CN112023691A - Waste gas treatment system and treatment method - Google Patents
Waste gas treatment system and treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112023691A CN112023691A CN202010899815.3A CN202010899815A CN112023691A CN 112023691 A CN112023691 A CN 112023691A CN 202010899815 A CN202010899815 A CN 202010899815A CN 112023691 A CN112023691 A CN 112023691A
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 78
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 39
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
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- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1462—Removing mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1481—Removing sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/804—UV light
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/806—Microwaves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste gas treatment method, which comprises the steps of carrying out spray washing, microwave and UV photolysis combined degradation, biodegradation and ultraviolet catalyst degradation on waste gas; simultaneously, the waste gas treatment system is disclosed, through the multistage washing portion that sprays that sets gradually, microwave photolysis joint treatment portion, biological treatment portion, ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion carry out innocent treatment to waste gas, finally realize effectively getting rid of the sulphide, polymer organic matter, the stink source in the waste gas, realize the pollution-free emission of waste gas, possess the beneficial effect that the treatment effeciency is high, the treatment effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and particularly relates to a waste gas treatment system and a waste gas treatment method.
Background
Waste gas is one of inevitable harmful factors in the current urbanization development process, and how to carry out harmless treatment on the waste gas is an urgent problem to be solved in order to maintain the living environment and the health of residents. The existing urban waste gas generally contains various harmful substances due to complex components, so that the waste gas is difficult to be effectively subjected to harmless treatment by adopting a single waste gas treatment process or equipment, the corresponding input cost is high, and the final treatment effect is poor.
The invention discloses a waste gas treatment system and a treatment method aiming at the defects of low treatment efficiency and poor treatment comprehensiveness in waste gas treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waste gas treatment method, which is used for filtering solid impurities in waste gas and degrading macromolecular organic matters in the waste gas; the waste gas treatment method is used for carrying out spray washing, microwave and UV photolysis combined degradation, biodegradation and ultraviolet catalyst degradation treatment on the waste gas, effectively removing sulfides, high-molecular organic matters and odor sources in the waste gas, and realizing pollution-free emission of the waste gas.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an exhaust gas treatment system and a treatment method comprise the following steps:
step 1, spraying the waste gas by using water mist to remove solid particle impurities in the waste gas;
step 2, spraying the waste gas through the absorption liquid water mist to desulfurize the waste gas, and then performing rotational flow on the waste gas to remove solid impurities generated in the desulfurization process; SO in absorption liquid and waste gas2、H2S and other sulfur-containing substances react to generate solid sulfide for sedimentation, so that the waste gas is desulfurized, and simultaneously, in order to avoid blockage caused by the deposition of generated sulfide solids, the waste gas is subjected to cyclone flow while the absorption liquid is sprayed, and the solid sulfide in the waste gas is quickly settled and discharged through the cyclone flow. After desulfurization treatment, the waste gas mainly contains carbon, nitrogen and other high molecular organic matters.
Step 3, carrying out UV photolysis and microwave combined treatment on the waste gas, decomposing organic matters in the waste gas, and recycling moisture generated in the decomposition process in the steps 1 and 2; performing photolysis catalysis, microwave catalysis and microwave catalysis on the desulfurized waste gas by adopting UV photolysis and microblog combinationCan effectively accelerate the atom movement in the high molecular organic matter, can rapidly destroy the chemical bond in the high molecular organic matter by matching with UV photolysis catalysis, so that the high molecular organic matter is rapidly decomposed into H2O、CO2And the like. Through the combined catalysis of microwave and UV photolysis, the decomposition process of the high-molecular organic matters can be greatly improved, and the treatment efficiency of waste gas is greatly improved.
Step 4, performing biodegradation treatment on the waste gas to further remove organic matters in the waste gas; introducing the waste gas into a cavity provided with a biological matrix, wherein the biological matrix is in a loose and porous structure, microorganisms are attached to the biological matrix, and the microorganisms can further convert high molecular organic matters in the waste gas into H through oxidation reaction2O、CO2And the like.
Step 5, carrying out ultraviolet catalytic degradation on the waste gas, further removing organic matters in the waste gas and generating free oxygen, wherein the free oxygen is reused in the step 1 to adjust the concentration of the waste gas and is reused in the step 4 to adjust the concentration of oxygen in the biodegradation process; through the arrangement of catalysts such as titanium dioxide and the like, organic matters in the waste gas are catalytically decomposed under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays to generate free oxygen, and the generated free oxygen is collected and then flows back to the step 1 to adjust the concentration of the waste gas, so that the over-high concentration of the waste gas is avoided; meanwhile, free oxygen also flows back to the step 4 to participate in the decomposition of the organic matters by the microorganisms, and the oxygen concentration in the biodegradation treatment process is adjusted, so that the microorganisms are in a high-activity state, and the decomposition of the organic matters in the waste gas is further improved.
And 6, catalyzing the free oxygen generated in the step 5 to generate ozone, and deodorizing the waste gas by the ozone.
In order to better realize the method, the treatment humidity of the waste gas treated in the step 2 is further detected, and if the treatment humidity is greater than the maximum value of the range of the suitable humidity for biodegradation in the step 4, the waste gas treated in the step 2 is subjected to water absorption and dehumidification treatment; if the processing humidity is smaller than the minimum value of the range of the suitable humidity for biodegradation in the step 4, humidifying and spraying the waste gas processed in the step 2; if the processing humidity is within the range of the suitable humidity for biodegradation in step 4, step 3 is directly performed. Since the biodegradation process in the step 4 usually requires that the humidity is between 90% and 95%, the humidity of the waste gas subjected to spray desulfurization in the step 2 needs to be detected, and if the humidity of the treated waste gas is between 90% and 95%, the steps 3 and 4 are directly performed; if the humidity of the treated waste gas is less than 90%, the waste gas is required to be refluxed to the step 1 for water mist spraying again to carry out secondary spraying humidification on the waste gas, and if the humidity of the treated waste gas is more than 95%, the waste gas is required to be introduced into a water absorption and dehumidification device to absorb water and dehumidify the waste gas.
In order to better implement the invention, further, the absorption liquid in the step 2 adopts Ca (OH)2Solution, CaCO3Solution, NaOH solution, Na2CO3Any one of the solutions.
In order to better implement the invention, further, the wavelength of the ultraviolet ray used in the step 5 is 200nm-350nm, and the ultraviolet catalyst used in the step 5 is a nano-scale titanium dioxide coating.
The utility model provides a waste gas treatment system, includes that the multistage washing portion that sprays, microwave photolysis joint treatment portion, biological treatment portion, ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion that connect gradually, the play end of microwave photolysis joint treatment portion is connected through back flow and the entering end that the washing portion was sprayed to multistage, the play end of ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion is connected through oxygen back flow and the entering end that the washing portion was sprayed to multistage and biological treatment portion advances the end.
The multistage spraying part is used for spraying water mist and spraying absorption liquid to the waste gas, spraying solid particle impurities such as dust in the waste gas through the water mist, spraying sulfides in the waste gas mainly to be removed through the absorption liquid, and adjusting the type of the absorption liquid according to the difference of actual components of the waste gas. Then waste gas gets into microwave photolysis joint treatment portion, carries out UV photolysis catalysis and microwave catalysis to waste gas, and the microwave can aggravate the motion of atom in the macromolecular organic matter in the waste gas, and cooperation UV photolysis catalysis can be high-efficient swiftly destroy the chemical bond in the macromolecular organic matter more for the macromolecular organic matter decomposes into CO fast2、H2And O and the like. Microwave ovenDuring the process of the photolysis combination treatment part for performing the microwave and UV photolysis combination decomposition, the generated part H2O flows back to the inlet end of the multi-stage spraying washing part through the return pipe to realize H2And recycling the O.
Through the treatment of the microwave photolysis combined treatment part, part of high-molecular organic matters still participate in the waste gas, then the waste gas is introduced into the biological treatment part, a loose and porous biological matrix is arranged in the biological treatment part, microorganisms such as bacteria and the like for decomposing high-molecular organic matters in the waste gas are attached to the biological matrix, the microorganisms capture the high-molecular organic matters in the waste gas and then carry out oxidative decomposition, and the high-molecular organic matters in the waste gas are quickly decomposed into CO2、H2And O and the like.
Waste gas after biological treatment portion handles gets into ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion, through the effect of ultraviolet irradiation and photocatalyst, the realization is with the further catalytic decomposition of the polymer organic matter in the waste gas generation free oxygen, the free oxygen that generates in ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion passes through the oxygen back flow and flows back to the advanced end that multistage spraying washing portion is in order to adjust the concentration of waste gas, the oxygen concentration in advancing end in order to guarantee biological treatment portion that flows back to biological treatment portion simultaneously, make the oxygen concentration in biological treatment portion keep in suitable scope, and then make the activity of microorganism higher, improve the treatment effeciency to waste gas.
In order to better realize the invention, the microwave photolysis combined treatment part comprises a combined treatment part and a condensation part which are sequentially connected, the combined treatment part comprises a plurality of microwave generating tubes and ultraviolet electrodeless lamp tubes which are arranged in a staggered mode, and the outlet end of the condensation part is connected with the inlet end of the multistage spraying washing part through a return pipe.
Because the subsequent biological treatment part requires liquid contact with the biological matrix, the waste gas needs to be condensed and cooled by the condensing part after the waste gas is subjected to the microwave and UV photolysis combined treatment by the combined treatment part, so that the subsequent biological treatment part can maintain a proper temperature range and simultaneously reduce the H in the waste gas2The O is condensed from the gas state to the liquid state, and the liquid state contact of the waste gas and the biological matrix is ensured.
In order to better implement the invention, a flow equalizing plate is further arranged at the inlet end of the combined treatment part.
In order to better realize the invention, the multistage spray washing part comprises a pure water spraying part and an absorption liquid spraying part which are connected in sequence, and the pure water spraying part and the absorption liquid spraying part are connected through the outlet end of the microwave photolysis combined treatment part of the return pipe.
In order to better realize the microwave photolysis combined treatment method, a secondary spraying part and a water absorption and dehumidification part which are connected in parallel are further arranged between the multi-stage spraying washing part and the microwave photolysis combined treatment part, the inlet ends of the secondary spraying part and the water absorption and dehumidification part are connected with the outlet end of the multi-stage spraying washing part through a humidity detection part, and the outlet ends of the secondary spraying part and the water absorption and dehumidification part are connected with the inlet end of the microwave photolysis combined treatment part through a pipeline with an electromagnetic valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the waste gas is sequentially subjected to spray washing, microwave and UV photolysis combined treatment, biodegradation and ultraviolet catalyst degradation, so that sulfides, high-molecular organic matters and odor sources in the waste gas are effectively removed, and pollution-free emission of the waste gas is realized;
(2) according to the invention, the waste gas is treated by microwave and UV photolysis in a combined manner, atom movement in the high molecular organic matter is aggravated by the microwave, and the high molecular organic matter is catalyzed by the UV photolysis, so that chemical bonds in the high molecular organic matter are efficiently destroyed, the degradation efficiency of the high molecular organic matter in the waste gas is greatly improved, and the treatment degree of the high molecular organic matter is higher;
(3) according to the invention, water generated in the microwave photolysis combined treatment process is recycled to the multistage spraying washing part, so that the humidity of the waste gas can be effectively adjusted, the humidity of the waste gas can meet the requirement of the subsequent biological treatment part on the humidity of the waste gas, the water recycling is realized, the water waste is avoided, and the treatment effect of the biological treatment part on the waste gas is ensured;
(4) according to the invention, the oxygen generated by the ultraviolet photocatalyst treatment part is recycled to the multistage spray washing part to adjust the concentration of the waste gas, so that the concentration of the waste gas meets the concentration requirement of the subsequent biological treatment part on the waste gas, and the oxygen is recycled to the biological treatment part, so that the oxygen concentration in the biological treatment part is effectively adjusted, the activity of microorganisms is ensured, and the waste gas treatment efficiency is improved;
(5) according to the invention, the humidity detection part is arranged between the multistage spraying washing part and the microwave photolysis combined treatment part, so that the humidity of the waste gas is monitored in real time, and the waste gas is directly introduced into the microwave photolysis combined treatment part or is subjected to re-humidification through the secondary spraying part or is subjected to water absorption and dehumidification through the water absorption and dehumidification part according to the waste gas degree, so that the humidity of the waste gas meets the requirement of the subsequent biological treatment part on the humidity of the waste gas, and the treatment effect of the waste gas is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a multi-stage spray washing part; 2-microwave photolysis combined treatment part; 3-a biological treatment part; 4-ultraviolet photocatalyst treatment part; 5-a secondary spraying part; 6-a water absorption and dehumidification part; 7-a humidity detection part; 11-a pure water spray part; 12-an absorption liquid spraying part; 21-a joint processing section; 22-a condensation section; 211-a microwave generating tube; 212-ultraviolet electrodeless lamp tube; 001-oxygen reflux pipe; 002-return pipe.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the waste gas treatment system and the treatment method of the embodiment comprise the following steps:
step 1, spraying the waste gas by using water mist to remove solid particle impurities in the waste gas;
step 2, spraying the waste gas through the absorption liquid water mist to desulfurize the waste gas, and then performing rotational flow on the waste gas to remove solid impurities generated in the desulfurization process;
step 3, carrying out UV photolysis and microwave combined treatment on the waste gas, decomposing organic matters in the waste gas, and recycling moisture generated in the decomposition process in the steps 1 and 2;
step 4, performing biodegradation treatment on the waste gas to further remove organic matters in the waste gas;
step 5, carrying out ultraviolet catalytic degradation on the waste gas, further removing organic matters in the waste gas and generating free oxygen, wherein the free oxygen is reused in the step 1 to adjust the concentration of the waste gas and is reused in the step 4 to adjust the concentration of oxygen in the biodegradation process;
and 6, catalyzing the free oxygen generated in the step 5 to generate ozone, and deodorizing the waste gas by the ozone.
Waste gas is at first through filtering, with the large granule solid impurity filtering in the waste gas, avoids blockking up subsequent processing portion. Then introducing the filtered waste gas into a spraying device, spraying water mist and absorbing liquid to the waste gas in sequence, further removing small particle insoluble impurities such as dust in the waste gas by adopting the water mist spraying, and then removing SO in the waste gas by the absorbing liquid spraying2、H2S, and the like, and the absorption liquid adopts a solution which can react with the sulfide to generate corresponding sulfide salt solid and does not produce excessive gaseous pollutants, such as Ca (OH)2Solution, CaCO3The solution is used as absorption liquid to react with sulfide to generate sulfide salt solid and H20、CO2And the like, and simultaneously, in order to avoid the generated solid sulfide salt from blocking the treatment device, the waste gas is conveyed by adopting rotational flow, so that the solid sulfide salt in the waste gas is rapidly settled and discharged, and the subsequent treatment device is prevented from being blocked. Then carry out joint treatment to the waste gas through desulfurization, adopt microwave plus the macromolecule organic matter of UV photodissociation joint mode in with waste gas to carry out catalytic decomposition, the motion of atom in the macromolecule organic matter can be accelerated to the microwave, cooperates UV photodissociation catalysis simultaneously, can destroy the chemical bond in the macromolecule organic matter high-efficiently, and then makes the high-efficient decomposition of macromolecule organic matter be H20、CO2And the like. H generated in the process of microwave and UV photolysis combined treatment2And (3) returning to the water mist spraying link and the absorption liquid spraying link for recycling to adjust the concentration and the humidity of the waste gas so as to carry out subsequent biodegradation treatment.
Introducing the waste gas after the combined treatment into a generatorA substance treatment part for oxidizing and decomposing the macromolecular organic substances in the exhaust gas by the microorganisms in the biological treatment part to further decompose the macromolecular organic substances in the exhaust gas into H20、CO2And the concentration of high molecular organic matters in the waste gas is further reduced. The waste gas after biodegradation is introduced into the ultraviolet photocatalyst treatment part, and photocatalysts such as titanium dioxide and the like generate a large amount of free oxygen and hydroxyl free radicals under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, so that organic matters such as formaldehyde, xylene, toluene, benzene, ammonia, VOCs and the like in the waste gas can be effectively degraded, and meanwhile, the waste gas treatment part has disinfection performance, and can decompose and harmlessly decompose part of toxic substances released by bacteria or fungi in the biological treatment part, so that harmless waste gas emission is realized. Meanwhile, part of free oxygen generated in the ultraviolet catalyst catalytic degradation process is recycled to the waste gas spraying step to adjust the concentration of the waste gas, and is recycled to the biodegradation treatment process to ensure the oxygen concentration in the biodegradation process, so that the microorganisms keep high activity, and the degradation treatment efficiency of the waste gas is improved. Meanwhile, the free oxygen generates ozone under the further action of ultraviolet rays, so that the waste gas is disinfected and deodorized, and the environment-friendly and pollution-free emission of the waste gas is realized.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, further optimization is performed on the basis of embodiment 1, the treatment humidity of the exhaust gas treated in step 2 is detected, and if the treatment humidity is greater than the maximum value of the suitable humidity range for biodegradation in step 4, the exhaust gas treated in step 2 is subjected to water absorption and dehumidification treatment; if the processing humidity is smaller than the minimum value of the range of the suitable humidity for biodegradation in the step 4, humidifying and spraying the waste gas processed in the step 2; if the processing humidity is within the range of the suitable humidity for biodegradation in step 4, step 3 is directly performed.
In the biological treatment process, the proper humidity range is 90-95%, the temperature is 5-40 ℃, and the PH value is 5-10, so that the humidity of the waste gas after the spraying treatment in the step 1 reaches the standard, the humidity of the waste gas needs to be detected after the spraying treatment, and if the humidity of the waste gas is less than 90%, the waste gas needs to be humidified and sprayed again; if the humidity of the waste gas is more than 95%, the waste gas needs to be subjected to water absorption and dehumidification; and if the humidity of the waste gas is between 90 and 95 percent, directly carrying out microwave and UV photolysis combined treatment and subsequent biodegradation treatment on the waste gas.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, and thus are not described again.
Example 3:
this example was further optimized based on the above examples 1 and 2, and the absorption solution used Ca (OH)2Solution, CaCO3Solution, NaOH solution, Na2CO3Any one of the solutions.
The solution is used as an absorption liquid and S0 in the waste gas2、H2S and other sulfides react to generate corresponding solid sulfide salt, and the solid sulfide salt is separated from gaseous waste gas, settled and rapidly discharged after cyclone treatment of the cyclone, so that a subsequent treatment device is prevented from being blocked. Meanwhile, the absorption liquid and the sulfide do not generate other gaseous sulfides in the reaction process, but generate CO2、H2O and the like, and secondary pollution can not be caused.
The wavelength of the ultraviolet rays adopted in the step 5 is 200nm-350nm, and the ultraviolet rays with the wavelength between 200nm and 350nm have enough energy to catalyze and decompose the macromolecular organic matters in the waste gas, and meanwhile, excessive energy consumption is not caused. The ultraviolet catalyst adopted in the step 5 is a nano-scale titanium dioxide coating.
The rest of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1 or 2, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
Example 4:
the utility model provides an exhaust gas treatment system, includes that the multistage washing portion 1 that sprays that connects gradually, microwave photolysis jointly process portion 2, biological treatment portion 3, ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion 4, the play end of microwave photolysis jointly process portion 2 is connected with the advancing of multistage washing portion 1 through back flow 002, the play end of ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion 4 is connected with the advancing of multistage washing portion 1 that sprays the end and biological treatment portion 3's the advancing end through oxygen back flow 001.
The multistage spray washing part 1, the microwave photolysis combined treatment part 2, the biological treatment part 3 and the ultraviolet photocatalyst treatment part 4 are connected in sequence through pipelines, and the multistage spray washing partThe inlet end of the part 1 is provided with a filtering part for pre-filtering the waste gas and removing large-particle solid impurities in the waste gas. The multi-stage spraying part 1 sequentially sprays water mist and absorption liquid to the waste gas, small-particle solid impurities in the waste gas are further removed through the water mist spraying, and SO in the waste gas is removed through the absorption liquid spraying2、H2S and other sulfides generate corresponding solid sulfide salts, the outlet end of the multi-stage spraying part 1 is arranged to be of a spiral rotational flow structure, one side of the rotational flow structure is provided with a solid impurity outlet, rotational flow is carried out on the waste gas through the rotational flow structure, and under the action of the rotational flow, the solid sulfide salts in the waste gas are rapidly settled and are discharged through the solid impurity outlet, so that the blockage of a subsequent treatment device is avoided.
Waste gas through spraying gets into microwave photodissociation joint treatment portion 2, and microwave photodissociation joint treatment portion 2 carries out microwave and UV photodissociation joint treatment to waste gas, accelerates the motion of atom in the high molecular organic matter in the waste gas through the microwave, carries out catalytic degradation to the high molecular organic matter through UV photodissociation simultaneously, through the cooperation of microwave and UV photodissociation, realizes the high-efficient degradation to the high molecular organic matter, has improved the treatment effeciency to waste gas greatly. Meanwhile, the outlet end of the microwave photolysis combined treatment part 2 is provided with a return pipe 002 with a return pump for generating H2O returns to the inlet end of the multistage spraying and washing part 1 to adjust the humidity of the waste gas so as to adapt to the requirement of the microorganism in the subsequent biological treatment part 3 on the humidity of the waste gas.
The waste gas after combined treatment enters a biological treatment part 3, a loose and porous biological matrix is arranged in a cavity of the biological treatment part 3, microorganisms are attached to the biological matrix, and the types of the microorganisms are configured according to the types of high molecular weight organic matters contained in the waste gas to be treated. The microorganism is used for catching the high molecular organic matter and carrying out oxidative decomposition to degrade the high molecular organic matter into CO2、H2O, and the like, and further removing the high molecular organic substances in the exhaust gas.
The waste gas treated by the biological treatment part 3 enters the ultraviolet photocatalyst treatment part 4, and when the ultraviolet irradiates photocatalyst such as titanium dioxide, a large amount of free oxygen and hydroxyl free radicals are generated, so that macromolecular organic matters and partial inorganic matters in the waste gas can be degraded again. Meanwhile, the outlet end of the ultraviolet photocatalyst treatment part 4 is provided with an oxygen return pipe 001 which is provided with a return pump and returns to the inlet end of the multistage spraying washing part 1 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3, part of free oxygen is returned to the multistage spraying washing part 1 to adjust the concentration of the waste gas so as to adapt to the requirement of microorganisms in the subsequent biological treatment part 3 on the concentration of the waste gas, and the free oxygen is returned to the biological treatment part 3 to adjust the oxygen concentration in the biological treatment part 3, so that the oxygen concentration in the biological treatment part 3 is kept in a proper range, the microorganisms keep high activity, and the high-efficiency degradation of high-molecular organic matters in the waste gas is realized. Meanwhile, the residual free oxygen in the ultraviolet photocatalyst treatment part 4 generates ozone under the continuous irradiation of ultraviolet rays, and the waste gas is disinfected and deodorized by the ozone, so that the pollution-free emission of the waste gas is realized.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as any of embodiments 1 to 3, and thus are not described again.
Example 5:
the present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any one of the above embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the microwave photolysis combined treatment part 2 includes a combined treatment part 21 and a condensation part 22 sequentially connected to each other, the combined treatment part 21 includes a plurality of microwave generation tubes 211 and ultraviolet electrodeless lamps 212 arranged in a staggered manner, and an outlet of the condensation part 22 is connected to an inlet of the multistage spray washing part 1 through a return tube 002; the inlet end of the combined treatment part 21 is also provided with a flow equalizing plate.
The flow equalizing plate conducts uniform flow guiding on waste gas, so that the waste gas uniformly enters the combined treatment part 21, the combined treatment part 21 is composed of a plurality of microwave generating tubes 211 and ultraviolet electrodeless lamp tubes 212 which are arranged in a staggered mode, microwaves generated by the microwave generating tubes 211 effectively accelerate the movement of atoms in high molecular organic matters in the waste gas, meanwhile, high-energy ultraviolet light beams generated by the ultraviolet electrodeless lamp tubes 212 carry out catalytic degradation on the waste gas, and chemical bonds in the high molecular organic matters can be damaged more efficiently and quickly by matching with the acceleration of the microwaves on the movement of the atoms, so that the high molecular organic matters are efficiently degraded into CO2、H2O, and the like.
After microwave treatment, the temperature of the exhaust gas will riseHowever, the suitable treatment temperature of the subsequent biological treatment unit 3 is low, and the biological treatment unit 3 requires the waste gas to be in liquid contact with the biological matrix, so that the condensation unit 22 is arranged at the outlet end of the combined treatment unit 21 and connected with the inlet end of the biological treatment unit 3, the condensation pipe is arranged in the condensation unit 22, the waste gas is condensed by the condensation unit 22, the temperature is reduced, and simultaneously, the gaseous H in the waste gas can be cooled2Condensing O into liquid H2And O, so that the waste gas enters the biological treatment part 3 to be in liquid contact with the biological matrix, and the treatment effect of the biological treatment part 3 on the waste gas is ensured. Meanwhile, the outlet of the condensing part 22 is connected with the inlet of the multi-stage spraying washing part 1 through a return pipe 002, and part of the H is condensed into liquid2O flows back to the multistage spray washing part 1 through a return pipe 002 to realize the adjustment of the waste gas humidity and H2And (4) recycling the O.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as any of embodiments 1 to 4, and thus are not described again.
Example 6:
this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any one of the above embodiments 1 to 5, in which the multi-stage spray washing unit 1 includes a pure water spray unit 11 and an absorption liquid spray unit 12 connected in sequence, and the pure water spray unit 11 is connected to the outlet of the microwave photolysis combination treatment unit 2 through a return pipe 002.
The pure water shower unit 11 is for spraying mist to the exhaust gas, an inlet of the pure water shower unit 11 is connected to an outlet of the condenser unit 22 via a return pipe 002, and a part of the liquid H generated in the condenser unit 22 is in the form of liquid H2The O flows back to the pure water spraying part 11 for recycling, so as to avoid H2The waste of O. The absorption liquid spraying part 12 is used for spraying absorption liquid to waste gas and removing sulfides in the waste gas, the outlet end of the absorption liquid spraying part 12 is arranged to be a funnel-shaped cyclone device, a solid impurity outlet is formed in one side of the bottom of the cyclone device, and the sprayed and generated solid sulfide salt is discharged through the solid impurity outlet after cyclone sedimentation, so that the blockage of a subsequent treatment device is avoided.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as any of embodiments 1 to 5, and thus are not described again.
Example 7:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 6, a secondary spraying part 5 and a water absorption and dehumidification part 6 which are connected in parallel are further arranged between the multi-stage spraying washing part 1 and the microwave photolysis combined treatment part 2, the inlet ends of the secondary spraying part 5 and the water absorption and dehumidification part 6 are connected with the outlet end of the multi-stage spraying washing part 1 through a humidity detection part 7, and the outlet ends of the secondary spraying part 5 and the water absorption and dehumidification part 6 are connected with the inlet end of the microwave photolysis combined treatment part 2 through a pipeline with an electromagnetic valve.
The outlet end of the absorption liquid spraying part 12 is provided with a humidity detection device, the outlet end of the absorption liquid spraying part 12 is respectively connected with the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3, the inlet end of the secondary spraying part 5 and the inlet end of the water absorption and dehumidification part 6, if the humidity of the waste gas detected by the humidity detection part 7 is less than 90%, the waste gas needs to be re-humidified, at the moment, an electromagnetic valve on a pipeline between the outlet end of the secondary spraying part 5 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is opened, an electromagnetic valve on a direct connection pipeline between the outlet end of the absorption liquid spraying part 12 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is closed, an electromagnetic valve on a pipeline between the outlet end of the water absorption and dehumidification part 6 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is closed, and at the moment, the waste gas enters the biological treatment part 3 after being humidified by.
If the humidity of the exhaust gas detected by the humidity detection device is greater than 95%, the exhaust gas needs to be dehumidified, at the moment, the electromagnetic valve on the pipeline between the outlet end of the secondary spraying part 5 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is closed, the electromagnetic valve on the direct connection pipeline between the outlet end of the absorption liquid spraying part 12 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is closed, the electromagnetic valve on the pipeline between the outlet end of the water absorption and dehumidification part 6 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is opened, at the moment, the exhaust gas enters the biological treatment part 3 after being subjected to water absorption and dehumidification through the water absorption and dehumidification part 6, and loose and porous water absorption materials are arranged inside the water absorption and dehumidification part 6.
If the humidity of the waste gas detected by the humidity detection device is between 90% and 95%, the waste gas does not need to be dehumidified or humidified, the waste gas can be directly subjected to subsequent combined degradation, at the moment, the electromagnetic valve on the pipeline between the outlet end of the secondary spraying part 5 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is closed, the electromagnetic valve on the direct-connected pipeline between the outlet end of the absorption liquid spraying part 12 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is opened, the electromagnetic valve on the pipeline between the outlet end of the water absorption and dehumidification part 6 and the inlet end of the biological treatment part 3 is closed, and at the moment, the waste gas directly enters the biological treatment part 3.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as any of embodiments 1 to 6, and thus are not described again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The waste gas treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, spraying the waste gas by using water mist to remove solid particle impurities in the waste gas;
step 2, spraying the waste gas through the absorption liquid water mist to desulfurize the waste gas, and then performing rotational flow on the waste gas to remove solid impurities generated in the desulfurization process;
step 3, carrying out UV photolysis and microwave combined treatment on the waste gas, decomposing organic matters in the waste gas, and recycling moisture generated in the decomposition process in the steps 1 and 2;
step 4, performing biodegradation treatment on the waste gas to further remove organic matters in the waste gas;
step 5, carrying out ultraviolet catalytic degradation on the waste gas, further removing organic matters in the waste gas and generating free oxygen, wherein the free oxygen is reused in the step 1 to adjust the concentration of the waste gas and is reused in the step 4 to adjust the concentration of oxygen in the biodegradation process;
and 6, catalyzing the free oxygen generated in the step 5 to generate ozone, and deodorizing the waste gas by the ozone.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment humidity of the exhaust gas treated in the step 2 is detected, and if the treatment humidity is greater than the maximum value of the range of suitable humidity for biodegradation in the step 4, the exhaust gas treated in the step 2 is subjected to water absorption and dehumidification treatment; if the processing humidity is smaller than the minimum value of the range of the suitable humidity for biodegradation in the step 4, humidifying and spraying the waste gas processed in the step 2; if the processing humidity is within the range of the suitable humidity for biodegradation in step 4, step 3 is directly performed.
3. An exhaust gas treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the absorption liquid in step 2 is Ca (OH)2Solution, CaCO3Solution, NaOH solution, Na2CO3Any one of the solutions.
4. An exhaust gas treating method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wavelength of the ultraviolet light used in step 5 is 200nm to 350nm, and the ultraviolet catalyst used in step 5 is a nano-scale titanium dioxide coating.
5. The utility model provides a waste gas treatment system, its characterized in that, including the multistage washing portion (1), microwave photolysis joint treatment portion (2), biological treatment portion (3), ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion (4) that spray that connect gradually, the play end of microwave photolysis joint treatment portion (2) is connected through back flow (002) and the entering end that multistage spraying washing portion (1), the play end of ultraviolet ray photocatalyst treatment portion (4) is connected through oxygen back flow (001) and the entering end that multistage spraying washing portion (1) advances and biological treatment portion (3) advances.
6. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the microwave photolysis combined treatment part (2) comprises a combined treatment part (21) and a condensation part (22) which are sequentially connected, the combined treatment part (21) comprises a plurality of microwave generation tubes (211) and ultraviolet electrodeless lamp tubes (212) which are arranged in a staggered mode, and the outlet end of the condensation part (22) is connected with the inlet end of the multistage spraying washing part (1) through a return pipe (002).
7. An exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 6, wherein the inlet end of the combined treatment section (21) is further provided with a flow equalizing plate.
8. An exhaust gas treatment system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the multi-stage spray washing section (1) comprises a pure water spray section (11) and an absorption liquid spray section (12) which are connected in sequence, and the pure water spray section (11) is connected with the outlet of the microwave photolysis combination treatment section (2) through a return pipe (002).
9. An exhaust gas treatment system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a secondary spraying part (5) and a water absorption and dehumidification part (6) are further provided between the multi-stage spraying washing part (1) and the microwave photolysis combined treatment part (2) and are connected in parallel, the inlet ends of the secondary spraying part (5) and the water absorption and dehumidification part (6) are connected with the outlet end of the multi-stage spraying washing part (1) through a humidity detection part (7), and the outlet ends of the secondary spraying part (5) and the water absorption and dehumidification part (6) are connected with the inlet end of the microwave photolysis combined treatment part (2) through a pipeline with an electromagnetic valve.
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