employed metal pattern die 1 that the first limit mould 11, Second Edge mould 12, first end mould 13, second end mould 14 and bed die 15 surround to produce the cylinder head of shape and structure complexity, while improving work situation condition, reduce the labour intensity of operator, improve production efficiency.Meanwhile, the good cooling effect of metal pattern die 1, further ensure molten aluminum silicon alloy consecutive solidification in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, feeding is abundant.Obtain cylinder head dense materials degree high, good airproof performance, good mechanical property, dimensional accuracy is high.
In the present embodiment, the top of first end mould 13 is provided with cup 131, is provided with cross gate 113 in the first limit mould 11, and cross gate 113 is communicated with by the sprue 132 being positioned at first end mould 13 with cup 131.The clearance type ingate 114 of the die cavity being communicated with metal pattern die 1 is provided with bottom cross gate 113.Thus, cup 131, sprue 132, cross gate 113 and clearance type ingate 114 constitute a casting system, adopt this casting system can avoid alusil alloy solution in casting cycle, produce splashing, turbulent flow and make cylinder head produce the casting flaw such as slag inclusion, pore, cold shut.
In the present embodiment: a kind of cylinder head casting method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Core preparation process: prepare air inlet core and exhaust core with hot box process, prepare sand core of water jacket and rising head core by cold-box process.
Cold-box process is that 50 ~ 100 object roughing sand or reclaimed sand after mixing, are blown into triethylamine, resinoid bond is solidified, thus obtain described sand core of water jacket and described rising head core respectively respectively in special metal die by resinoid bond and particle diameter.Resinoid bond comprises epoxy adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, and unsaturated polyester binding agent etc.
Hot box process is 70 ~ 140 object precoated sands by particle diameter, is sintered into described air inlet core and exhaust core in the metal die that temperature is 220 DEG C-400 DEG C.
Preheating step: the first limit mould 11, Second Edge mould 12, bed die 15, first end mould 13 and the second end mould 14 are arranged on casting machine, and carry out preheating with heated by natural gas device, preheat temperature 200 DEG C-350 DEG C.Then the first limit mould 11, Second Edge mould 12, bed die 15, the rusty stain on first end mould 13 and the second end mould 14 surface and foreign material are disposed with jetting tool.Spray releasing agent afterwards, prevent alusil alloy from adhering to.Such operation can make moisture in releasing agent evaporate rapidly, releasing agent spray evenly, obtain the releasing agent layer of one deck densification.If preheat temperature is too high, releasing agent also can be caused to peel off.First limit mould 11, Second Edge mould 12, bed die 15, first end mould 13 and the second end mould 14 newly come into operation, then need to carry out pickling with sulfuric acid before preheating, to ensure that releasing agent can in the adhesion on its surface.
Melting step: alusil alloy is dropped into melt in furnace and becomes molten aluminum silicon alloy, and in the temperature of 700 DEG C-750 DEG C, by refining, degasification, slagging-off, the operation such as rotten, processes molten aluminum silicon alloy, obtains clean molten aluminum silicon alloy stand-by.
Lower core step: install described sand core of water jacket at the end face of bed die 15, bed die exhaust hole 151 on bed die 15 4 drift angles is closed by described sand core of water jacket, then at the end face of described sand core of water jacket, described air inlet core and described exhaust core are installed, then at the end face of described exhaust core and described air inlet core, described rising head core are installed.
Matched moulds step: the first limit mould 11, Second Edge mould 12, first end mould 13, second end mould 14 and bed die 15 surround metal pattern die 1, and the end parting line venting through hole 10 on first end mould 13 and the end parting line venting through hole 10 on the second end mould 14 are closed by the periphery wall of described sand core of water jacket, make described air inlet core connect air inlet through hole 111 on the first limit mould 11, described exhaust core connects the exhaust hole 121 on Second Edge mould 12.
Casting step: the cup 131 molten aluminum silicon alloy of 700 ~ 730 DEG C casting being entered first end mould 13 top, within the time of 10 ~ 13s, the sprue 132 of molten aluminum silicon alloy successively in described first end mould 13, cross gate 113 in first limit mould 11, and the clearance type ingate 114 bottom cross gate 113 enters the die cavity of metal pattern die 1.This belongs to the casting of a kind of top pouring type and fills type technique, and its technique effect is: avoid alusil alloy solution in casting cycle, produces splashings, turbulent and make the casting flaws such as foundry goods generation slag inclusion, pore, cold shut.
In casting step, slowly, crystallization is thick, and mechanical property reduces, and easily forms the defect such as pore, pin hole for the too high then cylinder head cooling of molten aluminum silicon alloy temperature; Temperature is too low, easily causes the defect such as misrun, cold shut.In casting step, molten aluminum silicon alloy injects cup 131 must be steady, and the liquid stream of molten aluminum silicon alloy is wanted continuously, not interruptible price; When molten aluminum silicon alloy injects cup 131, elder generation slow, rear soon, slow again; Ladle spout as far as possible close to cup 131, in order to avoid molten aluminum silicon alloy liquid flows through length cause oxidation, should prevent foundry goods trapped oxide.
Cooling step: through the cooling of 180 ~ 200s, molten aluminum silicon alloy cools in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1 becomes foundry goods, carries out afterteeming at the top satrain relief at cup 131 and rising head core top simultaneously, eliminates the shrinkage cavity defect of foundry goods.
In cooling step, adopt air extractor to carry out air suction process at air inlet through hole 111 place to described air inlet core, adopt air extractor to carry out air suction process by exhaust hole 121 to described exhaust core; One discharges the getting angry of core in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, prevents from cylinder head from producing feeling suffocated, misrun casting flaw.
In cooling step, bed die exhaust hole 151 place that air extractor is being positioned at bed die 15 4 drift angles is adopted to carry out air suction process to described sand core of water jacket, with getting angry of sand core of water jacket in the die cavity of discharging metal pattern die 1, prevent from cylinder head from producing feeling suffocated, the casting flaw such as misrun.
In cooling step, end parting line venting through hole 10 place of air extractor on first end mould 13 and the second end mould 14 is adopted to carry out air suction process to described sand core of water jacket, with getting angry of sand core of water jacket in the die cavity of discharging metal pattern die 1, prevent from cylinder head from producing feeling suffocated, the casting flaw such as misrun.
In cooling step, in bed die water cooling plant 152 and combustion chamber water cooling plant 153, pass into cooling water, water-cooled is carried out to the foundry goods in the bed die 15 of metal pattern die 1 and the die cavity of metal pattern die 1.Make molten aluminum silicon alloy consecutive solidification in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1 become foundry goods, in process of setting, feeding is abundant.Obtain cylinder head dense materials degree high, good airproof performance, good mechanical property, dimensional accuracy is high.
In cooling step, by the first air cooling equipment 112, air-cooled operation is carried out to the foundry goods in the die cavity of the first limit mould 11 and metal pattern die 1, air-cooled operation is carried out by the foundry goods in the die cavity of the second air cooling equipment 122 pairs of Second Edge moulds 12 and metal pattern die 1, make molten aluminum silicon alloy consecutive solidification in the die cavity of metal pattern die 1, feeding is abundant.Obtain cylinder head dense materials degree high, good airproof performance, good mechanical property, dimensional accuracy is high.
Die sinking step: taken out from described metal pattern die by foundry goods, removes rising head core in foundry goods, sand core of water jacket, air inlet core and exhaust core, after cast gate, rising head and the machine removed on foundry goods adds, obtains cylinder head.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment is only used to the present invention is described, and be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as in spirit of the present invention, all will drop in Claims scope of the present invention the change of the above embodiment, modification.

Claims (9)

1. a cylinder head casting die, comprise the metal pattern die (1) surrounded by the first limit mould (11), Second Edge mould (12), first end mould (13), the second end mould (14) and bed die (15), the sand core of water jacket being positioned at described bed die (15) end face is provided with in the die cavity of described metal pattern die (1), and be positioned at air inlet core and the exhaust core of described sand core of water jacket end face, the end face of described air inlet core and described exhaust core is provided with rising head core, described rising head core top is provided with top satrain relief, it is characterized in that:
Described first limit mould (11) be provided with several air inlet through holes (111), described air inlet core connects this several air inlet through holes (111) respectively, described Second Edge mould (12) is provided with several exhaust holes (121), described exhaust core connects this several exhaust holes (121) respectively
Four drift angles of described bed die (15) are respectively provided with a bed die exhaust hole (151), described bed die exhaust hole (151) is closed by the bottom surface of described sand core of water jacket.
2. a kind of cylinder head casting die according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first end mould (13) and described second end mould (14) are equipped with end parting line venting through hole (10), described end parting line venting through hole (10) is closed by the periphery wall of described sand core of water jacket.
3. a kind of cylinder head casting die according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described bed die (15), be provided with the bed die water cooling plant (152) parallel with described bed die (15) bottom surface, described bed die (15) bottom surface is also provided with the combustion chamber water cooling plant (153) perpendicular to described bed die (15) bottom surface, the outer wall of described first limit mould (11) is provided with the first air cooling equipment (112), and the outer wall of described Second Edge mould (12) is provided with the second air cooling equipment (122).
4. a kind of cylinder head casting die as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the top of described first end mould (13) is provided with cup (131), cross gate (113) is provided with in described first limit mould (11), described cross gate (113) bottom is provided with the clearance type ingate (114) of the die cavity being communicated with described metal pattern die (1), is also provided with the sprue (132) being communicated with described cup (131) and described cross gate (113) in described first end mould (13).
5. a cylinder head casting method, comprises the following steps:
Core preparation process: prepare air inlet core and exhaust core with hot box process, prepare sand core of water jacket and rising head core by cold-box process;
Lower core step: install sand core of water jacket at the end face of bed die (15), then at the end face of sand core of water jacket, air inlet core and exhaust core are installed, then at the end face of exhaust core and air inlet core, rising head core is installed;
Matched moulds step: the first limit mould (11), Second Edge mould (12), first end mould (13), the second end mould (14) and bed die (15) surround metal pattern die (1), and described air inlet core is connected with the air inlet through hole (111) on described first limit mould (11), described exhaust core is connected with the exhaust hole (121) on described Second Edge mould (12);
Casting step: molten aluminum silicon alloy casting is entered in the die cavity of described metal pattern die (1);
Cooling step: molten aluminum silicon alloy cools in the die cavity of metal pattern die becomes foundry goods, by described air inlet through hole (111), air suction process is carried out to described air inlet core simultaneously, by described exhaust hole (121), air suction process is carried out to described exhaust core;
Die sinking step: taken out from described metal pattern die (1) by foundry goods, removes rising head core in foundry goods, sand core of water jacket, air inlet core and exhaust core, removes the cast gate on foundry goods and rising head, obtain cylinder head.
6. a kind of cylinder head casting method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in cooling step, carries out air suction process in described bed die (15) bottom surface to described sand core of water jacket.
7. a kind of cylinder head casting method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in cooling step, and the outer wall of described first end mould (13) and the outer wall of described second end mould (14) carry out air suction process to sand core of water jacket.
8. a kind of cylinder head casting method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in cooling step, described bed die (15) carries out water-cooled operation to the foundry goods in the die cavity of described metal pattern die (1), on the outer wall of described first limit mould (11) and on the outer wall of described Second Edge mould (12), air-cooled operation is carried out to the foundry goods in the die cavity of described metal pattern die (1).
9. a kind of cylinder head casting method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in casting step, molten aluminum silicon alloy is successively through the cup (131) on described first end mould (13) top, be positioned at the cross gate (113) of the first limit mould (11), and clearance type ingate (114) enters the die cavity of described metal pattern die (1).
CN201210553374.7A 2012-12-19 2012-12-19 A kind of cylinder head casting die and casting method Active CN103878310B (en)

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