CN111895551A - High-pollution exhaust multiple disinfection and killing system and method - Google Patents
High-pollution exhaust multiple disinfection and killing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111895551A CN111895551A CN202010911304.9A CN202010911304A CN111895551A CN 111895551 A CN111895551 A CN 111895551A CN 202010911304 A CN202010911304 A CN 202010911304A CN 111895551 A CN111895551 A CN 111895551A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/16—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
- A61L9/02—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air by heating or combustion
- A61L9/03—Apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
- F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2209/11—Apparatus for controlling air treatment
- A61L2209/111—Sensor means, e.g. motion, brightness, scent, contaminant sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/20—Method-related aspects
- A61L2209/21—Use of chemical compounds for treating air or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system and a method, wherein the system comprises a negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe in a pollution area, any position on the negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with the inlet end of a ventilation pipe with a high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer, the outlet end of the ventilation pipe with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer is connected to the inlet end of an outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe through an electric backflow prevention valve, and the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected to an air suction opening of a high-; and a plurality of virus killing devices are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the variable-efficiency variable-frequency fan. The invention firstly carries out high-temperature sterilization on air possibly containing viruses in the highly polluted building space through the electric heating pipeline, and then leads the air after the high-temperature sterilization to the outdoor various virus sterilization devices through the negative pressure pipeline to carry out diversified and thorough sterilization on the introduced air, thereby thoroughly eliminating the viruses in the air of the highly polluted building space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system and method, and belongs to the field of indoor environment treatment.
Background
In 2020, new coronavirus has abused worldwide, and a large number of people infected with virus have moved about to be killed, so as to avoid further spreading of virus. Viruses are extremely prone to survive in cold, humid environments for long periods of time, particularly in tight underground spaces or above-ground spaces where external windows cannot be opened. How to ventilate the airtight building space and avoid secondary pollution caused by virus leakage becomes a difficult problem to be solved in the industry.
For example, in an underground trading hall of a certain wholesale market, after merchants infected with viruses are emergently evacuated, the underground trading hall becomes a high-risk area, the space of the underground trading hall is closed, a large amount of meat left behind is rotten and deteriorated in high-temperature weather, the rotten air has complex components and high concentration, and the possibility of viruses and methane is not eliminated. Meanwhile, the secondary pollution caused by the leakage of the virus is worried about, the air conditioner and the exhaust system of the underground trading hall are in a stop state, and people directly enter the underground trading hall to kill the virus with high difficulty and high danger. How to ventilate the closed space in the shortest time to remove viruses and polluted gas creates relatively safe working conditions for the entrance of the disinfection personnel, and becomes the urgent priority of the war.
Research shows that the virus can be transmitted in the form of aerosol, the diameter of the new coronavirus is 60-220 nm, the survival ability in a humid low-temperature environment is extremely strong, the difficulty is high and the cost is high when the new coronavirus is completely filtered by the conventional high-efficiency filter, the new coronavirus cannot be killed, and incomplete filtration or secondary transmission is easily caused. In addition, the air duct in the uncontaminated area before the filter is polluted by virus, and an effective disinfection means is also lacked.
In view of this, it is necessary to develop a high pollution exhaust multiple disinfection system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system and a method, air possibly containing viruses in a polluted building space is subjected to high-temperature killing through an electric heating pipeline, the air subjected to high-temperature killing is guided to an outdoor closed air pipe through a negative pressure pipeline, and various virus killing devices are sequentially distributed in the closed air pipe to carry out diversified killing on the introduced air, so that the viruses in the air of the high-pollution building space can be thoroughly eliminated.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system, including a pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe, at least one end of the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected with an air port with a primary filter, any position on the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with an inlet end of a high-resistance heat insulation insulating layer ventilation pipe, an outlet end of the high-resistance heat insulation insulating layer ventilation pipe is connected to an inlet end of an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe through an electric backflow prevention valve, and an outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected to an air extraction opening of a high-efficiency variable; and two ends of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline with the heat-insulating layer are electrically connected to a power supply.
Furthermore, the high-efficiency frequency conversion fan is sealed in the square air pipe, a high-temperature electric heating section is arranged in the square air pipe and is close to the high-efficiency frequency conversion fan, an airflow electric heater is arranged in the high-temperature electric heating section, and the airflow electric heater is suitable for heating airflow to be higher than 65 ℃.
Furthermore, a high-temperature water heating section is arranged in the square air pipe and is close to the high-temperature electric heating section, high-temperature water coil pipes which are distributed in a staggered mode are arranged in the high-temperature water heating section, and two ports of each high-temperature water coil pipe are communicated to two hot water pipes respectively to form a hot water circulation pipeline.
Furthermore, a temperature layering flow guide device is arranged between the high-temperature electric heating section and the high-temperature water heating section in the square air pipe; the temperature layering flow guide device is used for realizing position replacement of upper and lower layers of airflow so as to eliminate wall-attached airflow and strengthen heat exchange, and prevent part of airflow from being heated to influence the killing effect.
Furthermore, the temperature layering flow guide device comprises an upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe, a lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe and a central compression air duct; wall attaching air flow at the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe through the reduced section of the air duct and then guided to a downstream high position, the wall attaching air flow at the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated by the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe and then guided to a downstream low position, and the wall attaching air flow at two sides enters a central compressed air duct after being blocked and compressed by the inclined sections of the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe and the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe, so that the wall attaching air flow is eliminated and the heat exchange is.
Furthermore, an electric backflow prevention valve is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilation pipeline with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipeline, and the electric backflow prevention valve is suitable for being closed in a linkage manner when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan is shut down so as to effectively prevent airflow from flowing backwards into the high-resistance ventilation pipeline with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipeline.
Further, on the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe with near the junction of high resistance area thermal insulation insulating layer air pipe is connected with electronic pressure measurement relief valve for measure the atmospheric pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe, when positive pressure appears in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe, electronic pressure measurement relief valve is opened and is carried out the pressure release, prevents that the air current from following outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe flows into high resistance area thermal insulation insulating layer air pipe backward.
Furthermore, a temperature control module is arranged on the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilating duct and comprises a first controller and a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilating duct; the first controller is internally pre-stored with preset temperature, and is suitable for controlling the on-off of the power supply according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the temperature sensor and the preset temperature value so as to maintain the temperature of the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer ventilation pipeline within the preset temperature range.
Further, a building space negative pressure monitoring device is arranged in the polluted building space, and comprises a second controller and an air pressure sensor; the second controller is pre-stored with preset air pressure and is suitable for adjusting the rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the air pressure sensor and the preset air pressure value so as to maintain the air pressure in the polluted building space within the preset air pressure range.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a high-pollution exhaust multiple-killing method, which comprises the following steps: monitoring the air quality in the building space polluted by the virus in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, conducting the air in the building space polluted by the virus to an outdoor square air pipe through a negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe in a polluted area, a ventilation pipe with a high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer and an outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe in sequence, and electrifying and heating the ventilation pipe with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer to kill viruses attached to the pipe wall at high temperature; arranging a high-efficiency variable-frequency fan in the square air pipe, and connecting the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe to an air suction port of the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan to generate negative pressure on the drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating pipeline, and when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan is stopped, the electric backflow prevention valve is automatically closed so as to effectively prevent airflow from flowing backwards from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating pipeline into the high-resistance ventilating pipeline with the heat-insulating layer; an electric pressure-measuring relief valve is connected to the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe near the connection part of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe and the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer-band ventilation pipe and used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe, and when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe, the electric pressure-measuring relief valve is opened for pressure relief, so that air flow is prevented from flowing backwards from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe into the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer-band; at least one of the following disinfection and killing treatment modes is carried out on the air flow flowing through the square air pipe: high-temperature electric heating sterilization and high-temperature water heating sterilization.
Through the technical scheme, the invention can at least realize the following beneficial effects:
1. the air pipe in the non-polluted area can be sterilized. The air pipe in the uncontaminated area can be sterilized and killed by the high-resistance ventilating pipe with the heat-insulating layer, the first electrode contact of the current heating and sterilizing device and the second electrode contact of the current heating and sterilizing device. Specifically, an alternating current power supply in a building is respectively connected with a first electrode contact of the current heating and disinfecting device and a second electrode contact of the current heating and disinfecting device to form a power-on loop with the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilating duct, the temperature of the heating inner wall of the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilating duct is increased to be above 60 ℃ after the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilating duct is powered on, and the temperature of 60-100 ℃ is continuously kept for 30 minutes under the control of the temperature control module, so that high-temperature killing of viruses adsorbed on the surface of the high-resistance heat-insulation.
2. Is provided with a high-temperature electric heating section. Related studies indicate that viruses are difficult to survive in high temperature environments. The invention is provided with a high-temperature electric heating section which can heat the air flow, the temperature of the surface of an electric heating rod of the air flow electric heater in the high-temperature electric heating section can reach hundreds of ℃, viruses in the air flow directly contacted with the high-temperature electric heating section can be killed instantly, and the integral temperature of the air flow is heated to be more than 65 ℃. After the air flow is heated, the relative humidity is greatly reduced, and the chlorine-containing disinfection liquid drops in the air flow are further volatilized and gasified at high temperature. The relative humidity of the airflow is greatly reduced, so that the subsequent filtration treatment is facilitated. In addition, because the survival time of the virus is obviously shortened at the high temperature of more than 65 ℃, the risk of the virus remaining in the airflow is further reduced after the virus is heated by the high-temperature electric heating section.
3. A temperature layering flow guide device is arranged. The lower-layer low-temperature airflow enters the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe and then flows out of the temperature layering flow guide device from the upper part, and the upper-layer high-temperature airflow passes through the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe and then flows out of the temperature layering flow guide device from the lower part, so that the upper-layer airflow and the lower-layer airflow enter the high-temperature water heating section for heating after the upper-layer airflow and the lower-layer airflow are internally replaced and transposed in the temperature layering flow guide device, and the condition that the temperature of. In addition, the air current at wind channel center receives the separation of the slant section of upper high temperature guide duct and lower floor's low temperature guide duct, after the compression, form the vortex, later get into narrow and small central compression wind channel, the wind speed improves, further aggravate the vortex, the vortex of air current can aggravate the air current at wind channel center and pass through the heat transfer of guide duct wall and upper high temperature guide duct and lower floor's low temperature guide duct for the air current of lower floor in the wind channel, the temperature of upper air current and central air current is closer. And, the heat transfer effect is better when the air current that has the vortex flows to high temperature water heating section than the laminar flow effect. Due to the problem of the installation process, a gap is inevitably formed between the heating device and the square air pipe. The air is a fluid and has certain viscosity, and the air has wall attaching airflow attached to the wall surface of the air pipe at the position contacted with the wall surface of the air pipe, and the wall attaching airflow has low flow rate and is easy to pass through a gap between the heating device and the wall surface of the square air pipe. This allows the coanda airflow to easily pass from the slot to the next treatment section without being treated by the heating means. This is unacceptable in systems that handle high risk viruses. The lower part of the air duct is compressed by the lower layer low-temperature air guide pipe through the reduction of the section of the air duct and then guided to the high position of the lower reaches, the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated by the upper layer high-temperature air guide pipe and then guided to the low position of the lower reaches, and the wall-attached air flows at two sides enter the central compression air duct after being blocked and compressed by the inclined sections of the upper layer high-temperature air guide pipe and the lower layer low-temperature air guide pipe. Therefore, the wall attaching air flows on the four sides of the square air pipe are guided and compressed to form air flows without wall attaching air flows and then are sent to the downstream, and the condition that the wall attaching air flows pass through gaps between the heating device and the square air pipe and are not effectively disinfected is avoided. Because the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe, the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe and the central compression air channel are all provided with the structure that the cross sections of the air pipes are suddenly reduced, the air flow flowing through the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe, the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe and the central compression air channel can be compressed and accelerated and then is sprayed out at a high speed from the minimum cross section, and therefore the wall attachment air flow is eliminated. When the high-speed airflow is sprayed to the high-temperature water heating section of the densely distributed coil pipes, serious eddy can be formed due to the obstruction of the coil pipes in staggered arrangement, and the heat exchange effect is enhanced.
4. The high-temperature water heating section is matched with the temperature layering flow guide device to effectively supplement the high-temperature electric heating section, so that all air flows are fully heated. Specifically, the high-temperature water heating section further heats the airflow from the high-temperature electric heating section, and the temperature of the airflow can be further increased to 75 ℃. The water inlet temperature of the high-temperature water heating section is 95 ℃, and the water outlet temperature is 85 ℃. When the high-temperature water heating section is passed through, the surface area of the dense high-temperature water coil pipe is very large, the area contacted with the air flow is large, the air flow is sufficiently heated, the condition that the temperature in the air flow is uneven is avoided (for example, the size of the section of the air pipe is very large, after the air pipe is electrically heated, the condition that the air flow at the upper part exceeds 70 ℃ and the air flow at the lower part of the air pipe just reaches 70 ℃) is avoided, and the risk of residual viruses in the air flow is further reduced.
5. Is provided with a high-efficiency variable frequency fan. The rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan can be adjusted according to the detected air quality of the polluted building space, so that the treatment air volume is changed, the air flow treatment effect is ensured, the treatment effect is not influenced by overlarge treatment air flow, the treatment air volume can be increased at proper time, and the ventilation efficiency is improved.
6. The system is provided with an air quality monitoring device and a building space negative pressure monitoring device, so that the air quality and the negative pressure condition in the polluted building space can be monitored in real time, equipment in the system is adjusted, the negative pressure in the polluted building space is ensured, and toxic and harmful gases are prevented from leaking.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the high pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a right side view of a cross section of a temperature stratification flow guiding device in an embodiment of the high pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a layered temperature diversion device in an embodiment of the high pollution exhaust multiple elimination system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top sectional view of a layered temperature diversion device in an embodiment of the high pollution exhaust multiple elimination system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of a cross section of an upper-layer high-temperature air guiding pipe of a temperature stratification guiding device in an embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of an upper-layer high-temperature air guiding pipe of a temperature layered air guiding device in an embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top sectional view of an upper high temperature air duct of a temperature stratification flow guiding device in an embodiment of the high pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of a cross section of a lower-layer low-temperature air guiding pipe of a temperature stratification guiding device in an embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of the lower layer low temperature air guiding pipe of the layered temperature guiding device in an embodiment of the multi-disinfection system for high pollution exhaust air of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a top sectional view of a lower-layer low-temperature air guiding pipe of a temperature layered air guiding device in an embodiment of the highly polluted air exhausting multiple killing system of the present invention.
In the figure, a contaminated building space a; a non-contaminated area B; negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the polluted area; an air port 3 with a primary filter; a high-resistance ventilation duct 4 with a heat-insulating layer; a current heating disinfection device first electrode contact 5; a current heating disinfection device second electrode contact 6; an electric backflow prevention valve 7; an electric pressure measuring and relieving valve 8; an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9; a high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10; a high temperature electrical heating section 13; a high temperature water heating section 14; a hot water pipe 24; an air quality monitoring device 26; building space negative pressure monitoring devices 28; a temperature control module 29; a square wind pipe 30; a temperature stratification flow guide device 32; an upper high-temperature air duct 32-1; a lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2; the oblique section 32-2-1; a central compression tunnel 32-3.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, one embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention comprises a pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2, at least one end of the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 is connected with an air port 3 with a primary filter, any position on the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with an inlet end of a high-resistance ventilation pipe 4 with a thermal insulation insulating layer, an outlet end of the high-resistance ventilation pipe 4 with the thermal insulation insulating layer is connected to an inlet end of an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 through an electric backflow prevention valve 7, and an outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 is connected to an air extraction port of a high-efficiency; both ends of the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation duct 4 are electrically connected to a power supply. In the figure 1, the two ends of the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area are connected with air ports 3 with primary filters, the middle pipe wall of the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area is communicated with the inlet end of the ventilation pipe 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer, and the joint is sealed to prevent gas leakage, so that a closed airflow passage is formed between the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area and the ventilation pipe 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer.
The negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area is arranged at the high position of the pollution area, and air polluted by virus is discharged into the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area from the air port 3 with the primary filter and then enters the ventilation pipe 4 with the high resistance and the heat insulation layer. A building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 is arranged in the polluted building space A, and the building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 comprises a second controller and a gas pressure sensor; the second controller is pre-stored with a preset air pressure, and is adapted to adjust the rotation speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 according to the comparison result between the real-time detection value of the air pressure sensor and the preset air pressure value, so as to maintain the air pressure in the polluted building space a within the preset air pressure range. When the building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 monitors that the negative pressure in the polluted building space a does not reach the standard, that is, is higher than the preset air pressure value, the rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 is increased, the air discharge amount is increased, the negative pressure in the polluted building space a is maintained, and the air in the polluted building space a is prevented from leaking. The negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 and the ventilation pipe 4 with the high resistance and the heat insulation layer in the pollution area keep the negative pressure in the pipe under the action of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10. The tuyere 3 with the primary filter is a tuyere provided with a primary filter or a filter screen. The high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer is made of an austenite stainless steel pipe or other metal materials with high resistance, and the heat-insulating layer is wrapped outside the ventilating duct to prevent electric leakage and reduce heat loss during power-on. The two ends of the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer ventilation pipeline 4 are respectively connected with a first electrode contact 5 and a second electrode contact 6 of the current heating disinfection device, a live wire and a zero wire of a power supply of 380V or more are connected on the two electrodes to form a conductive path with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer ventilation pipeline 4, and the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer ventilation pipeline 4 generates heat and the temperature rises during electrification. The first electrode contact 5 and the second electrode contact 6 of the current heating and disinfecting device are copper wiring terminals with protective covers, one end of each wiring terminal is connected with the ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer, and the other end of each wiring terminal is connected with a power supply. The ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer is provided with a temperature control module 29, and the temperature control module 29 comprises a first controller and a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer; the first controller is pre-stored with a preset temperature, and is suitable for controlling the on-off of the power supply according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the temperature sensor and the preset value, so as to maintain the temperature of the high-resistance heat-insulating-layer ventilation pipe 4 within the preset temperature range. The ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer generates heat after being electrified, the temperature of the inner wall is raised to be more than 60 ℃, and the temperature of 60-100 ℃ is continuously kept for 30 minutes under the control of the temperature control module 29, so that the high-temperature killing of the viruses adsorbed on the surface of the ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer can be realized. The electric backflow preventing valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline 4 with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating pipe 9. When the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 is suddenly stopped in the high-speed operation process, the airflow pressure of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 fluctuates, which may cause the airflow to flow backwards instantly and flow back into the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilation pipe 4 from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, so that the positive air pressure in the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilation pipe 4 relative to the non-contaminated building space is formed instantly, which easily causes toxic and harmful substances such as viruses in the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer ventilation pipe 4 to diffuse out of the pipe from the inside of the pipe, thereby causing the contamination of the non-contaminated area B. Therefore, the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating duct 9, and the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is closed in a linkage manner when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 stops, so that backflow is effectively prevented. In addition, an electric pressure-measuring pressure-releasing valve 8 is connected to the vicinity of the joint of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 and the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, and when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 and there is a risk that airflow flows backwards into the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe 4, the electric pressure-measuring pressure-releasing valve 8 is opened to release the pressure, so that the airflow is prevented from flowing backwards.
In an embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention, the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 is sealed in a square air duct 30, a high-temperature electric heating section 13 is disposed in the square air duct 30 and adjacent to the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10, and an airflow electric heater is disposed in the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and is adapted to heat an airflow to a temperature above 65 ℃. After the airflow is heated, the relative humidity is greatly reduced. And at high temperature, the tiny droplets of the chlorine-containing disinfection solution in the air flow are further heated and gasified. In addition, the relative humidity of the airflow is greatly reduced, so that the next filtering treatment is facilitated. Meanwhile, because the survival time of the virus is obviously shortened at the high temperature of more than 65 ℃, the risk of virus remaining in the air flow is further reduced after the virus is heated by the high-temperature electric heating section 13. Moreover, the surface temperature of the electric heating rod of the airflow electric heater in the high-temperature electric heating section 13 can reach hundreds of degrees centigrade, and the electric heating rod has instant disinfection and killing effects on viruses in the airflow directly contacting with the electric heating rod.
In an embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system of the present invention, a high-temperature water heating section 14 is disposed in the square air duct 30 and is adjacent to the high-temperature electric heating section 13, high-temperature water coils are disposed in the high-temperature water heating section 14 and are staggered, and two ports of the high-temperature water coils are respectively communicated to two hot water pipes 24 to form a hot water circulation pipeline. The high temperature water heating section 14 further heats the airflow from the high temperature electric heating section 13, and can further raise the temperature of the airflow to 75 ℃. The water inlet temperature of the high-temperature water heating section 14 can reach 95 ℃, and the water outlet temperature is 85 ℃. When the air current passes through the high-temperature water heating section 14, the surface area of the dense high-temperature water coil pipe is large, the area contacting with the air current is large, the air current is sufficiently heated, the condition that the temperature in the air current is uneven can be avoided (for example, the section size of the square air pipe 30 is large, after the square air pipe is electrically heated, the condition that the air current at the upper part of the square air pipe 30 exceeds 70 ℃ and the air current at the lower part just reaches 70 ℃) can be avoided, and the risk of residual viruses in the air current is further reduced.
In an embodiment of the multiple disinfecting and killing system for high-pollution exhaust air of the present invention, a temperature stratification flow guiding device 32 is disposed in the square air duct 30 between the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and the high-temperature water heating section 14. As shown in fig. 2-10, arrows indicate the flowing direction of the air flow, and the temperature stratification air guiding device 32 includes an upper-layer high-temperature air guiding pipe 32-1, a lower-layer low-temperature air guiding pipe 32-2 and a central compressed air duct 32-3; the lower-layer low-temperature airflow flows out from the upper part after entering the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2, and the upper-layer high-temperature airflow flows out from the lower part after passing through the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1, so that the upper-layer airflow and the lower-layer airflow enter the high-temperature water heating section 14 for heating after the upper-layer airflow and the lower-layer airflow are internally replaced in the temperature layering flow guide device 32, and the condition that the temperature of the lower-layer airflow does not reach the standard due to temperature.
The air flow in the center of the air channel is separated and compressed by the inclined sections 32-2-1 of the upper high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 to form a vortex, then the vortex enters the narrow central compressed air channel 32-3, the air speed is increased, the vortex is further intensified, the vortex can intensify the heat exchange of the air flow in the center of the air channel with the upper high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 through the wall surfaces of the air guide pipes, and the temperatures of the lower air flow, the upper air flow and the central air flow in the air channel are closer. And, the heat exchange effect is better when the air current with the vortex flows to the high temperature water heating section 14 than the laminar flow effect.
Due to the installation process problem, gaps inevitably exist between the heating devices in the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and the high-temperature water heating section 14 and the square air pipe 30. The air is a fluid with a certain viscosity, and has a wall-attached airflow attached to the wall surface at a position where the air contacts with the inner wall of the square duct 30, and the wall-attached airflow has a low flow rate and is easy to pass through a gap between the heating device and the square duct 30. This allows the coanda airflow to easily pass from the slot to the next treatment section without being treated by the heating means. This is unacceptable in systems that handle high risk viruses. Wall attaching airflow at the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the reduced section of the air duct and then guided to a high position at the lower part through the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2, wall attaching airflow at the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated by the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and then guided to a low position at the lower part, and wall attaching airflow at two sides enters the central compressed air duct 32-3 after being blocked and compressed by the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and the inclined section 32-2-1 of the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2. In this way, the coanda airflow of the four walls of the square air pipe 30 is guided and compressed to form airflow without coanda airflow and then is sent to the downstream, and the condition that the coanda airflow passes through the gap between the heating device and the square air pipe 30 and is not effectively sterilized is avoided.
Because the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1, the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 and the central compressed air duct 32-3 are all provided with the structure that the cross sections of the air ducts are suddenly reduced, the air flow passing through the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1, the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 and the central compressed air duct 32-3 can be compressed and accelerated and then is ejected out from the minimum cross section at a high speed, and therefore wall-attached air flow is eliminated. When the high-speed airflow is sprayed to the high-temperature water heating section 14 of the densely-distributed coil pipe, a strong vortex is formed, and the heat exchange effect is enhanced. The temperature stratification guide device 32 eliminates the coanda airflow of all four walls of the square duct 30, and has great significance in preventing the coanda airflow and viruses possibly existing in the coanda airflow from entering the next section through gaps.
In an embodiment of the multiple high-pollution exhaust air killing system of the present invention, an air quality monitoring device 26 is disposed in the polluted building space a, the air quality monitoring device 26 includes a third controller and an air quality sensor, and an air quality parameter preset value is prestored in the third controller, which is suitable for opening and closing the electric backflow prevention valve 7 and the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 to kill or stop killing according to a comparison result between a real-time detection value of the air quality sensor and the air quality parameter preset value.
One embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multiple killing method of the invention comprises the following steps: (1) monitoring the air quality in the building space polluted by the virus in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, conducting the air in the building space polluted by the virus to an outdoor square air pipe 30 through a negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in a polluted area, a ventilation pipe 4 with a high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer and an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 in sequence, and electrifying and heating the ventilation pipe 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer to kill the virus attached to the pipe wall at high temperature; arranging a high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 in the square air pipe 30, and connecting the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 to an air suction port of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 to generate negative pressure on a drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating duct 9, and when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 is stopped, the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is automatically closed so as to effectively prevent airflow from flowing backwards into the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating duct 9; an electric pressure measuring and relieving valve 8 is connected to the vicinity of the connection part of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 and the high-resistance heat insulation insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, the electric pressure measuring and relieving valve 8 is opened for pressure relief, and airflow is prevented from flowing backwards into the high-resistance heat insulation insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9; (2) at least one of the following disinfecting and killing treatment modes is carried out on the air flow flowing through the square air pipe 30: high-temperature electric heating sterilization and high-temperature water heating sterilization. The specific implementation of the exhaust air heating sterilization is described in the above embodiments of the system of the present invention, and is not described herein again.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles of the invention, its essential features and advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system is characterized by comprising a pollution area negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (2), wherein at least one end of the pollution area negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (2) is connected with an air port (3) with a primary filter, any position on the pollution area negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with the inlet end of a high-resistance area heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe (4), the outlet end of the high-resistance area heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe (4) is connected to the inlet end of an outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) through an electric backflow prevention valve (7), and the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) is connected to an air suction port of a high-efficiency variable-frequency fan; the two ends of the high-resistance ventilation pipeline (4) with the heat-insulating layer are electrically connected to a power supply.
2. The high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system according to claim 1, wherein the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10) is sealed in a square air duct (30), a high-temperature electric heating section (13) is arranged in the square air duct (30) and is close to the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10), and an airflow electric heater is arranged in the high-temperature electric heating section (13) and is suitable for heating airflow to above 65 ℃.
3. The high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system according to claim 2, wherein a high-temperature water heating section (14) is arranged in the square air pipe (30) and is close to the high-temperature electric heating section (13), high-temperature water coils which are arranged in a staggered mode are arranged in the high-temperature water heating section (14), and two ports of each high-temperature water coil are respectively communicated to two hot water pipes (24) to form a hot water circulation pipeline.
4. The high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system according to claim 3, wherein a temperature layered flow guide device (32) is arranged in the square air pipe (30) between the high-temperature electric heating section (13) and the high-temperature water heating section (14); the temperature layering flow guide device (32) is used for realizing position replacement of upper and lower layers of airflow so as to eliminate wall-attached airflow and strengthen heat exchange, and the effect of killing is prevented from being influenced by that part of the airflow is not heated.
5. The high-pollution air exhaust multiple killing system according to claim 4, wherein the temperature layered flow guide device (32) comprises an upper high-temperature air guide pipe (32-1), a lower low-temperature air guide pipe (32-2) and a central compression air duct (32-3); wall attaching air flow at the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe (32-2) through the reduction of the section of the air duct and then guided to a downstream high position, the wall attaching air flow at the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated by the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe (32-1) and then guided to a downstream low position, and the wall attaching air flow at two sides is blocked and compressed by the inclined sections (32-2-1) of the upper-layer high-temperature air guide pipe (32-1) and the lower-layer low-temperature air guide pipe (32-2) and then enters the central compressed air duct (32-3), so that the wall attaching air flow is eliminated and the heat.
6. The high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system according to claim 1, wherein an electric backflow prevention valve (7) is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilation duct (4) with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation duct (9), and the electric backflow prevention valve (7) is suitable for being closed in a linkage manner when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10) is shut down, so that airflow is effectively prevented from flowing back into the high-resistance ventilation duct (4) with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation duct (9).
7. The high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system according to claim 6, wherein an electric pressure-measuring relief valve (8) is connected to the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) near the joint with the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe (4) for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9), and when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9), the electric pressure-measuring relief valve (8) is opened for pressure relief, so that air flow is prevented from flowing back into the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe (4) from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9).
8. The high-pollution exhaust multiple killing system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature control module (29) is arranged on the high-resistance insulating ventilation duct (4), and the temperature control module (29) comprises a first controller and a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the high-resistance insulating ventilation duct (4); the first controller is internally pre-stored with preset temperature, and is suitable for controlling the on-off of the power supply according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the temperature sensor and the preset temperature value so as to maintain the temperature of the high-resistance heat-insulation insulating layer ventilation pipeline (4) within the preset temperature range.
9. The high-pollution exhaust air multiple killing system according to claim 1, wherein a building space negative pressure monitoring device (28) is arranged in the polluted building space, and the building space negative pressure monitoring device (28) comprises a second controller and an air pressure sensor; the second controller is pre-stored with preset air pressure and is suitable for adjusting the rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan (10) according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the air pressure sensor and the preset air pressure value so as to maintain the air pressure in the polluted building space within the preset air pressure range.
10. The multiple high-pollution exhaust air sterilizing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) monitoring the air quality in the building space polluted by the viruses in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, conducting the air in the building space polluted by the viruses to an outdoor air pipe (30) through a negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (2) in a polluted area, a ventilation pipe (4) with a high-resistance heat-insulating layer and an outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) in sequence, and electrifying and heating the ventilation pipe (4) with the high-resistance heat-insulating layer to kill viruses attached to the pipe wall at high temperature; arranging a high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10) in the square air pipe (30), and connecting the outlet end of the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) to an air suction port of the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10) to generate negative pressure on a drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve (7) is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilation pipeline (4) with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipeline (9), and when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan (10) is stopped, the electric backflow prevention valve (7) is automatically closed so as to effectively prevent airflow from flowing back into the high-resistance ventilation pipeline (4) with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilation pipeline (9); an electric pressure measuring and relieving valve (8) is connected to the position, close to the connection position of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) and the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer-band ventilation pipe (4), and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9), when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9), the electric pressure measuring and relieving valve (8) is opened for pressure relief, and airflow is prevented from flowing back into the high-resistance heat-insulation-layer-band ventilation pipe (4) from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9);
(2) at least one of the following disinfection and killing treatment modes is carried out on the air flow flowing through the square air pipe (30): high-temperature electric heating sterilization and high-temperature water heating sterilization.
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