CN112028593A - Aqueous (water-based) inorganic infiltration crystallization waterproof material - Google Patents
Aqueous (water-based) inorganic infiltration crystallization waterproof material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112028593A CN112028593A CN202010957727.4A CN202010957727A CN112028593A CN 112028593 A CN112028593 A CN 112028593A CN 202010957727 A CN202010957727 A CN 202010957727A CN 112028593 A CN112028593 A CN 112028593A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00008—Obtaining or using nanotechnology related materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an aqueous (water-based) inorganic infiltration crystallization waterproof material, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid: 10-20 parts; sodium silicate solution: 10-30 parts; silica sol: 5-10 parts; sodium hydroxide: 3-5 parts; water: 35-72 parts; penetrant: 0.1 to 0.5 portion. Its advantages are: when the waterproof material is used, active compounds in the material permeate into concrete, a large number of water-insoluble long-chain crystals are formed in pores and cracks, and capillary channels are filled and blocked, so that the concrete is compact and waterproof, and the aim of permanently preventing water on the inner surface and the outer surface or the body of a concrete structure is fulfilled. The method can be applied to waterproof and leak-stopping engineering of wall bodies, roofs, kitchens, toilets, floors, tunnels, civil air defense engineering, subways, swimming pools, sewage pools, large water storage tanks and other engineering of new and old concrete and brick surface structures.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of waterproof engineering, in particular to a water-based inorganic infiltration crystalline waterproof material.
Background
Active substances used by the existing waterproof and impervious technology/product are generally water glass, complexing agents and the like, silane additives are more, most of raw materials are organic matters, and the effect is mainly surface film forming and hydrophobicity. When in use, free calcium ions in the cement base material are complexed by the complexing agent, so that the purposes of controlling the reaction speed and forming an insoluble crystallization product are achieved. Because the concentration of free soluble calcium ions in the cement base material is not high, the quantity of formed crystallization insoluble substances is limited at the pore position of the cement base material, and a continuous dendritic crystal product is difficult to form, so that a long period of time is needed after construction to achieve the waterproof and anti-permeability effects.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a water-based inorganic infiltration crystallization waterproof material and a preparation method thereof. When the waterproof agent is used, the active compound permeates into concrete to form a large amount of water-insoluble long-chain crystals in pores and cracks to fill and block capillary channels, so that the concrete is compact and waterproof, and the aim of permanently preventing water on the inner surface and the outer surface or the body of various concrete structures is fulfilled. The method can be applied to waterproof and leak-stopping engineering of wall bodies, roofs, kitchens, toilets, floors, tunnels, civil air defense engineering, subways, swimming pools, sewage pools, large water storage tanks and other engineering of new and old concrete and brick surface structures.
The following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
a waterproof material for concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid: 10-20 parts; sodium silicate solution: 10-30 parts; silica sol: 5-10 parts; sodium hydroxide: 3-5 parts; water: 35-72 parts; penetrant: 0.1 to 0.5 portion.
Further, the solid content of the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid is 10% -20%, the solid content of the sodium silicate solution is 20% -40%, and the solid content of the silica sol is 20% -40%.
Further, the solid content of the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid is 15%, the solid content of the sodium silicate solution is 30%, and the solid content of the silica sol is 30%.
Further, the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid is prepared by using calcium oxide and nano fumed silica as main raw materials, water as a dispersion medium and polyethylene glycol as a dispersing agent.
Further, the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 400.
Furthermore, in the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid, the silicon-calcium ratio is 1.8, the water-solid ratio is 80-90:10-20, and the addition amount of polyethylene glycol 400 is 0.2%.
Further, the osmotic agent is JFC.
The preparation method of the waterproof material comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium silicate with water to obtain a mixed solution;
dissolving sodium hydroxide in the mixed solution to obtain a secondary mixed solution;
and adding silica sol, nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid and penetrating agent into the secondary mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the waterproof material.
Further, the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid is prepared by adopting calcium oxide and nano fumed silica as main raw materials, water as a dispersion medium and polyethylene glycol 400 as a dispersing agent through a low-temperature normal-pressure hydrothermal synthesis method.
Further, the preparation method of the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid comprises the following steps:
adding water into a hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle, respectively adding fumed silica and calcium oxide, uniformly stirring, adding a dispersing agent, and performing hydrolysis and emulsification;
sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 55-65 ℃, and preserving heat for 8-12 hours;
and after the heat preservation is finished, filtering the mixed solution after the reaction by using a 200-mesh screen to obtain the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid.
The beneficial effect of this application is as follows:
the waterproof material provided by the application is capable of generating chemical reaction with certain components in concrete after special active substances contained in the waterproof material permeate into a concrete base material to generate high-strength undecomposed permanent crystals, wherein the diameter of the single crystal is about a few to dozens of nanometers, micro-pores in the base material can be effectively sealed, the self-waterproofing of the structure is realized, and the cast-in-place concrete pouring structure can achieve the performance of a prefabricated member. Be different from traditional waterproof material and form physics nature separation waterproof with the interface of plus, the waterproof material that this application provided grows out in concrete substrate defect through chemical reaction with the water-resistant crystalline substance of concrete homogeneity, the crystallization in case it is just mixed integratively with former concrete particle to generate, does not have new and old interface to this makes the whole body of concrete structure play wholeness water-proof effects, with the availability factor that improves the concrete, avoids traditional leak protection mode.
The waterproof material can simultaneously have various effects of quick setting, early strength, compactness, waterproofness and the like on a concrete structure, has the effects of resisting and compensating natural defects inevitably generated in the curing process of newly-built concrete, and can effectively reduce the construction difficulty and the structural natural defects; meanwhile, the novel microporosities generated by the factors of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, aging, micro-vibration and the like after the concrete structure can be automatically repaired for a long time, the service life of the concrete structure can be effectively prolonged, and the strength of the old concrete structure can be restored to a certain degree. Because the special active substances of the material are long-term and persistent for various functions of the concrete, the material is a waterproof material with the same service life as a building in waterproof application, the overall benefit of a civil structure is far better than that of the civil structure which is only regarded as a waterproof agent, and the material has higher attraction and importance for the civil industry.
The main raw materials used by the waterproof material comprise special silicate, metal oxide, acid-base solution and the like of alkali metal families and alkaline earth metal families, the raw materials are sequentially and quantitatively blended and prepared in a formula, the using procedures comprise physical steps of multi-program stirring, pressure mixing, acid-base modulation, conveying, filtering and the like under temperature control, no chemical reaction procedure exists, and the industrial safety risk is low. The waterproof material of the application is completely fed in and discharged out in production, has no by-product, no waste material and no environmental protection problem, and the size of production batch is also easily adjusted according to planned elasticity. Therefore, the waterproof material production of this application belongs to the high-precision manufacturing of high safety, low risk, pollution-free, low manpower demand. Since there is no influence on the surrounding environment, there is no limitation or requirement on the region location selection and the surrounding conditions. The energy consumption required by the production flow is very low, the power consumption and the water consumption are both very small, the water quality is equivalent to the standard of common domestic water, and the water quality can meet all requirements through the repurification equipment arranged in a factory. As the raw materials, semi-finished products and the like required by the production of the product are all materials with water or high water content, and have no inflammable and explosive substances, the storage and the transportation are low in risk.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of concrete without any treatment.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope micrograph of concrete sprayed with the product of the present application at the same magnification.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope micrograph of the concrete after being sprayed with the product according to the embodiment of the present application, which is partially enlarged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid used in the embodiment of the application is prepared by a low-temperature normal-pressure hydrothermal synthesis method, and the method comprises the following steps:
1. calcium oxide and nano fumed silica are adopted as main raw materials, deionized water is adopted as a dispersion medium, and polyethylene glycol 400 is adopted as a dispersant;
2. adding deionized water into a hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle with stirring and temperature control, respectively adding fumed silica and calcium oxide according to the silicon-calcium ratio of 1.8, uniformly stirring, and carrying out hydrolysis emulsification for 30 minutes; wherein the water-solid ratio is 80:20, 85:15 or 90:10, and the dispersant polyethylene glycol 400 is 0.2%;
3. sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 60 ℃, and preserving heat for 10 hours, wherein the stirring speed of the stirrer is kept at 30 revolutions per minute;
4. after the heat preservation is finished, filtering the mixed solution after the reaction by using a 200-mesh screen to obtain a dispersion liquid containing nano calcium silicate particles, wherein the solid content of the dispersion liquid is 10%, 15% or 20%.
The first embodiment is as follows:
1. weighing the following raw material components in parts by weight:
nano calcium silicate dispersion (solid content 10%): 10 parts of (A);
sodium silicate solution (solid content 30%): 10 parts of (A);
silica sol (solid content 30%): 5 parts of a mixture;
sodium hydroxide: 3 parts of a mixture;
water: 72 parts of (1);
penetrant JFC: 0.1 part.
When in preparation, firstly, sodium silicate is mixed with water to obtain a mixed solution; dissolving sodium hydroxide in the mixed solution to obtain a secondary mixed solution; and adding weighed silica sol, nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid and wetting penetrant JFC into the secondary mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the waterproof material.
2. During waterproof construction, sufficient water is sprayed on the surface of a constructed cement base material to be wetted, and after the surface of the cement base material is free of open water, a first-time waterproof material is uniformly sprayed; spraying water mist for curing after the first waterproof material is sprayed for 4 hours, and spraying water mist for curing after 4-6 hours; spraying water mist on the surface of the cement base material constructed in the previous day for maintenance in the next day, and spraying a second time of waterproof material after the surface of the cement base material is free of open water after 2-4 hours; and after the waterproof material is sprayed for the second time, spraying water mist for maintenance after 4-6 hours, and spraying water mist for maintenance for the second time after 4-6 hours to finish the construction process.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, when the field emission scanning electron microscope is magnified to 1000 times, the concrete without any treatment is observed to be in a porous structure. After the waterproof material of the embodiment is sprayed, a large amount of crystals (fibrous and needle-shaped) are generated in concrete micro-voids and are uniformly distributed by the same times of the same equipment, so that the concrete micro-voids are fully filled (as shown in fig. 2). Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 2 to 6000 times, the crystal morphology, distribution and filling conditions can be more clearly seen, and the diameter of a single crystal can be about 1 nanometer from the comparison of marks, so that the nano-scale waterproof effect is achieved.
Example two:
1. weighing the following raw material components in parts by weight:
nano calcium silicate dispersion (solid content 15%): 15 parts of (1);
sodium silicate solution (solid content 30%): 20 parts of (1);
silica sol (solid content 30%): 7 parts;
sodium hydroxide: 4 parts of a mixture;
water: 54 parts of a binder;
penetrant JFC: 0.2 part.
When in preparation, firstly, sodium silicate is mixed with water to obtain a mixed solution; dissolving sodium hydroxide in the mixed solution to obtain a secondary mixed solution; and adding weighed silica sol, nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid and wetting penetrant JFC into the secondary mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the waterproof material.
2. During waterproof construction, sufficient water is sprayed on the surface of a constructed cement base material to be wetted, and after the surface of the cement base material is free of open water, a first-time waterproof material is uniformly sprayed; spraying water mist for curing after the first waterproof material is sprayed for 4 hours, and spraying water mist for curing after 4-6 hours; spraying water mist on the surface of the cement base material constructed in the previous day for maintenance in the next day, and spraying a second time of waterproof material after the surface of the cement base material is free of open water after 2-4 hours; and after the waterproof material is sprayed for the second time, spraying water mist for maintenance after 4-6 hours, and spraying water mist for maintenance for the second time after 4-6 hours to finish the construction process.
Example three:
1. weighing the following raw material components in parts by weight:
nano calcium silicate dispersion (solid content 20%): 15 parts of (1);
sodium silicate solution (solid content 30%): 30 parts of (1);
silica sol (solid content 30%): 5 parts of a mixture;
sodium hydroxide: 3 parts of a mixture;
water: 47 parts of;
penetrant JFC: 0.3 part.
When in preparation, firstly, sodium silicate is mixed with water to obtain a mixed solution; dissolving sodium hydroxide in the mixed solution to obtain a secondary mixed solution; and adding weighed silica sol, nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid and wetting penetrant JFC into the secondary mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the waterproof material.
2. During waterproof construction, sufficient water is sprayed on the surface of a constructed cement base material to be wetted, and after the surface of the cement base material is free of open water, a first-time waterproof material is uniformly sprayed; spraying water mist for curing after the first waterproof material is sprayed for 4 hours, and spraying water mist for curing after 4-6 hours; spraying water mist on the surface of the cement base material constructed in the previous day for maintenance in the next day, and spraying a second time of waterproof material after the surface of the cement base material is free of open water after 2-4 hours; and after the waterproof material is sprayed for the second time, spraying water mist for maintenance after 4-6 hours, and spraying water mist for maintenance for the second time after 4-6 hours to finish the construction process.
Example four:
1. weighing the following raw material components in parts by weight:
nano calcium silicate dispersion (solid content 15%): 20 parts of (1);
sodium silicate solution (solid content 30%): 30 parts of (1);
silica sol (solid content 30%): 10 parts of (A);
sodium hydroxide: 5 parts of a mixture;
water: 35 parts of (B);
penetrant JFC: 0.5 part.
When in preparation, firstly, sodium silicate is mixed with water to obtain a mixed solution; dissolving sodium hydroxide in the mixed solution to obtain a secondary mixed solution; and adding weighed silica sol, nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid and wetting penetrant JFC into the secondary mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the waterproof material.
2. During waterproof construction, sufficient water is sprayed on the surface of a constructed cement base material to be wetted, and after the surface of the cement base material is free of open water, a first-time waterproof material is uniformly sprayed; spraying water mist for curing after the first waterproof material is sprayed for 4 hours, and spraying water mist for curing after 4-6 hours; spraying water mist on the surface of the cement base material constructed in the previous day for maintenance in the next day, and spraying a second time of waterproof material after the surface of the cement base material is free of open water after 2-4 hours; and after the waterproof material is sprayed for the second time, spraying water mist for maintenance after 4-6 hours, and spraying water mist for maintenance for the second time after 4-6 hours to finish the construction process.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The waterproof material for the concrete is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid: 10-20 parts;
sodium silicate solution: 10-30 parts;
silica sol: 5-10 parts;
sodium hydroxide: 3-5 parts;
water: 35-72 parts;
penetrant: 0.1 to 0.5 portion.
2. The waterproof material according to claim 1, wherein the nano calcium silicate dispersion has a solid content of 10% to 20%, the sodium silicate solution has a solid content of 20% to 40%, and the silica sol has a solid content of 20% to 40%.
3. The waterproof material according to claim 2, wherein the nano calcium silicate dispersion has a solid content of 15%, the sodium silicate solution has a solid content of 30%, and the silica sol has a solid content of 30%.
4. The waterproof material according to claim 1, wherein the nano calcium silicate dispersion is prepared from calcium oxide and nano fumed silica as main raw materials, water as a dispersion medium, and polyethylene glycol as a dispersant.
5. The waterproof material of claim 4, wherein said polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 400.
6. The waterproof material of claim 5, wherein the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid has a silicon-calcium ratio of 1.8, a water-solid ratio of 80-90:10-20, and an addition amount of polyethylene glycol 400 of 0.2%.
7. The waterproof material of claim 1 wherein said penetrant is JFC.
8. The method for preparing a waterproof material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
mixing sodium silicate with water to obtain a mixed solution;
dissolving sodium hydroxide in the mixed solution to obtain a secondary mixed solution;
and adding silica sol, nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid and penetrating agent into the secondary mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the waterproof material.
9. The preparation method of claim 8, wherein the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid is prepared by using calcium oxide and nano fumed silica as main raw materials, water as a dispersion medium and polyethylene glycol 400 as a dispersing agent through a low-temperature normal-pressure hydrothermal synthesis method.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the nano calcium silicate dispersion is prepared by:
adding water into a hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle, respectively adding fumed silica and calcium oxide, uniformly stirring, adding a dispersing agent, and performing hydrolysis and emulsification;
sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 55-65 ℃, and preserving heat for 8-12 hours;
and after the heat preservation is finished, filtering the mixed solution after the reaction by using a 200-mesh screen to obtain the nano calcium silicate dispersion liquid.
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| CN115108850A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-09-27 | 迈嘉尔(武汉)高新技术发展有限公司 | Capillary crystalline anticorrosive waterproof material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115108850A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-09-27 | 迈嘉尔(武汉)高新技术发展有限公司 | Capillary crystalline anticorrosive waterproof material and preparation method thereof |
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