CN112011374A - 一种清洁汽油及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种清洁汽油及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241001048891 Jatropha curcas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 23
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 5
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
- C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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Abstract
本发明提供一种清洁汽油,所述清洁汽油以国标汽油为基础油,在其中加入水、麻风树籽油、醇类,主要原料大部分可再生,经济环保;麻风树籽油具有良好的燃烧性能,且燃烧后残炭含量适中,得到的汽油在使用过程中,水能够在高温高压下,裂解出氢和氧参加燃烧,并且水会产生微爆效应,促进汽油和醇类燃料的充分燃烧,降低尾气中的有害物质的含量,其他组分为助剂,助剂与主料之间相互作用,使得到的汽油油品清亮,具有良好的使用性能。本发明提供的清洁汽油长期储存不变质,性能稳定不分层,燃烧之后的尾气中,碳氢化合物、一氧化碳、氮氧化合物的含量低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于汽油技术领域,具体涉及一种清洁汽油及其制备方法。
背景技术
汽油是汽车最常用的燃料。汽油和空气混合后被吸入发动机汽缸中,通过压缩使气体混合物升压,达到一定程度后点火便会剧烈燃烧,但一部分汽油不等点火就超前发生了爆炸式燃烧,这种不能控制的燃烧过程称为爆震。汽油的爆震既损失能量、浪费燃料,又损坏汽缸。爆震现象与汽油的化学组成有关,汽油中直链烷烃在燃烧时发生的爆震程度比较大,而芳香烃和带有支链的烷烃则不易发生爆震。经过比较发现,汽油中以正庚烷的爆震程度最大,而异辛烷的爆震程度最小。人们把衡量爆震程度大小的标准叫做辛烷值,把正庚烷的辛烷值定为0,异辛烷的辛烷值定为100。汽油的辛烷值越高,汽油的抗爆震性能越好。清洁汽油是一种环保汽油,当前世界各国非常重视提高燃料的质量,推荐使用清洁汽油。
现有技术中,以含氧的乙醇汽油取代石化汽油,以期达到环保的要求,但是,乙醇汽油存在汽车油耗大,润滑性能不佳的问题。此外现有技术针对清洁汽油的研究也有能降低排放物中一氧化碳、碳氢化合物或氮氧化合物中的一种或两种含量的,但是很难做到同时降低三种有害物质含量的。
发明内容
为了解决以上的技术问题,本发明提供一种能够有效降低汽油尾气中有害物质含量的清洁汽油及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是提供一种清洁汽油。
本发明的目的是提供上述清洁汽油的制备方法。
本发明提供的清洁汽油,包括以下重量份的组分:
国标汽油60-65份,水12-18份,醇类5-10份,甲缩醛5-10份,麻风树籽油1-3份,油酸1-3份,调油剂5-10份,环己胺1.5-1.8份,乙醇胺0.8-1.2份,稳定剂0.03-0.05份,二茂铁0.01-0.02份,正辛醇3-5份,甲醚3-5份和乙醚3-5份。
本发明提供的清洁汽油以国标汽油为基础油,在基础油中加入水、麻风树籽油和醇类,麻风树籽油具有良好的燃烧性能,且燃烧后残炭含量适中,得到的汽油在使用过程中,水能够在高温高压下,裂解出氢和氧参加燃烧,并且水会产生微爆效应,促进汽油和醇类燃料的充分燃烧,降低尾气中的有害物质的含量;本发明通过甲缩醛、油酸、调油剂、环己胺、乙醇胺、稳定剂、二茂铁、正辛醇、甲醚和乙醚与国标汽油、醇类、水和麻风树籽油共同作用,得到的汽油雾化程度高,使得汽油在使用过程中,燃烧更充分,减少尾气中的碳氢化合物、一氧化碳、氮氧化合物的含量。
上述的清洁汽油,优选地,包括以下重量份的组分:国标汽油60份,水15份,醇类10份,甲缩醛5份,麻风树籽油2份,油酸2份,调油剂5份,环己胺1.5份,乙醇胺1份,稳定剂0.05份,二茂铁0.01份,正辛醇3份,甲醚3份和乙醚3份。
上述的清洁汽油,优选地,所述醇类包括甲醇或乙醇。
上述的清洁汽油,优选地,所述调油剂包括甲苯、二甲苯、煤油中的一种或多种。本发明的调油剂在汽油中,具有抗爆震性能,降低能量的损失,提高燃料的利用率,保护气缸。
优选地,所述稳定剂为T501或T502A。本发明采用的稳定剂为市售稳定剂,提高汽油的抗氧化性能。
上述的清洁汽油,优选地,所述组分还包括抗磨剂0.03-0.05份,进一步优选地,所述抗磨剂包括石墨粉和氧化锌粉,所述石墨粉与氧化锌粉的重量比为97:3。进一步优选地,所述抗磨剂的粒径为20-30nm。本发明提供的清洁汽油中醇类物质的摩擦系数大,抗磨剂的加入能够有效提高汽油的润滑性能,降低燃油对发动机的影响,并且有助于发动机摩擦的自我修复,延长发动机的使用时间。
本发明提供上述清洁汽油的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将国标汽油、水、醇类、油酸、环己胺、麻风树籽油、正辛醇、甲醚、乙醚依次加入到反应釜中,循环剪切搅拌,得到混合油;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的混合油中依次加入甲缩醛、调油剂、乙醇胺、稳定剂、二茂铁,循环搅拌至油品清亮,得到所述清洁汽油。
优选地,步骤(1)中,搅拌的时间为50-60min。
优选地,步骤(1)中,搅拌的时间为10-20min。
本发明的有益效果为:
1.本发明提供的清洁汽油以国标汽油为基础油,在其中加入水、麻风树籽油、醇类,主要原料大部分可再生,经济环保;麻风树籽油具有良好的燃烧性能,且燃烧后残炭含量适中,得到的汽油在使用过程中,水能够在高温高压下,裂解出氢和氧参加燃烧,并且水会产生微爆效应,促进汽油和醇类燃料的充分燃烧,降低尾气中的有害物质的含量,其他组分为助剂,助剂与主料之间相互作用,使得到的汽油油品清亮,具有良好的使用性能。
2.本发明提供的清洁汽油长期储存不变质,性能稳定不分层,燃烧之后的尾气中,碳氢化合物、一氧化碳、氮氧化合物的含量低。
3.本发明提供的清洁汽油的制备方法操作简单,生产过程中无三废产生,经济环保。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
本发明实施例中每1重量份对用1kg。
实施例1
一种清洁汽油,包括以下重量份的组分:
国标93#汽油60份,水12份,甲醇5份,甲缩醛5份,麻风树籽油1份,油酸1份,调油剂5份,环己胺1.5份,乙醇胺0.8份,稳定剂0.03份,二茂铁0.01份,正辛醇3份,甲醚3份和乙醚3份;所述稳定剂为T501,来源为市售;所述调油剂为甲苯。
上述清洁汽油的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将国标汽油、水、甲醇、油酸、环己胺、麻风树籽油、正辛醇、甲醚、乙醚依次加入到反应釜中,循环剪切搅拌50-60min,得到混合油;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的混合油中依次加入甲缩醛、调油剂、乙醇胺、稳定剂、二茂铁,循环搅拌10-20min至油品清亮,得到所述清洁汽油。
实施例2
一种清洁汽油,包括以下重量份的组分:
国标93#汽油65份,水18份,乙醇10份,甲缩醛10份,麻风树籽油3份,油酸3份,调油剂10份,环己胺1.8份,乙醇胺1.2份,稳定剂0.05份,二茂铁0.02份,正辛醇5份,甲醚5份和乙醚5份;所述调油剂为二甲苯5份和甲苯5份;所述稳定剂为T502A,来源为市售。
上述清洁汽油的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将国标汽油、水、乙醇、油酸、环己胺、麻风树籽油、正辛醇、甲醚、乙醚依次加入到反应釜中,循环剪切搅拌50-60min,得到混合油;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的混合油中依次加入甲缩醛、调油剂、乙醇胺、稳定剂、二茂铁,循环搅拌10-20min至油品清亮,得到所述清洁汽油。
实施例3
一种清洁汽油,包括以下重量份的组分:
国标93#汽油60份,水15份,乙醇10份,甲缩醛5份,麻风树籽油2份,油酸2份,调油剂5份,环己胺1.5份,乙醇胺1份,稳定剂0.05份,二茂铁0.01份,正辛醇3份,甲醚3份和乙醚3份;所述调油剂为煤油,所述稳定剂为T502A,来源为市售。
上述清洁汽油的制备方法与实施例2相同。
实施例4
一种清洁汽油,包括以下重量份的组分:
国标93#汽油60份,水12份,甲醇8份,甲缩醛5份,麻风树籽油2份,油酸1份,调油剂5份,环己胺1.5份,乙醇胺1份,稳定剂0.05份,二茂铁0.01份,正辛醇4份,甲醚3份,乙醚3份和抗磨剂0.03份;所述调油剂为煤油;所述稳定剂为T502A,来源为市售;所述抗磨剂包括墨粉和氧化锌粉,所述石墨粉与氧化锌粉的重量比为97:3;所述抗磨剂的粒径为20-30nm。
上述清洁汽油的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将国标汽油、水、甲醇、油酸、环己胺、麻风树籽油、正辛醇、甲醚、乙醚依次加入到反应釜中,循环剪切搅拌50-60min,得到混合油;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的混合油中依次加入甲缩醛、调油剂、乙醇胺、稳定剂、二茂铁和抗磨剂,循环搅拌10-20min至油品清亮,得到所述清洁汽油。
实施例5
一种清洁汽油,包括以下重量份的组分:
国标93#汽油60份,水15份,乙醇10份,甲缩醛5份,麻风树籽油2份,油酸2份,调油剂5份,环己胺1.5份,乙醇胺1份,稳定剂0.05份,二茂铁0.01份,正辛醇3份,甲醚3份,乙醚3份和抗磨剂0.05份;
所述调油剂为煤油;所述稳定剂为T502A,来源为市售;所述抗磨剂包括墨粉和氧化锌粉,所述石墨粉与氧化锌粉的重量比为97:3;所述抗磨剂的粒径为20-30nm。
上述清洁汽油的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将国标汽油、水、乙醇、油酸、环己胺、麻风树籽油、正辛醇、甲醚、乙醚依次加入到反应釜中,循环剪切搅拌50-60min,得到混合油;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的混合油中依次加入甲缩醛、调油剂、乙醇胺、稳定剂、二茂铁和抗磨剂,循环搅拌10-20min至油品清亮,得到所述清洁汽油。
试验例
1.检测实施例3和实施例5得到的清洁汽油的各项理化性能,结果见表1。
表1各项检测结果
从表1的结果可以看出,本发明提供的请耳机汽油的各项理化性能古河国标的要求,辛烷值高,含铅量低,含硫量低,含苯量低。
2.检测实施例1-5得到的清洁汽油的尾气中的含量,结果见表2。
表2尾气检测结果
从表2的结果可以看出,本发明提供的清洁汽油的排气污染物排放量中氮氧化合物的含量在130以下远低于国标的要求(700),碳氢化合物的含量在10以下,远低于国标的要求(90),一氧化碳的含量在0.04%以下,远低于国标(0.5%)的要求,说明本发明提供的清洁汽油燃烧之后,尾气中污染物的含量显著降低。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种清洁汽油,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:
国标汽油60-65份,水12-18份,醇类5-10份,甲缩醛5-10份,麻风树籽油1-3份,油酸1-3份,调油剂5-10份,环己胺1.5-1.8份,乙醇胺0.8-1.2份,稳定剂0.03-0.05份,二茂铁0.01-0.02份,正辛醇3-5份,甲醚3-5份和乙醚3-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的清洁汽油,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:国标汽油60份,水15份,醇类10份,甲缩醛5份,麻风树籽油2份,油酸2份,调油剂5份,环己胺1.5份,乙醇胺1份,稳定剂0.05份,二茂铁0.01份,正辛醇3份,甲醚3份和乙醚3份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的清洁汽油,其特征在于,所述醇类包括甲醇或乙醇。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的清洁汽油,其特征在于,所述调油剂包括甲苯、二甲苯、煤油中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的清洁汽油,其特征在于,所述组分还包括抗磨剂0.03-0.05份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的清洁汽油,其特征在于,所述抗磨剂包括石墨粉和氧化锌粉,所述石墨粉与氧化锌粉的重量比为97:3。
7.根据权利要求5所述的清洁汽油,其特征在于,所述抗磨剂的粒径为20-30nm。
8.权利要求1所述的清洁汽油的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将国标汽油、水、醇类、油酸、环己胺、麻风树籽油、正辛醇、甲醚、乙醚依次加入到反应釜中,循环剪切搅拌,得到混合油;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的混合油中依次加入甲缩醛、调油剂、乙醇胺、稳定剂、二茂铁,循环搅拌至油品清亮,得到所述清洁汽油。
9.根据权利要求8所述的清洁汽油的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,搅拌的时间为50-60min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的清洁汽油的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,搅拌的时间为10-20min。
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