CN112020583A

CN112020583A - Roller, calender and method for mounting and dismounting roller on calender

Info

Publication number: CN112020583A
Application number: CN201980027168.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: A·安妮肯斯; U·西伯斯
Original assignee: Andritz Kuesters GmbH
Current assignee: Andritz Kuesters GmbH
Priority date: 2018-05-09
Filing date: 2019-04-16
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Also published as: DE102018111229A1; EP3791017A1; WO2019214913A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a roller (10a, 10b) for processing non-woven goods webs, textile goods webs, plastic goods webs or paper goods webs, comprising a roller body (11) forming a working circumference (15), on both axial end regions of which roller bodies axially project roller pins (12, 12 ') that are set back relative to the working circumference (15), on which roller pins bearing receptacles (30, 30') are arranged in each case for supporting the roller (10a, 10 b). At least one coupling element (31, 32) that can be coupled at least to the lifting means (40) in a form-fitting manner is formed on the bearing receptacle (30, 30').

Description

Roller, calender and method for mounting and dismounting roller on calender

Technical Field

The invention relates to a roll for processing a nonwoven, textile, plastic or paper goods web or one or more composite materials comprising these materials, a calender for receiving at least one roll and a method for mounting and dismounting a roll relative to a calender.

Background

Rolls for processing nonwoven, woven, plastic or paper goods webs, for example, in most cases when used with calenders, usually have a rotationally symmetrical roll body or roll section forming a working circumference, and roll pins or roll pin sections for supporting the roll, which are set back relative to the working circumference, each project axially on both axial end regions of the roll body or roll section. Such a roller can be designed as a one-piece conventional roller, such as a gravure roller/embossing roller, or as a roller made of a plurality of components, such as a roller with controllable curvature, for example a floating roller. In the region of the roller pins, in general for supporting or resting the rollers on a supporting position or for mounting the rollers on an apparatus, for example an apparatus for processing nonwoven goods webs, textile goods webs, plastic goods webs or paper goods webs, bearing receptacles (also referred to as bearing housings or bearing brackets) are respectively arranged which radially surround the respective roller pin at least in one axial section. In this case, in particular in the case of rollers with controllable bending and/or floating support, the bearing receptacles can be fixedly connected to the roller pins and are therefore formed as part of the carrier which carries the roller body. Furthermore, in the last-mentioned roller, a pivot bearing, a ball cutter or a self-aligning bearing can be arranged between the bearing receptacle and the roller axis or the shaft axis. In conventional rollers, the bearing receptacle usually surrounds a bearing, such as a ball bearing or a roller bearing, arranged between the roller pin and the bearing receptacle at least radially. Such rollers typically have an outer diameter in the region of the working circumference of between about 400mm and 800mm, preferably between 550mm and 700 mm. The working circumference (also referred to as the roller length) extends in the axial direction mostly between 1m and 10m, preferably between 3m and 7 m. Typical roll weights are therefore between 3t and 30t, preferably between 8t and 18 t.

In calenders, in particular calenders for processing nonwoven goods webs, textile goods webs, plastic goods webs or paper goods webs, it is known to transport the goods web in an advancing direction for processing the goods web and to guide the goods web through a processing gap formed by a roll (also known as a processing roll) located in a working position together with a pairing tool, such as a pairing roll.

In such processing, there is often a need to at least replace or exchange the processing rollers. For reasons, the following are listed exemplarily:

-reaching the wear limit of the processing roller.

Changes in the finished product as a result of the replacement of the processing roller with a changed surface structure and/or surface properties, for example a changed intaglio (Gravur), lining material, lining hardness, etc.

-surface temperature changes of the processing roller that have a critical effect on the finished product; such temperature changes can be effected relatively quickly at regular intervals by replacing the machining roller with a further roller with a pre-hold of the desired temperature, since roller surface temperature changes can often only be effected at 1K/min to 3K/min in order to avoid thermal stresses in the roller material.

Therefore, there is often a desire to replace machining rollers. For this purpose, calenders are known in which the rapid replacement of the working rolls can be achieved by means of one or more pivoting or moving levers arranged on the calender and carrying one or more rolls respectively. For the sake of greater clarity, the term pivoting lever is used only in the following, wherein this term is also to be understood as a roller moving or displacing device, in particular without an actual pivotable pivoting lever. Furthermore, classical calenders, in particular two-roll calenders, are known in which the rolls are held in a fixed position on, for example, a C-or U-shaped stand by means of roll locks, and in order to form the working gap, the pairing tool, which is in most cases arranged below and is usually also configured as a roll, is vertically adjustable.

DE10005306C1 discloses, for example, a calenderIn the calender, two processing rollers are provided, each supported on a pair of pivoting levers, which can be displaced alternately from a parking position into a working position and vice versa. Thus, although the replacement of the two rollers fixed on the pivoting lever can be achieved in a relatively short time, the number of rollers ready for replacement is very limited. If a different roller than the one arranged on the pivot lever is to be machined, one of the rollers must first be removed from the respective pivot lever pair and the desired roller mounted in a relatively complex manner. In particular, for the disassembly, the pair of pivoting levers (depending on the design) must first be brought into a maximally movable parking position projecting outwards from the calender; manually disengaging the, in particular relatively large, bolt connecting the roller with the pivoting lever; tensioning two rope sleeves of the crane around the rollers; and then lift the roller from its seat in a particularly careful manner to avoid collision with the second pivoting lever. In this case, there is in particular the risk that the cable, for example in the event of sagging, and/or the tools required for releasing the screw, reaches into the machining gap. For example, such fixing bolts usually have a bolt stress cross section (mm)²) The stress cross section of the screw corresponds to at least ten times the weight (t) of the roller, so that great damage can occur if the screw or a correspondingly large-dimensioned tool is dropped. In this case, long equipment down times and manufacturing downtime can result. The desired mounting of the rollers on the pair of pivoting levers is also not less complicated and not less risky. In this case, therefore, the roller suspended on the cable loop must first be oriented relative to the pivot lever, lowered, possibly repositioned, and fixed to the pivot lever by means of a screw, wherein the risk of the tool or the cable penetrating into the machining gap is also evident here. Therefore, the manufacture of the article web is often interrupted during such roller replacement.

Such a replacement of the roller from the pivot lever is therefore associated with a relatively large expenditure of time, work and costs. Furthermore, in the known fastening of the rollers to the processing device or lifting means, there is always the danger that tools, ropes, bolts or other auxiliary means accidentally fall into the processing device, onto the product web and in the worst case into the roller gap or processing gap, and can thus cause considerable damage.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a roll, a calender and a method for mounting and dismounting a roll relative to a calender which improve at least one of the above-mentioned disadvantages and in particular enable a particularly reliable, rapid and uncomplicated replacement of the roll and a precise and play-free support of the roll on the calender.

The invention solves the proposed task by means of a roll having the features of the main claim, by means of a calender having the features of claim 8 and by means of a method having the features of claims 17 and 19, respectively. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

According to the invention, at least one coupling element is formed on the bearing receptacle, which can be coupled to the lifting means in a form-fitting manner. In this way, the roller can be coupled in a particularly simple manner to a mating coupling element of the lifting device, such as a transport beam, so that the roller can be replaced particularly quickly by another roller, for example on a calender. Furthermore, the second roll, which is optionally arranged on the calender, can remain in use as a processing roll during the exchange. In particular, the rollers may be replaced during manufacture. The coupling element and the counter-coupling element are in particular each designed as a form-locking element for forming a form-locking connection. In this way, a particularly uncomplicated and reliable coupling of the roller to the lifting means can be achieved. In particular, no tools or other auxiliary devices, such as ropes or bolts, are required for the replacement of the rollers, so that the risk or risk that such components may be lost and may reach the running goods web or, in the worst case, into the roller gap or the processing gap is minimized. It should be clear that a lifting means is to be understood to mean, in particular, a lifting device for lifting, lowering and transporting a roller, such as a crane, a ground transport vehicle or a transport crossbeam, and that, correspondingly, the coupling element and the counter-coupling element are each designed such that they are each suitable for lifting, supporting, fixing and/or pulling a roller, for example for transporting, mounting or dismounting a roller. The bearing receptacle or the bearing housing preferably has an outer dimension with a value of between 0.6 and 2 times the roller diameter, preferably between 0.9 and 1.3 times the roller diameter.

Preferably, the coupling elements of the bearing mount project radially outward in the direction of the roller pin or the roller longitudinal axis, preferably on the peripheral side of the flat configuration of the bearing mount. For this purpose, the bearing receptacle preferably has a polygonal peripheral contour, for example with 8 corners, wherein it should be clear that a peripheral contour is to be understood as an outer contour of the bearing receptacle viewed in the axial direction of the roller. In this way, the coupling element can be coupled particularly easily and quickly to a lifting device which can be moved in most cases from the radial outside to the roller, and can be coupled with a corresponding counter-coupling element for a form-fitting connection.

Preferably, the coupling element is configured as a mounted eyelet or grommet with a through opening. For coupling or for establishing a form-locking connection, a mating coupling element, which is designed as a bolt, for example, can be pushed axially into the bore and preferably locked against falling out. The coupling can also be reversed, for example, in that the bearing receptacle has a projecting pin which can be coupled to an eyelet or button hole of the lifting device. The peg may for example have an outer diameter of between 40mm and 140mm, preferably between 70mm and 100 mm. The thickness of the perforations or grommets in the axial direction of the roller is preferably between 40mm and 100mm, particularly preferably between 60mm and 80 mm. Alternatively, in addition to the orientation of the roller relative to the lifting means and/or the calender, the coupling element, the bearing receptacle, the mating coupling element and/or the device having the mating coupling element can each have a shaping corresponding to one another, in particular a shaping for embedding or pushing the two components to be connected to one another into one another. For example, the counter-coupling element arranged on the calender can have a recess, such as a T-shaped groove, into which a T-shaped insertion element, which serves as a coupling element, arranged on the bearing receptacle can be inserted for at least temporary fixing of the roll on the calender. Alternative shaping elements, such as groove-shaped recesses arranged on the calender side and hook-shaped retaining elements which can engage into the grooves on the roll side, can also be provided. The component pushed or inserted into the recess can then be locked by a bolt configured as a mating coupling element.

Preferably, the through-openings are oriented substantially parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the roller. In this way, an advantageous relative movement, in particular a rotational movement, can be achieved between the coupling element and a counter-coupling element arranged on the processing device, for example a calender, in particular a tensioning lever which fixes the counter-coupling element. Furthermore, a rotation or pivoting of the roller suspended on the lifting device can be achieved in this way, which can be advantageous in particular when the roller is inserted into the processing device. In particular, the roller can thus be positioned point-accurately. Furthermore, a lateral displacement of the lifting device in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis formed by the bearing receptacle and the roll towards the coupling element can be achieved, which is advantageous in particular when the lifting device is displaced towards a roll embedded in the calender.

Particularly preferably, the coupling element is configured to be selectively couplable not only to a mating coupling element of a lifting device, such as a crane, a ground transport or a transport beam, but also to a mating coupling element of an apparatus for processing a nonwoven, textile, plastic or paper goods web, such as a calender. The coupling element can thereby fulfill several functions, and the roller can thus be produced in a relatively cost-effective manner. In the case of the coupling element being configured as an eyelet, the eyelet can preferably be selectively coupled with a carrying bolt of the lifting device and alternatively with a fixing bolt of the calender.

Preferably, the bearing receptacle has two coupling elements which are arranged at an angle of at least 30 ° relative to one another in a plane formed perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the bearing receptacle and the roller. This makes it possible to couple the first coupling element to the lifting device and at the same time the second coupling element to the calender, and thus to achieve a particularly reliable mounting and dismounting of the roll on the calender. Particularly preferably, the two coupling elements are arranged at an angle of 45 °, particularly preferably at an angle of 90 °, relative to one another. The corresponding angular value is preferably obtained in particular by the design of the peripheral contour of the bearing receptacle. The peripheral contour of the bearing receptacle is preferably of polygonal design and has, between the corner edges, in each case a planar side face on which a coupling element is preferably arranged and which projects radially to the outside. Thus, for example, an arrangement of the coupling elements at an angle of 45 ° or 90 ° in the circumferential contour of the bearing receptacle with 8 corners is advantageous, and an angle of 60 ° or 120 ° in the circumferential contour of the bearing receptacle with 6 corners is advantageous.

Preferably, the bearing receptacle is configured symmetrically with respect to a plane formed along a longitudinal axis of the bearing receptacle. In particular, the coupling elements provided on the bearing mount are preferably also arranged symmetrically on the bearing mount and are correspondingly designed symmetrically. In this way, the roller can be coupled to the processing device and/or to the lifting device, in particular in two different and independent positions, so that, for example, for mounting the roller on the lifting device, the roller does not need to be possibly tilted about a vertical axis.

One embodiment of a calender according to the invention for receiving at least one roll, in particular a roll having the features of one of claims 1 to 7, comprises a frame (also known as a stand), a roll which is detachably supported on the frame, and a counter-tool which is vertically movable together with the roll for forming a working gap. The calender may for example be configured as a classical two-roll calender with a C-or U-shaped frame. The rollers are each preferably arranged as an upper roller, which has an intaglio, for example. The counter-tool is preferably configured as a lower roller. The lower roller can be configured, for example, as a curve-controllable roller with a smooth working circumference and is preferably mounted adjustably in height, i.e. in the vertical direction, by means of a lifting device. The machining gap between the one or more upper and lower rollers can thereby be positioned and configured differently in a known manner depending on the respective working position. Particularly preferably, both the lower roller and the upper roller are configured to be heatable. The calender is preferably designed for a maximum roll rotation speed of between 100U/min and 1500U/min, particularly preferably between 500U/min and 1000U/min.

According to the invention, a locking device is arranged on the machine frame, said locking device comprising a counter-coupling element which can be coupled to the coupling element of the roller for fixing the roller on the machine frame while forming a form-fitting connection. In this way, a particularly rapid, uncomplicated and reliable replacement of the rolls can be achieved in such a calender.

In another embodiment of the calender, the frame comprises at least one pivoting lever pair on which a locking device is arranged. The pair of pivot levers has at least two pivot levers arranged parallel to one another, wherein the roller can be supported on the pair of pivot levers and can be selectively displaced into at least one working position for forming a working gap together with the mating tool and alternatively into a parking position by means of the pair of pivot levers. The parking position is used, for example, for storing the rollers when not in use, for preparing the rollers for the work process, for example, for regulating the roller temperature, or for replacing, replacing or removing the rollers. It should be clear that the pivoting levers of the pivoting lever pair are in particular arranged such that, in the state of engagement with the roller, a first pivoting lever of the pivoting lever pair is positioned in the region of the first roller pin of the roller and a second pivoting lever of the pivoting lever pair is positioned in the region of the second roller pin of the roller. Furthermore, it is to be noted that all pivoting levers of current calenders are respectively identically constructed and therefore for greater clarity, reference is mostly made to only one pivoting lever.

In this embodiment, the pivoting levers, in particular of the calender, each have a locking device which comprises a counter-coupling element which can be coupled to the coupling element of the roller for positioning and fixing the roller on the respective pivoting lever with a form-fitting connection. In this way, the rolls can be coupled to or decoupled from the calender in a particularly rapid, uncomplicated and reliable manner and independently of the existing roll temperature, so that a particularly rapid roll change can be carried out. In a preferred, in particular space-saving embodiment of the invention, the pivot lever has two pivot lever edges or projections arranged substantially parallel to one another, between which a locking device is arranged. In this embodiment, the coupling element can also be arranged at least in sections or preferably completely between the projections in the coupled state with the mating coupling element. As already mentioned above, in order to form a form-locking connection, the coupling element and the counter-coupling element are each preferably designed as form-locking elements.

Preferably, a tensioning device is provided for directly or indirectly preloading the roller in the direction of a receiving abutment formed on the frame or on the pivoting lever. Thereby, the roller can be displaced in a particularly simple manner with respect to the frame or the pivoting lever. In particular, a gapped attachment of the bearing mount to the frame or the pivot lever can thereby be carried out first, and the bearing mount is then pulled or forced into a gapless form-fit with the frame or the pivot lever, in particular for avoiding vibrations and for absorbing relatively high axial forces of the roller. The tensioning device can apply the tensioning force directly to the counter-coupling element of the fixed roller. The tensioning device preferably acts indirectly on the counter-coupling element of the fixed roller via an additional component, such as a tensioning arm or a tensioning lever. The tensioning device can be configured, for example, as a spindle, a piston-cylinder unit or the like. Such components, although capable of being controlled and regulated precisely, present a certain risk in terms of probability of failure, maintenance and collateral damage (for example, damage due to the exhaustion of hydraulic oil). For this purpose, the tensioning device currently comprises, for prestressing purposes, particularly preferably a spring-elastic element, in particular a spring element, such as a tension spring, a compression spring or a disk spring, in particular a disk spring stack. This makes it possible to realize a particularly cost-effective, temperature-independent, fail-safe and low-maintenance tensioning device. In particular, the need for relatively expensive actuators with corresponding hydraulics, electronics and/or gearing can be avoided. Furthermore, the tensioning force can remain almost constant or constant despite thermal expansion, for example due to environmental influences, and in particular does not become too small or uncontrollably large.

Preferably, the locking device has a tensioning lever which is rotatably mounted on the machine frame, in particular on a pivoting lever, and on which the counter-coupling element is arranged. The tensioning lever can thus be used to achieve a relative movement of the roller with respect to the frame, in particular with respect to the pivoting lever. The bearing receptacle of the roller can thus be displaced by means of the tensioning lever, for example, into a predefined bearing formed on the frame or the pivoting lever, in particular in a form-fit connection with the frame or the pivoting lever without play. In particular, the pretensioning of the tensioning lever can be used to engage the bearing receptacle in the pivot lever counter to the direction of action of the roller weight, advantageously in all positions or positions of the pivot lever. In this way, the bearing receptacles are not engaged in particular by the action of forces in the roller machining gap. Depending on the arrangement of the pivoting lever, the roller weight can also be used for pretensioning without interfering effects. Particularly preferably, the tensioning lever is mounted rotatably or pivotably in the same plane as the pivot lever or in a parallel plane. The tensioning lever is preferably elongate and is mounted on the pivot lever at one of its free ends, for example, via a pivot pin, wherein the counter-coupling element is preferably arranged in a region of the tensioning lever which is arranged centrally in the longitudinal extension direction of the tensioning lever. Thereby, the tensioning force can be strengthened in a relatively simple manner. In particular, the tensioning lever is preferably designed in two or more parts and preferably has a contour corresponding to the coupling element.

Preferably, the tensioning lever comprises at least two limbs which are arranged substantially parallel to one another. The locking device can thereby be designed particularly space-saving. In a preferred, particularly space-saving embodiment, the coupling element is arranged at least in sections or preferably completely between the limbs of the tensioning lever in the coupled state with the counter-coupling element. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the edge portions of the tensioning lever are each preferably arranged between the coupling element and a corresponding projection of the pivoting lever.

Preferably, the tensioning lever is supported in a manner that can be pretensioned at least in the direction away from the roller by means of the tensioning device described above. The tensioning lever, in particular a rotatably mounted tensioning lever, can thereby contribute to a reduction of the tensioning force required for pretensioning. The roller can thereby be displaced in a particularly simple manner relative to the frame, in particular the pivoting lever. In particular, a gapped attachment of the bearing receiver to the pivot lever can thereby be carried out first, and the bearing receiver can then be pulled or forced into a gapless form-fit with the pivot lever, in particular for avoiding vibrations and for absorbing relatively high axial forces of the roller. In particular, the play that exists between the bearing receptacle and the frame or the pivot lever can thereby be "squeezed out". The tensioning device currently comprises, for pretensioning the tensioning lever, a spring-elastic element, in particular a spring element, such as a tension spring, a compression spring or a disk spring, in particular a disk spring stack. This makes it possible to realize a particularly cost-effective, temperature-independent, fail-safe and low-maintenance tensioning device. Particularly preferably, the spring element acts via the tensioning lever in such a way that the tensioning force or the spring force is intensified in accordance with the lever ratio. The lever ratio is preferably 1.5 to 5, particularly preferably 2 to 4. For this purpose, the spring element can be arranged on the second free end, for example, with the tensioning lever being rotatably supported on the pivot lever at the first free end and with the counter-coupling element arranged approximately midway in the longitudinal extension direction of the tensioning lever.

Preferably, a stop device is arranged on the machine frame, against which the tensioning lever preferably rests with a projection when the pivoting lever pair is pivoted from the operating position into the parking position. The mounting and dismounting of the rolls on the calender is thereby improved, in particular the coupling element and the counter-coupling element can be brought into a position corresponding to or overlapping each other in a particularly simple manner. In particular, by means of the described arrangement of the tensioning lever in the parking position of the pivot lever, the mating coupling element and therefore the bearing receptacle of the roller can be displaced or moved into a release position with play, which releases the bearing receptacle for receiving or removing it, and once the coupling elements are locked to one another and the pivot lever is pivoted out of the parking position, the mating coupling element and the bearing receptacle of the roller can be displaced or moved into a locking position with no play, which pretensions or pretensions the bearing receptacle towards the pivot lever into the bearing seat.

Preferably, the pivot lever has a bearing support with at least two side faces, against which the bearing receptacles of the rollers that are inserted and/or preloaded into the bearing support abut with preferably one side face each of their peripheral contour. Particularly preferably, the bearing receptacle bears against a side of the bearing with two sides of its circumferential contour which are arranged at an angle of 90 ° relative to one another. The support is preferably designed such that the required pivot angle of 45 ° between the working position and the parking position is sufficient to enable, on the one hand, the positioning of the roller vertically above the counter-tool in the working position and, on the other hand, the coupling of the coupling element with the counter-coupling element of the lifting means from above in the parking position. In particular, the bearing surfaces of the bearing or pivot lever forming the bearing preferably have a positioning edge for positive-locking in the axial direction for axially fixing the roller. Alternatively, the positioning edge can be arranged on the roller, in particular in the region of the bearing receptacle, particularly preferably in the region of the coupling element. In the locking position mentioned in the preceding paragraph, furthermore, the receiving contour of the bearing receptacle formed on the pivot lever, which contour is formed corresponding to the peripheral contour of the bearing receptacle, enables a fixed, movement-resistant positioning. For this purpose, the bearing receptacle, in particular a section of the peripheral contour of the bearing receptacle, can be pressed by means of the tensioning lever against the side of the support, on which the forces, in particular counter forces and vibration forces, which occur during the operation of the roller and act on the bearing receptacle act primarily. The roller can thereby be supported on the pivot lever in a particularly suitable manner, in particular with reduced wear. In order to monitor a permanent, fault-free fit of the bearing receptacle on the side, in one embodiment a separately designed wear part is arranged in the region of the side, against which wear part the roller can bear with the bearing receptacle.

Preferably, a first pair of pivoted levers with a first roller and a second pair of pivoted levers with a second roller are provided, and in the first operating state one of the pairs of pivoted levers is arranged in the parking position and the other pair of pivoted levers is arranged in the first operating position, while in the second operating state both pairs of pivoted levers are respectively arranged in at least one second operating position with a working gap formed with the counter-tool. Thus, the first roller and the second roller can simultaneously form a machining gap with the counter tool, respectively, which is desired in a particular machining method.

Preferably, the counter-coupling element is mounted so as to be displaceable, in particular movable, in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the roller and/or in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extension direction of the roller in the engaged state of the coupling element. Thereby, the rollers can be oriented and positioned in an advantageous manner in the above-mentioned direction.

Preferably, the coupling element is configured as a received eyelet and the mating coupling element is configured as a bolt. This improves the mounting and dismounting of the roller, in particular the coupling element and the counter-coupling element can be coupled in a particularly simple manner in positions corresponding to or overlapping one another. In addition, particularly high forces can be absorbed by this design of the components forming the form-fitting connection, so that the connection is also suitable for such particularly high forces.

The method according to the invention for mounting a roll for processing a nonwoven goods web, a textile goods web, a plastic goods web or a paper goods web on a pivoting lever of a calender is provided with the following steps: displacing the pair of pivotal levers into a parking position disposed away from the mating tool; lowering the roller, which is coupled to a respective counter-coupling element of the lifting means via a respective first coupling element on both bearing receptacles of the roller with a positive connection and is located laterally or above the calender, at an angle of at least 30 ° relative to the horizontal, with a movement in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extension of the roller, until the bearing receptacles each rest on a respective rest face formed on the pivot lever; coupling the mating coupling elements of the locking device arranged on the respective pivoting lever with the second coupling elements of the bearing mount in each case while forming a form-fitting connection; optionally locking the coupling element and/or the counter-coupling element against disconnection; decoupling a mating coupling element of the lifting device from the first coupling element; the pair of pivoted levers is displaced into a working position in which the roller forms a working gap together with the counter tool.

Preferably, in addition to the displacement of the pair of pivot levers into the working position, upon leaving the parking position, the tensioning levers of the locking device are each out of contact with a stop device arranged on the machine frame of the calender on the pivot levers, and the tensioning levers are thereby rotated over a defined section relative to the pivot levers by means of the tensioning devices of the locking device in the direction away from the counter tool, so that the bearing receptacles are each pulled into the bearing blocks toward at least one side formed on the pivot levers. In addition, the pin, which is arranged in particular in the coupling element designed as a bore, passes from the gapped form-fit into the tensioned form-fit and accordingly cannot be displaced axially in the bore or out of the bore any longer, or in other words: the gap between the pin and the hole is pressed out by pretensioning the pin perpendicularly to its longitudinal extension.

The method according to the invention for detaching a roll for processing a nonwoven goods web, a textile goods web, a plastic goods web or a paper goods web from a pivoting lever of a calender is provided with the following steps: displacing the pair of pivotal levers into a parking position disposed away from the mating tool; coupling mating coupling elements of the lifting means with first coupling elements of the two bearing receptacles of the roller, respectively, while forming a form-fitting connection; optionally locking the coupling element and/or the counter-coupling element against disconnection; decoupling the mating coupling elements of the locking devices arranged on the respective pivoting levers, which are coupled with the formation of a positive-locking connection, from the second coupling elements of the bearing mount in each case; the roll is lifted away from the pair of pivoting levers by means of the lifting device at an angle of at least 30 ° relative to the horizontal while moving in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extension of the roll until the roll is located laterally or above the calender.

Preferably, in addition to the displacement of the pair of pivoting levers into the parking position, when the pair of pivoting levers is moved into the parking position, the tensioning levers of the locking device come into contact with stop devices arranged on the machine frame of the calender on the pivoting levers in each case, and the tensioning levers are thereby pivoted over a defined section relative to the pivoting levers in the direction of the counter tool, so that the bearing receptacles are each disengaged from at least one side formed on the pivoting levers. In particular, the pin arranged in the coupling element designed as a bore thus forms a positive lock with a play and can be moved axially out of or into the bore in a correspondingly light manner.

In principle, a mating coupling element, which is designed as a bolt, for example, can be coupled or engaged with the coupling element manually, i.e., by hand. In particular, it is preferred that the coupling and decoupling of the coupling element and the counter-coupling element take place automatically, for example by means of a driven and actuatable bolt. The mounting and dismounting of the rolls on the calender can thereby be carried out particularly quickly and cost-effectively.

Drawings

Two embodiments of the invention are explained in detail below with the aid of the figures. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows schematically, in a partially cut side view, a first calender according to the invention, with one roller each in the operating position and in the parking position,

figures 2a and 2b each show schematically in a partially cut side view a detail of a pivoting lever of the calender,

figures 3a and 3b each show a detail view of a roller coupled to the lifting means in a partially cut side view,

FIG. 4 shows a first calender in a partially cut, purely schematic side view, with two rolls in the working position, and

fig. 5 shows schematically, in a partially cut side view, a second calender according to the invention, with a fixed upper roll and a height-adjustable lower roll.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a calender 100 in the form of a so-called twin calender in a state 1 coupled to three

rolls

10a, 10b, 20 for processing a nonwoven goods web, a woven goods web, a plastic goods web or a paper goods web.

The calender 100 is shown in fig. 1 in a partially cut side view, in particular in a view in the axial direction to the calender rolls 10a, 10b, 20 or perpendicular to the direction of the stock web 103 guided through the calender 100. The calender 100 comprises a machine frame 101 on which a lower roll support 120 for supporting and vertically adjusting the lower roll 20 and a first and a second pair of pivoting

levers

110a, 110b, respectively, are arranged, rotatably supported. On the first pair of pivoting levers 110a, a first processing roller 10a is arranged, which serves as an upper roller, and on the second pair of pivoting levers 110b, a second processing roller 10b is arranged, which also serves as an upper roller, wherein the first pair of pivoting levers 110a is now arranged in a parking position P suitable for replacing or temporarily storing the roller 10a, while the second pair of pivoting levers 110b is arranged in a first working position a1 suitable for forming a processing gap 102b between the upper roller 10b and the lower roller 20. In an alternative machining process, which is shown purely schematically in fig. 4, the two

rollers

10a, 10b are each located in the region of the lower roller 20, in particular in the operating position a2, in order to form the

machining gap

102a, 102 b. It should therefore be clear that the pivoting

lever pair

110a, 110b or the

rollers

10a, 10b arranged thereon, respectively, can be steplessly displaced between the parking position P and the respective working position a1, a 2.

The first pivoting lever pair 110a and the second pivoting lever pair 110b are each formed by two pivoting

levers

111, 111 'and 111 ", 111'" arranged parallel to one another, wherein, in the view in fig. 1, only the pivoting lever 111 of the first pivoting lever pair 110a arranged on the head side of the calender 100 and the pivoting lever 111 "of the second pivoting lever pair 110b can be seen. The respective invisible pivoting levers 111 ', 111' ″ are arranged behind the respective visible pivoting levers 111 and 111 ″ in the depth of the image. Since all four pivoting

levers

111, 111 'and 111 ", 111'" are substantially identically constructed and identically supported, for greater clarity, reference is made below only to the pivoting levers 111, 111 ", visible in fig. 1, in particular to the pivoting lever 111, wherein the statements made for the pivoting lever with regard to design and support apply equally to all pivoting

levers

111, 111 ', 111", 111' ". In addition, reference is made below explicitly to a counter-coupling element 145 ', which is arranged on the invisible pivoting lever 111' and is therefore likewise not shown in the figures. In this respect, it is also true that the counterpart coupling element 145' and the counterpart coupling element 145 arranged on the pivoting lever 111 are of identical construction.

The pivot lever 111 is mounted on the machine frame 101 so as to be rotatable about a pivot lever pivot axis 114, wherein an actuating device 115 is provided for adjusting or pivoting the pivot lever 111. In fig. 2a and 2b, the pivoting lever 111 is shown in a detailed view separately from the roller 10a arranged thereon. The pivoting lever 111 has a clearance suitable as a seat 112 for receiving the

rollers

10a, 10 b. The support 112 is currently defined by

lateral surfaces

112a, 112b, 112c, 112d formed on the pivot lever 111 and a projection 113, which acts as a centering element and projects in the direction of the

roller

10a, 10b to be received. In addition, the support 112 or the

contact surfaces

112a, 112b, 112c, 112d forming the support 112 can have positioning edges, not shown in detail, for forming a positive connection in the axial direction for axially fixing the

rollers

10a, 10 b. Alternatively, the locating edges may be arranged on the

rollers

10a, 10 b. As can be seen from fig. 2b, the pivot lever 111 currently has, at least in the region of the bearing 112, two plate-shaped pivot lever portions or pivot lever projections, which are arranged substantially parallel to one another and are denoted by 111i and 111 ii. A locking device 130 is provided between the first pivoting lever portion 111i and the second pivoting lever portion 111 ii. Alternatively, the pivoting lever 111 can be formed in one piece from only one plate, while the

coupling elements

31, 32 and the tensioning lever 131 are each formed in a slotted or two-part manner.

The locking device 130 serves to fix the

rollers

10a, 10b supported on the pivot lever 111, in particular in the form of a positive connection between at least one

coupling element

31, 32 arranged on the

roller

10a, 10b and a corresponding counter-coupling element 145 arranged on the

pivot lever

111, 111', 111 ″. For this purpose, the locking device 130 comprises a tensioning lever 131 and a tensioning device 132 arranged thereon and suitable for pretensioning the tensioning lever 131.

The tensioning lever 131 is of elongate design and is mounted on the pivot lever 111 in the region of one of its longitudinal ends, namely the first longitudinal end, so as to be rotatable about a tensioning lever pivot axis 135. In a second longitudinal end region, which is opposite the first longitudinal end, the tensioning lever 131 is connected to a tensioning device 132. Furthermore, a projection 136 is arranged on the end side of the second longitudinal end, the purpose of which is described further below. Approximately midway between the first and second longitudinal ends in the longitudinal extension direction, means for fixing the

rollers

10a, 10b on the tensioning lever 131 with a counter-coupling element 145 are arranged on the tensioning lever 131. As can be seen in fig. 2b, the tensioning lever 131 currently has a plate-shaped first tensioning lever limb 131i and a plate-shaped second tensioning lever limb 131ii arranged substantially parallel to the first tensioning lever limb. An intermediate space 134 for receiving the

coupling elements

31, 32 of the

rollers

10a, 10b is provided between the first tensioning lever edge 131i and the second tensioning lever edge 131 ii. Alternatively, the tensioning lever 131 can also be designed in one piece, while the

coupling elements

31, 32 on the bearing receptacles 30, 30' are slotted or two-part.

The tensioning device 132 is currently arranged on the pivoting lever 111 and comprises a spring element which is connected with the tensioning lever 131 via a tensioning rod 133. The spring element is advantageously configured as a disk spring pack and pulls or tensions the second longitudinal end of the tensioning lever 131 relative to the pivoting lever 111 in a direction away from the bearing 112 of the pivoting lever 111. In the parking position shown in the left image section in fig. 1, the tensioning lever 131 rests with the projection 136 against the stop 116 arranged on the machine frame 101 and thereby (at least in this position) brings about a complete holding or fixing of the tensioning lever 131 relative to the pivot lever 111 and thus also of the

coupling elements

31, 32 coupled to the tensioning lever 131 relative to the pivot lever. The projection 136 in particular always comes into contact with the stop device 116 when the pivot lever 111 is pivoted from the operating position a1, a2 into the parking position P. In order to avoid an overextension of the tensioning lever 131 resting against the stop 116 or of the tensioning device 132 arranged thereon, an additional stop, not shown at present, for limiting the pivoting angle of the pivoting lever 111 can be provided on the machine frame 101.

The

rollers

10a and 10b are of identical design in the present exemplary embodiment, wherein, for example, only the intaglio plates arranged on the processing side can be of different design, but this is not essential in the present invention. For greater clarity, therefore, reference will be made in the following description of features only to the roller 10a, wherein these features are identically configured on the roller 10 b.

As can be seen in particular in fig. 3a, the roller 10a comprises a rotationally symmetrical roller body 11 which is suitable for processing nonwoven goods webs, textile goods webs, plastic goods webs or paper goods webs and has a working periphery 15, and two roller pins 12, 12' which are each connected to the roller body 11 in the region of one axial end of the roller 10a and are set back relative to the working periphery 15. The roller pins 12, 12 'serve in particular to support the roller 10a and are each surrounded by a bearing, not shown here, and a bearing receptacle 30, 30' surrounding the bearing, at least in one axial section.

The bearing receptacles 30, 30' are of identical design and each have, as can be seen in particular in fig. 3b, an inner ring, not shown in detail, which surrounds the bearing, not shown. On the radial outside, the bearing holder 30, 30 'has a peripheral contour 33 with 8 corners with regularly arranged corner edges oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis M of the bearing holder 30, 30' or the roller 10a on the periphery and flanks lying between the corner edges. Radially outwardly projecting

coupling elements

31, 32 are arranged on two sides of the bearing holder 30, 30 'which are arranged at an angle of 90 ° relative to one another, in particular on two sides of a plane E1 which is formed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis M of the bearing holder 30, 30' and which are arranged at an angle of 90 ° relative to one another. Accordingly, the bearing mount 30, 30' is configured symmetrically with respect to a plane E2 formed centrally between the two

coupling elements

31, 32 along the longitudinal axis M.

The first coupling element 31 and the second coupling element 32 are in the present case each designed as an eyelet (also referred to as a draw grommet) suitable for lifting, drawing or transporting the

respective roller

10a, 10b and each have a through-opening 31a, 32a oriented substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis M. As a result, first coupling element 31 and/or second coupling element 32 can be coupled to

mating coupling elements

45, 45', 145 ″ in the form of, for example, pins, in each case, with a form-locking connection. The

mating coupling elements

45, 45', 145 ″ are in each case of substantially identical design. The through-openings 31a, 32a of the

coupling elements

31, 32 and the

mating coupling elements

45, 45', 145 ″ which are in each case designed as pins now extend in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis M of the

rollers

10a, 10 b. In the condition 1 of engagement with the

respective eyelets

31, 32 of the

rollers

10a, 10b, the

pegs

45, 45', 145 "are themselves movable in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis M of the

rollers

10a, 10b, but also displaceable by means of the tensioning lever 131 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis M of the

rollers

10a, 10 b. For the purpose of simplifying the coupling process, the

coupling elements

31, 32 each have a rounded or at least chamfered outer contour 34. The two

coupling elements

31, 32 are in particular of identical design. Each

coupling element

31, 32 can thus be selectively coupled not only with the counter-coupling element 45, 45' of the lifting means 40, but also with the

counter-coupling element

145, 145 ″ of the calender 100. It should be clear that, when coupling

elements

31, 32 are coupled to

mating coupling elements

45, 45 ', 145 ″,

coupling elements

31, 32 projecting from bearing receptacles 30, 30 ' engage in a groove-spring connection in an intermediate space, for example intermediate space 134, formed between two wall flanks 131i, 131ii, 42i, 42ii, and with the base, i.e. bearing receptacle 30, 30 ', rest against at least one

end flank

112b, 112d of said wall flank 131i, 131ii, 42i, 42ii, now resting against four wall faces.

Fig. 3a and 3b each show the roller 10a in a state 2 coupled to a lifting means 40, in particular a cross member or transport cross member of a crane. In this case, the respective first coupling elements 31 of the two bearing receptacles 30, 30 ' of the one roller 10a are coupled together with a form fit when engaging the pins 45, 45 ' of the lifting means locking devices 41, 41 ' respectively arranged on the lifting means 40. In this case, the respective pin 45, 45 ' extends parallel to the longitudinal axis M in the axial direction through a first edge of the lifting means locking device 41, 41 ', the respective through opening 31a, 32a of the respective first coupling element 31 and a second edge of the lifting means locking device 41, 41 '. It should be clear that the roller 10a can alternatively also be coupled to the crane 40 via the two second coupling elements 32 of the two bearing receptacles 30, 30'. As shown in fig. 1, in state 1 of coupling with the calender 100 and with the roll 10a in the operating position a1, the tensioning force pulling the bearing receivers 30, 30' and therefore the roll 10a into the support 112 acts in a direction at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal. Here, the abutment flanks 112b and 112d arranged on the pivoting levers 111, 111 ', 111 ", 111 '" act like a prism and allow a defined positioning of the bearing receptacles 30, 30 ', even with small dimensional deviations within manufacturing tolerances. The bearing force is transmitted directly via the upper contact surface.

For the quick change of the rolls 10a, which are supported, for example, on the first pair of pivoting levers 110a of the calender 100, in particular in the seats 112 formed on the respective pivoting levers 111, 111' and which are arranged in the region of the lower roll 20 for forming the working gap 102a, the pair of pivoting levers 110a is first displaced from the working position a1, a2 into the parking position P, as shown in the left image part of fig. 1. When the pair of pivoting levers 110a is displaced into the parking position P, in particular into the parking position P, the respective tensioning levers 131 of the locking devices 130 of the two pivoting levers 111, 111' come into contact with the stop devices 116 arranged on the machine frame 101 of the calender 100. In this state, the roller 10a is coupled with its respective second coupling element 32, 32 'arranged on the bearing receptacle 30, 30' to the respective mating coupling element 145, 145 'arranged on the tensioning lever 131 of the respective pivoting lever 111, 111'. By stopping the tensioning lever 131 against the stop device 116, the tensioning lever 131 is held at its end 136 and is rotated relative to the pivot levers 111, 111 'over a defined stroke or a defined section, or the respective pivot lever 111, 111' is rotated further relative to the tensioning lever 131, so that the bearing mount 30, 30 'of the roller 10a coupled to the pivot lever 131 is disengaged from the

side

112b, 112c, 112d formed on the pivot levers 111, 111' in the region of the bearing 112 and is lowered onto the side 112a, the so-called locating surface. In this state, the roller 10a rests with the respective bearing receptacle 30, 30' against the pivot lever pair 110a only in the region of the positioning surface 112a and optionally also at the centering element or projection 113 of the bearing 112. The second coupling elements 32, 32' are arranged here substantially horizontally, with respect to positioning, laterally to the longitudinal axis M of the roller 10 a.

The two first coupling elements 31, 31 'are arranged vertically above the roller 10a and project upwards from the respective bearing receptacles 30, 30' for coupling with the lifting means 40. In this state, the crane can now be moved with the lifting means 40 from above towards the roller 10a, so that the lifting means locking devices 41, 41 'arranged on the lifting means engage with the first coupling elements 31, 31', and the counter-coupling elements 45, 45 'configured as bolts can engage, for example automatically, with the respective coupling elements 31, 31' configured as eyelets in order to form a form-fitting connection. The roll 10a can then be disengaged from the calender 100 with its two second coupling elements 32, 32 ', for example by automatically moving the pegs 145, 145'. The roll 10a can then be lifted away from the pair of pivoting levers 110a by means of the lifting means 40 with a movement in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extension of the roll 10a at an angle of about 45 ° relative to the horizontal until the roll 10a is substantially above the calender 100 and can be transported further by means of the lifting means 40. By lifting the roller 10a at an angle of approximately 45 °, the roller 10a comes out of the support 112 without impact, in particular with respect to the projection 113 and the flank 112 d.

A new roller 10a can then be inserted into the empty seat 112 of the pivoting lever pair 110 a. For this purpose, the roll 10a, which is coupled to the respective one counter-coupling element 45, 45 ' of the lifting means 40 via the respective one first coupling element 31, 31 ' on both bearing receptacles 30, 30 ' of the roll with a form-fitting connection, is lowered from above the calender 100, with a movement in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extension of the roll 10a, at an angle of approximately 45 ° relative to the horizontal, toward the pivot lever 110a until the bearing receptacles 30, 30 ' each rest on a rest or positioning surface 112a formed on the pivot levers 111, 111 '. The projecting projections 113 formed in the lateral regions of the positioning surface 112a and the optionally provided axial positioning edges serve here to delimit the surface and to predefine the bearing receptacle into the bearing seat 112. In this case, when the roll 10a is lowered, the roll-side coupling elements 32, 32 ' provided for coupling to the calender 100 engage with the intermediate space 134 and, with the bearing receptacles 30, 30 ' bearing against the positioning surface 110a, are in a uniform position, viewed in the axial direction, with the calender-side counter-coupling elements 145, 145 ' for producing a gapped form-fit connection. The existing play enables, in particular, a simple installation. Thus, the locking device 130 arranged on the respective pivoting lever 111, 111 ' is then coupled with the roller 10a with a form-locking connection between the mating coupling element 145, 145 ' and the respective second coupling element 32, 32 ' of the bearing receptacle 30, 30 ', in particular by introducing the peg 145, 145 ' through the opening formed on the tensioning lever portion 131i, 131ii and through the respective eyelet 32, 32 ' of the bearing receptacle 30, 30 '. Then, the counter-coupling elements 45, 45 'of the lifting means 40 are disengaged from the first coupling elements 31, 31'. With the subsequent displacement of the pair of pivoting levers 110a into the working position a1, a2, when leaving the parking position P, the tensioning lever 131 of the locking device 130, which is respectively formed on the pivoting levers 111, 111 ', comes out of contact with the stop device 116 arranged on the machine frame 101 of the calender 100, so that the tensioning lever 131 is rotated over a defined section relative to the pivoting levers 111, 111' by means of the tensioning device 132 in the direction away from the counter-tool 20, so that the bearing receptacles 30, 30 'are lifted with their respective peripheral contour 33 from the positioning surface 112a and are drawn into the bearing seat 112 towards the side surfaces 112b, 112d formed on the pivoting levers 111, 111'. By means of the feed movement of the roller 10a into the operating position a1, a2, the tensioning lever 131 is simultaneously pretensioned by the pulling element 132, together with the form-locking connection and the bearing mount 30, 30 ', in the direction of the pivot lever 111, 111 ' and presses the bearing mount 30, 30 ' into the bearing block 112. This enables a particularly play-free positioning of the bearing receptacles 30, 30' of the roll 10a relative to the calender 100.

Fig. 5 shows a calender 100 in the form of a so-called two-roll calender in a state 1 coupled to two

rolls

10a, 20 for processing nonwoven goods, textile goods, plastic goods or paper goods webs. The calender 100 is shown in a side view in partial section, in particular in a view in the axial direction to the calender rolls 10a, 20 or perpendicular to the not shown direction of the goods web that can be guided through the calender 100.

The calender 100 comprises a C-shaped machine frame 101, on which, like the calenders according to fig. 1 to 4, a lower roll support device 120 for supporting and vertically adjusting a counter-tool 20 designed as a lower roll is arranged in the lower region and a first processing roll 10a serving as an upper roll is arranged in the upper region. In this case, the roller 10a is coupled to the machine frame 101 via a coupling element 31 arranged on the bearing receptacle 30 and to an additional coupling element 32 on the lever means 40 shown in dashed lines. For this purpose, the

coupling elements

31, 32 are coupled in the manner described in the above examples with corresponding

counter-coupling elements

145, 45, which are in particular designed as pins.

In the design of twin-roll calender 100 shown here, the roll 10a is likewise coupled to the machine frame 101 via a tensioning lever 131 of a locking device 130, which is mounted on the machine frame 101 so as to be rotatable about a rotational axis 135, which corresponds to the state indicated by 1. The tensioning lever 131 is in turn pretensioned via the tensioning device 132 in a direction away from the roller 10a or toward the machine frame 101, so that the bearing mount 30 is pretensioned into the seat 112 formed on the machine frame 101 without play. The tensioning device 132 is currently configured as a spring tensioning cylinder. The bearing is thus tensioned by the spring force and unlocked by hydraulic pressure. It should be mentioned that in an alternative embodiment, the prestressing device 132 can also basically bring about the application of a prestressing force to the counter-coupling element 145 directly, i.e. without the tensioning lever 131.

Furthermore, in state 2, which is additionally shown in fig. 5, the roller 10a is coupled via the second coupling element 32 to a counter-coupling element 45 of the lifting means locking device of the lifting means 40. Thus, it should be noted, among other things, how the roll 10a may be mounted on or removed from the C-frame 101 of a two-roll calender.

It should be clear that the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described. In particular, the structure and design of the calender, the lifting means and the rolls can be modified entirely without changing the core of the invention.

List of reference numerals

1 state of roller coupled with calender

2 state of roller coupled with lifting device

10a first roller

10b second roller

11 roller body

12 roller pin

12' roller pin

15 working edge

20 rollers, lower rollers

30 bearing receiving part

30' bearing receiving part

31 coupling element, eyelet

32 coupling element, eyelet

33 peripheral outline, outer outline

34 outer contour of the coupling element

40 lifting device and crane beam

41 lifting device locking device

41' lifting device-locking device

421 wall side wing

4211 wall side wing

45 mating coupling element, pin

45' mating coupling element, pin

100 calender

101 machine frame

102a machining gap

102b machining gap

103 article web

110a first pair of pivotal levers

110b second pair of pivotal levers

111 pivoting lever

111' pivoting lever

111' pivot lever

111i pivoting lever part, pivoting lever projection

111ii pivoting lever portion, pivoting lever projection

112 seat, receiving profile

112a side surface

112b side surface

112c side surface

112d side surface

113 projection

114 pivot lever rotating shaft

115 executive device

116 stop device

120 lower roller supporting device

130 locking device

131 tensioning lever

131i tensioning lever edge

131ii tensioning lever edge

132 tensioning device, spring element

133 tension rod

134 intermediate space

135 tensioning lever rotating shaft

136 projection for stop

145 mating coupling element, peg

145' mating coupling element, peg

A1 first operating position

A2 second working position

P parking position

E1 plane

E2 plane

M longitudinal axis, axis of rotation

Claims

1. Roller (10a, 10b) for processing nonwoven, textile, plastic or paper goods webs, comprising a roller body (11) forming a working circumference (15), roller pins (12, 12 ') that are set back relative to the working circumference (15) each protruding axially on both axial end regions of the roller body, said roller pins each being radially surrounded by a bearing receptacle (30, 30') at least in one axial section for supporting the roller (10a, 10b),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

at least one coupling element (31, 32) that can be coupled to the lifting means (40) in a form-fitting manner is formed on the bearing receptacle (30, 30').

2. Roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling elements (31, 32) of the bearing receptacles (30, 30') project radially.

3. Roller according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the coupling elements (31, 32) are configured as placed eyelets with through openings (31a, 32 a).

4. Roller according to claim 3, characterized in that the through openings (31a, 32a) are oriented substantially parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the roller (10a, 10 b).

5. Roll according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling elements (31, 32) are configured to be selectively coupleable not only with mating coupling elements (45, 45') of the lifting means (40), such as a crane, a ground transport means or a transport cross beam, but also with mating coupling elements (145, 145 ") of an apparatus (100) for processing non-woven goods webs, textile goods webs, plastic goods webs or paper goods webs, such as a calender.

6. Roller according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing receptacle (30, 30 ') has two coupling elements (31, 32) which are arranged at an angle of at least 30 ° relative to one another in a plane (E1) formed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (M) of the bearing receptacle (30, 30').

7. Roller according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing receiving portion (30, 30 ') is configured symmetrically with respect to a plane (E2) formed along the longitudinal axis (M) of the bearing receiving portion (30, 30').

8. A calender (100) for receiving at least one roll (10a, 10b), comprising a machine frame (101), a roll (10a, 10b) mounted on the machine frame in a detachable manner, and a counter-tool (20) which is vertically movable together with the roll (10a, 10b) for forming a processing gap (102a, 102b),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

a locking device (130) is arranged on the machine frame (101), said locking device comprising a counter-coupling element (145) that can be coupled to the coupling elements (31, 32) of the rollers (10a, 10b) for fixing the rollers (10a, 10b) on the machine frame (101) while forming a form-fitting connection.

9. The calender (100) according to claim 8, characterised in that the frame (101) has at least one pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) which each comprise at least two pivoting levers (111, 111 ', 111 "') arranged parallel to one another, and in that the rolls (10a, 10b) are supportable on the pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) and are selectively displaceable into at least one working position (A1, A2) by means of the pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) for forming the working gap (102a, 102b) together with the pairing tool (20) and alternatively into a parking position (P), and in that on each of the pivoting levers (111, 111 ', 111" ') there is arranged a locking device (130) which comprises a locking device (130) which can be displaced with the rolls (10a, 10 "') 10b) For fixing the rollers (10a, 10b) on the pivot levers (111, 111') with a form-locking connection, by means of a counter-coupling element (145) coupled to the coupling elements (31, 32).

10. The calender according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterised in that a tensioning device (132) is provided for directly or indirectly preloading the rolls (10a, 10b) in the direction of receiving abutments (112) configured on the frame (101) or on the pivoting levers (111, 111 ', 111 "').

11. The calender according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the locking device (130) has a tensioning lever (131) which is rotatably supported on the frame (101) or the pivoting lever (111, 111 ', 111 "') and on which the counter-coupling element (145) is arranged.

12. The calender according to claim 11, characterised in that the tensioning lever (131) has at least two tensioning lever limbs (131i, 131ii) arranged substantially parallel to one another.

13. The calender according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterised in that the tensioning lever (131) is supported by means of a tensioning device (132) so as to be pretensioned at least in the direction away from the roll (10a, 10b), in particular in the direction of a bearing (112) receiving the roll (10a, 10 b).

14. The calender according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterised in that a stop device (116) is arranged on the frame (101), against which the tensioning lever (131) bears when the pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) is pivoted from the working position (a1, a2) into the parking position (P).

15. The calender according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterised in that, for supporting the bearing receptacle (30, 30 '), the frame (101) or the pivoting lever (111, 111', 111 "') has a support (112) which has at least two side faces (112a, 112b, 112d) against which the bearing receptacle (30, 30') of the roll (10a, 10b) inserted into the support (112) rests with its peripheral contour (33).

16. The calender according to any one of claims 9 to 15, characterised in that a first pair of pivoting levers (110a) with a first roller (10a) and a second pair of pivoting levers (110b) with a second roller (10b) are provided, and in a first working state one of the pairs of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) is arranged in the parking position (P) and the respective other pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) is arranged in a first working position (a1), and in a second working state both pairs of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) are respectively arranged in at least one second working position (a2) with the pairing tool (20) forming a working gap (102a, 102b) therewith.

17. The calender according to any one of claims 8 to 16, characterised in that the counter-coupling element (145), in the engaged state (1) with the coupling element (31, 32), is displaceable in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the roll (10a, 10b) and/or in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extension direction of the roll (10a, 10 b).

18. The calender according to any one of claims 8 to 17, characterised in that the coupling elements (31, 32) are configured as arranged eyelets and the counter-coupling elements (145) are configured as pegs.

19. Method for mounting a roller (10a, 10b) for processing a nonwoven goods web, a woven goods web, a plastic goods web or a paper goods web onto a pivoting lever (110a, 110b) of a calender (100), comprising the following steps:

-displacing the pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) into a parking position (P) arranged remote from the pairing tool (20);

-lowering a roll (10a, 10b), which is coupled to a respective counter-coupling element (45, 45 ') of a lifting device (40) via a respective first coupling element (31, 31') on both bearing receptacles (30, 30 ') of the roll, forming a positive connection, and which is located laterally or above the calender (100), toward the pivot lever (110a, 110b) at an angle of at least 30 ° relative to the horizontal while moving in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extension of the roll (10a, 10b) until the bearing receptacles (30, 30') each rest on a rest face (112a) formed on the pivot lever (111, 111 ', 111 "');

-coupling a counter-coupling element (145) of a locking device (130) arranged on the respective pivoting lever (111, 111 ', 111 "') with a second coupling element (32, 32 ') of the bearing receptacle (30, 30'), respectively, with a form-fitting connection;

-decoupling a counter-coupling element (45, 45 ') of the lifting means (40) from the first coupling element (31, 31');

-displacing the pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) into a working position (a1, a2) in which the rollers (10a, 10b) form a working gap (102a, 102b) together with the counter tool (20).

20. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that, additionally, in the case of a displacement of the pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) into a working position (a1, a2), upon leaving the parking position (P), on the pivoting levers (111, 111 ', 111 "'), the tensioning levers (131) of the locking device (130) are respectively brought out of abutment with stop devices (116) arranged on the machine frame (101) of the calender (100), and whereby the tensioning levers (131) are rotated over a defined section relative to the pivoting levers (111, 111 ', 111"') in a direction away from the counter-tool (20) by means of tensioning devices (132) of the locking device (130), so that the bearing receptacles (30, 30 ') are respectively configured in at least one direction on the pivoting levers (111, 111 "') 111 ', 111 "') is drawn into the bearing blocks.

21. Method for detaching a roller (10a, 10b) for processing a nonwoven goods web, a woven goods web, a plastic goods web or a paper goods web from a pivoting lever (110a, 110b) of a calender (100), comprising the following steps:

-coupling mating coupling elements (45, 45 ') of a lifting means (40) with a first coupling element (31, 31 ') of the two bearing receptacles (30, 30 ') of the rollers (10a, 10b), respectively, with a form-fitting connection;

-decoupling a counter-coupling element (145), which is coupled with a form-fit connection, of a locking device (130) arranged on the respective pivoting lever (111, 111 ', 111 "') from the second coupling element (32, 32 ') of the bearing receptacle (30, 30'), respectively;

-lifting said roll (10a, 10b) away from said pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) by means of said lifting means (40) at an angle of at least 30 ° with respect to the horizontal, with a movement in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extension of said roll (10a, 10b), until said roll (10a, 10b) is located laterally or above said calender (100).

22. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that, additionally, when displacing the pair of pivoting levers (110a, 110b) into the parking position (P), upon displacement into the parking position (P), on the pivoting levers (111, 111 ', 111 "'), the tensioning levers (131) of the locking device (130) come into abutment with stop devices (116) arranged on the machine frame (101) of the calender (100), respectively, and whereby the tensioning levers (131) are rotated over a defined section relative to the pivoting levers (111, 111 ', 111"') in the direction of the counter-tool (20), so that the bearing receptacles (30, 30 ') each run from at least one side face (112a, 112b, 111 "') configured on the pivoting levers (111, 111 ', 111"') respectively, 112c, 112d) are disengaged.

23. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the coupling and decoupling are performed automatically.