CN105200276B - A kind of pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method with inner-cooling oil recess - Google Patents
A kind of pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method with inner-cooling oil recess Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Strengthen composite material piston manufacture method, including step the present invention relates to a kind of pseudo- alloy with inner-cooling oil recess：1. aluminium alloys for pistons is prepared, 2. pseudo- alloy prefabricated component is made, 3. inner-cooling oil recess ceramic salt core prefabricated component is made, 4. melting is handled, 5. prefabricated component is preheated, 6. mould is preheated, 7. extrusion casint, 8. inner-cooling oil recess is cleared up, 9. piston blank is heat-treated and 10. piston blank part is machined and is surface-treated, inventive piston matrix alloy uses nanometer modifying-refining technology, modification effect is far better than common microcosmic salt alterant, primary silicon size after rotten is less than 35 μm, greatly reduced compared with 50~70 μm mentioned in background technology, the mechanical property of piston is significantly improved；The inner-cooling oil recess of piston uses squeeze cast form of ceramic salt core, the ceramic salt core has high bearing capacity, desired piston is met so as to coordinate Extrution casting technique to obtain structure, is directly rinsed with high-pressure water heating and can remove to have cold chamber in obtaining.
Description
Technical field
Strengthen composite material piston manufacture method the present invention relates to a kind of pseudo- alloy with inner-cooling oil recess.
Background technology
At present, highly-intensified diesel engine all develops to high-power, high load capacity, and aluminum piston is used as the important reciprocal of internal combustion engine
Moving component, its performance directly affects the Performance And Reliability of highly-intensified diesel engine.China's piston of automobile engine is generally used
ZL108, ZL109 cast aluminium alloy gold, material mechanical performance are that tensile strength (Rm) is that 220~240MPa, elongation (A) are 0.5
~1.0%, the tensile strength at 300 DEG C is 60~80MPa.High strengthening engine single-piece piston is required very castability
Height, does not allow any casting flaw occur.Using conventional metal mold gravity casting and sand casting aluminum piston, it is easy to produce
The casting flaws such as stomata, shrinkage porosite, crackle, slag inclusion, microstructure density contrast, mechanical property can not meet use requirement, not only such as
This, Regular casting methods low production efficiency, labor intensity are big.
Domestic and international existing piston for diesel engine is generally strengthened at the first annular groove position using high nickel cast iron insert, thick big portion
Position is typically provided with cooling oil chamber and piston is cooled down, and is molded using gravity foundry technology, the piston being prepared has weight
Weight, the high nickel cast iron edge ring and low defect of aluminum substrate bond strength, cause piston service life it is short, using poor reliability.In liquid
Easily there is the phenomenon of high nickel cast iron insert disengagement in above-mentioned piston during pressure cyclic fatigue emulation certification test, and this is due to high strengthening hair
The rotating speed of motivation and increasing substantially for maximum combustion pressure so that the mechanical load suffered by first piston ring groove position drastically increases
Plus, it can not be met using the bond strength of 20~40MPa between the high nickel cast iron insert and aluminum substrate of Al-Fin method castingins
Use requirement, it is that can piston meet the key of use requirement to improve insert bond strength.
Authorization Notice No. is CN103042195B Chinese invention patent《A kind of extruding casting of pseudo- alloy enhancing groove piston
Make manufacture method》(application number：201210574362.2) technology that a kind of use extrusion casting method prepares piston is disclosed, its
Using pseudo- alloy insert reinforcing material, the prefabricated component with higher porosity is prepared into, and in the same of piston press casting
When, liquid diffusion, solidification, crystallization into the space of prefabricated component in the presence of mechanical pressure are enabled aluminum alloy to, composite wood is formed
Material, so as to enhance the annular groove position of piston.But, above-mentioned extrusion casting method uses conventional piston alloy and rotten work
Skill, using common microcosmic salt alterant, the primary silicon size that piston alloy is formed after rotten is thicker, and primary silicon is average
Size is 50~70 μm, causes the mechanical property of piston alloy poor；Also, in such scheme during squeeze cast form piston
It can not obtain with the strong piston of interior oil cooling.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention for the present situation of prior art is to provide a kind of change of piston aluminum matrix alloy
Matter effect and the good pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method with inner-cooling oil recess of mechanical property.
The present invention solve the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem for：A kind of pseudo- alloy enhancing with inner-cooling oil recess is multiple
Condensation material method for making piston, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1. aluminium alloys for pistons is prepared, in percentage terms, the alloy includes following mass components：
Cr, V, Pb and Ca impurity element total amount are no more than 0.5%, and remaining is Al；
2. pseudo- alloy prefabricated component is made, after pseudo- alloy powder particle is mixed uniformly, suppresses, sinter by mould, is formed
Pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1；In percentage terms, above-mentioned pseudo- alloy powder particle includes following mass component：
C, O, S and P impurity element total amount are no more than 1.0%, and remaining is Fe；
3. inner-cooling oil recess ceramic salt core prefabricated component is made, the ceramic salt core prefabricated component is first caused using isostatic cool pressing technique
Densification, then removes internal stress by high-temperature roasting and obtains；
4. melting is handled, and the aluminium alloys for pistons of preparation is put into melting furnace and melted, to the aluminium alloy after fusing
Refined successively, modifying-refining, refining treatment；
It is 720 DEG C~740 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, refining treatment is carried out using refining agent；
It is 740 DEG C~750 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, modifying-refining processing is carried out using nanometer modifying-refining technique；
It is 730 DEG C~740 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, refining treatment is carried out using refining agent, stands 15~30 minutes；And
It is 720 DEG C~730 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, it is to be cast；
5. prefabricated component is preheated, and the pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component prepared is put into 280 DEG C~300 DEG C of electrothermal furnace and carried out
Preheating, preheating time is not less than 1h；The ceramic salt core prefabricated component prepared is put into 480 DEG C~500 DEG C of electrothermal furnace and carried out
Preheating, preheating time is not less than 1h；
6. mould is preheated, and the drift of mould, internal model, core print are preheating into 200 DEG C~250 DEG C before extrusion casint；
7. extrusion casint, mould is separately fixed at by preheated pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component and ceramic salt core prefabricated component
In internal model, processed good aluminum alloy melt is poured into mold cavity, aluminum alloy melt pouring temperature is 730 DEG C~740 DEG C, is closed
Mold and punching head, is pressurizeed, and pressurization pressure 130MPa~150MPa, aluminum alloy melt penetrates into the hole of pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component
In, after forming pseudo- alloy insert composite after aluminum alloy melt completely solidification, release ejects core print, takes out casting；
8. inner-cooling oil recess is cleared up, uses 0.3MPa~0.5MPa, water temperature to remove ceramic salt for 40 DEG C~50 DEG C of water under high pressure
Core prefabricated component, forms piston inner-cooling oil recess, that is, obtains the pseudo- alloy insert composite material piston hair of the annular groove enhancing with cooling oil chamber
Base；
9. piston blank is heat-treated, solid solution temperature is 500 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 5.5~6.5h；60 DEG C~
Quenching Treatment is carried out in 80 DEG C of water, transfer time of the piston blank from aluminium alloy quenching furnace to tank is less than 30s, and piston blank is solid
Molten processing to the holding time of Ageing Treatment is less than 2h, and aging temperature is 200 ± 5 DEG C, 7.5~8.5h is incubated, after coming out of the stove
Air cooling；
10. piston blank part is machined and is surface-treated, obtain the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite wood with inner-cooling oil recess
Expect piston.
As an improvement, the ceramic salt core prefabricated component use the isostatic cool pressing pressure that isostatic cool pressing technique is densified for
190~200MPa, the dwell time is 3min~5min.
Improve again, when the ceramic salt core prefabricated component removes internal stress by high-temperature roasting, be heated to 710 DEG C~720 DEG C,
Programming rate is furnace cooling after 90~100 DEG C/h, 1.8~2h of insulation, and furnace temperature is come out of the stove less than 150 DEG C.
Further improve, 4. mesometamorphism micronization processes use nanometer fining agent to step, and this nanometer of fining agent is SiC and AlN
Mixture, the addition of the SiC is the 0.03~0.05% of aluminium alloy quality, and the addition of the AlN is aluminium alloy matter
The 0.03~0.05% of amount.
Preferably, step 4. mesometamorphism micronization processes when SiC and AlN are wrapped with aluminium foil after press-in aluminium alloy melt in,
Modifying-refining processing is carried out using ultrasonic wave stirring or electromagnetic agitation.
Preferably, the size of the pseudo- alloy powder particle is 200 μm~630 μm, is the pseudo- alloy water spray being directly sprayed into
Powder particles, need not move through simple substance powder and mix, and manufacture craft is more simpler than existing preparation technology, more efficient and cost
It is lower.The porosity of the pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component is 40%~50%.
Preferably, step 4. described in refining agent be model JA04C aluminum refining agent, the addition of the refining agent
Quality is the 0.3%~0.5% of aluminium alloy quality.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
1st, the piston matrix alloy in the present invention uses nanometer modifying-refining technology, and modification effect is far better than common phosphorus
Salt alterant, the primary silicon size after going bad is less than 35 μm, is greatly reduced compared with 50~70 μm mentioned in background technology, living
The mechanical property of plug is significantly improved；
2nd, the inner-cooling oil recess of piston uses squeeze cast form of ceramic salt core in the present invention, and the ceramic salt core is using cold
Isostatic pressing process is densified, and eliminates internal stress by high-temperature roasting, with high bearing capacity, so as to
Close Extrution casting technique and obtain the piston that structure meets requirement, the cleaning of ceramic salt core is convenient, is directly rinsed with high-pressure water heating
Remove to have cold chamber in obtaining；And the ceramic salt core manufacturing process is easy, producing efficiency is high, cost is low；
3rd, the alloying level of piston matrix elements Cu, Ni in the present invention are greatly improved compared with prior art, so that
The mechanical behavior under high temperature of piston is improved, meanwhile, Zr addition can refine the tissue and crystal grain of aluminium piston alloy, so as to enter one
Step improves the mechanical property of piston；
4th, annular groove position of the invention is prepared into the prefabricated of higher porosity using pseudo- alloy insert reinforcing material
Part, while piston press casting forming process, aluminum alloy melt oozes in the presence of mechanical pressure into the hole of prefabricated component
Diffusion, solidification, crystallization form composite thoroughly, enhance the reliability at piston ring groove position；
5th, the present invention is by the one-time formed single-piece piston blank of Extrution casting technique, and squeeze pressure can reach 120MPa,
Material inside organization is fine and close, and mechanical property is significantly improved, and process efficiency is high, and manufacturing cost is low；
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is technology flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the squeeze cast form mould structure signal of pseudo- alloy insert enhancing groove piston in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 strengthens groove piston blahk structure schematic diagram for the pseudo- alloy insert being molded in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is pseudo- alloy insert enhancing groove piston finished product structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Fig. 1~5, the pseudo- alloy with inner-cooling oil recess strengthens the preparation process of composite material piston such as in the present embodiment
Under：
1. aluminium alloys for pistons is prepared, the alloy compositions and mass percent are：Si：11.0%；Mg：0.8%；Cu：
3.0%；Ni：2.0%；Fe：0.1%；Ti：0.1%；Mn：0.01%；Zn：0.01%；Zr：0.01%；Cr, V, Pb and Ca are miscellaneous
Prime element total amount is no more than 0.5%, and remaining is Al；
2. pseudo- alloy prefabricated component is made, after the pseudo- alloy powder particle of configuration is mixed uniformly, suppresses, burn by mould
Knot, forms pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1；In percentage terms, above-mentioned pseudo- alloy powder particle includes following mass component：
C, O, S and P impurity element total amount are no more than 1.0%, and remaining is Fe；
3. inner-cooling oil recess ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 is made, ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 is first caused using isostatic cool pressing technique
Densification, isostatic cool pressing pressure 200MPa, dwell time 3min；Internal stress is removed by high-temperature roasting again, 710 DEG C, liter are heated to
Furnace cooling after warm 90 DEG C/h of speed, insulation 1.8h, furnace temperature is come out of the stove less than 150 DEG C；
4. melting is handled, and the aluminium alloys for pistons of preparation is put into melting furnace and melted, to the aluminium alloy after fusing
Refined, modifying-refining, refining treatment；
It is 720 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, the model JA04C produced using Sichuan Lan De high-tech industries Co., Ltd
Aluminum refining agent carries out refining treatment, and the addition quality of the refining agent is the 0.3% of aluminium alloy quality；
It is 740 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, modifying-refining processing, nanometer fining agent is carried out using nanometer modifying-refining technique
The addition that SiC addition is 0.03%, AlN of aluminium alloy quality is the 0.03% of aluminium alloy quality, by two kinds of fining agents
Aluminium alloy melt is pressed into after being wrapped with aluminium foil, modifying-refining processing is carried out using ultrasonic wave stirring；
It is 730 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, the model JA04C produced using Sichuan Lan De high-tech industries Co., Ltd
Aluminum refining agent carries out refining treatment, stands 15 minutes；It is 720 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, it is to be cast；
5. prefabricated component is preheated, and the pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1 prepared is put into the electrothermal furnace of 280 DEG C of temperature and carried out in advance
Heat, preheating time is 2h；The ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 prepared is put into the electrothermal furnace of 480 DEG C of temperature and preheated, is preheated
Time is 2h；
6. mould is preheated, and the drift 2 of mould, internal model 3, core print 5 are preheating into 200 DEG C before extrusion casint；
7. extrusion casint, preheated pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1 and ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 are fixed in mould
On mould 3, processed good aluminum alloy melt is poured into mold cavity, aluminum alloy melt pouring temperature is 730 DEG C, closed die drift
2, pressurizeed, pressurize pressure 130MPa, aluminum alloy melt is penetrated into the hole of prefabricated component 1, after aluminum alloy melt solidifies completely,
Pseudo- alloy insert composite 1a is formed, release ejects core print 5, takes out casting；
8. inner-cooling oil recess is cleared up, using the water under high pressure of 0.3MPa pressure, 40 DEG C of water temperature removes ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4, shape
Into piston inner-cooling oil recess 4a, that is, obtain the pseudo- alloy insert composite material piston blank of annular groove enhancing with cooling oil chamber；
9. piston blank is heat-treated, solid solution temperature is 500 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 5.5h, is carried out in 60 DEG C of water
Quenching Treatment, transfer time of the piston blank from aluminium alloy quenching furnace to tank is less than 30s, piston blank solution treatment to timeliness
The holding time of processing is less than 2h, and aging temperature is 200 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 7.5h, air cooling after coming out of the stove；
10. piston blank part is machined and is surface-treated, obtain the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite wood with inner-cooling oil recess
Expect piston.
The pseudo- alloy insert composite material piston of the enhancing of the annular groove with inner-cooling oil recess obtained by the present embodiment, concrete structure
As shown in Figure 5, piston inner-cooling oil recess is smooth, without hindrance plug thing；Dense internal organization, no casting flaw；Piston ring groove is closed using pseudo-
Golden insert reinforcing material wearability is better than high nickel cast iron insert, and bond strength is significantly improved；Inner-cooling oil recess uses high-pressure resistant ceramic
Squeeze cast form of salt core, manufacture cleaning technology is easy, and producing efficiency is high, and cost is low；Using nanometer modifying-refining technology,
Primary silicon size after rotten is between 10~35 μm, and primary silicon size is more tiny, and mechanical property is significantly improved.
Embodiment 2：
As shown in Fig. 1~5, the pseudo- alloy with inner-cooling oil recess strengthens the preparation process of composite material piston such as in the present embodiment
Under：
1. aluminium alloys for pistons is prepared, the alloy compositions and mass percent are：Si：12.0%；Mg：1.0%；Cu：
4.0%；Ni：2.5%；Fe：0.2%；Ti：0.15%；Mn：0.1%；Zn：0.1%；Zr：0.1%；Cr, V, Pb and Can impurity
Element total amount is no more than 0.5%, and remaining is Al；
2. pseudo- alloy prefabricated component is made, after the pseudo- alloy powder particle of configuration is mixed uniformly, suppresses, burn by mould
Knot, forms pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1；In percentage terms, above-mentioned pseudo- alloy powder particle includes following mass component：
C, O, S and P impurity element total amount are no more than 1.0%, and remaining is Fe；
3. inner-cooling oil recess ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 is made, ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 is first caused using isostatic cool pressing technique
Densification, isostatic cool pressing pressure 190MPa, dwell time 4min；Internal stress is removed by high-temperature roasting again, 715 DEG C, liter are heated to
Furnace cooling after warm 95 DEG C/h of speed, insulation 1.9h, furnace temperature is come out of the stove less than 150 DEG C；
4. melting is handled, and the aluminium alloys for pistons of preparation is put into melting furnace and melted, to the aluminium alloy after fusing
Refined, modifying-refining, refining treatment；
It is 730 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, the model JA04C produced using Sichuan Lan De high-tech industries Co., Ltd
Aluminum refining agent carries out refining treatment, and the addition quality of the refining agent is the 0.5% of aluminium alloy quality；
It is 745 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, modifying-refining processing, nanometer fining agent is carried out using nanometer modifying-refining technique
The addition that SiC addition is 0.04%, AlN of aluminium alloy quality is the 0.04% of aluminium alloy quality, by two kinds of fining agents
Aluminium alloy melt is pressed into after being wrapped with aluminium foil, modifying-refining processing is carried out using ultrasonic wave stirring；
It is 735 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, the model JA04C produced using Sichuan Lan De high-tech industries Co., Ltd
Aluminum refining agent carries out refining treatment, stands 20 minutes；It is 725 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, it is to be cast；
5. prefabricated component is preheated, and the pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1 prepared is put into the electrothermal furnace of 290 DEG C of temperature and carried out in advance
Heat, preheating time 1.5h；The ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 prepared is put into the electrothermal furnace of 490 DEG C of temperature and preheated, is preheated
Time 1.5h；
6. mould is preheated, and the drift 2 of mould, internal model 3, core print 5 are preheating into 220 DEG C before extrusion casint；
7. extrusion casint, preheated pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1 and ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 are fixed in mould
On mould 3, processed good aluminum alloy melt is poured into mold cavity, aluminum alloy melt pouring temperature is 735 DEG C, closed die drift
2, pressurizeed, pressurize pressure 140MPa, aluminum alloy melt is penetrated into the hole of prefabricated component 1, after aluminum alloy melt solidifies completely,
Pseudo- alloy insert composite 1a is formed, release ejects core print 5, takes out casting；
8. inner-cooling oil recess is cleared up, using the water under high pressure of 0.4MPa pressure, 45 DEG C of water temperature removes ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4, shape
Into piston inner-cooling oil recess 4a, that is, obtain the annular groove enhancing composite material piston blank with cooling oil chamber；
9. piston blank is heat-treated, solid solution temperature is 500 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 6h, is quenched in 70 DEG C of water
Fire processing, transfer time of the piston blank from aluminium alloy quenching furnace to tank is less than at 30s, piston blank solution treatment to timeliness
The holding time of reason is less than 2h, and aging temperature is 200 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 8h, air cooling after coming out of the stove；
10. piston blank part is machined and is surface-treated, obtain the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite wood with inner-cooling oil recess
Expect piston.
In the present embodiment obtained by with inner-cooling oil recess annular groove enhancing composite material piston, concrete structure as shown in Figure 5,
Piston inner-cooling oil recess is smooth, without hindrance plug thing；Dense internal organization, no casting flaw；Piston ring groove is using pseudo- alloy insert enhancing
Material wear ability is better than high nickel cast iron insert, and bond strength is significantly improved；Inner-cooling oil recess is once squeezed using high-pressure resistant ceramic salt core
Casting is pressed, manufacture cleaning technology is easy, and producing efficiency is high, and cost is low；It is first after going bad using nanometer modifying-refining technology
Grain size is between 10~35 μm, and primary silicon size is more tiny, and mechanical property is significantly improved.
Embodiment 3：
As shown in Fig. 1~5, the pseudo- alloy with inner-cooling oil recess strengthens the preparation process of composite material piston such as in the present embodiment
Under：
1. aluminium alloys for pistons is prepared, the alloy compositions and mass percent are：Si：13.0%；Mg：1.2；Cu：
5.0%；Ni：3.0%；Fe：0.3%；Ti：0.2%；Mn：0.2%；Zn：0.2%；Zr：0.2%；Cr, V, Pb and Can impurity
Element total amount is no more than 0.5%, and remaining is Al；
2. pseudo- alloy prefabricated component is made, after the pseudo- alloy powder particle of configuration is mixed uniformly, suppresses, burn by mould
Knot, forms pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1；In percentage terms, above-mentioned pseudo- alloy powder particle includes following mass component：
C, O, S and P impurity element total amount are no more than 1.0%, and remaining is Fe；
3. inner-cooling oil recess ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 is made, ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 is first caused using isostatic cool pressing technique
Densification, isostatic cool pressing pressure 200MPa, dwell time 5min；Internal stress is removed by high-temperature roasting again, 720 DEG C, liter are heated to
Furnace cooling after warm 100 DEG C/h of speed, insulation 2h, furnace temperature is come out of the stove less than 150 DEG C；
4. melting is handled, and the aluminium alloys for pistons of preparation is put into melting furnace and melted, to the aluminium alloy after fusing
Refined, modifying-refining, refining treatment；
It is 740 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, the model JA04C produced using Sichuan Lan De high-tech industries Co., Ltd
Aluminum refining agent carries out refining treatment, and the addition quality of the refining agent is the 0.4% of aluminium alloy quality；
It is 750 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, modifying-refining processing, nanometer fining agent is carried out using nanometer modifying-refining technique
The addition that SiC addition is 0.05%, AlN of aluminium alloy quality is the 0.05% of aluminium alloy quality, by two kinds of fining agents
Aluminium alloy melt is pressed into after being wrapped with aluminium foil, modifying-refining processing is carried out using ultrasonic wave stirring；
5. prefabricated component is preheated, and the pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1 prepared is put into the electrothermal furnace of 300 DEG C of temperature and carried out in advance
Heat, preheating time 1.8h；The ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 prepared is put into the electrothermal furnace of 500 DEG C of temperature and preheated, is preheated
Time 1.8h；
6. mould is preheated, and the drift 2 of mould, internal model 3, core print 5 are preheating into 250 DEG C before extrusion casint；
7. extrusion casint, preheated pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component 1 and ceramic salt core prefabricated component 4 are fixed in mould
On mould 3, processed good aluminum alloy melt is poured into mold cavity, aluminum alloy melt pouring temperature is 740 DEG C, closed die drift
2, pressurizeed, pressurize pressure 150MPa, aluminum alloy melt is penetrated into the hole of prefabricated component 1, after aluminum alloy melt solidifies completely,
Composite 1a is formed, release ejects core print 5, takes out casting；
8. inner-cooling oil recess is cleared up, using the water under high pressure of 0.5MPa pressure, 50 DEG C of removing pressure-resistant soluble salt cores of high intensity of water temperature
4, piston inner-cooling oil recess 4a is formed, that is, obtains the annular groove enhancing composite material piston blank with cooling oil chamber；
9. piston blank is heat-treated, solid solution temperature is 500 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 6.5h, is carried out in 80 DEG C of water
Quenching Treatment, transfer time of the piston blank from aluminium alloy quenching furnace to tank is less than 30s, piston blank solution treatment to timeliness
The holding time of processing is less than 2h, and aging temperature is 200 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 8.5h, air cooling after coming out of the stove；
10. piston blank part is machined and is surface-treated, obtain the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite wood with inner-cooling oil recess
Expect piston.
In the present embodiment obtained by with inner-cooling oil recess annular groove enhancing composite material piston, concrete structure as shown in Figure 5,
Piston inner-cooling oil recess is smooth, without hindrance plug thing；Dense internal organization, no casting flaw；Piston ring groove is using pseudo- alloy insert enhancing
Material wear ability is better than high nickel cast iron insert, and bond strength is significantly improved；Inner-cooling oil recess is once squeezed using high-pressure resistant ceramic salt core
Casting is pressed, manufacture cleaning technology is easy, and producing efficiency is high, and cost is low；It is first after going bad using nanometer modifying-refining technology
Grain size is between 10~35 μm, and primary silicon size is more tiny, and mechanical property is significantly improved.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method with inner-cooling oil recess, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1. aluminium alloys for pistons is prepared, in percentage terms, the alloy includes following mass components：
Cr, V, Pb and Ca impurity element total amount are no more than 0.5%, and remaining is Al；
2. pseudo- alloy prefabricated component is made, after pseudo- alloy powder particle is mixed uniformly, suppresses, sinter by mould, pseudo- close is formed
Golden insert prefabricated component (1)；In percentage terms, above-mentioned pseudo- alloy powder particle includes following mass component：
C, O, S and P impurity element total amount are no more than 1.0%, and remaining is Fe；
3. inner-cooling oil recess ceramic salt core prefabricated component is made, the ceramic salt core prefabricated component first carries out fine and close using isostatic cool pressing technique
Change, then removing internal stress by high-temperature roasting obtains；
4. melting is handled, and the aluminium alloys for pistons of preparation is put into melting furnace and melted, to the aluminium alloy after fusing successively
Refined, modifying-refining, refining treatment；
It is 720 DEG C~740 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, refining treatment is carried out using refining agent；
It is 740 DEG C~750 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, modifying-refining processing is carried out using nanometer modifying-refining technique；
It is 730 DEG C~740 DEG C by temperature of aluminum liquid control, refining treatment is carried out using refining agent, stands 15~30 minutes；And by aluminium
Liquid temperature control is 720 DEG C~730 DEG C, to be cast；
5. prefabricated component is preheated, and the pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component prepared is put into 280 DEG C~300 DEG C of electrothermal furnace and carried out in advance
Heat, preheating time is not less than 1h；The ceramic salt core prefabricated component prepared is put into 480 DEG C~500 DEG C of electrothermal furnace and carried out in advance
Heat, preheating time is not less than 1h；
6. mould is preheated, and the drift of mould, internal model, core print are preheating into 200 DEG C~250 DEG C before extrusion casint；
7. extrusion casint, preheated pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component and ceramic salt core prefabricated component is separately fixed at the internal model of mould
On, pouring into processed good aluminum alloy melt into mold cavity, aluminum alloy melt pouring temperature is 730 DEG C~740 DEG C, closed die
Drift, is pressurizeed, and pressurization pressure 130MPa~150MPa, aluminum alloy melt is penetrated into the hole of pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component,
After forming pseudo- alloy insert composite after aluminum alloy melt completely solidification, release ejects core print, takes out casting；
8. inner-cooling oil recess is cleared up, uses 0.3MPa~0.5MPa, water temperature to remove ceramic salt core for 40 DEG C~50 DEG C of water under high pressure pre-
Product, forms piston inner-cooling oil recess, that is, obtains the pseudo- alloy insert composite material piston blank of annular groove enhancing with cooling oil chamber；
9. piston blank is heat-treated, solid solution temperature is 500 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 5.5~6.5h；At 60 DEG C~80 DEG C
Quenching Treatment is carried out in water, transfer time of the piston blank from aluminium alloy quenching furnace to tank is less than at 30s, piston blank solid solution
Manage to the holding time of Ageing Treatment and be less than 2h, aging temperature is 200 ± 5 DEG C, is incubated 7.5~8.5h, air cooling after coming out of the stove；
10. piston blank part is machined and is surface-treated, obtained the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite with inner-cooling oil recess and live
Plug.
2. the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method according to claim 1 with inner-cooling oil recess, its feature exists
In：The ceramic salt core prefabricated component uses the isostatic cool pressing pressure that isostatic cool pressing technique is densified for 190~200MPa, protects
The pressure time is 3min~5min.
3. the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method according to claim 1 with inner-cooling oil recess, its feature exists
In：When the ceramic salt core prefabricated component removes internal stress by high-temperature roasting, 710 DEG C~720 DEG C are heated to, programming rate is 90
~100 DEG C/h, furnace cooling after 1.8~2h is incubated, furnace temperature is come out of the stove less than 150 DEG C.
4. the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method according to claim 1 with inner-cooling oil recess, its feature exists
In：4. mesometamorphism micronization processes use nanometer fining agent, the mixture that this nanometer of fining agent is SiC and AlN, the SiC to step
Addition be the 0.03~0.05% of aluminium alloy quality, the addition of the AlN is the 0.03~0.05% of aluminium alloy quality.
5. the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method according to claim 4 with inner-cooling oil recess, its feature exists
In：Step 4. mesometamorphism micronization processes when SiC and AlN are wrapped with aluminium foil after press-in aluminium alloy melt in, stirred using ultrasonic wave
Mix or electromagnetic agitation carries out modifying-refining processing.
6. the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method according to claim 1 with inner-cooling oil recess, its feature exists
In：The size of the pseudo- alloy powder particle is 200 μm~630 μm, and the porosity of the pseudo- alloy insert prefabricated component is 40%
~50%.
7. the pseudo- alloy enhancing composite material piston manufacture method according to claim 1 with inner-cooling oil recess, its feature exists
In：Step 4. described in refining agent be model JA04C aluminum refining agent, the addition quality of the refining agent is aluminium alloy
The 0.3%~0.5% of quality.
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| CN105695812B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-12-01 | 广西平果铝合金精密铸件有限公司 | A kind of engine body pack alloy and its production technology |
| CN106378593B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-10-02 | 安徽省恒泰动力科技有限公司 | A kind of piston processing method |
| CN106925749B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2019-01-25 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | The preparation method of the high pressure resistant salt core of extrusion casint aluminum piston |
| CN107030456B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2023-08-04 | 滨州东海龙活塞有限公司 | Manufacturing process of combined piston |
| CN111304500B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-12-17 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Cast aluminum alloy for high-power-density piston and preparation method thereof |
| CN112662906A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-04-16 | 山东振挺精工活塞有限公司 | Heat treatment process for aluminum alloy M174+ material piston |
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| CN103846409B (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2016-03-23 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | A kind of preparation method of the fibre reinforced composites piston peculiar to vessel with cooling oil chamber |
| CN103042195B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-10-29 | 北方材料科学与工程研究院有限公司 | Extrusion casting manufacture method of piston with reinforced pseudo-alloy circular groove |
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