CN101773947A - Digital hydraulic extruder speed control system and method - Google Patents

Digital hydraulic extruder speed control system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101773947A
CN101773947A CN 201010132158 CN201010132158A CN101773947A CN 101773947 A CN101773947 A CN 101773947A CN 201010132158 CN201010132158 CN 201010132158 CN 201010132158 A CN201010132158 A CN 201010132158A CN 101773947 A CN101773947 A CN 101773947A
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speed
controller
hydraulic
control
regulating mechanism
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CN101773947B (en
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谭建平
周俊峰
陈晖�
文跃兵
汪顺民
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Central South University
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Central South University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a digital hydraulic extruder speed control system and a method. The system comprises a speed setting device, a speed measuring device, a controller and a speed regulating mechanism; wherein the speed setting device and the speed measuring device are both connected with the input end of the controller; and the output end of the controller is connected with the speed regulating mechanism. The system is characterized in that both the detection unit and the control unit of the system adopt a digital component, and all-digital communication of signals of each unit of the system is realized through an industrial field bus. In the control method, asymmetric PID regulation is adopted to obtain a speed control implementation signal and to output the speed control implementation signal to the speed regulating mechanism, and then the speed regulating mechanism regulates the opening degree of the valve core of a water throttling valve in the method of controlling water with oil, thereby realizing the closed-loop control of the extruding speed of the hydraulic extruder. The system and the method disclosed in the invention have the advantages of high anti-interference performance, high reliability and high practicability, and realize the high-precision closed-loop control of the extruding speed of the hydraulic extruder in the special environment.

Description

A kind of digital hydraulic extruder speed control system and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the integrated control of mechanical electronic hydraulic field, be specifically related to a kind of digital hydraulic extruder speed control system and method.
Background technology
Large-scale hydraulic extruder is the important symbol of a national manufacturing capacity as the large foundation equipment, is bringing into play key effect for the development in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, boats and ships, petrochemical industry, electric power, military project.Production has significance for extruded product in extrusion speed control, and on the one hand, from the extrusion process angle analysis, factors such as the material composition of extrusion speed and extrudate, cross sectional shape, extrusion ratio are closely related; On the other hand, influence product quality for avoiding extruded product ripple to occur, extrusion speed must be relatively stable in same extrusion process.So, in extrusion process, the strict control of the big palpulus of extrusion speed.
At present, many researchs have been carried out for the speed control of middle-size and small-size oil pressure extruder both at home and abroad, obtained bigger progress, comparatively Cheng Shu extruder speed control technology mainly contains frequency conversion drive volumetric speed control mode, variable pump volumetric speed control mode, electro-hydraulic proportion cartridge valve mode of speed regulation etc., the application of having succeeded in the control of middle-size and small-size oil pressure extruder speed of above-mentioned mode of speed regulation.But for large-size extruder (more than the ton), because its working solution scale of construction is huge, leakage rate is big, and hydraulic oil expense height is considered economic dispatch aspect factor, and its driving medium mostly is emulsion or water.Because the particularity of its driving medium, above-mentioned existing ripe mode of speed regulation also is not suitable for large-scale hydraulic extruder.At present, mostly rest on the open loop control stage for large-scale hydraulic extruder speed control rate control system both at home and abroad, control accuracy is low, and production efficiency is low.And there is following difficult point in the new system development of speed closed loop: (1) speed closed loop system need stablize, signal detection and control system reliably, and large-scale hydraulic extruder working environment is more abominable relatively, traditional analog detection, control components and parts originally are subjected to extraneous interference easily under adverse circumstances, it detects, control signal also very easily is subjected to the interference of adverse circumstances and makes signal inaccurate in the long-distance transmissions process, and system reliability is poor; (2) traditional large-scale hydraulic extruder choke valve opening degree control mode adopts direct current generator to drive worm and gear mostly, after slowing down, decelerator drives transmission levers again with nut screw pair mechanism, thereby control choke valve spool aperture, control flow indirectly, driving-chain is long, precision is low, the poor stability of valve, can't satisfy the requirement of speed high precision closed loop control.
For improving velocity control accuracy and production efficiency, be necessary to overcome the deficiency of prior art, new method is proposed, set up new system, realize the accurate closed-loop control of large-scale hydraulic extruder extrusion speed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention wants the technical solution problem to provide a kind of digital hydraulic extruder speed control system and method, and this system's antijamming capability is strong, and the reliability height is practical, has realized the high precision closed loop control of hydraulic extruder extrusion speed under the particular surroundings.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted to be:
A kind of digital hydraulic extruder speed control system is characterized in that, comprises speed setter, speed measuring device, controller and speed regulating mechanism; Described speed setter all is connected with the input of controller with speed measuring device; The output termination speed regulating mechanism of controller;
Described speed measuring device is used to measure the flexible sensor of digital magnetic hysteresis of hydraulic extruder moved cross beam translational speed;
Described speed regulating mechanism comprises proportional reversing valve, choke valve, hydraulic jack and water choke valve;
Described hydraulic jack comprises piston and the first piston chamber and second plunger shaft that are separated by piston; First control port on the first piston chamber and second control port on second plunger shaft connect 2 liquid output ports of proportional reversing valve respectively; Proportional reversing valve is connected with the throttling hydraulic power unit; The battery iron of proportional reversing valve is connected with the output of controller;
The path of the liquid output port of proportional reversing valve and first control port, second control port is provided with choke valve
Described choke valve comprises mobilizable spool and fluid course; Cause the opening degree variation of fluid course along with the motion of spool; Described spool links to each other with the piston rod of hydraulic jack.
The flexible sensor of described digital magnetic hysteresis comprises sensor head, sensor bar and the slide block magnet that can slide along sensor bar; Sensor head is connected with sensor bar, and sensor head and sensor bar all are fixed on the resting; On the hydraulic extruder moved cross beam, be provided with the contiguous block of a projection; Contiguous block and described sliding magnet join by hinge.
Described controller adopts asymmetrical PID controller; Described asymmetrical PID controller has different pid parameters at error originated from input under the minus state greater than zero-sum; Described error originated from input is poor for the velocity amplitude measured and set-point.
The speed setter is all communicated by letter with controller by the Profibus-dp industrial field bus with speed measuring device, and described controller adopts PLC.
A kind of digital hydraulic extruder method for control speed is characterized in that, adopts the translational speed of the flexible sensor measurement hydraulic extruder moved cross beam of digital magnetic hysteresis, i.e. feedback speed; All be input to this feedback speed and velocity amplitude given in advance in the controller; Controller output controlled quentity controlled variable is given speed regulating mechanism, is driven the crossbeam action of hydraulic extruder by speed regulating mechanism;
Described speed regulating mechanism comprises proportional reversing valve, choke valve, hydraulic jack and water choke valve;
Described hydraulic jack comprises piston and the first piston chamber and second plunger shaft that are separated by piston; First control port on the first piston chamber and second control port on second plunger shaft connect 2 control output end mouths of proportional reversing valve respectively; Proportional reversing valve is connected with the throttling hydraulic power unit; The battery iron of proportional reversing valve is connected with the output of controller; Described choke valve comprises mobilizable spool and fluid course; Cause the opening degree variation of fluid course along with the motion of spool; Described spool links to each other with the piston rod of hydraulic jack;
The path of the control output end mouth of proportional reversing valve and first control port, second control port is provided with choke valve
Described controller adopts asymmetrical PID controller; Described asymmetrical PID controller has different pid parameters at error originated from input under the minus state greater than zero-sum.
The flexible sensor of digital magnetic hysteresis is realized communicating by letter with controller by the German siemens industry data bus Profibus-dp of company, and described controller adopts PLC.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The advantage that the detection method that the present invention relates to has is as follows:
(1) this system is " digital " system, by adopting the digital industrial field bus of digital detection, control module and Profibus_dp, improve the antijamming capability and the reliability of system greatly, solved the problem that traditional " analog " system is difficult to adapt to the abominable working environment of large-scale hydraulic extruder;
(2) " oil control water " mode is adopted in extrusion speed control, promptly directly drives big latus rectum water choke valve valve core movement by the servo-hydraulic system and controls big latus rectum water choke valve opening degree, realizes extrusion speed control.This control mode driving-chain is short, precision is high, good stability.
(3) control module adopts programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC control module, simple in structure clear, and by adopting asymmetric PID closed loop feedback control strategy, solved the asymmetric dynamic characteristic issues that extrusion speed increases and reduce system in the adjustment process, improved control accuracy.According to 125MN hydraulic press extruder field measurement data, system to response time of step signal about 0.8s, overshoot is about 3.6%, has reached comparatively ideal control effect, the response curve of system as shown in Figure 5.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention medium velocity control system structure chart;
Fig. 2 is tachogenerator mounting structure figure in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is " oil control water " speed regulating mechanism schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the asymmetric PID control of an embodiment of the invention medium velocity block diagram;
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the invention medium velocity control design sketch.
Wherein, in the accompanying drawing 2: 1-channel-section steel, 2-sensor head, 3-slide block magnet, 4-moved cross beam, 5-contiguous block, 6-hinge, 7-sensor bar.
In the accompanying drawing 3: 8-drives hydraulic power unit, the 9-proportional reversing valve, and the 10-choke valve,
11-first control port, 12-second control port, 13-piston rod, 14-hydraulic jack, 15-choke valve spool, 16-first throttle valve port, 17-second throttle orifice, 18-throttle valve seat.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of digital large-scale hydraulic extruder speed control system comprises: speed setter, speed measuring device, control module, speed regulating mechanism.The speed that actual speed that control module records speed measuring device and speed setter are given compares computing, obtaining speed control carries out signal and outputs to speed regulating mechanism, speed regulating mechanism is regulated water choke valve valve core opening degree by " oil control water " mode, realizes the closed-loop control of hydraulic extruder extrusion speed.
Fig. 1 has described the present invention---and a kind of general structure of large-scale hydraulic extruder speed control system: system comprises: speed setter, speed measuring device, control module, speed regulating mechanism etc., each several part summary function is as follows:
Speed setter: touch screen by digital electric shock and constitute, realize the given continuously of extrusion speed;
Speed display device: realize the real-time demonstration of extrusion speed by host computer;
Speed measuring device: adopt the digital magnetic hysteresis sensor that stretches, realize the high-acruracy survey of extruder extrusion speed;
Control module: adopt programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC, be used for actual extrusion speed and given speed are compared computing, obtain speed control and carry out signal and output to speed regulating mechanism;
Speed regulating mechanism: constitute by proportional amplifier, proportional reversing valve, hydraulic jack, water choke valve, be used to realize the opening degree control of extruder water choke valve, its operation principle is the control signal that proportional amplifier receives controller output, signal is amplified the action of rear drive proportional reversing valve, the position of hydraulic cylinder piston rod is regulated in the proportional reversing valve action, hydraulic cylinder piston rod drives the action of water choke valve spool, thereby realize the control of water choke valve opening degree, finally finish extruder speed and regulate.
Hydraulic oil unit: for speed regulating mechanism provides hydraulic power.
Fig. 2 has described the present invention---a kind of speed measuring device structure of large-scale hydraulic extruder speed control system: on the extruder body, be parallel to the extruder moved cross beam direction of motion one fixing channel-section steel 1 is installed, displacement transducer is fixed on the channel-section steel 1, displacement transducer is made up of sensor head 2, sensor bar 7, slide block magnet 3, and slide block magnet 3 can be free to slide on sensor bar 7; One contiguous block, 5 one ends are welded on the extruder moved cross beam 4, and the other end and slide block magnet 3 link.The shock and vibration of moved cross beam are to the influence of sensor when working in order to eliminate extruder, be provided with " two ball pivot " hinge means 6 in contiguous block 5 and slide block magnet 3 connection places, this hinge means is made up of first universal spherical joint, second universal spherical joint, connecting rod three parts, first universal spherical joint and coupling block 5 link, second universal spherical joint and slide block magnet 3 link, and first universal spherical joint and second universal spherical joint link by connecting rod.The impact shock of each side has reached the purpose of protection sensor device to the influence of sensor sliding magnet in the time of moved cross beam can being moved by " two ball pivot " hinge means.The speed measuring device operation principle is: during the moved cross beam motion, driving slide block magnet 3 by contiguous block 5 and " two ball pivot " hinge means 6 slides on sensor bar 7, the position of slide block magnet 3 on sensor bar 7 recorded by the flexible principle of magnetic hysteresis and finishes functions such as displacement-rate conversion, speed detection signal output by the circuit in the sensor head 2, finally finishes the detection of moved cross beam speed.
Fig. 3 has described the present invention---and a kind of speed regulating mechanism structure of large-scale hydraulic extruder speed control system, speed regulating mechanism are mainly by proportional amplifier, proportion pilot flow valve, hydraulic jack, hydraulic oil unit, and big latus rectum water choke valve constitutes.It is characterized by hydraulic cylinder piston rod and be connected in one, thereby directly drive choke valve valve core movement control choke valve opening degree by piston rod movement with big latus rectum water choke valve spool.Its operation principle is:
When regulating the extrusion speed increase, proportional pilot valve 9 right side electromagnet get a current signal, under the oil pressure actuated of hydraulic oil unit 8, hydraulic oil enters hydraulic jack 14 by second control port 12, make on the piston rod 13 and move, and the hydraulic fluid flow rate that enters hydraulic cylinder is directly proportional with the current signal size that proportioning valve obtains, and promptly the piston rod translational speed is directly proportional with proportioning valve current signal size.Piston rod 13 moves up and drives big latus rectum water choke valve spool 15 and move up, and the choke valve opening degree is increased.Second throttle orifice 17 links with high-pressure water prmp room, and first throttle valve port 16 links with the extruder working cylinder, and after the choke valve opening degree increased, the flow that water under high pressure enters working cylinder increased, and extrusion speed increases.
When the adjusting extrusion speed reduces, proportional reversing valve 9 left side electromagnet obtain a current signal, under the driving of hydraulic oil unit 8, hydraulic oil enters hydraulic jack 14 by control port 11, piston rod 13 is moved down, and the hydraulic fluid flow rate that enters hydraulic cylinder is directly proportional with the current signal size that proportioning valve obtains, and promptly the piston rod translational speed is directly proportional with proportioning valve current signal size.Piston rod 13 moves down the big latus rectum water choke valve spool 15 of driving and moves down, and the choke valve opening degree is reduced.Second throttle orifice 17 links with high-pressure water prmp room, and first throttle valve port 16 links with the extruder working cylinder, and after the choke valve opening degree reduced, the flow that water under high pressure enters working cylinder reduced, and extrusion speed reduces.
Fig. 4 has described the present invention---a kind of asymmetric PID control principle figure of large-scale hydraulic extruder speed control system.Control module programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC compares computing with the actual speed that given speed and speed measuring device record, and obtains speed control and carries out signal and output to speed regulating mechanism.
It is the control method of a kind of classics in the control field that PID regulates, and is made up of ratio, integration, differential three parts, and establishing e (t) is the poor of given extrusion speed and actual extrusion speed, and then the traditional PID adjustment expression formula is as follows:
Whether the pid parameter setting is suitable will influence the control system overall performance, traditional its pid parameter of PID control method remains unchanged in control procedure, but in native system, because choke valve spool and follow-up unit self gravitation and spool, the influence of frictional force between piston rod and the counterpart, choke valve can be different in the dynamic characteristic of the process spool of opening and closing, promptly this system is an asymmetric dynamic system, at this feature, in control system to the choke valve opening and closing (be speed increase with reduce to regulate) process is provided with different pid control parameters, respectively the speed increase and the process that reduces are controlled, to improve the control performance of system.
According to above thinking, establish the difference of e (t) for setting speed and actual speed, in positive step response e (t) for just, in negative step response e (t) for negative, according to the positive and negative state of e (t) to PID adjusting carry out parameter region and join, its expression formula is as follows:
U ( t ) = K p ( t ) e ( t ) + ∫ t 0 t K i ( τ ) e ( τ ) dτ + K d ( t ) de ( t ) dt
K p(t)=K p1,K i(τ)=K i1,K d(t)=K d1,|e(t)≥0
K p(t)=K p2,K i(τ)=K i2,K d(t)=K d2,|e(t)<0
In the formula: the negative rank response of kp1-positive exponent response ratio coefficient k p2-proportionality coefficient
The negative rank response of ki1-positive exponent response integral coefficient ki2-integral coefficient
Kd1-positive exponent response differential coefficient kd2-positive exponent response differential coefficient
Parameter adopts by experiment method to determine, is example with positive step response, is specially the Ziegler-Nichols method that adopts, at first put ki1=kd1=0, the p1 of scaling up coefficient k gradually then, observing system response, when system's starting oscillation, the proportionality coefficient of writing down this moment is Km, the system oscillation frequencies omega m, the control parameter calculation formula is as follows:
K P1=0.6K m K D 1 = K P 1 π 4 ω m K I 1 = K P 1 ω m π
Fig. 5 has described the present invention---a kind of speed control effect of large-scale hydraulic extruder speed control system.By field experiment and adopt the Ziegler-Nichols method that the 125MN extruder speed control system is carried out pid parameter and adjust, K P1=9, K I1=36, K D1=0.6; K P2=14, K I2=25, K D2=1.3, as shown in Figure 5, this system to time of the response of step signal about 0.8s, overshoot is about 3.6%, can satisfy system requirements.

Claims (6)

1. a digital hydraulic extruder speed control system is characterized in that, comprises speed setter, speed measuring device, controller and speed regulating mechanism; Described speed setter all is connected with the input of controller with speed measuring device; The output termination speed regulating mechanism of controller;
Described speed measuring device is used to measure the flexible sensor of digital magnetic hysteresis of hydraulic extruder moved cross beam translational speed;
Described speed regulating mechanism comprises proportional reversing valve, choke valve, hydraulic jack and water choke valve;
Described hydraulic jack comprises piston and the first piston chamber and second plunger shaft that are separated by piston; First control port on the first piston chamber and second control port on second plunger shaft connect 2 liquid output ports of proportional reversing valve respectively; Proportional reversing valve is connected with hydraulic power unit; The electromagnet of proportional reversing valve is connected with the output of controller;
Described choke valve comprises mobilizable spool and fluid course; Cause the opening degree variation of fluid course along with the motion of spool; Described spool links to each other with the piston rod of hydraulic jack.
2. digital hydraulic extruder speed control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the flexible sensor of described digital magnetic hysteresis comprises sensor head, sensor bar and the slide block magnet that can slide along sensor bar; Sensor head is connected with sensor bar, and sensor head and sensor bar all are fixed on the resting; On the hydraulic extruder moved cross beam, be provided with the contiguous block of a projection; Contiguous block and described sliding magnet join by hinge.
3. digital hydraulic extruder speed control system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described controller adopts asymmetrical PID controller; Described asymmetrical PID controller has different pid parameters at error originated from input under the minus state greater than zero-sum; Described error originated from input is poor for the velocity amplitude measured and set-point.
4. according to each described digital hydraulic extruder speed control system of claim 1~3, it is characterized in that the speed setter is all communicated by letter with controller by the Profibus-dp industrial field bus with speed measuring device, described controller adopts PLC.
5. a digital hydraulic extruder method for control speed is characterized in that, adopts the translational speed of the flexible sensor measurement hydraulic extruder moved cross beam of digital magnetic hysteresis, i.e. feedback speed; All be input to this feedback speed and velocity amplitude given in advance in the controller; Controller output controlled quentity controlled variable is given speed regulating mechanism, is driven the crossbeam action of hydraulic extruder by speed regulating mechanism;
Described speed regulating mechanism comprises proportional reversing valve, choke valve, hydraulic jack and water choke valve;
Described hydraulic jack comprises piston and the first piston chamber and second plunger shaft that are separated by piston; First control port on the first piston chamber and second control port on second plunger shaft connect 2 control output end mouths of proportional reversing valve respectively; Proportional reversing valve is connected with the throttling hydraulic power unit; The battery iron of proportional reversing valve is connected with the output of controller; Described choke valve comprises mobilizable spool and fluid course; Cause the opening degree variation of fluid course along with the motion of spool; Described spool links to each other with the piston rod of hydraulic jack;
Described controller adopts asymmetrical PID controller; Described asymmetrical PID controller has different pid parameters at error originated from input under the minus state greater than zero-sum.
6. digital hydraulic extruder method for control speed according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the flexible sensor of digital magnetic hysteresis is communicated by letter with controller by the Profibus-dp industrial field bus, and described controller adopts PLC.
CN2010101321586A 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Digital hydraulic extruder speed control system and method Expired - Fee Related CN101773947B (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102536930A (en) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-04 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 Closed loop secondary speed control device controlled by guide operation flow
CN102784810A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-11-21 广东富华重工制造有限公司 Control system of car axle extrusion molding device
CN106964663A (en) * 2017-04-26 2017-07-21 池州市九华明坤铝业有限公司 A kind of aluminum section extruder constant speed control system
CN107143549A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-08 广东伟业铝厂集团有限公司 A kind of servo-control system based on extruding production technology
CN110413014A (en) * 2019-08-29 2019-11-05 河南东旺熙朝实业有限公司 A kind of aluminium material extruder speed control circuit
CN111842526A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-10-30 佛山市恒力泰机械有限公司 Speed control method, system and control device for aluminum profile extruder
CN114769491A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-22 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Intelligent speed regulation control system and method for large die forging press
CN117514954A (en) * 2024-01-08 2024-02-06 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Energy-saving extrusion speed electrohydraulic control system and control method

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102536930A (en) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-04 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 Closed loop secondary speed control device controlled by guide operation flow
CN102536930B (en) * 2010-12-28 2015-11-11 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所 A kind of closed loop secondary arrangements for speed regulation of pilot operated flow control
CN102784810A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-11-21 广东富华重工制造有限公司 Control system of car axle extrusion molding device
CN102784810B (en) * 2012-08-16 2015-04-08 广东富华重工制造有限公司 Control system of car axle extrusion molding device
CN106964663A (en) * 2017-04-26 2017-07-21 池州市九华明坤铝业有限公司 A kind of aluminum section extruder constant speed control system
CN107143549A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-08 广东伟业铝厂集团有限公司 A kind of servo-control system based on extruding production technology
CN110413014A (en) * 2019-08-29 2019-11-05 河南东旺熙朝实业有限公司 A kind of aluminium material extruder speed control circuit
CN110413014B (en) * 2019-08-29 2022-01-28 河南东旺熙朝实业有限公司 Speed control circuit of aluminum extruder
CN111842526A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-10-30 佛山市恒力泰机械有限公司 Speed control method, system and control device for aluminum profile extruder
CN114769491A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-22 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Intelligent speed regulation control system and method for large die forging press
CN117514954A (en) * 2024-01-08 2024-02-06 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Energy-saving extrusion speed electrohydraulic control system and control method

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