CN111635193A - High-compactness cement-based permeable crystallization rigid inorganic waterproof material and preparation and use methods thereof - Google Patents
High-compactness cement-based permeable crystallization rigid inorganic waterproof material and preparation and use methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111635193A CN111635193A CN202010510281.0A CN202010510281A CN111635193A CN 111635193 A CN111635193 A CN 111635193A CN 202010510281 A CN202010510281 A CN 202010510281A CN 111635193 A CN111635193 A CN 111635193A
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- cement
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 felt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000404 calcium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012215 calcium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940078583 calcium aluminosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGKMZNDDOBAZGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum calcium Chemical compound [Al].[Ca] RGKMZNDDOBAZGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5076—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with masses bonded by inorganic cements
- C04B41/5079—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building waterproof materials, and relates to a high-compactness cement-based permeable crystallization rigid inorganic waterproof material for a concrete surface layer, and a preparation method and a use method thereof. The waterproof material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of cement, 10 parts of rho alumina, 18-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts of flocculent active silicon and 5 parts of water-soluble pseudo-boehmite. The preparation method comprises the steps of coating rho alumina with calcium carbonate, adding the coated rho alumina and flocculent active silicon into cement, stirring to prepare powder, and respectively waterproof-packaging with pseudo-boehmite. When in use, the powder is prepared into cement-based slurry by water, the pseudo-boehmite is dissolved in the water to prepare alumina sol, the alumina sol is coated on the surface of the concrete, and then the slurry is uniformly coated on the surface of the concrete, or the alumina sol is mixed into the cement-based slurry and uniformly coated on the surface of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-compactness cement-based permeable crystallization rigid inorganic waterproof material for a concrete surface layer, a preparation method and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building waterproof materials.
Background
The concrete is a conventional building material, most of the concrete is formed by adding water into portland cement, aggregate and various additives, fully stirring, hydrating, gelling, crystallizing, solidifying and bonding into a solid, calcium hydroxide crystals generated by cement hydration form cracks, and the cement and gypsum hydrate to generate ettringite to cause expansion and contraction to form cracks, wherein the self-generated cracks are a core factor for leakage and surface layer corrosion of the concrete. In particular, calcium hydroxide is precipitated in a water-soluble state after calcium silicate is crystallized, the calcium hydroxide exists on the surface of concrete or a joint surface between cement and aggregate, and the calcium hydroxide on the surface of the concrete is easy to contact with gases with corrosive effects such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and the like in the air, is easy to embrittle and decompose, so that the original self-generated cracks are enlarged, and the concrete is loosened and the strength is reduced.
At present, the main methods for waterproof treatment of the concrete surface layer are laying, smearing and pouring secondary waterproof layers. The waterproof material has four main technical routes corresponding to construction technology. The first type is that waterproof organic film is painted and laid on the surface of concrete, and the main waterproof material includes asphalt, felt, paint, plastic film, glue, etc. The second kind is to paint mortar mixed with organic glue powder, and the viscosity of the mortar after being dissolved by glue powder is increased, so that the compactness of a waterproof layer and the binding force with concrete are improved, and the main waterproof materials are waterproof mortar and putty added with organic glue powder. In the two technical routes, organic matters exist in the waterproof material, and are gradually degraded after being subjected to illumination, temperature rise and fall, air and corrosive substances in natural falling water, so that the strength and the viscosity are reduced, the waterproof material is different from concrete in nature, the expansion and contraction coefficients are different, and the joint surface is not tight, so that the waterproof period is limited, and the waterproof layer needs to be renovated after a certain period. And the two technical routes can carry out waterproof construction only after the concrete solidification period of the building is finished (28 days for common concrete), so that secondary construction exists, the engineering period is long, and the cost is high. And the third kind is a permeable crystallization waterproof material coated with liquid, and the permeable crystallization waterproof material permeates gaps on the surface layer of the concrete by using lipid or silane silica gel mixed solution, reacts with components of the concrete and crystallizes or self-crystallizes, so that the filling effect on the gaps is achieved. Patent publication nos. CN103964892A, CN108383545A, and CN105236822A disclose that a crystallizable solution prepared from silica sol, an organosilicon monomer, a silicon coupling agent, and ethyl silicate is applied on the surface of newly formed concrete, so that the silica sol-organosilicon is combined with unhydrated cement particles in the concrete and calcium hydroxide to react to form a crystallization monomer, thereby achieving the water-resisting effect of blocking cracks on the surface layer of the concrete and forming a film on the surface layer. The waterproof material is liquid, has poor effect when being used for a concrete facade, can only be suitable for newly poured concrete, and forms a thin and brittle waterproof layer which is easy to peel off after being impacted and rubbed. The fourth is mainly painting inorganic waterproof layer, and the main measures are painting special cement, lime, clay material and the like of superfine powder. The waterproof material is similar to concrete in composition, but has small compactness, low strength and limited application range, and is generally used as a waterproof layer of an indoor wall and for waterproofing in small area.
In the fourth category, publication numbers CN108585711A, CN100347249C, CN104072054A, CN102503346B, etc. disclose a cement-based permeable crystallization waterproof material and a preparation method thereof, the main technical content is basically a preparation similar to concrete, and inorganic salts or alkali compounds which can be recrystallized and solidified in a hydration reaction, such as cement or clinker with fine particle size, quartz sand aggregate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium sulfate, etc., are selectively added, and a silica gel linking agent and a degradable water retention agent coated by a slow release film are added if necessary to be mixed to prepare waterproof mortar. The water-soluble crystals generated by the cement-based permeable crystallization waterproof material are still crystals with low strength such as calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, although the water-soluble crystals react and fill cracks and calcium hydroxide on the surface of concrete, the cement-based waterproof layer formed by the waterproof material still has cracks generated by ettringite expansion-contraction, and also has easy corrosion and cracks generated by calcium hydroxide crystals separated out of the surface layer, the water seepage caused by the cracks generated in cement hydration is not solved, and the strength of the waterproof layer is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that columnar ettringite with low expansion degree is generated in the hydration process of cement in the waterproof material, needle-shaped ettringite with high expansion degree is reduced, so that expansion-contraction cracks are reduced, the content of calcium hydroxide after hydration is reduced, the compactness and corrosion resistance of the waterproof layer are improved, and the waterproof and anti-permeability effects are achieved. The technical measure is that rho alumina, flocculent active silicon and calcium hydroxide water solution are precipitated and combined to form calcium aluminosilicate and calcium aluminate crystals, so that the content of calcium hydroxide is comprehensively reduced; the areas with aluminum-calcium and silicon-calcium elements are combined to form high energy groups to make the crystal of ettringite in column shape, relatively reduce needle-shaped ettringite and reduce the expansion of waterproof layer. The aluminum sol generated after the pseudo-boehmite is hydrated is used as a permeable crystal for concrete, and the waterproof material and the concrete are homogenously combined through the aluminum sol. Dendritic crystals formed by rho alumina and flocculent active silicon in the waterproof material are used as aggregates of cement and are combined with calcium hydrate silica gel in the cement to form an intercross structure which is synchronously crystallized, the strength is higher than that of the combination of granular quartz sand aggregates, and calcium-aluminum-silicon hydrate crystals in the waterproof material are gradually converted into aluminum-silicon-lutetium stones along with the extension of time, so that the compactness and the strength of the waterproof layer are further enhanced.
The waterproof material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the components comprise the following materials:
the cement is one of Portland cement, aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the kind of the cement used by the waterproof material is the same as that used by concrete needing waterproof.
Rho alumina grain size is less than 15 mu m, purity is more than 96 percent, and crystal water is not contained.
The granularity of calcium carbonate is less than 4 mu m, the purity is more than 92 percent, and the magnesium element is less than 0.5 ppm.
The granularity of the flocculent active silicon is between 150nm and 2 mu m, and the purity is more than 99 percent.
The water-soluble pseudo-boehmite has the alumina content of more than 53 percent and the PH value of more than 6 after water dissolution.
The preparation method of the waterproof material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting rho alumina and calcium carbonate into a powder coating machine for stirring to form a powder structure coated by the calcium carbonate to the rho alumina, taking out and placing in a container for later use.
(2) And (3) putting the cement into a stirrer for stirring, gradually and synchronously putting the flocculent active silicon and the prepared powder material of rho alumina wrapped by calcium carbonate in the stirring process, weighing the powder after uniformly stirring, dividing into a plurality of equal parts, respectively putting into a waterproof packaging bag, and sealing.
(3) Dividing the water-soluble pseudo-boehmite into equal parts which are the same as the subpackaged powder in the previous process, putting the equal parts into a waterproof packaging bag for sealing, and putting the equal parts into a packaging material together with the subpackaged powder packaging bag in the previous process to finish the preparation.
The preparation of the powder material part is carried out under dry conditions, and the humidity inside the equipment and in the environment is less than 30 percent.
The application method of the waterproof material comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the surface of the old concrete layer needing water proofing, removing organic matters and dust on the surface layer, washing and soaking the concrete in water, and preserving moisture.
(2) Adding water into the powder material, and uniformly stirring to prepare cement-based slurry with the solid content of 30-35%; dissolving water-soluble pseudo-boehmite in deionized water to prepare aluminum sol.
(3) The aluminum sol is uniformly coated on the surface layer of old concrete, and the aluminum sol is required to be injected into cracks at places with larger cracks.
(4) And after the aluminum sol is coated, immediately smearing the cement-based slurry on the surface layer of the old concrete, wherein the thickness of the smearing is more than 10 mm. Where there are large cracks, cement-based slurries need to be injected into the cracks. And after the coating, moisturizing and heat preservation are carried out for 48 hours, and then the construction of the waterproof material is completed.
(5) The surface of newly poured concrete is subjected to waterproof treatment, alumina sol and water are mixed together to prepare a cement-based slurry, the solid content of the cement-based slurry is between 30 and 35 percent, and the cement-based slurry is immediately brushed after the concrete is initially set and a template is removed. The thickness of the coating is more than 10mm, and the waterproof material construction is completed after the moisture preservation and the heat preservation are carried out for 48 hours after the coating.
The cement-based slurry and the alumina sol are prepared along with use, the cement-based slurry and the alumina sol are used as soon as possible after preparation, and the coagulability of the slurry is increased after the standing time exceeds 30 minutes after the preparation is finished, so that the effect is influenced.
In the use process of the waterproof material, the aluminum sol is weakly acidic, cracks generated on the surface layer of the concrete due to calcium hydroxide crystals are removed after the aluminum sol is contacted with the cracks, and the aluminum sol is preliminarily combined with residual calcium hydroxide to hydrate into calcium ion colloidal substances of aluminate and silicate, calcium aluminosilicate and the like on the surface layer of the common concrete are slightly dissolved, and the calcium ion colloidal substances of the aluminate and the silicate are generated and permeate into the cracks on the surface layer of the concrete. The waterproof material and the concrete are selected from homogeneous matrix cement, water and colloidal substances in the cement-based slurry are homologous with colloidal substances on the surface layer of the concrete, more compact cross-linking directly occurs, and after crystallization and solidification, the waterproof material and the concrete form crystal interpenetration to form stable combination.
In the waterproof material, rho alumina, flocculent active silicon and calcium hydroxide water-soluble substances are separated out and combined to form calcium aluminosilicate and calcium aluminate crystals, so that the content of calcium hydroxide is comprehensively reduced; the areas with aluminum-calcium and silicon-calcium elements are combined to form high energy groups to make the crystal of ettringite in column shape, relatively reduce needle-shaped ettringite and reduce the expansion of waterproof layer. Therefore, the cracks on the surface of the waterproof layer paved by the waterproof material are greatly reduced, and the index of the total crack area (early crack resistance experiment) on the unit area of the standard concrete specified by the state is 330mm2/m2The total cracking area (early cracking test) index reduced to unit area is less than 30mm2/m2The compactness of the concrete is increased, and the strength and the corrosion resistance of the waterproof layer are greatly improved. Dendritic crystals formed by rho alumina and flocculent active silicon in the waterproof material are used as aggregates of cement and are combined with calcium hydrate silica gel in the cement to form an intercross structure which is synchronously crystallized, the strength of the intercross structure is higher than that of the aggregates of granular quartz sand, and calcium-aluminum-silicon hydrate crystals in the waterproof material are gradually converted into aluminum-silicon lutetite along with the prolonging of time, so that the strength of the waterproof layer is further enhanced. The waterproof material of the invention is composed of inorganic substances, has no natural degradation phenomenon, is not corroded by corrosive substances in air and natural precipitation, does not degrade in waterproof effect along with time, has the waterproof period consistent with the service life of a building, and simultaneously carries out waterproof construction and concrete construction of a new building, thereby reducing secondary construction cost and shortening the engineering period.
Detailed description of the invention
The waterproof material is prepared under a dry condition, and the humidity inside equipment and the humidity of the environment are less than 30%.
The following materials were prepared under the conditions:
the cement is one of Portland cement, aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the kind of the cement used by the waterproof material is the same as that used by concrete needing waterproof.
Rho alumina grain size is less than 15 mu m, purity is more than 96 percent, and crystal water is not contained.
The granularity of calcium carbonate is less than 4 mu m, the purity is more than 92 percent, and the magnesium element is less than 0.5 ppm.
The granularity of the flocculent active silicon is between 150nm and 2 mu m, and the purity is more than 99 percent.
The water-soluble pseudo-boehmite has the alumina content of more than 53 percent and the PH value of more than 6 after water dissolution.
Example 1
And preparing a waterproof material aiming at the newly poured portland cement concrete and performing waterproof layer construction.
1. Putting 1kg of rho alumina and 2kg of calcium carbonate into a powder coating machine, stirring to form a powder structure coated by the calcium carbonate on the rho alumina, taking out and placing in a container for later use. Then 5kg of Portland cement is put into a stirrer for stirring, 1.5kg of flocculent active silicon and 3kg of prepared powder of rho alumina wrapped by calcium carbonate are gradually and synchronously put into the stirrer in the stirring process, and the powder is put into a waterproof container after being uniformly stirred.
2. 0.5kg of water-soluble pseudo-boehmite is dissolved by adding 3kg of water to prepare the alumina sol. And then adding water into the mixed cement-based powder, stirring, gradually adding the prepared alumina sol in the stirring process, and stirring to prepare the cement-based slurry, wherein the solid content of the slurry is 30 percent, and the slurry is used within 30 minutes.
3. Removing the template and the surface waterproof plastic film from the newly poured portland cement concrete, then coating the cement-based slurry on the surface of the concrete with the thickness of 10mm, and after coating, moisturizing and preserving heat for 48 hours, completing waterproof layer construction.
Example 2
And preparing a waterproof material aiming at the old aluminate cement concrete and carrying out waterproof layer construction.
1. Cleaning the surface of the old aluminate cement concrete layer, removing organic matters and dust on the surface layer, washing and soaking the concrete in water, and preserving moisture.
2. Putting 1kg of rho alumina and 2kg of calcium carbonate into a powder coating machine, stirring to form a powder structure coated by the calcium carbonate on the rho alumina, taking out and placing in a container for later use. Then 5kg of Portland cement is put into a stirrer for stirring, 1.5kg of flocculent active silicon and the prepared powder material of rho alumina wrapped by calcium carbonate are gradually and synchronously put into the stirrer in the stirring process, water is added into the powder body for continuously stirring after the powder body is uniformly stirred, and cement-based slurry is prepared, wherein the solid content of the slurry is 35 percent, and the slurry is used within 30 minutes.
3. While preparing the slurry, 0.5kg of water-soluble pseudo-boehmite is dissolved by adding 2kg of deionized water to prepare the alumina sol.
4. The aluminum sol is uniformly coated on the surface layer of old concrete, and the aluminum sol is required to be injected into cracks at places with larger cracks. And immediately smearing the cement-based slurry on the surface layer of the old concrete after the aluminum sol is coated, wherein the thickness of the smearing is 12 mm. Where there are large cracks, cement-based slurries need to be injected into the cracks. And after the waterproof layer is coated, moisture preservation and heat preservation are carried out for 48 hours, and then waterproof layer construction is completed.
Claims (5)
1. A cement-based infiltration crystallization rigid inorganic waterproof material with high compactness and a preparation and use method thereof,
the waterproof material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
2. a high-compactness cement-based penetration crystallization rigid inorganic waterproof material and preparation and use methods thereof are characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting rho alumina and calcium carbonate into a powder coating machine for stirring to form a powder structure coated by the calcium carbonate to the rho alumina, taking out and placing in a container for later use;
(2) putting cement into a stirrer for stirring, gradually adding flocculent active silicon and the prepared powder of rho alumina wrapped by calcium carbonate during the stirring process, weighing the powder after uniformly stirring, dividing into a plurality of equal parts, respectively filling into a waterproof packaging bag, and sealing;
(3) dividing the water-soluble pseudo-boehmite into equal parts which are the same as the subpackaged powder in the previous process, putting the equal parts into a waterproof packaging bag for sealing, and putting the equal parts into a packaging material together with the subpackaged powder packaging bag in the previous process to finish the preparation.
3. A high-compactness cement-based penetration crystallization rigid inorganic waterproof material and preparation and use methods thereof are characterized in that the use method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water into the powder material, and uniformly stirring to prepare cement-based slurry with the solid content of 30-35%; dissolving water-soluble pseudo-boehmite in deionized water to prepare alumina sol;
(2) removing organic matters and dust on the surface layer of the old concrete needing to be made into a waterproof layer, washing, soaking and moisturizing the concrete, uniformly coating the aluminum sol on the surface layer of the old concrete, and immediately smearing the cement-based slurry on the surface layer of the old concrete; stirring powder materials of alumina sol and water to prepare cement-based slurry with solid content of 30-35% for newly poured concrete needing to be used as a waterproof layer, and immediately brushing the cement-based slurry after the concrete is initially set and a template is removed; the thickness of the waterproof material is more than 10 mm;
(3) after the concrete is coated with the waterproof material, the concrete is moisturized and kept warm for 48 hours.
4. The high-compactness cement-based permeable crystalline rigid inorganic waterproof material and the preparation and use methods thereof according to claim 1, is characterized in that the cement is one of portland cement, aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the type of the cement used for the waterproof material is the same as that of the cement used for concrete needing to be waterproofed.
5. The high-compactness cement-based permeable crystalline rigid inorganic waterproof material and the preparation and use methods thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that rho alumina particle size is less than 15 μm, purity is more than 96%, and crystal water is absent; the granularity of the calcium carbonate is less than 4 mu m, the purity is more than 92 percent, and the magnesium element is less than 0.5 ppm; the granularity of the flocculent active silicon is between 150nm and 2 mu m, and the purity is more than 99 percent; the water-soluble pseudo-boehmite has the alumina content of more than 53 percent and the PH value of more than 6 after water dissolution.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112028593A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-04 | 朋盼(上海)材料科技有限公司 | Aqueous (water-based) inorganic infiltration crystallization waterproof material |
| CN112341036A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-09 | 深圳市奇信集团股份有限公司 | Capillary crystalline waterproofing agent and waterproof mortar |
-
2020
- 2020-06-04 CN CN202010510281.0A patent/CN111635193A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 徐平坤: "《耐火材料新工艺技术》", 31 December 2019, 冶金工业出版社, pages: 290 - 291 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112028593A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-04 | 朋盼(上海)材料科技有限公司 | Aqueous (water-based) inorganic infiltration crystallization waterproof material |
| CN112341036A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-09 | 深圳市奇信集团股份有限公司 | Capillary crystalline waterproofing agent and waterproof mortar |
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