CN111998462A - Underground space high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing and purifying and heat recovery system and method - Google Patents
Underground space high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing and purifying and heat recovery system and method Download PDFInfo
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- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/16—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation
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- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
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- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
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- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
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- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
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- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-pollution exhaust air disinfecting and sterilizing purification and heat recovery system and a method for underground space, wherein the system comprises a negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe in a pollution area, any position on the negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with the inlet end of a ventilation pipe with a high-resistance heat-insulating layer, the outlet end of the ventilation pipe with the high-resistance heat-insulating layer is connected to the inlet end of an outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe through an electric backflow prevention valve, and the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected to an air suction opening of a high; and a plurality of virus killing devices are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the variable-efficiency variable-frequency fan. The invention firstly carries out high-temperature sterilization on air possibly containing viruses in the highly polluted building space through the electric heating pipeline, and then leads the air after the high-temperature sterilization to the outdoor various virus sterilization devices through the negative pressure pipeline to carry out diversified and thorough sterilization on the introduced air, thereby thoroughly eliminating the viruses in the air of the highly polluted building space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system and method for an underground space, and belongs to the field of indoor environment treatment.
Background
In 2020, new coronavirus has abused worldwide, and a large number of people infected with virus have moved about to be killed, so as to avoid further spreading of virus. Viruses are extremely prone to survive in cold, humid environments for long periods of time, particularly in tight underground spaces or above-ground spaces where external windows cannot be opened. How to ventilate the airtight building space and avoid secondary pollution caused by virus leakage becomes a difficult problem to be solved in the industry.
For example, in an underground trading hall of a certain wholesale market, after merchants infected with viruses are emergently evacuated, the underground trading hall becomes a high-risk area, the space of the underground trading hall is closed, a large amount of meat left behind is rotten and deteriorated in high-temperature weather, the rotten air has complex components and high concentration, and the possibility of viruses and methane is not eliminated. Meanwhile, the secondary pollution caused by the leakage of the virus is worried about, the air conditioner and the exhaust system of the underground trading hall are in a stop state, and people directly enter the underground trading hall to kill the virus with high difficulty and high danger. How to ventilate the closed space in the shortest time to remove viruses and polluted gas creates relatively safe working conditions for the entrance of the disinfection personnel, and becomes the urgent priority of the war.
Research shows that the virus can be transmitted in the form of aerosol, the diameter of the new coronavirus is 60-220 nm, the survival ability in a humid low-temperature environment is extremely strong, the difficulty is high and the cost is high when the new coronavirus is completely filtered by the conventional high-efficiency filter, the new coronavirus cannot be killed, and incomplete filtration or secondary transmission is easily caused. In addition, the air duct in the uncontaminated area before the filter is polluted by virus, and an effective disinfection means is also lacked.
In view of the above, there is a need to develop a high pollution exhaust air purification and heat recovery system for underground space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for high-pollution exhaust air sterilization, purification and heat recovery in underground space.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a high pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system for underground space, comprising a pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe, wherein at least one end of the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected with an air port with a primary filter, any position on the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with an inlet end of a high resistance area heat insulation layer ventilation pipe, an outlet end of the high resistance area heat insulation layer ventilation pipe is connected to an inlet end of an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe through an electric backflow prevention valve, and an outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected to an air extraction opening of a high efficiency variable frequency; and two ends of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline with the heat-insulating layer are electrically connected to a power supply.
Further, the exhaust port of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan is connected to the air inlet of a microporous aerator in the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfecting water tank, the microporous aerator is provided with a plurality of air outlet microporous gases, the air flow discharged from each air outlet microporous forms small bubbles to enter the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfecting water tank, and the small bubbles are fully contacted with the chlorine-containing disinfectant, so that at least one part of virus aerosol particles in the bubbles is absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfectant.
Further, the exhaust port of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfecting and killing water tank is connected to a chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying disinfector, the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying disinfector is connected to a humidifying pump, and the humidifying pump enables the chlorine-containing disinfectant to flow out of the upper part of a wet film humidifier of the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying disinfector and flow down slowly along the surface of the wet film to soak the whole wet film; the wet film humidifying disinfector of the chlorine-containing disinfectant is sealed in the square air pipe.
Furthermore, a high-temperature electric heating section is arranged in the square air pipe and is close to the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer, an airflow electric heater is arranged in the high-temperature electric heating section, and the airflow electric heater is suitable for heating airflow to be higher than 65 ℃.
Furthermore, a high-temperature water heating section is arranged in the square air pipe and is close to the high-temperature electric heating section, high-temperature water coil pipes which are distributed in a staggered mode are arranged in the high-temperature water heating section, and two ports of each high-temperature water coil pipe are communicated to two hot water pipes respectively to form a hot water circulation pipeline.
Furthermore, a temperature layering flow guide device is arranged between the high-temperature electric heating section and the high-temperature water heating section in the square air pipe; the temperature layering flow guide device is used for realizing position replacement of upper and lower layers of airflow so as to eliminate wall-attached airflow and strengthen heat exchange, and prevent part of airflow from being heated to influence the killing effect.
Furthermore, the temperature layering flow guide device comprises an upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe, a lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe and a central compression air duct; wall attaching air flow at the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe through the reduced section of the air duct and then guided to a downstream high position, the wall attaching air flow at the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated by the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe and then guided to a downstream low position, and the wall attaching air flow at two sides enters a central compressed air duct after being blocked and compressed by the inclined sections of the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe and the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe, so that the wall attaching air flow is eliminated and the heat exchange is.
Further, the high-temperature water heating section is connected to an air inlet end of an air compressor through an air outlet end of the high-temperature water heating section, the air outlet end of the air compressor is connected to an air inlet of a compressed air storage tank, an air outlet of the compressed air storage tank is connected to a burner, the burner is connected to a gas-fired hot water boiler, a water inlet and a water outlet of the gas-fired hot water boiler are respectively communicated to two hot water pipes, one ends of the two hot water pipes are connected to the high-temperature water heating section, and the other ends of the two hot water.
Further, a first flue gas waste heat coil pipe is arranged in the compressed air storage tank, a second flue gas waste heat coil pipe is arranged in the high-temperature decontamination water tank, a flue gas outlet of the gas-fired hot water boiler is communicated to the first flue gas waste heat coil pipe, and the first flue gas waste heat coil pipe is communicated to the second flue gas waste heat coil pipe.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for sterilizing, purifying and recovering high-pollution exhaust air in underground space, which comprises the following steps: (1) monitoring the air quality in the building space polluted by the virus in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, conducting the air in the building space polluted by the virus to an outdoor square air pipe through a negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe in a polluted area, a ventilation pipe with a high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer and an outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe in sequence, and electrifying and heating the ventilation pipe with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer to kill viruses attached to the pipe wall at high temperature; arranging a high-efficiency variable-frequency fan in the square air pipe, and connecting the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe to an air suction port of the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan to generate negative pressure on the drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating pipeline, and when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan is stopped, the electric backflow prevention valve is automatically closed so as to effectively prevent airflow from flowing backwards from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating pipeline into the high-resistance ventilating pipeline with the heat-insulating layer; an electric pressure-measuring relief valve is connected to the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe near the connection part of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe and the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer-band ventilation pipe and used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe, and when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe, the electric pressure-measuring relief valve is opened for pressure relief, so that air flow is prevented from flowing backwards from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe into the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer-band; (2) at least one of the following disinfection and killing treatment modes is carried out on the air flow flowing through the square air pipe: aerating and disinfecting chlorine-containing disinfectant, humidifying and disinfecting the chlorine-containing disinfectant by a wet film, heating and disinfecting by high-temperature electricity and heating and disinfecting by high-temperature water; compressing the air flow subjected to sterilization treatment and storing the air flow into a compressed air storage tank, feeding the compressed air in the compressed air storage tank into a burner for heating the gas-fired hot water boiler, and thoroughly sterilizing the air in the combustion process to obtain flue gas; (3) hot water in the gas hot water boiler is circularly used for heating and killing high-temperature water on one hand, and is circularly supplied to a high-temperature decontamination water tank for decontamination of each disinfection device on the other hand; set up flue gas waste heat coil pipe respectively in compressed air storage tank and high temperature decontamination water tank, gas boiler exhaust flue gas passes through two in proper order discharge behind the flue gas waste heat coil pipe, retrieve the waste heat and be used for promoting the temperature of compressed air in the compressed air storage tank in order to improve combustion efficiency and keep the temperature in the high temperature decontamination water tank.
Through the technical scheme, the invention can at least realize the following beneficial effects:
1. the air pipe in the non-polluted area can be sterilized. The air pipe in the uncontaminated area can be sterilized and killed by the high-resistance ventilating pipe with the heat-insulating layer, the first electrode contact of the current heating and sterilizing device and the second electrode contact of the current heating and sterilizing device. Specifically, an alternating current power supply in a building is respectively connected with a first electrode contact of the current heating and disinfecting device and a second electrode contact of the current heating and disinfecting device to form a power-on loop with the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilating duct, the temperature of the heating inner wall of the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilating duct is increased to be above 60 ℃ after the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilating duct is powered on, and the temperature of 60-100 ℃ is continuously kept for 30 minutes under the control of the temperature control module, so that high-temperature killing of viruses adsorbed on the surface of the high-resistance heat-insulation.
2. The aeration principle is utilized to thoroughly kill the viruses. The aeration principle in the water treatment engineering is applied to gas disinfection, large-flow gas is subdivided into small bubbles by using a microporous aerator, then the small bubbles are sent into chlorine-containing disinfectant, the small bubbles are fully contacted with the chlorine-containing disinfectant, part of virus aerosol particles in the bubbles are absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfectant, part of the virus aerosol particles are combined with the disinfectant volatilized by the chlorine-containing disinfectant (simultaneously, part of VOC in air flow is absorbed), and viruses are disinfected after contacting the chlorine-containing disinfectant, so that the virus content in the air flow sent out by a fan is obviously reduced, and a better disinfection effect is realized compared with the existing technology for disinfecting the air flow by using the disinfectant. In addition, in the space at the upper part in the aeration sterilizing water tank of the chlorine-containing disinfectant, the volatilized chlorine-containing disinfectant is filled due to natural volatilization of the disinfectant, and the air flow is combined with the volatilized chlorine-containing disinfectant in the space, so that a better sterilizing effect can be achieved.
3. Is provided with a humidifying sterilizer of a chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film. The invention utilizes the principle that the wet film humidifier makes the water-absorbing film contact with air, and the moisture on the film is humidified after being volatilized. The working liquid of the wet film humidifier is changed into disinfectant from air, the disinfectant is volatilized on the wet film and then enters the airflow in the form of disinfectant steam, the particle size of the disinfectant steam is small, and compared with the mode that other disinfectants such as spray liquid drops kill the airflow, the disinfectant steam with small particle size is easy to combine with aerosol in the airflow to effectively kill viruses.
4. Is provided with a high-temperature electric heating section. Related studies indicate that viruses are difficult to survive in high temperature environments. The invention is provided with a high-temperature electric heating section which can heat the air flow, the temperature of the surface of an electric heating rod of the air flow electric heater in the high-temperature electric heating section can reach hundreds of ℃, viruses in the air flow directly contacted with the high-temperature electric heating section can be killed instantly, and the integral temperature of the air flow is heated to be more than 65 ℃. After the air flow is heated, the relative humidity is greatly reduced, and the chlorine-containing disinfection liquid drops in the air flow are further volatilized and gasified at high temperature. The relative humidity of the airflow is greatly reduced, so that the subsequent filtration treatment is facilitated. In addition, because the survival time of the virus is obviously shortened at the high temperature of more than 65 ℃, the risk of the virus remaining in the airflow is further reduced after the virus is heated by the high-temperature electric heating section.
5. A temperature layering flow guide device is arranged. The lower-layer low-temperature airflow enters the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe and then flows out of the temperature layering flow guide device from the upper part, and the upper-layer high-temperature airflow passes through the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe and then flows out of the temperature layering flow guide device from the lower part, so that the upper-layer airflow and the lower-layer airflow enter the high-temperature water heating section for heating after the upper-layer airflow and the lower-layer airflow are internally replaced and transposed in the temperature layering flow guide device, and the condition that the temperature of. In addition, the air current at wind channel center receives the separation of the slant section of upper high temperature guide duct and lower floor's low temperature guide duct, after the compression, form the vortex, later get into narrow and small central compression wind channel, the wind speed improves, further aggravate the vortex, the vortex of air current can aggravate the air current at wind channel center and pass through the heat transfer of guide duct wall and upper high temperature guide duct and lower floor's low temperature guide duct for the air current of lower floor in the wind channel, the temperature of upper air current and central air current is closer. And, the heat transfer effect is better when the air current that has the vortex flows to high temperature water heating section than the laminar flow effect. Due to the problem of the installation process, a gap is inevitably formed between the heating device and the square air pipe. The air is a fluid and has certain viscosity, and the air has wall attaching airflow attached to the wall surface of the air pipe at the position contacted with the wall surface of the air pipe, and the wall attaching airflow has low flow rate and is easy to pass through a gap between the heating device and the wall surface of the square air pipe. This allows the coanda airflow to easily pass from the slot to the next treatment section without being treated by the heating means. This is unacceptable in systems that handle high risk viruses. The lower part of the air duct is compressed by the lower layer low-temperature air guide pipe through the reduction of the section of the air duct and then guided to the high position of the lower reaches, the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated by the upper layer high-temperature air guide pipe and then guided to the low position of the lower reaches, and the wall-attached air flows at two sides enter the central compression air duct after being blocked and compressed by the inclined sections of the upper layer high-temperature air guide pipe and the lower layer low-temperature air guide pipe. Therefore, the wall attaching air flows on the four sides of the square air pipe are guided and compressed to form air flows without wall attaching air flows and then are sent to the downstream, and the condition that the wall attaching air flows pass through gaps between the heating device and the square air pipe and are not effectively disinfected is avoided. Because the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe, the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe and the central compression air channel are all provided with the structure that the cross sections of the air pipes are suddenly reduced, the air flow flowing through the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe, the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe and the central compression air channel can be compressed and accelerated and then is sprayed out at a high speed from the minimum cross section, and therefore the wall attachment air flow is eliminated. When the high-speed airflow is sprayed to the high-temperature water heating section of the densely distributed coil pipes, serious eddy can be formed due to the obstruction of the coil pipes in staggered arrangement, and the heat exchange effect is enhanced.
6. The high-temperature water heating section is matched with the temperature layering flow guide device to effectively supplement the high-temperature electric heating section, so that all air flows are fully heated. Specifically, the high-temperature water heating section further heats the airflow from the high-temperature electric heating section, and the temperature of the airflow can be further increased to 75 ℃. The water inlet temperature of the high-temperature water heating section is 95 ℃, and the water outlet temperature is 85 ℃. When the high-temperature water heating section is passed through, the surface area of the dense high-temperature water coil pipe is very large, the area contacted with the air flow is large, the air flow is sufficiently heated, the condition that the temperature in the air flow is uneven is avoided (for example, the size of the section of the air pipe is very large, after the air pipe is electrically heated, the condition that the air flow at the upper part exceeds 70 ℃ and the air flow at the lower part of the air pipe just reaches 70 ℃) is avoided, and the risk of residual viruses in the air flow is further reduced.
7. Is provided with a high-efficiency variable frequency fan. The rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan can be adjusted according to the detected air quality of the polluted building space, so that the treatment air volume is changed, the air flow treatment effect is ensured, the treatment effect is not influenced by overlarge treatment air flow, the treatment air volume can be increased at proper time, and the ventilation efficiency is improved.
8. The system is provided with an air quality monitoring device and a building space negative pressure monitoring device, so that the air quality and the negative pressure condition in the polluted building space can be monitored in real time, equipment in the system is adjusted, the negative pressure in the polluted building space is ensured, and toxic and harmful gases are prevented from leaking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the underground high pollution air exhaust disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a right side view of a cross section of a temperature stratification flow guiding device in an embodiment of the underground space high pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a layered temperature diversion device in an embodiment of the highly polluted exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system for underground space of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top cut-away view of a layered temperature diversion device in an embodiment of the highly polluted exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system for underground space of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of a cross section of an upper layer high temperature air duct of a temperature stratification flow guiding device in an embodiment of the underground space high pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of an upper high temperature air duct of a temperature stratification flow guiding device in an embodiment of the underground space high pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top sectional view of an upper high temperature air duct of a temperature stratification flow guiding device in an embodiment of the underground space high pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of a cross section of a lower layer low temperature air guiding pipe of a temperature stratification guiding device in an embodiment of the underground space high pollution air exhausting, disinfecting, purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of a lower layer low temperature air guiding pipe of a temperature layered air guiding device in an embodiment of the underground space high pollution air exhausting, disinfecting, purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top sectional view of a lower layer low temperature air guiding pipe of the layered temperature air guiding device in an embodiment of the underground high pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention.
In the figure, a contaminated building space a; a non-contaminated area B; negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the polluted area; an air port 3 with a primary filter; a high-resistance ventilation duct 4 with a heat-insulating layer; a current heating disinfection device first electrode contact 5; a current heating disinfection device second electrode contact 6; an electric backflow prevention valve 7; an electric pressure measuring and relieving valve 8; an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9; a high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10; a chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration sterilizing water tank 11; a microporous aerator 12; a high temperature electrical heating section 13; a high temperature water heating section 14; an air compressor 20; a compressed air storage tank 21; a combustor 22; a gas-fired hot water boiler 23; a hot water pipe 24; a high-temperature decontamination water tank 25; an air quality monitoring device 26; building space negative pressure monitoring devices 28; a temperature control module 29; a square wind pipe 30; a chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer 31; a temperature stratification flow guide device 32; an upper high-temperature air duct 32-1; a lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2; the oblique section 32-2-1; a central compression air duct 32-3; a first flue gas waste heat coil 33; a second flue gas waste heat coil 34; a humidifying pump 35.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the underground space high pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovery system of the present invention comprises a pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2, at least one end of the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 is connected with an air port 3 with a primary filter, any position on the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with an inlet end of a high resistance area heat insulation insulating layer ventilation pipe 4, an outlet end of the high resistance area heat insulation insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 is connected to an inlet end of an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 through an electric backflow prevention valve 7, and an outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 is connected to an air suction port of a high efficiency variable frequency fan 10; both ends of the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation duct 4 are electrically connected to a power supply. In the figure 1, the two ends of the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area are connected with air ports 3 with primary filters, the middle pipe wall of the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area is communicated with the inlet end of the ventilation pipe 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer, and the joint is sealed to prevent gas leakage, so that a closed airflow passage is formed between the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area and the ventilation pipe 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer.
The negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area is arranged at the high position of the pollution area, and air polluted by virus is discharged into the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area from the air port 3 with the primary filter and then enters the ventilation pipe 4 with the high resistance and the heat insulation layer. A building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 is arranged in the polluted building space A, and the building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 comprises a second controller and a gas pressure sensor; the second controller is pre-stored with a preset air pressure, and is adapted to adjust the rotation speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 according to the comparison result between the real-time detection value of the air pressure sensor and the preset air pressure value, so as to maintain the air pressure in the polluted building space a within the preset air pressure range. When the building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 monitors that the negative pressure in the polluted building space a does not reach the standard, that is, is higher than the preset air pressure value, the rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 is increased, the air discharge amount is increased, the negative pressure in the polluted building space a is maintained, and the air in the polluted building space a is prevented from leaking. The negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 and the ventilation pipe 4 with the high resistance and the heat insulation layer in the pollution area keep the negative pressure in the pipe under the action of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10. The tuyere 3 with the primary filter is a tuyere provided with a primary filter or a filter screen. The high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer is made of an austenite stainless steel pipe or other metal materials with high resistance, and the heat-insulating layer is wrapped outside the ventilating duct to prevent electric leakage and reduce heat loss during power-on. The two ends of the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer ventilation pipeline 4 are respectively connected with a first electrode contact 5 and a second electrode contact 6 of the current heating disinfection device, a live wire and a zero wire of a power supply of 380V or more are connected on the two electrodes to form a conductive path with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer ventilation pipeline 4, and the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer ventilation pipeline 4 generates heat and the temperature rises during electrification. The first electrode contact 5 and the second electrode contact 6 of the current heating and disinfecting device are copper wiring terminals with protective covers, one end of each wiring terminal is connected with the ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer, and the other end of each wiring terminal is connected with a power supply. The ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer is provided with a temperature control module 29, and the temperature control module 29 comprises a first controller and a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer; the first controller is pre-stored with a preset temperature, and is suitable for controlling the on-off of the power supply according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the temperature sensor and the preset value, so as to maintain the temperature of the high-resistance heat-insulating-layer ventilation pipe 4 within the preset temperature range. The ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer generates heat after being electrified, the temperature of the inner wall is raised to be more than 60 ℃, and the temperature of 60-100 ℃ is continuously kept for 30 minutes under the control of the temperature control module 29, so that the high-temperature killing of the viruses adsorbed on the surface of the ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer can be realized. The electric backflow preventing valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline 4 with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating pipe 9. When the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 is suddenly stopped in the high-speed operation process, the airflow pressure of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 fluctuates, which may cause the airflow to flow backwards instantly and flow back into the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilation pipe 4 from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, so that the positive air pressure in the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilation pipe 4 relative to the non-contaminated building space is formed instantly, which easily causes toxic and harmful substances such as viruses in the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilation pipe 4 to diffuse out of the pipe from the inside of the pipe, thereby causing the contamination of the non-contaminated area B. Therefore, the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating duct 9, and the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is closed in a linkage manner when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 stops, so that backflow is effectively prevented. In addition, an electric pressure-measuring pressure-releasing valve 8 is connected to the vicinity of the joint of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 and the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, and when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 and there is a risk that airflow flows backwards into the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe 4, the electric pressure-measuring pressure-releasing valve 8 is opened to release the pressure, so that the airflow is prevented from flowing backwards.
In an embodiment of the underground space highly polluted air exhausting, disinfecting, purifying and heat recovering system of the present invention, the air outlet of the high efficiency variable frequency fan 10 is connected to the air inlet of the micro-porous aerator 12 in the chlorine-containing disinfection solution aeration disinfecting water tank 11, the micro-porous aerator 12 has a plurality of air outlet micro-porous air, the air flow discharged from each air outlet micro-porous forms small air bubbles to enter the chlorine-containing disinfection solution aeration disinfecting water tank 11, the small air bubbles are in sufficient contact with the chlorine-containing disinfection solution, so that at least a part of the virus aerosol particles in the air bubbles are absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfection solution, other parts of the virus aerosol particles are combined with the disinfectant volatilized by the chlorine-containing disinfection solution, and part of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the air flow are absorbed, and the viruses are disinfected after contacting with the chlorine-containing disinfectant, thereby. In the space at the upper part in the water tank 11 for disinfecting and aerating the chlorine-containing disinfectant, the volatilized chlorine-containing disinfectant is filled because the disinfectant naturally volatilizes, and small bubbles burst when floating to the space at the upper part in the water tank 11 for disinfecting and aerating the chlorine-containing disinfectant. The aerosol with virus in the air flow further contacts with the volatile gas (i.e. disinfectant vapor) of the chlorine-containing disinfectant filled in the upper space, and further kills the virus in the air flow.
In an embodiment of the underground space highly polluted air exhausting, disinfecting, purifying and heat recovering system of the present invention, the exhaust port of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfecting and water killing tank 11 is connected to the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer 31, the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer 31 is connected to the humidifying pump 35, the humidifying pump 35 makes the chlorine-containing disinfectant flow out from the upper part of the wet film humidifier of the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer 31, and slowly flow down along the surface of the wet film to infiltrate the whole wet film; the wet film humidifying disinfector 31 of the chlorine-containing disinfectant is sealed in the square air pipe 30. When the air flow passes through the wet film, the chlorine-containing disinfection liquid on the wet film is accelerated to volatilize and then enters the air flow to kill residual viruses in the air flow. Meanwhile, part of VOC in the air flow is absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfection solution on the wet film. The humidifying pump 35 can be a small flow variable frequency pump with a pump body and blades made of plastic materials.
In an embodiment of the underground space highly polluted air exhausting, disinfecting, purifying and heat recovering system of the present invention, a high temperature electric heating section 13 is disposed in the square air duct 30 and adjacent to the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying and disinfecting device 31, and an air flow electric heater is disposed in the high temperature electric heating section 13 and adapted to heat an air flow to above 65 ℃. After the airflow is heated, the relative humidity is greatly reduced. And at high temperature, the tiny droplets of the chlorine-containing disinfection solution in the air flow are further heated and gasified. In addition, the relative humidity of the airflow is greatly reduced, so that the next filtering treatment is facilitated. Meanwhile, because the survival time of the virus is obviously shortened at the high temperature of more than 65 ℃, the risk of virus remaining in the air flow is further reduced after the virus is heated by the high-temperature electric heating section 13. Moreover, the surface temperature of the electric heating rod of the airflow electric heater in the high-temperature electric heating section 13 can reach hundreds of degrees centigrade, and the electric heating rod has instant disinfection and killing effects on viruses in the airflow directly contacting with the electric heating rod.
In an embodiment of the underground space high-pollution air exhaust, sterilization, purification and heat recovery system of the present invention, a high-temperature water heating section 14 is disposed in the square air duct 30, which is adjacent to the high-temperature electric heating section 13, and high-temperature water coils are disposed in the high-temperature water heating section 14 and are arranged in a staggered manner, and two ports of the high-temperature water coils are respectively communicated to two hot water pipes 24 to form a hot water circulation pipeline. The high temperature water heating section 14 further heats the airflow from the high temperature electric heating section 13, and can further raise the temperature of the airflow to 75 ℃. The water inlet temperature of the high-temperature water heating section 14 can reach 95 ℃, and the water outlet temperature is 85 ℃. When the air current passes through the high-temperature water heating section 14, the surface area of the dense high-temperature water coil pipe is large, the area contacting with the air current is large, the air current is sufficiently heated, the condition that the temperature in the air current is uneven can be avoided (for example, the section size of the square air pipe 30 is large, after the square air pipe is electrically heated, the condition that the air current at the upper part of the square air pipe 30 exceeds 70 ℃ and the air current at the lower part just reaches 70 ℃) can be avoided, and the risk of residual viruses in the air current is further reduced.
In an embodiment of the underground space high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing, purifying and heat recovering system of the present invention, a temperature stratification flow guiding device 32 is disposed in the square duct 30 between the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and the high-temperature water heating section 14. As shown in fig. 2-10, arrows indicate the flowing direction of the air flow, and the temperature stratification air guiding device 32 includes an upper-layer high-temperature air guiding pipe 32-1, a lower-layer low-temperature air guiding pipe 32-2 and a central compressed air duct 32-3; the lower-layer low-temperature airflow flows out from the upper part after entering the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2, and the upper-layer high-temperature airflow flows out from the lower part after passing through the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1, so that the upper-layer airflow and the lower-layer airflow enter the high-temperature water heating section 14 for heating after the upper-layer airflow and the lower-layer airflow are internally replaced in the temperature layering flow guide device 32, and the condition that the temperature of the lower-layer airflow does not reach the standard due to temperature.
The air flow in the center of the air channel is separated and compressed by the inclined sections 32-2-1 of the upper high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 to form a vortex, then the vortex enters the narrow central compressed air channel 32-3, the air speed is increased, the vortex is further intensified, the vortex can intensify the heat exchange of the air flow in the center of the air channel with the upper high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 through the wall surfaces of the air guide pipes, and the temperatures of the lower air flow, the upper air flow and the central air flow in the air channel are closer. And, the heat exchange effect is better when the air current with the vortex flows to the high temperature water heating section 14 than the laminar flow effect.
Due to the installation process problem, gaps inevitably exist between the heating devices in the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and the high-temperature water heating section 14 and the square air pipe 30. The air is a fluid with a certain viscosity, and has a wall-attached airflow attached to the wall surface at a position where the air contacts with the inner wall of the square duct 30, and the wall-attached airflow has a low flow rate and is easy to pass through a gap between the heating device and the square duct 30. This allows the coanda airflow to easily pass from the slot to the next treatment section without being treated by the heating means. This is unacceptable in systems that handle high risk viruses. Wall attaching airflow at the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the reduced section of the air duct and then guided to a high position at the lower part through the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2, wall attaching airflow at the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated by the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and then guided to a low position at the lower part, and wall attaching airflow at two sides enters the central compressed air duct 32-3 after being blocked and compressed by the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and the inclined section 32-2-1 of the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2. In this way, the coanda airflow of the four walls of the square air pipe 30 is guided and compressed to form airflow without coanda airflow and then is sent to the downstream, and the condition that the coanda airflow passes through the gap between the heating device and the square air pipe 30 and is not effectively sterilized is avoided.
Because the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1, the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 and the central compressed air duct 32-3 are all provided with the structure that the cross sections of the air ducts are suddenly reduced, the air flow passing through the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1, the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 and the central compressed air duct 32-3 can be compressed and accelerated and then is ejected out from the minimum cross section at a high speed, and therefore wall-attached air flow is eliminated. When the high-speed airflow is sprayed to the high-temperature water heating section 14 of the densely-distributed coil pipe, a strong vortex is formed, and the heat exchange effect is enhanced. The temperature stratification guide device 32 eliminates the coanda airflow of all four walls of the square duct 30, and has great significance in preventing the coanda airflow and viruses possibly existing in the coanda airflow from entering the next section through gaps.
In an embodiment of the underground space high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing, purifying and heat recycling system of the present invention, the outlet end of the high-temperature water heating section 14 is connected to the inlet end of an air compressor 20, the outlet end of the air compressor 20 is connected to the inlet of a compressed air storage tank 21, the outlet of the compressed air storage tank 21 is connected to a burner 22, the burner 22 is connected to a gas-fired hot water boiler 23, the water inlet and the water outlet of the gas-fired hot water boiler 23 are respectively communicated to two hot water pipes 24, one end of each of the two hot water pipes 24 is connected to the high-temperature water heating section 14, and the other end is connected to a high-temperature decontamination water tank; the compressed air storage tank 21 is internally provided with a first flue gas waste heat coil pipe 33, the high-temperature decontamination water tank 25 is internally provided with a second flue gas waste heat coil pipe 34, a flue gas outlet of the gas-fired hot water boiler 23 is communicated to the first flue gas waste heat coil pipe 33, and the first flue gas waste heat coil pipe 33 is communicated to the second flue gas waste heat coil pipe 34.
The air compressor completely collects and compresses the airflow passing through the high-temperature water heating section 14, and does not directly discharge any gas to the atmosphere, so that the risk of virus leakage to the outside through aerosol in the airflow is greatly reduced again.
The air flow collected by compression of the air compressor 20 is stored in the compressed air storage tank 21 for standby. The gas-fired hot water boiler 23 may provide bath hot water for a nearby hotel, dormitory or resident, and also provide the high-temperature decontamination water tank 25 with decontamination water and heating circulating water for the high-temperature water heating section 14. The gas-fired hot water boiler 23 is provided with a burner 22, and the burner 22 does not directly take air from the atmosphere for combustion, but introduces compressed air from the compressed air storage tank 21 to mix with gas and then burns, thereby heating the gas-fired hot water boiler 23. The compressed air in the compressed air storage tank 21 enters the combustor 22 to be mixed with the fuel gas and then combusted, the oxygen in the compressed air is consumed, the temperature of the residual nitrogen and the possible residual toxic and harmful gas is instantly raised to 900-1100 ℃ in the hearth, wherein the virus possibly contained with extremely low probability is instantly changed into ash at the high temperature of the hearth and cannot survive, and then the gas in the hearth forms the flue gas of the fuel gas boiler and is discharged out of the boiler to enter the first flue gas waste heat coil 33. The heat exchange is carried out with the compressed air in the compressed air storage tank 21 to first flue gas waste heat coil pipe 33, promotes compressed air's temperature, further reduces the probability that the virus survives in the compressed air storage tank 21, and improves the compressed air's that gets into combustor 22 temperature, is favorable to promoting combustor 22's combustion efficiency, practices thrift the gas quantity, and is energy-concerving and environment-protective.
The second flue gas waste heat coil pipe 34 is arranged in the high-temperature decontamination water tank 25, flue gas (the temperature can reach more than 100 ℃) subjected to heat exchange through the first flue gas waste heat coil pipe 33 is led into the second flue gas waste heat coil pipe 34 in the high-temperature decontamination water tank 25 to exchange heat with high-temperature water, the temperature of the high-temperature water in the high-temperature decontamination water tank 25 is kept, heat in the flue gas is further recovered, and the high-temperature decontamination water tank is energy-saving and environment-friendly. When the system is out of service and maintained, the hot water in the high-temperature decontamination water tank 25 can be used for washing and maintaining the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration decontamination water tank 11, the microporous aerator 12, the high-temperature electric heating section 13, the high-temperature water heating section 14, the temperature layering flow guide device 32 and the like, so that the pollutant residue in each section is avoided.
In an embodiment of the underground space high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing, purifying and heat recycling system of the present invention, an air quality monitoring device 26 is disposed in the polluted building space a, the air quality monitoring device 26 includes a third controller and an air quality sensor, and an air quality parameter preset value is prestored in the third controller, which is suitable for opening and closing the electric backflow prevention valve 7, the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10, the humidifying pump 35, the air compressor 20, the burner 22, and the like to perform sterilizing or stop sterilizing work according to a comparison result between a real-time detection value of the air quality sensor and the air quality parameter preset value.
The embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing and purifying and heat recovering method for the underground space comprises the following steps of: (1) monitoring the air quality in the building space polluted by the virus in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, conducting the air in the building space polluted by the virus to an outdoor square air pipe 30 through a negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in a polluted area, a ventilation pipe 4 with a high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer and an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 in sequence, and electrifying and heating the ventilation pipe 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer to kill the virus attached to the pipe wall at high temperature; arranging a high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 in the square air pipe 30, and connecting the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 to an air suction port of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 to generate negative pressure on a drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating duct 9, and when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 is stopped, the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is automatically closed so as to effectively prevent airflow from flowing backwards into the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating duct 9; an electric pressure measuring and relieving valve 8 is connected to the vicinity of the connection part of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 and the high-resistance heat insulation insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, the electric pressure measuring and relieving valve 8 is opened for pressure relief, and airflow is prevented from flowing backwards into the high-resistance heat insulation insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9; (2) at least one of the following disinfecting and killing treatment modes is carried out on the air flow flowing through the square air pipe 30: aerating and disinfecting chlorine-containing disinfectant, humidifying and disinfecting the chlorine-containing disinfectant by a wet film, heating and disinfecting by high-temperature electricity and heating and disinfecting by high-temperature water; the air flow after the sterilization treatment is compressed and stored in a compressed air storage tank 21, the compressed air in the compressed air storage tank 21 enters a combustor 22 for heating a gas-fired hot water boiler 23, and the air is completely sterilized and changed into flue gas in the combustion process; (3) hot water in the gas-fired hot water boiler 23 is circularly used for heating and killing high-temperature water on one hand, and is circularly supplied to a high-temperature decontamination water tank 25 for decontamination of various killing equipment on the other hand; set up flue gas waste heat coil pipe in compressed air storage tank 21 and high temperature decontamination water tank 25 respectively, gas boiler 23 exhaust flue gas passes through two in proper order discharge behind the flue gas waste heat coil pipe, retrieve the waste heat and be used for promoting compressed air's in the compressed air storage tank 21 temperature in order to improve combustion efficiency and keep the temperature in the high temperature decontamination water tank 25. The specific implementation of the multiple heating sterilization by air exhaust and aeration is described in the above embodiments of the system of the present invention, and will not be described herein again.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles of the invention, its essential features and advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The underground space high-pollution air exhaust disinfecting, sterilizing, purifying and heat recovery system is characterized by comprising a pollution area negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (2), wherein at least one end of the pollution area negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (2) is connected with an air port (3) with a primary filter, any position on the pollution area negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with the inlet end of a high-resistance area heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe (4), the outlet end of the high-resistance area heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe (4) is connected to the inlet end of an outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) through an electric backflow prevention valve (7), and the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) is connected to an air suction port of a high-efficiency; the two ends of the high-resistance ventilation pipeline (4) with the heat-insulating layer are electrically connected to a power supply.
2. The underground space high-pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovering system according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust port of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan (10) is connected to the air inlet of a microporous aerator (12) in a chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfecting water tank (11), the microporous aerator (12) is provided with a plurality of outlet microporous gases, the air flow discharged from each outlet microporous forms small air bubbles to enter the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfecting water tank (11), and the small air bubbles are in sufficient contact with the chlorine-containing disinfectant to enable at least a part of the virus aerosol particles in the air bubbles to be absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfectant.
3. The underground space highly polluted air exhausting, disinfecting, purifying and heat recovering system according to claim 2, wherein the air outlet of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfecting water tank (11) is connected to a chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31), the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31) is connected to a humidifying pump (35), the humidifying pump (35) makes the chlorine-containing disinfectant flow out from the upper part of the wet film humidifier of the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31) and slowly flow down along the surface of the wet film to infiltrate the whole wet film; the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31) is sealed in the square air pipe (30).
4. The underground space high-pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovering system according to claim 3, wherein a high-temperature electric heating section (13) is arranged in the square air pipe (30) and is close to the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying and disinfecting device (31), and an air flow electric heater is arranged in the high-temperature electric heating section (13) and is suitable for heating air flow to be higher than 65 ℃.
5. The underground space high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing, purifying and heat recovering system according to claim 4, wherein a high-temperature water heating section (14) is arranged in the square air pipe (30) and is close to the high-temperature electric heating section (13), high-temperature water coil pipes which are arranged in a staggered mode are arranged in the high-temperature water heating section (14), and two ports of each high-temperature water coil pipe are respectively communicated to two hot water pipes (24) to form a hot water circulating pipeline.
6. The underground space high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing, purifying and heat recovering system according to claim 5, wherein a temperature layering flow guide device (32) is arranged in the square air pipe (30) between the high-temperature electric heating section (13) and the high-temperature water heating section (14); the temperature layering flow guide device (32) is used for realizing position replacement of upper and lower layers of airflow so as to eliminate wall-attached airflow and strengthen heat exchange, and the effect of killing is prevented from being influenced by that part of the airflow is not heated.
7. The high-pollution exhaust air disinfecting and purifying and heat recovering system for underground space according to claim 6, wherein the temperature layered flow guide device (32) comprises an upper high-temperature air guide pipe (32-1), a lower low-temperature air guide pipe (32-2) and a central compressed air duct (32-3); wall attaching air flow at the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe (32-2) through the reduction of the section of the air duct and then guided to a downstream high position, the wall attaching air flow at the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated by the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe (32-1) and then guided to a downstream low position, and the wall attaching air flow at two sides is blocked and compressed by the inclined sections (32-2-1) of the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe (32-1) and the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe (32-2) and then enters the central compressed air duct (32-3), so that the wall attaching air flow is eliminated and the heat.
8. The underground space high-pollution air exhaust, killing, purifying and heat recovery system according to claim 5, wherein the air outlet end of the high-temperature water heating section (14) is connected to the air inlet end of an air compressor (20), the air outlet end of the air compressor (20) is connected to the air inlet of a compressed air storage tank (21), the air outlet of the compressed air storage tank (21) is connected to a burner (22), the burner (22) is connected to a gas-fired hot water boiler (23), the water inlet and the water outlet of the gas-fired hot water boiler (23) are respectively communicated to two hot water pipes (24), one end of each hot water pipe (24) is connected to the high-temperature water heating section (14), and the other end of each hot water pipe is connected to a high-temperature decontamination water tank (25.
9. The underground space high-pollution exhaust killing, purifying and heat recovery system according to claim 8, wherein a first flue gas waste heat coil (33) is arranged in the compressed air storage tank (21), a second flue gas waste heat coil (34) is arranged in the high-temperature decontamination water tank (25), a flue gas outlet of the gas-fired hot water boiler (23) is communicated to the first flue gas waste heat coil (33), and the first flue gas waste heat coil (33) is communicated to the second flue gas waste heat coil (34).
10. The method for high-pollution exhaust air sterilization, purification and heat recovery in the underground space is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) monitoring the air quality in the building space polluted by the viruses in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, conducting the air in the building space polluted by the viruses to an outdoor air pipe (30) through a negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (2) in a polluted area, a ventilation pipe (4) with a high-resistance heat-insulating layer and an outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) in sequence, and electrifying and heating the ventilation pipe (4) with the high-resistance heat-insulating layer to kill viruses attached to the pipe wall at high temperature; arranging a high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10) in the square air pipe (30), and connecting the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) to an air suction port of the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10) to generate negative pressure on a drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve (7) is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilation pipeline (4) with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipeline (9), and when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10) is stopped, the electric backflow prevention valve (7) is automatically closed so as to effectively prevent airflow from flowing back into the high-resistance ventilation pipeline (4) with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipeline (9); an electric pressure measuring and relieving valve (8) is connected to the position, close to the connection position of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) and the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer-band ventilation pipe (4), and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9), when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9), the electric pressure measuring and relieving valve (8) is opened for pressure relief, and airflow is prevented from flowing back into the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer-band ventilation pipe (4) from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9);
(2) at least one of the following disinfection and killing treatment modes is carried out on the air flow flowing through the square air pipe (30): aerating and disinfecting chlorine-containing disinfectant, humidifying and disinfecting the chlorine-containing disinfectant by a wet film, heating and disinfecting by high-temperature electricity and heating and disinfecting by high-temperature water; the air flow after the sterilization treatment is compressed and then stored in a compressed air storage tank (21), the compressed air in the compressed air storage tank (21) enters a burner (22) for heating a gas-fired hot water boiler (23), and the air is completely sterilized in the combustion process and then becomes smoke;
(3) hot water in the gas-fired hot water boiler (23) is circularly used for heating and killing high-temperature water on one hand, and is circularly supplied to a high-temperature decontamination water tank (25) for decontamination of each disinfection device on the other hand; set up flue gas waste heat coil pipe in compressed air storage tank (21) and high temperature decontamination water tank (25) respectively, gas boiler (23) exhaust flue gas passes through two in proper order discharge behind the flue gas waste heat coil pipe, retrieve the waste heat and be used for promoting compressed air's in compressed air storage tank (21) temperature in order to improve combustion efficiency and keep the temperature in high temperature decontamination water tank (25).
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