CN107030456B - Manufacturing process of combined piston - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of combined piston Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107030456B CN107030456B CN201710179249.7A CN201710179249A CN107030456B CN 107030456 B CN107030456 B CN 107030456B CN 201710179249 A CN201710179249 A CN 201710179249A CN 107030456 B CN107030456 B CN 107030456B
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- Prior art keywords
- piston
- piston head
- aluminum alloy
- skirt
- manufacturing
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/10—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0084—Pistons the pistons being constructed from specific materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
- F02F2200/04—Forging of engine parts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a technical scheme of a manufacturing process of a combined piston, wherein a forged piston head is used as a bottom die of an extrusion die after rough machining, the piston head and a heated aluminum alloy bar are sequentially placed into the extrusion die, and an integral body is formed through an extrusion procedure. According to the invention, the piston skirt and the piston head are connected to form a whole in a high-temperature extrusion mode, and the tensile strength, metallographic structure and volume stability of the piston are obviously improved in the extrusion process. The expansion coefficient of the piston head is smaller than that of the piston skirt, and the piston head is tightly wrapped on the piston skirt all the time in the working process, so that the connection is more reliable, the use is safer, and the high-temperature resistance effect is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machining process, in particular to a manufacturing process of a combined piston.
Background
The piston is called the heart of the engine. When the engine works, the piston is directly contacted with high-temperature gas with the instantaneous temperature of 2200 ℃, the top temperature of the piston reaches 300-400 ℃, and the piston bears alternating mechanical load and thermal load, so that the piston is one of key parts with worst working conditions in the engine. The piston is used for bearing gas pressure and transmitting the gas pressure to the connecting rod through the piston pin shaft to drive the crankshaft to rotate, and the failure of the piston can lead to the loss of power of the engine and even the rejection of the whole engine. In recent decades, engine design and manufacturing technology are rapidly improved, particularly diesel engines are developed towards high power and high load directions, the strengthening degree is continuously improved, the explosive force is more than 20MPa, meanwhile, the emission requirement is more and more strict, the original aluminum piston has the advantage of light weight, but the aluminum alloy material can only stably work at 350 ℃, so that the aluminum piston can not meet the requirements of some high power engines, and the integral forging steel piston and the cast iron piston are produced for solving the problems, but the integral forging steel piston and the cast iron piston are difficult to process due to the defects of high density and the like, and mass production is difficult to achieve in a short time.
Combining the advantages of both aluminum pistons and forged steel pistons, a steel top aluminum skirt piston appears, one is a hinged piston with a steel head and an aluminum skirt connected through a piston pin, the hinged piston can swing freely in the working process of an engine, the movement rule of the piston is complex in the working process, and the piston is gradually eliminated in developed countries because the piston head is contacted with the cylinder wall to increase the abrasion of the cylinder. The other is a combined piston with a piston head and a skirt connected through bolts, and the bolts penetrate through the piston skirt, so that the strength of the piston is reduced, the possibility that nuts fall off exists, and the risk of connection failure is increased. With the increase of explosion pressure, the steel top aluminum skirt piston meets the requirement on the top, but the strength of the piston pin hole part cannot meet the requirement due to the fact that the piston skirt part is mainly cast by gravity. In addition, a large amount of electric energy is needed in the smelting and pouring heat preservation processes of the aluminum alloy, raw materials in the smelting process are seriously burnt and volatilized to generate harmful substances, and the harmful substances are harmful to human bodies. This is a disadvantage of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a technical scheme of a combined piston aiming at the defects existing in the prior art.
The scheme is realized by the following technical measures: a manufacturing process of a combined piston comprises the steps of carrying out rough machining on a forged piston head, placing the rough machined piston head on a bottom die of an extrusion die, placing heated aluminum alloy bars on the piston head, directly extruding the aluminum alloy bars, and finally forming a piston whole.
The invention may be operated by the following steps,
step one, quenching and modulating a forged piston head blank;
step two, processing an annular oil groove, a joint part of the piston head and the piston skirt, a connecting blind hole and a vent hole on the piston head;
step three, pressing the salt cores prepared according to the component ratio into the processed annular oil groove;
step four, turning off redundant salt cores, and processing internal threads on the side wall of the annular oil groove;
step five, baking and heating the head of the piston, and removing water in the salt core;
step six, putting the piston head obtained in the step five on a bottom die of an extrusion die, putting the heated aluminum alloy bar on the piston head, directly extruding the aluminum alloy bar to form a piston inner cavity and a skirt short shaft to deviate outwards, and combining the piston head and a piston skirt into a whole;
drilling an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole, punching a salt core in the cooling oil cavity to form the cooling oil cavity, and obtaining a piston blank;
and step eight, performing heat treatment, machining, surface treatment and the like on the piston blank, and finally obtaining the finished piston.
The invention may be operated by the following steps,
step one, quenching and modulating a forged piston head blank;
step two, processing an annular oil groove, a joint part of the piston head and the piston skirt, a connecting blind hole and a vent hole on the piston head;
step three, processing internal threads on the side wall of the annular oil groove;
installing an oil duct partition plate at the upper end of the internal thread;
fifthly, baking and heating the piston head with the oil duct partition plate;
step six, putting the piston head obtained in the step five on a bottom die of an extrusion die, putting the heated aluminum alloy bar on the piston head, directly extruding the aluminum alloy bar to form a cooling oil cavity, a piston inner cavity and a skirt short shaft, outwards deflecting, and combining the piston head and a piston skirt into a whole;
drilling an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole on the oil duct partition plate to obtain a piston blank;
and step eight, performing heat treatment, machining, surface treatment and the like on the piston blank, and finally obtaining the finished piston.
A further development of the invention provides that the piston head is made of steel, iron or other composite material and the piston skirt is made of aluminum alloy.
The invention further improves, the piston head adopts 42CrMo, and the piston skirt adopts 4A11 aluminum bars.
A further development of the invention provides that the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar is 445 to 455 ℃.
A further improvement of the invention is that the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar is 450 ℃.
The invention further improves that a press machine is adopted to extrude the heated aluminum alloy bar stock.
The beneficial effects of the scheme can be known according to the description of the scheme, the piston skirt and the piston head are connected to form a whole in a high-temperature extrusion mode, and the tensile strength, the metallographic structure and the volume stability of the piston are obviously improved in the extrusion process. The expansion coefficient of the piston head is smaller than that of the piston skirt, and the piston head is tightly wrapped on the piston skirt all the time in the working process, so that the connection is more reliable, the use is safer, and the high-temperature resistance effect is obviously improved.
It is seen that the present invention provides substantial features and improvements over the prior art, as well as significant advantages in its practice.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure for processing using an extrusion die.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite piston of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the piston head blank of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the left-hand cross-sectional structure of fig. 2.
In the figure, 1 is a piston head, 2 is a piston skirt, 3 is a press ram, 4 is a bottom die, 5 is a salt core, 6 is a cooling oil cavity, 7 is an oil ring groove, 8 is a gas ring groove, 9 is an oil inlet hole, 10 is a pin hole, 11 is an annular oil groove, 12 is a vent hole, 13 is an internal thread, 14 is a connecting blind hole, 15 is a joint part of the piston head and the piston skirt, and 16 is an oil outlet hole.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is described below by means of a specific embodiment in combination with the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment:
a manufacturing process of a combined piston comprises the steps of carrying out rough machining on a forged piston head 1, placing the rough machined piston head 1 on a bottom die 4 of an extrusion die, placing heated aluminum alloy bars on the piston head 1, directly extruding the aluminum alloy bars, and finally forming a piston whole.
Specifically, the manufacturing process of the novel piston sequentially comprises the following steps,
step one, quenching and modulating a forged piston head blank;
step two, processing an annular oil groove 11, a joint part 15 of the piston head and the piston skirt part, a connecting blind hole 14 and a vent hole 12 on the piston head 1;
step three, pressing the salt cores 5 prepared according to the component ratio into the processed annular oil groove 11;
step four, turning off the redundant salt cores 5, and processing internal threads 13 on the side wall of the annular oil groove 11;
step five, baking and heating the piston head 1, and removing water in the salt core 5;
step six, putting the piston head 1 obtained in the step five on a bottom die 4 of an extrusion die, putting a heated aluminum alloy bar stock on the piston head 1, directly extruding the aluminum alloy bar stock to form a piston inner cavity and a skirt short shaft which are outwards deviated (blank surface window which is not processed in the direction of the piston short shaft), and combining the piston head 1 and the piston skirt 2 into a whole;
step seven, drilling an oil inlet hole 9 and an oil outlet hole 16, punching a salt core 5 in the cooling oil cavity 6 to form the cooling oil cavity 6, and obtaining a piston blank;
and step eight, performing heat treatment, machining, surface treatment and the like on the piston blank, and finally obtaining the finished piston.
In the scheme, a press machine is adopted to extrude the heated aluminum alloy bar stock. The piston head 1 is made of steel, iron or other composite materials, the piston skirt 2 is made of aluminum alloy, further, the piston head 1 is preferably made of 42CrMo, and the piston skirt 2 is preferably made of 4A11 aluminum bars. The heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar is 445-455 ℃, and further, the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar is preferably 450 ℃.
The second embodiment:
a manufacturing process of a combined piston comprises the steps of carrying out rough machining on a forged piston head 1, placing the rough machined piston head 1 on a bottom die 4 of an extrusion die, placing heated aluminum alloy bars on the piston head 1, directly extruding the aluminum alloy bars, and finally forming a piston whole.
Specifically, the manufacturing process of the novel piston sequentially comprises the following steps,
step one, quenching and modulating a forged piston head blank;
step two, processing an annular oil groove 11, a joint part 15 of the piston head and the piston skirt part, a connecting blind hole 14 and a vent hole 12 on the piston head 1;
step three, processing internal threads 13 on the side wall of the annular oil groove 11;
installing an oil duct partition plate at the upper end of the internal thread 13;
step five, baking and heating the piston head 1 with the oil duct partition plate;
step six, putting the piston head 1 obtained in the step five on a bottom die 4 of an extrusion die, putting a heated aluminum alloy bar on the piston head 1, directly extruding the aluminum alloy bar to form a cooling oil cavity 6, a piston inner cavity and a skirt short shaft outside (blank surface window which is not processed in the direction of the piston short shaft), and combining the piston head 1 and the piston skirt 2 into a whole;
step seven, drilling an oil inlet hole 9 and an oil outlet hole 16 on the oil duct partition plate to obtain a piston blank;
and step eight, performing heat treatment, machining, surface treatment and the like on the piston blank, and finally obtaining the finished piston.
In the scheme, a press machine is adopted to extrude the heated aluminum alloy bar stock. The piston head 1 is made of steel, iron or other composite materials, the piston skirt 2 is made of aluminum alloy, further, the piston head 1 is preferably made of 42CrMo, and the piston skirt 2 is preferably made of 4A11 aluminum bars. The heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar is 445-455 ℃, and further, the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar is preferably 450 ℃.
Because the heat conductivity coefficient of the aluminum alloy material of the piston skirt 2 is about 3 times that of the steel material, the piston head 1 can be arranged to be very thin and reach 1.5mm in order to enable heat in the combustion chamber to be quickly transferred to the inner cavity of the piston, and processing materials and cost are saved. In addition, the lower end of the cooling oil duct is made of aluminum alloy material, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the oil duct can be improved.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variations or modifications may be made without the benefit of the teachings of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A manufacturing process of a combined piston is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence,
step one, quenching and modulating a forged piston head blank;
step two, processing an annular oil groove (11), a joint part (15) of the piston head and the piston skirt part, a connecting blind hole (14) and a vent hole (12) on the piston head (1);
step three, pressing the salt cores (5) prepared according to the component ratio into the processed annular oil groove (11);
fourthly, turning off the redundant salt cores (5), and processing internal threads (13) on the side wall of the annular oil groove (11);
step five, baking and heating the piston head (1) to remove the water in the salt core (5);
step six, putting the piston head (1) obtained in the step five on a bottom die (4) of an extrusion die, putting the heated aluminum alloy bar stock on the piston head (1), directly extruding the aluminum alloy bar stock to form a piston inner cavity and a skirt short shaft to deviate outwards, and combining the piston head (1) and a piston skirt (2) into a whole;
drilling an oil inlet hole (9) and an oil outlet hole (16), punching a salt core (5) in the cooling oil cavity (6) to form the cooling oil cavity (6), and obtaining a piston blank;
and step eight, performing heat treatment, machining and surface treatment on the piston blank, and finally obtaining the finished piston.
2. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 1, wherein: the piston head (1) is made of steel or iron, and the piston skirt (2) is made of aluminum alloy.
3. The manufacturing process of the combined piston according to claim 2, wherein: the piston head (1) adopts 42CrMo, and the piston skirt (2) adopts 4A11 aluminum bars.
4. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 1, wherein: the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar stock is 445-455 ℃.
5. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 4, wherein: the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar stock is 450 ℃.
6. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 1, wherein: and extruding the heated aluminum alloy bar by using a press machine.
7. A manufacturing process of a combined piston is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, quenching and modulating a forged piston head blank;
step two, processing an annular oil groove (11), a joint part (15) of the piston head and the piston skirt part, a connecting blind hole (14) and a vent hole (12) on the piston head (1);
step three, processing internal threads (13) on the side wall of the annular oil groove (11);
fourthly, installing an oil duct partition plate at the upper end of the internal thread (13);
fifthly, baking and heating the piston head (1) with the oil duct partition plate;
step six, putting the piston head (1) obtained in the step five on a bottom die (4) of an extrusion die, putting the heated aluminum alloy bar stock on the piston head (1), directly extruding the aluminum alloy bar stock to form a cooling oil cavity (6), a piston inner cavity and a skirt short shaft, and enabling the piston head (1) and the piston skirt (2) to be combined into a whole;
step seven, drilling an oil inlet hole (9) and an oil outlet hole (16) on the oil duct partition plate to obtain a piston blank;
and step eight, performing heat treatment, machining and surface treatment on the piston blank, and finally obtaining the finished piston.
8. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 7, wherein: the piston head (1) is made of steel or iron, and the piston skirt (2) is made of aluminum alloy.
9. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 8, wherein: the piston head (1) adopts 42CrMo, and the piston skirt (2) adopts 4A11 aluminum bars.
10. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 7, wherein: the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar stock is 445-455 ℃.
11. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 10, wherein: the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar stock is 450 ℃.
12. The process for manufacturing a composite piston according to claim 11, wherein: and extruding the heated aluminum alloy bar by using a press machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710179249.7A CN107030456B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Manufacturing process of combined piston |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710179249.7A CN107030456B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Manufacturing process of combined piston |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107030456A CN107030456A (en) | 2017-08-11 |
| CN107030456B true CN107030456B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710179249.7A Active CN107030456B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Manufacturing process of combined piston |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113236435B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-22 | 中内凯思汽车新动力系统有限公司 | High-performance friction welding cast iron piston and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102205409A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-10-05 | 上海交通大学 | Method for manufacturing compound piston blank used for internal combustion engine |
| CN102397968A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-04-04 | 洛阳秦汉冷锻有限公司 | Dissimilar metal composite piston and forging technology thereof and die for forging |
| CN103862024A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-18 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Aluminum-aluminum composite piston and preparation method thereof |
| CN105200276A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-30 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Method for manufacturing pseudo-alloy reinforced composite material piston with internal cooling oil cavity |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1943915A (en) * | 2005-10-08 | 2007-04-11 | 山东滨州渤海活塞股份有限公司 | Method for casting piston blank with inner cooling path by liquid state extruding casting process |
-
2017
- 2017-03-23 CN CN201710179249.7A patent/CN107030456B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102205409A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-10-05 | 上海交通大学 | Method for manufacturing compound piston blank used for internal combustion engine |
| CN102397968A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-04-04 | 洛阳秦汉冷锻有限公司 | Dissimilar metal composite piston and forging technology thereof and die for forging |
| CN103862024A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-18 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Aluminum-aluminum composite piston and preparation method thereof |
| CN105200276A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-30 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Method for manufacturing pseudo-alloy reinforced composite material piston with internal cooling oil cavity |
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| CN107030456A (en) | 2017-08-11 |
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