CN111999232A - Test device and test method for measuring change of permeability of rock core along with pressure - Google Patents
Test device and test method for measuring change of permeability of rock core along with pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111999232A CN111999232A CN202010873384.3A CN202010873384A CN111999232A CN 111999232 A CN111999232 A CN 111999232A CN 202010873384 A CN202010873384 A CN 202010873384A CN 111999232 A CN111999232 A CN 111999232A
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- rock core
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Abstract
A test device and a test method for measuring the change of the permeability of a rock core along with the pressure are disclosed. The water tank is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder through a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe; the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the rock core through a water outlet pipe, and a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge and a water outlet valve are arranged on the water outlet pipe; the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder through an emptying pipe, and an air valve is arranged on the emptying pipe; the water inlet valve, the pressure sensor, the water outlet valve and the air valve are all connected with a PLC controller; the PLC controller is connected with a servo motor, and the servo motor is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through a reduction gear pair and used for driving the piston to move up and down. The invention can arbitrarily set the test pressure value and automatically identify the characteristics of different core samples. And the optimized control strategy is adopted to realize rapid pressure boosting, pressure maintaining and pressure tracking, and the overshoot is small or not.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of core permeability tests, in particular to a test device and a test method for measuring the change of the core permeability along with pressure.
Background
The core permeability has great influence on the oil yield, the production mode and the oil production measures of the oil field, the conditions that the core permeability and the core permeability change along with the pressure are accurately measured, and the corresponding production measures are favorably adopted to improve the oil yield, so the research significance is great.
At present, a core permeability tester can only test the permeability of a core under confining pressure, and the constant pressure method is adopted by the petroleum industry for testing the permeability of the core by utilizing the Darcy principle. The general function of this kind of test instrument is comparatively single, only can test rock core permeability under the fixed pressure, can only accomplish the survey of the permeability of a medium moreover, can't carry out the self-adaptation test according to test object medium characteristic. At present, a test device for testing the permeability of the rock core along with the pressure change does not exist, so that the influence of the fluid pressure change on the permeability of the rock core cannot be researched, and the technical analysis of the characteristic of the rock core under the condition of continuous pressure change cannot be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test device and a test method for measuring the change of the permeability of a rock core along with pressure, which can arbitrarily set a test pressure value and automatically identify the characteristics of different rock core samples. And the optimized control strategy is adopted to realize rapid pressure boosting, pressure maintaining and pressure tracking, and the overshoot is small or not.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a test device for measuring core permeability as a function of pressure, the device comprising:
the hydraulic cylinder, the servo motor, the PLC controller and the water tank;
the water tank is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder through a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe;
the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the rock core through a water outlet pipe, and a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge and a water outlet valve are arranged on the water outlet pipe;
the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder through an emptying pipe, and an air valve is arranged on the emptying pipe;
the water inlet valve, the pressure sensor, the water outlet valve and the air valve are all connected with a PLC controller;
the PLC controller is connected with a servo motor, and the servo motor is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through a reduction gear pair and used for driving the piston to move up and down.
The PLC is connected with the touch screen, and the touch screen is used for setting a constant pressure value and starting and stopping commands or displaying a pressure curve and a pressure difference curve.
The PLC is connected with an upper computer, and the upper computer is used for setting a constant pressure value, a pressure difference value and a start-stop command, and displaying and recording a pressure curve and a pressure difference curve; the host computer is connected with the Internet network to realize the functions of equipment interconnection and remote monitoring.
The PLC is connected with the servo motor through a driver.
A test method for measuring the change of the permeability of a rock core along with the pressure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: opening the water inlet valve and the air valve, and closing the water outlet valve;
step two: the PLC controller sends an instruction to a driver, the driver drives an output shaft of the servo motor to rotate, and the reduction gear pair drives the piston to move upwards to the uppermost end of the hydraulic cylinder to remove water vapor so as to form an emptying stage;
step three: the PLC controller sends an instruction, the reduction gear pair drives the piston to firstly move downwards to the lowest end of the hydraulic cylinder, then the piston moves upwards to the position 1/3 of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the water inlet valve is closed, and the water outlet valve is opened;
step four: setting a constant pressure value or a pressure difference value according to a constant pressure mode or a tracking pressure mode, pushing a piston to move upwards, firstly establishing pressure, and then quickly reaching the constant pressure value to form a pressure establishment stage;
step five: after the constant pressure value is reached, the pressure is reduced due to the permeation of the rock core, the piston slightly moves upwards according to the detection value of the pressure sensor, the pressure loss is compensated, the constant pressure value is kept unchanged, and a pressure maintaining stage is formed;
step six: the upper computer sets a pressure difference value, the PLC controls the piston to move up and down, and the pressure value is kept to change along with the pressure difference value, so that a pressure tracking stage is formed.
The invention relates to a test device and a test method for measuring the change of rock core permeability along with pressure, which have the following technical effects:
1) the invention can set the test pressure in the maximum pressure range, build pressure, boost pressure and stabilize pressure quickly; the set test pressure can be changed at any time during the test, and the test requirement of the rock core permeability test along with the pressure change is fully met.
2) The method comprises a pressure tracking mode, and can track a pressure change curve preset by an upper computer, and the pressure change curve can truly simulate the actual production. Under the condition, the tested core permeability data can reflect the actual production situation more truly, and theoretical guidance is provided for actual production.
3) The invention can self-adaptively identify the characteristics of the rock core aiming at different rock core materials and different rock core permeability characteristics, adopts proper PID control parameters, ensures quick boosting, does not overshoot or has small overshoot, and meets the requirement of control performance indexes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the testing apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a test apparatus for measuring core permeability as a function of pressure, the apparatus comprising:
the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, a servo motor 4, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 6 and a water tank 12;
the water tank 12 is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder 1 through a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet valve 9 is arranged on the water inlet pipe;
the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is communicated with a rock core 15 through a water outlet pipe, and a pressure sensor 13, a pressure gauge 14 and a water outlet valve 10 are arranged on the water outlet pipe;
the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder 1 through an emptying pipe, and an air valve 11 is arranged on the emptying pipe;
the water inlet valve 9, the pressure sensor 13, the water outlet valve 10 and the air valve 11 are all connected with the PLC 6;
the PLC controller 6 is connected with the servo motor 4, and the servo motor 4 is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1 through the reduction gear pair 3 and used for driving the piston 2 to move up and down.
The PLC controller 6 is connected with the touch screen 7, and the touch screen 7 is used for setting a constant pressure value and starting and stopping commands or displaying a pressure curve and a pressure difference curve.
The PLC controller 6 is connected with an upper computer 8, and the upper computer 8 is used for setting a constant pressure value, a pressure difference value and a start-stop command, and displaying and recording a pressure curve and a pressure difference curve; the upper computer 8 is connected with the Internet network to realize the functions of equipment interconnection and remote monitoring.
The PLC controller 6 is connected with the servo motor 4 through a driver 5.
The hydraulic cylinder 1 is a hydraulic cylinder YGD-100 with a proximity switch, the pressure grade is 70MPa, and the stroke is 200 mm.
The servo motor 4 is a loose ac servo motor MSMF022L1a 1.
The PLC controller 6 is Siemens S7-1200PLC, and CPU 1214C.
The water inlet valve 9 is a two-position five-way 24V solenoid valve for Adleman.
The pressure sensor 13 is a 4-20mA digital display high-precision pressure transmitter with the measuring range of 70 MPa.
The pressure gauge 14 is a stainless steel pressure gauge with a measuring range of 70 MPa.
The water outlet valve 10 is a two-position five-way 24V solenoid valve for Adeko.
The air valve 11 is a two-position five-way 24V solenoid valve for Adam.
The drive 5 is a loose ac servomotor drive MADLN15 SE.
The upper computer 8 is an IPC-510610 l of the Mohua industrial personal computer.
The upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is communicated with the rock core 15 through a water outlet pipe. The core sample for testing permeability is a cylinder, is sealed by a special clamp, one end of the core sample is a water inlet pipe, the other end of the core sample is a water outlet pipe, and the pipe diameter is 5 mm.
A test method for measuring the change of the permeability of a rock core along with the pressure comprises the following steps:
step 1, an emptying stage:
because the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is communicated with the rock core 15, water and vapor can be mixed, the PLC 6 sends out a control command, the piston 2 moves to the uppermost end of the hydraulic cylinder to remove the water and vapor, and at the moment, the PLC 6 controls to open the water inlet valve 9 and the air valve 11 and close the water outlet valve 10;
in the process, the water inlet valve 9 is required to be opened, the PLC 6 sends out a control command to enable the piston 2 to move downwards, the hydraulic cylinder 1 sucks liquid water, then the hydraulic cylinder moves upwards for 1/3 stroke distance, water vapor is removed beneficially, and only the liquid water is reserved.
at the moment, the water inlet valve 9 is required to be closed, the water outlet valve 10 is required to be opened, the rock core 15 is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder 1, the pressure value of the pressure sensor 13 is almost zero, and the pressure needs to be quickly increased. Because the core 15 is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder 1, water and vapor are mixed possibly, and the piston 2 can quickly increase the pressure only by moving at the maximum speed, which is called as starting pressure;
after pressure is started, the piston 2 cannot move at the maximum speed, a proper speed needs to be selected to establish pressure, the movement speed of the piston 2 is too high, large overshoot is easily generated, and the rock core 15 is damaged; the piston 2 has too low movement speed, and the pressure building process is long, so that the requirement of test indexes is not met;
when the starting pressure is 0.5MPa, switching to a core characteristic identification and control strategy optimization stage, wherein the duration of the stage is 3-5 seconds; the test object rock core 15 of the device has various characteristics, and some rock cores have high permeability and some rock cores have low permeability. The core characteristic identification is essentially a PID parameter self-tuning stage, and the optimal parameter of a proper PID control strategy is obtained by adopting a fly-up curve method; and then according to the core characteristics, proper PID control parameters are adopted to ensure that the boosting is rapid, the overshoot is not generated or is small, and the index requirements are met. And the core characteristic identification and control strategy in the pressure building stage is a key technology.
Step 4, pressure maintaining stage:
due to the permeation of the rock core 15, the pressure is reduced, the PLC 6 controls the piston 2 to move up and down through a control algorithm, the pressure is kept unchanged, and the piston 2 generally moves upwards slightly; when the piston 2 continuously moves upwards, if the piston 2 moves to the uppermost end of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the water outlet valve 10 needs to be closed, the water inlet valve 9 needs to be opened, the PLC 6 records the current pressure value at the moment, then the emptying and preparation stage processes are carried out, and the water inlet valve 9 is closed after the preparation stage is completed; the PLC 6 controls the piston 2 to slightly rise, and the water outlet valve 10 is opened after the pressure reaches the pressure value recorded originally in the pressure maintaining stage, so that the pressure maintaining process is continued. If the constant pressure value can not be reached after the first emptying and preparation stage is finished, the emptying and preparation stage is carried out again. The pressure maintaining stage has fast response and no overshoot, and the performance of the pressure maintaining stage depends on a proper PID controller, i.e. PID parameter self-tuning in the pressure building stage.
the upper computer 8 gives a differential pressure value, the PLC 6 adds the differential pressure value according to the constant pressure value, controls the piston 2 to move up and down, and keeps the pressure value to change along with the differential pressure value.
Step 6: the touch screen 7 sets a constant pressure value and a start-stop command, and displays a pressure curve or a pressure difference curve;
and 7: the upper computer 8 sets a constant pressure value, a differential pressure value, a start-stop command, displays and records a pressure curve, a differential pressure curve and the like.
And 8: the upper computer 8 is connected with the Internet network to realize the functions of equipment interconnection and remote monitoring.
Claims (5)
1. A test device for measuring the permeability of a rock core along with the change of pressure is characterized by comprising:
the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder (1), a servo motor (4), a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller (6) and a water tank (12);
the water tank (12) is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder (1) through a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet valve (9) is arranged on the water inlet pipe;
the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is communicated with the rock core (15) through a water outlet pipe, and a pressure sensor (13), a pressure gauge (14) and a water outlet valve (10) are arranged on the water outlet pipe;
the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder (1) through an emptying pipe, and an air valve (11) is arranged on the emptying pipe;
the water inlet valve (9), the pressure sensor (13), the water outlet valve (10) and the air valve (11) are all connected with the PLC (6);
the PLC controller (6) is connected with the servo motor (4), and the servo motor (4) is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (1) through the reduction gear pair (3) and used for driving the piston (2) to move up and down.
2. The test device for measuring the change of the permeability of the rock core along with the pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the PLC controller (6) is connected with the touch screen (7), and the touch screen (7) is used for setting a constant pressure value and starting and stopping commands or displaying a pressure curve and a pressure difference curve.
3. The test device for measuring the change of the permeability of the rock core along with the pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the PLC controller (6) is connected with an upper computer (8), and the upper computer (8) is used for setting a constant pressure value, a pressure difference value and a start-stop command, and displaying and recording a pressure curve and a pressure difference curve; the upper computer (8) is connected with the Internet to realize the functions of equipment interconnection and remote monitoring.
4. The test device for measuring the change of the permeability of the rock core along with the pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the PLC controller (6) is connected with the servo motor (4) through a driver (5).
5. A test method for measuring the change of the permeability of the rock core along with the pressure by adopting the test device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: opening a water inlet valve (9) and an air valve (11), and closing a water outlet valve (10);
step two: the PLC controller (6) sends an instruction to a driver (5), the driver (5) drives an output shaft of the servo motor (4) to rotate, and the reduction gear pair (3) drives the piston (2) to move upwards to the uppermost end of the hydraulic cylinder (1) to remove water vapor so as to form an emptying stage;
step three: the PLC controller (6) sends an instruction, the reduction gear pair (3) drives the piston (2) to firstly move downwards to the lowest end of the hydraulic cylinder (1), then the piston (2) moves upwards to the 1/3 position of the hydraulic cylinder (1), the water inlet valve (9) is closed, and the water outlet valve (10) is opened;
step four: according to the constant pressure mode or the tracking pressure mode, a constant pressure value or a pressure difference value is set, the piston (2) is pushed to move upwards, pressure is built firstly, then the constant pressure value is reached quickly, and a pressure building stage is formed;
step five: after the constant pressure value is reached, the pressure is reduced due to the permeation of the rock core 15, the piston (2) slightly moves upwards according to the detection value of the pressure sensor (13), the pressure loss is compensated, the constant pressure value is kept unchanged, and a pressure maintaining stage is formed;
step six: the upper computer (6) is provided with a differential pressure value, the PLC (6) controls the movable piston (2) to move up and down, and the pressure value is kept to change along with the differential pressure value, so that a pressure tracking stage is formed.
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| CN202010873384.3A CN111999232A (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Test device and test method for measuring change of permeability of rock core along with pressure |
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| CN202010873384.3A CN111999232A (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Test device and test method for measuring change of permeability of rock core along with pressure |
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