CN112021501A - Preparation method of special antioxidant and water-absorbing steamed bun flour - Google Patents
Preparation method of special antioxidant and water-absorbing steamed bun flour Download PDFInfo
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- CN112021501A CN112021501A CN202010936675.2A CN202010936675A CN112021501A CN 112021501 A CN112021501 A CN 112021501A CN 202010936675 A CN202010936675 A CN 202010936675A CN 112021501 A CN112021501 A CN 112021501A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/198—Dry unshaped finely divided cereal products, not provided for in groups A23L7/117 - A23L7/196 and A23L29/00, e.g. meal, flour, powder, dried cereal creams or extracts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C9/00—Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C9/00—Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain
- B02C9/02—Cutting or splitting grain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C9/00—Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain
- B02C9/04—Systems or sequences of operations; Plant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/04—Stationary flat screens
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
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- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of special anti-oxidation and water-absorption steamed bread flour, which is characterized in that coarse cereal flour with a certain proportion is reasonably mixed with high-gluten wheat flour to obtain the special anti-oxidation and water-absorption steamed bread flour, the taste of formula flour is improved under the condition of reducing the influence of gluten content as much as possible, the anti-oxidation activity of buckwheat flavone is enhanced by adding a buckwheat flavone extract extracted from whole buckwheat flour, the anti-oxidation capacity of nutrition formula flour is enhanced by utilizing the outstanding anti-oxidation activity of buckwheat flavone, the preparation method comprises the steps of crushing raw materials of the special anti-oxidation and water-absorption steamed bread flour by using a mixing crushing device, crushing and grinding the raw materials by using a rotating crushing roller, screening by a screening plate, conveying the screened powder into a drying separation cylinder by a pneumatic conveying pump to be dried, obtaining the powder with small particle size and large dryness, and ensuring that the produced special anti-oxidation and water-absorption steamed bread flour is more fully, the dried powder has stronger water absorption and higher quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of foods, and in particular relates to a preparation method of special antioxidant and water-absorbing flour for steamed bread.
Background
Medical research shows that when a body is subjected to various harmful stimuli, the excessive generation of oxygen radicals and nitrogen radicals in the body or the damage of an antioxidant defense system in cells can cause the excessive accumulation of related metabolites, further damage to the body is caused, namely, the so-called oxidative stress occurs, the body can tolerate mild oxidative stress through self regulation, but severe oxidative stress needs to be responded by supplementing exogenous antioxidants, and various diseases such as glucose metabolism dysfunction, atherosclerosis, hypertension, nephropathy, tumors, Parkinson's disease, senile dementia and the like are related to the oxidative stress of the body, so that the proper increase of the intake level of natural antioxidant nutrients in the diet is helpful for preventing and treating the diseases.
The steamed bread is one of the traditional Chinese wheaten foods, is a food steamed by fermented flour, takes wheat flour as a main raw material, and is one of the daily staple foods of Chinese people.
Therefore, the problems to be solved by the invention are how to solve the problems that the existing flour for steamed bread has poor oxidation resistance, large particle size, difficult absorption by human bodies and poor water absorption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of special anti-oxidation and water-absorption steamed bun flour, which comprises the following steps: (1) the special flour for the antioxidant and water-absorbing steamed bread is obtained by reasonably blending the coarse cereal flour with a certain proportion in the high gluten wheat flour, the taste of the formula flour is improved under the condition of reducing the influence of gluten content as much as possible, the processing quality of the formula flour is improved, the antioxidant function is increased, and meanwhile, the special flour is easily accepted by consumer groups, the tartary buckwheat flavone extract extracted from the whole tartary buckwheat flour is added, the antioxidant activity of the tartary buckwheat flavone is highlighted, the antioxidant capacity of the nutritional formula flour is improved, and the problem of poor antioxidant performance of the existing flour for the steamed bread is solved; (2) the special flour raw material for steamed bread is crushed by using a mixing crushing device, the raw material is put into a feeding box from a feeding hole, the raw material falls into the crushing box, a driving belt pulley is driven to rotate through a speed reducer by the operation of a driving motor, a crushing roller is driven to rotate through a belt and a driven belt pulley, a large-volume raw material is crushed into small blocks through a crushing cutter of the crushing roller, the raw material is ground through the matching between a grinding body and a grinding plate and the friction collision between the raw material, the raw material enters an inner cavity of a screening plate after being ground into powder, the powder enters a receiving hopper through the screening plate, the powder raw material in the receiving hopper is pumped out through a first conveying pipe by the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump, the generated air flow is conveyed to a drying separation cylinder in the tangential direction through a second conveying pipe, the inner cavity of the drying separation cylinder is heated by starting a heating plate in the, the powder raw materials move downwards along the inner wall of the drying separation cylinder to form outward rotation, and are dried at the same time, so that the problems that the existing flour for the steamed bread is large in particle size, difficult to absorb by a human body and poor in water absorption are solved.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the special anti-oxidation and water-absorbing steamed bun flour comprises the following components in parts by weight:
250-300 parts of wheat flour, 50-70 parts of glutinous rice flour, 8-12 parts of black rice flour, 8-12 parts of red date powder, 30-40 parts of soybean protein powder, 30-40 parts of oat powder, 8-12 parts of sesame powder, 15-21 parts of probiotic powder, 3-5 parts of buckwheat powder, 6-10 parts of soybeans, 6-10 parts of mung beans, 6-10 parts of red beans, 10-14 parts of corns, 4-6 parts of sweet potatoes, 3-5 parts of pearl barley, 15-21 parts of whole tartary buckwheat powder, 21-37 parts of nutrition-enhanced auxiliary materials, 10-18 parts of traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials, 9-15 parts of herbal auxiliary materials, 1.7-3.2 parts of amino acid mixture and 2-4 parts of vitamin mixture;
the nutrition-enhanced auxiliary material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of spirulina, 2-4 parts of Chinese yam, 2-4 parts of pine nut, 3-5 parts of lotus root starch, 1-2 parts of almond, 1-2 parts of walnut, 2-4 parts of lotus seed, 4-6 parts of carrot and 4-6 parts of spinach;
wherein the traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of masson's tooth, 0.5-1 part of cluster mallow seeds, 1-2 parts of cassia seeds, 1-2 parts of poria cocos, 1-2 parts of gordon euryale seeds, 0.5-1 part of centella asiatica, 1-2 parts of ginkgo leaves, 2-3 parts of turmeric and 2-3 parts of isatis roots;
the herbal auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of gingko, 1-2 parts of sweet osmanthus, 3-5 parts of honeysuckle and 3-5 parts of aloe;
wherein the amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4-0.8 part of lysine, 0.4-0.8 part of methionine, 0.3-0.5 part of isoleucine, 0.1-0.2 part of leucine, 0.2-0.4 part of threonine and 0.3-0.5 part of L-glutamic acid;
wherein the vitamin mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1 part of vitamin A, 0.5-1 part of vitamin B3, 0.5-1 part of vitamin E and 0.5-1 part of vitamin C;
the special anti-oxidation and water-absorption flour for the steamed buns is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially cleaning weighed soybeans, mung beans, red beans, corns, sweet potatoes, pearl barley, spirulina, Chinese yams, pine nuts, lotus root starch, almonds, walnuts and lotus seeds, airing, drying and mixing the aired materials, putting the materials into a feeding box from a feeding port of a mixing and crushing device, enabling the materials to fall into a crushing box, enabling a crushing roller to rotate through the operation of a driving motor, crushing large-volume materials into small blocks through a crushing knife of the crushing roller, grinding the materials into powder through a grinding body and a grinding plate, enabling the powder materials to fall into a receiving hopper through a screening plate, pumping out the powder materials in the receiving hopper through the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump, conveying the powder materials to a drying and separating cylinder in a tangential direction, moving the powder materials downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating cylinder, drying the powder materials at the same time, and discharging the powder materials from the bottom end of the drying and separating cylinder;
step two: putting the weighed wheat flour, glutinous rice flour, black rice flour, red date powder, soybean protein powder, oat flour, sesame powder, probiotic powder and buckwheat powder into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture II;
step three: putting the weighed tartary buckwheat whole powder into an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 60%, heating and extracting for 2 times, concentrating, standing and cooling, separating and washing precipitated precipitates, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain an extract;
step four: sequentially cleaning the weighed carrots and the spinach, putting the cleaned materials into a juicer to squeeze, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
step five: sequentially grinding and mixing the weighed lysine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, threonine, L-glutamic acid, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B3 and vitamin E to obtain a mixture III;
step six: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially cleaning weighed purslane, cluster mallow seeds, cassia seeds, poria cocos, gordon euryale seeds, centella, ginkgo leaves, turmeric and isatis roots, airing, drying and mixing the aired materials, putting the dried materials into a feeding box from a feeding port of a mixing and crushing device, enabling the raw materials to fall into a crushing box, enabling a crushing roller to rotate through the operation of a driving motor, crushing large-volume raw materials into small blocks through a crushing cutter of the crushing roller, grinding the raw materials into powder through a grinding body and a grinding plate, enabling the powder raw materials to fall into a receiving hopper through a screening plate, pumping out the powder raw materials in the receiving hopper through the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump, conveying the powder raw materials to a drying and separating cylinder in a tangential direction, enabling the powder raw materials to move downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating cylinder, simultaneously drying, and discharging the powder raw materials from the bottom end;
step seven: putting the mixture IV into a prepared supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction kettle for extraction to prepare an extraction liquid;
step eight: decocting the weighed ginkgo, sweet osmanthus, honeysuckle and aloe in water for 1-1.5 h, filtering and concentrating to obtain a concentrated solution;
step nine: and mixing the mixture I, the mixture II, the mixture III, the extract, the mixed solution, the extract liquor and the concentrated solution, standing for 2.5-3 hours at the temperature of 0-3 ℃, freeze-drying, crushing, and sieving with a 160-200-mesh sieve to obtain the special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bread.
As a further scheme of the invention: and in the second step, the stirring speed of the stirring kettle is 800-1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 10-20 min.
As a further scheme of the invention: and when the mixture IV in the step seven is extracted, the extraction pressure is 12-15 MPa, the extraction temperature is 25-30 ℃, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is 1-2L/min, the extraction time is static extraction for 30-60 min, then dynamic extraction is carried out for 1.5-2 h, the separation pressure is 4.0-4.5 MPa, and the separation temperature is 30-35 ℃.
As a further scheme of the invention: the working process of the mixing and crushing equipment in the first step is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning, airing and drying the raw materials of the first mixture or the fourth mixture, then putting the raw materials into a feeding box from a feeding hole, and enabling the raw materials to fall into a crushing box;
step two: starting a driving motor, driving a driving belt pulley to rotate through a speed reducer by the operation of the driving motor, driving a crushing roller to rotate through a belt and a driven belt pulley, crushing large-volume raw materials into small pieces through a crushing cutter of the crushing roller, and grinding the raw materials through the matching between a grinding body and a grinding plate and the friction and collision between the raw materials;
step three: grinding the raw materials into powder, then feeding the powder into an inner cavity of a screening plate, and dropping the powder into a receiving hopper through the screening plate;
step four: starting a pneumatic conveying pump, wherein the pneumatic conveying pump operates to pump out the powder raw material in the receiving hopper through a first conveying pipe, and generates airflow which is conveyed to the drying separation cylinder through a second conveying pipe in a tangential direction;
step five: the hot plate in the drying separation cylinder is started, the temperature of the inner cavity of the drying separation cylinder is raised, the powder raw materials move downwards along the inner wall of the drying separation cylinder to form outward rotation, the powder raw materials are dried simultaneously and are discharged from the bottom end of the drying separation cylinder, a mixture I or a mixture IV is correspondingly obtained, air flow and dried water vapor form inward rotation, and the mixture I or the mixture IV is discharged through an exhaust pipe to finish the crushing and drying process of the raw materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the preparation method of the special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bread provided by the invention has the advantages that the coarse cereal flour is reasonably mixed with the high-gluten wheat flour according to a certain proportion to obtain the special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bread, the taste of the formula flour is improved under the condition of reducing the influence of gluten content as much as possible, the processing quality of the formula flour is improved, the antioxidant function is increased, meanwhile, the taste is easily accepted by consumer groups, the tartary buckwheat flavone extract extracted from the whole tartary buckwheat flour is added, the antioxidant activity of the tartary buckwheat flavone is obviously improved, the antioxidant capacity of the nutritional formula flour is improved, and the free radical inhibition rate of the special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bread is 6.68 multiplied by 10 through detection-2~7.12×10-2The antioxidant capacity is 102.6-108.6 mmol/g, compared with common high-gluten wheat flour, the two antioxidant indexes are respectively improved by more than 40 times and 6 times, and the antioxidant activity effect is very obvious;
(2) the invention relates to a preparation method of special anti-oxidation and water-absorbing steamed bun flour, which comprises the steps of crushing raw materials of the special anti-oxidation and water-absorbing steamed bun flour by using a mixing crushing device, putting the raw materials into a feeding box from a feeding hole, enabling the raw materials to fall into the crushing box, enabling a driving belt pulley to rotate through a speed reducer by the operation of a driving motor, enabling a crushing roller to rotate through a belt and a driven belt pulley, crushing large-volume raw materials into small blocks through a crushing knife of the crushing roller, grinding the raw materials into powder by the cooperation between a grinding body and a grinding plate and the friction collision between the raw materials, enabling the raw materials to enter an inner cavity of a screening plate after being ground into powder, enabling the powder raw materials to fall into a receiving hopper through the screening plate, pumping out the powder raw materials in the receiving hopper through a first conveying pipe by the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump, and generating air, heating the inner cavity of the drying separation cylinder by starting a heating plate in the drying separation cylinder, moving the powder raw material downwards along the inner wall of the drying separation cylinder to form an outward spiral, simultaneously drying, discharging from the bottom end of the drying separation cylinder to obtain a corresponding mixture I or mixture IV, forming an inward spiral by airflow and dried steam, and discharging through an exhaust pipe to finish the crushing and drying process of the raw material; this mix crushing apparatus smashes the raw materials through pivoted crushing roller, grinds, passes through the little powder of screening board screening particle diameter, carries the powder of selecting to stoving cylinder through pneumatic transfer pump and dries in, obtains the little and big powder of quality of particle diameter, and is compatible more abundant with other raw materials for the special powder of the easy steamed bun that absorbs of anti-oxidant of production easily absorbs water easily absorbs, and the powder hydroscopicity through drying process is stronger, and the quality is higher.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a mixing and pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the mixing and pulverizing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first perspective view of the shredder mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second perspective view of the shredder mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the interior of the crush box of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the crushing blade according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view taken at A of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view at B of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a drying mechanism in the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a crushing mechanism; 200. a drying mechanism; 300. a pneumatic transfer pump; 400. a first delivery pipe; 500. a second delivery pipe; 101. a feeding box; 102. a crushing box; 103. a receiving hopper; 104. a support frame; 105. a material blocking curtain; 106. a driven pulley; 107. a hydraulic cylinder; 108. a linkage shaft; 109. a speed reducer; 110. a drive motor; 111. mounting a plate; 112. a protective cover; 113. a feed inlet; 114. a weight wheel; 115. a crushing roller; 116. a drive pulley; 117. rotating the main shaft; 118. a crushing knife; 119. a grinding body; 120. a grinding plate; 121. screening the plate; 201. drying the separating cylinder; 202. a sealing cover; 203. an exhaust pipe; 204. and (4) hanging hooks.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 9, this embodiment is a preparation method of a special anti-oxidation and water-absorbing flour for steamed bread, which includes the following components in parts by weight:
250 parts of wheat flour, 50 parts of glutinous rice flour, 8 parts of black rice flour, 8 parts of red date powder, 30 parts of soybean protein powder, 30 parts of oat powder, 8 parts of sesame powder, 15 parts of probiotic powder, 3 parts of buckwheat powder, 6 parts of soybeans, 6 parts of mung beans, 6 parts of red beans, 10 parts of corns, 4 parts of sweet potatoes, 3 parts of pearl barley, 15 parts of tartary buckwheat whole powder, 21 parts of nutrition-enhancing auxiliary materials, 10 parts of traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials, 9 parts of herbal auxiliary materials, 1.7 parts of amino acid mixtures and 2 parts of vitamin mixtures;
the nutrition-enhanced auxiliary material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of spirulina, 2 parts of Chinese yam, 2 parts of pine nut, 3 parts of lotus root starch, 1 part of almond, 1 part of walnut, 2 parts of lotus seed, 4 parts of carrot and 4 parts of spinach;
the traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of mazzing, 0.5 part of cluster mallow seed, 1 part of cassia seed, 1 part of tuckahoe, 1 part of gordon euryale seed, 0.5 part of centella, 1 part of ginkgo leaf, 2 parts of turmeric and 2 parts of isatis root;
the herbal auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of ginkgo, 1 part of sweet osmanthus, 3 parts of honeysuckle and 3 parts of aloe;
wherein the amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 part of lysine, 0.4 part of methionine, 0.3 part of isoleucine, 0.1 part of leucine, 0.2 part of threonine and 0.3 part of L-glutamic acid;
wherein the vitamin mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of vitamin A, 0.5 part of vitamin B3, 0.5 part of vitamin E and 0.5 part of vitamin C;
the special anti-oxidation and water-absorption flour for the steamed buns is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially cleaning weighed soybeans, mung beans, red beans, corns, sweet potatoes, pearl barley, spirulina, Chinese yams, pine nuts, lotus root starch, almonds, walnuts and lotus seeds, airing, drying and mixing the aired materials, putting the materials into a feeding box from a feeding port of a mixing and crushing device, enabling the materials to fall into a crushing box, enabling a crushing roller to rotate through the operation of a driving motor, crushing large-volume materials into small blocks through a crushing knife of the crushing roller, grinding the materials into powder through a grinding body and a grinding plate, enabling the powder materials to fall into a receiving hopper through a screening plate, pumping out the powder materials in the receiving hopper through the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump, conveying the powder materials to a drying and separating cylinder in a tangential direction, moving the powder materials downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating cylinder, drying the powder materials at the same time, and discharging the powder materials from the bottom end of the drying and separating cylinder;
step two: putting the weighed wheat flour, glutinous rice flour, black rice flour, red date powder, soybean protein powder, oat flour, sesame powder, probiotic powder and buckwheat powder into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture II;
step three: putting the weighed tartary buckwheat whole powder into an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 60%, heating and extracting for 2 times, concentrating, standing and cooling, separating and washing precipitated precipitates, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain an extract;
step four: sequentially cleaning the weighed carrots and the spinach, putting the cleaned materials into a juicer to squeeze, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
step five: sequentially grinding and mixing the weighed lysine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, threonine, L-glutamic acid, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B3 and vitamin E to obtain a mixture III;
step six: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially cleaning weighed purslane, cluster mallow seeds, cassia seeds, poria cocos, gordon euryale seeds, centella, ginkgo leaves, turmeric and isatis roots, airing, drying and mixing the aired materials, putting the dried materials into a feeding box from a feeding port of a mixing and crushing device, enabling the raw materials to fall into a crushing box, enabling a crushing roller to rotate through the operation of a driving motor, crushing large-volume raw materials into small blocks through a crushing cutter of the crushing roller, grinding the raw materials into powder through a grinding body and a grinding plate, enabling the powder raw materials to fall into a receiving hopper through a screening plate, pumping out the powder raw materials in the receiving hopper through the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump, conveying the powder raw materials to a drying and separating cylinder in a tangential direction, enabling the powder raw materials to move downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating cylinder, simultaneously drying, and discharging the powder raw materials from the bottom end;
step seven: putting the mixture IV into a prepared supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction kettle for extraction to prepare an extraction liquid;
step eight: decocting the weighed ginkgo, sweet osmanthus, honeysuckle and aloe in water for 1h, filtering and concentrating to obtain a concentrated solution;
step nine: and mixing the mixture I, the mixture II, the mixture III, the extract, the mixed solution, the extract liquor and the concentrated solution, standing at the temperature of 0 ℃ for 2.5 hours, freeze-drying, crushing, and sieving with a 160-mesh sieve to obtain the special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bread.
And in the second step, the stirring speed of the stirring kettle is 800rpm, and the stirring time is 10 min.
And C, when the mixture C in the step seven is extracted, the extraction pressure is 12MPa, the extraction temperature is 25 ℃, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is 1L/min, the extraction time is static extraction for 30min, then dynamic extraction is carried out for 1.5h, the separation pressure is 4.0MPa, and the separation temperature is 30 ℃.
The special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bun in the embodiment 1 is detected, and the detection result is as follows: radical inhibition rate: 6.68X 10-2(ii) a Oxidation resistance: 102.6 mmol/g;
example 2:
referring to fig. 1 to 9, this embodiment is a preparation method of a special anti-oxidation and water-absorbing flour for steamed bread, which includes the following components in parts by weight:
300 parts of wheat flour, 70 parts of glutinous rice flour, 12 parts of black rice flour, 12 parts of red date powder, 40 parts of soybean protein powder, 40 parts of oat powder, 12 parts of sesame powder, 21 parts of probiotic powder, 5 parts of buckwheat powder, 10 parts of soybeans, 10 parts of mung beans, 10 parts of red beans, 14 parts of corns, 6 parts of sweet potatoes, 5 parts of pearl barley, 21 parts of tartary buckwheat whole powder, 37 parts of nutrition enhancing auxiliary materials, 18 parts of traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials, 15 parts of herbal auxiliary materials, 3.2 parts of amino acid mixture and 4 parts of vitamin mixture;
the nutrition-enhanced auxiliary material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of spirulina, 4 parts of Chinese yam, 4 parts of pine nut, 5 parts of lotus root starch, 2 parts of almond, 2 parts of walnut, 4 parts of lotus seed, 6 parts of carrot and 6 parts of spinach;
the traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of maozhexus, 1 part of cluster mallow seed, 2 parts of cassia seed, 2 parts of tuckahoe, 2 parts of gordon euryale seed, 1 part of asiatic centella, 2 parts of ginkgo leaf, 3 parts of turmeric and 3 parts of isatis root;
the herbal auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of ginkgo, 2 parts of sweet osmanthus, 5 parts of honeysuckle and 5 parts of aloe;
wherein the amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.8 part of lysine, 0.8 part of methionine, 0.5 part of isoleucine, 0.2 part of leucine, 0.4 part of threonine and 0.5 part of L-glutamic acid;
wherein the vitamin mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of vitamin A, 1 part of vitamin B3, 1 part of vitamin E and 1 part of vitamin C;
the special anti-oxidation and water-absorption flour for the steamed buns is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially cleaning weighed soybeans, mung beans, red beans, corns, sweet potatoes, pearl barley, spirulina, Chinese yams, pine nuts, lotus root starch, almonds, walnuts and lotus seeds, airing, drying and mixing the aired materials, putting the materials into a feeding box from a feeding port of a mixing and crushing device, enabling the materials to fall into a crushing box, enabling a crushing roller to rotate through the operation of a driving motor, crushing large-volume materials into small blocks through a crushing knife of the crushing roller, grinding the materials into powder through a grinding body and a grinding plate, enabling the powder materials to fall into a receiving hopper through a screening plate, pumping out the powder materials in the receiving hopper through the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump, conveying the powder materials to a drying and separating cylinder in a tangential direction, moving the powder materials downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating cylinder, drying the powder materials at the same time, and discharging the powder materials from the bottom end of the drying and separating cylinder;
step two: putting the weighed wheat flour, glutinous rice flour, black rice flour, red date powder, soybean protein powder, oat flour, sesame powder, probiotic powder and buckwheat powder into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture II;
step three: putting the weighed tartary buckwheat whole powder into an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 60%, heating and extracting for 2 times, concentrating, standing and cooling, separating and washing precipitated precipitates, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain an extract;
step four: sequentially cleaning the weighed carrots and the spinach, putting the cleaned materials into a juicer to squeeze, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
step five: sequentially grinding and mixing the weighed lysine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, threonine, L-glutamic acid, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B3 and vitamin E to obtain a mixture III;
step six: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially cleaning weighed purslane, cluster mallow seeds, cassia seeds, poria cocos, gordon euryale seeds, centella, ginkgo leaves, turmeric and isatis roots, airing, drying and mixing the aired materials, putting the dried materials into a feeding box from a feeding port of a mixing and crushing device, enabling the raw materials to fall into a crushing box, enabling a crushing roller to rotate through the operation of a driving motor, crushing large-volume raw materials into small blocks through a crushing cutter of the crushing roller, grinding the raw materials into powder through a grinding body and a grinding plate, enabling the powder raw materials to fall into a receiving hopper through a screening plate, pumping out the powder raw materials in the receiving hopper through the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump, conveying the powder raw materials to a drying and separating cylinder in a tangential direction, enabling the powder raw materials to move downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating cylinder, simultaneously drying, and discharging the powder raw materials from the bottom end;
step seven: putting the mixture IV into a prepared supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction kettle for extraction to prepare an extraction liquid;
step eight: decocting the weighed ginkgo, sweet osmanthus, honeysuckle and aloe in water for 1.5h, filtering and concentrating to obtain a concentrated solution;
step nine: and mixing the mixture I, the mixture II, the mixture III, the extract, the mixed solution, the extract liquor and the concentrated solution, standing for 3 hours at the temperature of 3 ℃, freeze-drying, crushing, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bread.
And in the second step, the stirring speed of the stirring kettle is 1000rpm, and the stirring time is 20 min.
And C, when the mixture C in the step seven is extracted, the extraction pressure is 15MPa, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is 2L/min, the extraction time is firstly static extraction for 60min, then dynamic extraction is carried out for 2h, the separation pressure is 4.5MPa, and the separation temperature is 35 ℃.
The special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bun in the embodiment 2 is detected, and the detection result is as follows: radical inhibition rate: 7.12X 10-2(ii) a Oxidation resistance: 108.6 mmol/g;
example 3:
referring to fig. 1 to 9, the mixing and pulverizing apparatus in the present embodiment includes a pulverizing mechanism 100, a drying mechanism 200, a pneumatic conveying pump 300, a first conveying pipe 400 and a second conveying pipe 500, wherein the bottom of the pulverizing mechanism 100 is connected to the first conveying pipe 400, one end of the first conveying pipe 400 away from the pulverizing mechanism 100 is connected to an input port of the pneumatic conveying pump 300, the second conveying pipe 500 is installed on an output port of the pneumatic conveying pump 300, and one end of the second conveying pipe 500 away from the pneumatic conveying pump 300 is tangentially connected to a top of one side of the drying mechanism 200;
the crushing mechanism 100 comprises a feeding box 101, a crushing box 102, a receiving hopper 103, a supporting frame 104, a speed reducer 109 and a driving motor 110, wherein the speed reducer 109 and the driving motor 110 are installed at the top of one end of the supporting frame 104, the speed reducer 109 is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor 110, a driving belt pulley 116 is sleeved on the output shaft of the speed reducer 109, the receiving hopper 103 is installed on the top of one end, away from the speed reducer 109 and of the driving motor 110, of the supporting frame 104 in a penetrating manner, the feeding box 101 is installed on one side of the top of the receiving hopper 103 in a rotating manner, a feeding hole 113 is formed in one side of the feeding box 101, and a material;
mounting plates 111 are mounted at two ends of the top of one side face of the support frame 104, the two mounting plates 111 are respectively sleeved at two ends of a linkage shaft 108, the mounting plates 111 are rotatably connected with the linkage shaft 108, hydraulic cylinders 107 are sleeved at two ends of the linkage shaft 108, and end parts of piston connecting rods of the two hydraulic cylinders 107 are respectively connected to two sides of the bottom of the feeding box 101;
a driven pulley 106 and a protective cover 112 are respectively arranged on two sides of the receiving hopper 103, the driven pulley 106 is connected to a driving pulley 116 through a belt, the bottom end of the protective cover 112 is mounted on the supporting frame 104, a weight wheel 114 is arranged in an inner cavity of the protective cover 112, the weight wheel 114 and the driven pulley 106 are respectively sleeved on two ends of a crushing roller 115, and the crushing roller 115 is mounted on the crushing box 102 in a penetrating manner;
the crushing roller 115 comprises a rotating main shaft 117, crushing blades 118 and grinding bodies 119, wherein the rotating main shaft 117 is sleeved with a plurality of crushing blades 118 and grinding bodies 119, the crushing blades 118 are installed between adjacent grinding bodies 119, and the grinding bodies 119 are irregular prisms;
the bottom of the crushing box 102 is in a closed state, the outer walls of the two sides of the bottom of the crushing box 102 are obliquely and inwards provided with a plurality of grinding plates 120 in a concave manner, the grinding plates 120 are positioned in the inner cavity of the crushing box 102 and are in a convex shape, screening plates 121 are arranged between every two adjacent grinding plates 120, each screening plate 121 is in a hollow structure, and the bottom end of each screening plate 121 is communicated to the material receiving hopper 103;
Experimental example 1: the antioxidant performance of the wheat flour is detected, and the detection result is as follows:
radical inhibition rate: 1.58X 10-1(ii) a Oxidation resistance: 16.8 mmol/g;
experimental example 2: detecting the oxidation resistance of the oat powder, wherein the detection result is as follows:
radical inhibition rate: 5.43X 10-2(ii) a Oxidation resistance: 90.3 mmol/g;
experimental example 3: detecting the oxidation resistance of the sorghum flour, wherein the detection result is as follows:
radical inhibition rate: 5.98X 10-2(ii) a Oxidation resistance: 35.5 mmol/g;
experimental example 4: the antioxidant performance of the corn flour is detected, and the detection result is as follows:
radical inhibition rate: 4.1X 10-2(ii) a Oxidation resistance: 34.78 mmol/g;
the radical inhibition ratios of examples 1 to 2 and experimental examples 1 to 4 were measured by the DPPH method, and the antioxidant ability was measured by the FRAP method.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the operation of the mixing and pulverizing apparatus in this embodiment is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning, airing and drying the raw materials of the first mixture or the fourth mixture, then putting the raw materials into the feeding box 101 from the feeding hole 113, and enabling the raw materials to fall into the crushing box 102;
step two: starting a driving motor 110, driving the driving motor 110 to rotate through a speed reducer 109 to drive a driving belt pulley 116 to rotate, driving a crushing roller 115 to rotate through a belt and a driven belt pulley 106, crushing large-volume raw materials into small pieces through a crushing cutter 118 of the crushing roller 115, and grinding the raw materials through the matching between a grinding body 119 and a grinding plate 120 and the friction collision between the raw materials;
step three: grinding the raw materials into powder, then feeding the powder into an inner cavity of a screening plate 121, and dropping the powder into a receiving hopper 103 through the screening plate 121;
step four: starting the pneumatic conveying pump 300, wherein the pneumatic conveying pump 300 operates to pump out the powder raw material in the receiving hopper 103 through the first conveying pipe 400, and generates an air flow to be conveyed to the drying separation cylinder 201 through the second conveying pipe 500 in a tangential direction;
step five: the heating plate in the drying and separating cylinder 201 is started, the temperature of the inner cavity of the drying and separating cylinder 201 is raised, the powder raw materials move downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating cylinder 201 to form outward rotation, meanwhile, the powder raw materials are dried and discharged from the bottom end of the drying and separating cylinder 201, a mixture I or a mixture IV is correspondingly obtained, air flow and dried water vapor form inward rotation and are discharged through the exhaust pipe 203, and the crushing and drying processes of the raw materials are completed.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the special anti-oxidation and water-absorption steamed bun flour is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
250-300 parts of wheat flour, 50-70 parts of glutinous rice flour, 8-12 parts of black rice flour, 8-12 parts of red date powder, 30-40 parts of soybean protein powder, 30-40 parts of oat powder, 8-12 parts of sesame powder, 15-21 parts of probiotic powder, 3-5 parts of buckwheat powder, 6-10 parts of soybeans, 6-10 parts of mung beans, 6-10 parts of red beans, 10-14 parts of corns, 4-6 parts of sweet potatoes, 3-5 parts of pearl barley, 15-21 parts of whole tartary buckwheat powder, 21-37 parts of nutrition-enhanced auxiliary materials, 10-18 parts of traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials, 9-15 parts of herbal auxiliary materials, 1.7-3.2 parts of amino acid mixture and 2-4 parts of vitamin mixture;
the nutrition-enhanced auxiliary material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of spirulina, 2-4 parts of Chinese yam, 2-4 parts of pine nut, 3-5 parts of lotus root starch, 1-2 parts of almond, 1-2 parts of walnut, 2-4 parts of lotus seed, 4-6 parts of carrot and 4-6 parts of spinach;
wherein the traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of masson's tooth, 0.5-1 part of cluster mallow seeds, 1-2 parts of cassia seeds, 1-2 parts of poria cocos, 1-2 parts of gordon euryale seeds, 0.5-1 part of centella asiatica, 1-2 parts of ginkgo leaves, 2-3 parts of turmeric and 2-3 parts of isatis roots;
the herbal auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of gingko, 1-2 parts of sweet osmanthus, 3-5 parts of honeysuckle and 3-5 parts of aloe;
wherein the amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4-0.8 part of lysine, 0.4-0.8 part of methionine, 0.3-0.5 part of isoleucine, 0.1-0.2 part of leucine, 0.2-0.4 part of threonine and 0.3-0.5 part of L-glutamic acid;
wherein the vitamin mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1 part of vitamin A, 0.5-1 part of vitamin B3, 0.5-1 part of vitamin E and 0.5-1 part of vitamin C;
the special anti-oxidation and water-absorption flour for the steamed buns is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of cleaning weighed soybeans, mung beans, red beans, corns, sweet potatoes, pearl barley, spirulina, Chinese yams, pine nuts, lotus root starch, almonds, walnuts and lotus seeds in sequence, airing, drying and mixing the aired materials, then putting the materials into a feeding box (101) from a feeding hole (113) of a mixing and crushing device, enabling the materials to fall into a crushing box (102), enabling a crushing roller (115) to rotate through the operation of a driving motor (110), crushing large-volume materials into small blocks through a crushing knife (118) of the crushing roller (115), grinding the materials into powder through a grinding body (119) and a grinding plate (120), enabling the powder materials to fall into a receiving hopper (103) through a screening plate (121), pumping out the powder materials in the receiving hopper (103) through the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump (300) and conveying the powder materials to a drying and separating cylinder (201) in a tangential direction, and enabling the powder materials to move downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating cylinder (201), simultaneously drying, and discharging from the bottom end of the drying and separating cylinder (201) to obtain a first mixture;
step two: putting the weighed wheat flour, glutinous rice flour, black rice flour, red date powder, soybean protein powder, oat flour, sesame powder, probiotic powder and buckwheat powder into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture II;
step three: putting the weighed tartary buckwheat whole powder into an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 60%, heating and extracting for 2 times, concentrating, standing and cooling, separating and washing precipitated precipitates, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain an extract;
step four: sequentially cleaning the weighed carrots and the spinach, putting the cleaned materials into a juicer to squeeze, and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
step five: sequentially grinding and mixing the weighed lysine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, threonine, L-glutamic acid, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B3 and vitamin E to obtain a mixture III;
step six: the method comprises the steps of sequentially cleaning and airing weighed purslane, cluster mallow seeds, cassia seeds, poria cocos, gordon euryale seeds, centella, ginkgo leaves, turmeric and radix isatidis, drying the aired materials, drying and mixing the aired materials, then putting the dried materials into a feeding box (101) from a feeding hole (113) of a mixing and crushing device, enabling the raw materials to fall into a crushing box (102), enabling a crushing roller (115) to rotate through the operation of a driving motor (110), crushing large-volume raw materials into small blocks through a crushing cutter (118) of the crushing roller (115), grinding the raw materials into powder through a grinding body (119) and a grinding plate (120), enabling the powder raw materials to fall into a receiving hopper (103) through a screening plate (121), pumping out the powder raw materials in the receiving hopper (103) through the operation of a pneumatic conveying pump (300) and conveying the powder raw materials to a drying and separating cylinder (201) in a tangential direction, and enabling the powder raw materials to move downwards along the inner wall of the drying and separating, simultaneously drying, and discharging from the bottom end of the drying separation cylinder (201) to obtain a mixture IV;
step seven: putting the mixture IV into a prepared supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction kettle for extraction to prepare an extraction liquid;
step eight: decocting the weighed ginkgo, sweet osmanthus, honeysuckle and aloe in water for 1-1.5 h, filtering and concentrating to obtain a concentrated solution;
step nine: and mixing the mixture I, the mixture II, the mixture III, the extract, the mixed solution, the extract liquor and the concentrated solution, standing for 2.5-3 hours at the temperature of 0-3 ℃, freeze-drying, crushing, and sieving with a 160-200-mesh sieve to obtain the special flour for the antioxidant water-absorbing steamed bread.
2. The preparation method of the special antioxidant water-absorbing flour for steamed bread as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the stirring speed of the stirring kettle is 800-1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 10-20 min.
3. The preparation method of the special antioxidant water-absorbing flour for steamed bread as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the mixture four in the step seven is extracted, the extraction pressure is 12-15 MPa, the extraction temperature is 25-30 ℃, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is 1-2L/min, the extraction time is static extraction for 30-60 min, then dynamic extraction is carried out for 1.5-2 h, the separation pressure is 4.0-4.5 MPa, and the separation temperature is 30-35 ℃.
4. The preparation method of the special antioxidant and water-absorbing flour for steamed bread as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing and pulverizing equipment in the first step is operated as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning, airing and drying the raw materials of the first mixture or the fourth mixture, then putting the raw materials into a feeding box (101) from a feeding hole (113), and enabling the raw materials to fall into a crushing box (102);
step two: starting a driving motor (110), wherein the driving motor (110) runs to drive a driving belt pulley (116) to rotate through a speed reducer (109), a crushing roller (115) is driven to rotate through a belt and a driven belt pulley (106), a large-volume raw material is crushed into small blocks through a crushing cutter (118) of the crushing roller (115), and the raw material is ground through the matching between a grinding body (119) and a grinding plate (120) and the friction collision between the raw materials;
step three: grinding the raw materials into powder, then feeding the powder into an inner cavity of a screening plate (121), and dropping the powder into a receiving hopper (103) through the screening plate (121);
step four: starting a pneumatic conveying pump (300), wherein the pneumatic conveying pump (300) runs to pump out the powder raw material in the receiving hopper (103) through a first conveying pipe (400), and generates airflow which is conveyed to the drying separation cylinder (201) through a second conveying pipe (500) in a tangential direction;
step five: the heating plate in the drying separation cylinder (201) is started, the temperature of the inner cavity of the drying separation cylinder (201) is raised, the powder raw materials move downwards along the inner wall of the drying separation cylinder (201) to form outward rotation, meanwhile, drying is carried out, the powder raw materials are discharged from the bottom end of the drying separation cylinder (201), a mixture I or a mixture IV is correspondingly obtained, air flow and dried water vapor form inward rotation and are discharged through an exhaust pipe (203), and the crushing and drying processes of the raw materials are completed.
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CN101066063A (en) * | 2007-05-28 | 2007-11-07 | 山西省农业科学院农产品综合利用研究所 | Antioxidant nutritious various-grain flour |
CN101342504A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2009-01-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | High-voltage panel type grinding equipment and its processing method |
CN109907221A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-21 | 安徽皖雪食品有限公司 | One kind having antioxidant nutritious various-grain flour and preparation method |
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2020
- 2020-09-08 CN CN202010936675.2A patent/CN112021501A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101066063A (en) * | 2007-05-28 | 2007-11-07 | 山西省农业科学院农产品综合利用研究所 | Antioxidant nutritious various-grain flour |
CN101342504A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2009-01-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | High-voltage panel type grinding equipment and its processing method |
CN109907221A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-21 | 安徽皖雪食品有限公司 | One kind having antioxidant nutritious various-grain flour and preparation method |
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