CN111878929B

CN111878929B - High-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system and method for underground space

Info

Publication number: CN111878929B
Application number: CN202010912218.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宽; 李长勇; 张亚齐; 郑筱彦; 史乐贤; 侯立群; 温恺; 王晓雨
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Group Co Ltd; China Railway Construction Corp Ltd CRCC
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Group Co Ltd; China Railway Construction Corp Ltd CRCC
Priority date: 2020-09-02
Filing date: 2020-09-02
Publication date: 2024-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-02
Also published as: CN111878929A

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system and method for high-pollution exhaust of an underground space, wherein the system comprises a negative pressure metal ventilation pipe in a pollution area, wherein any position on the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is communicated with the inlet end of a high-resistance ventilating pipe with a heat insulation insulating layer, the outlet end of the ventilating pipe with the heat insulation insulating layer is connected to the inlet end of an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe through an electric backflow prevention valve, and the outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected to an extraction opening of a high-efficiency variable frequency fan; the rear end of the variable-efficiency variable-frequency fan is sequentially provided with a plurality of virus killing devices. The invention firstly carries out high-temperature disinfection on the air possibly containing viruses in the high-pollution building space through the electric heating pipeline, then leads the air after the high-temperature disinfection to the outdoor various virus disinfection devices through the negative pressure pipeline to thoroughly disinfect the introduced air in a diversified way, and can thoroughly remove the viruses in the air in the high-pollution building space.

Description

High-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system and method for underground space

Technical Field

The invention relates to a multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system and method for high-pollution exhaust of an underground space, and belongs to the field of indoor environment treatment.

Background

Viruses are extremely prone to long-term survival in wet and cold environments, especially in tight, air-tight underground spaces or above-ground spaces where the outer window cannot be opened. How to ventilate and ventilate the airtight building space and avoid secondary pollution caused by virus leakage becomes a difficult problem to be solved in the industry.

Such as underground trade halls in a wholesale market, become high risk areas after emergency evacuation of merchants infected with viruses, the space is airtight, a large amount of meat left behind is rotted and spoiled in high-temperature weather, the air composition is complex and the concentration is high, and the possibility of viruses and methane is not excluded. Meanwhile, because of worry about secondary pollution caused by virus leakage, the air conditioner and the exhaust system of the underground transaction hall are in a deactivated state, and people directly enter the underground transaction hall to kill the air conditioner and the exhaust system, so that the difficulty is high and the risk is high.

Studies have shown that viruses can be transmitted in aerosol form and have extremely high viability in humid low temperature environments.

In view of this, it is necessary to develop a multi-process comprehensive disinfection and purification system for high pollution exhaust of underground space.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multi-flow comprehensive sterilizing and purifying system and method for high-pollution exhaust of underground space, which are characterized in that firstly, high-temperature sterilizing is carried out on air possibly containing viruses in polluted building space through an electric heating pipeline, then the air after high-temperature sterilizing is led to an outdoor airtight air pipe through a negative pressure pipeline, and a plurality of virus sterilizing devices are sequentially arranged in the airtight air pipe to carry out diversified sterilizing on the introduced air, so that viruses in the air in the high-pollution building space can be thoroughly removed.

In order to achieve the above purpose, in a first aspect, the invention provides a high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system for an underground space, which comprises a pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe, wherein at least one end of the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected with a wind gap with a primary filter, any position on the wind gap is communicated with an inlet end of a high-resistance ventilating pipe with an insulating layer, an outlet end of the ventilating pipe with the insulating layer is connected with an inlet end of an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe through an electric backflow prevention valve, and an outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe is connected with an extraction opening of a high-efficiency variable frequency fan; the high-resistance ventilating duct with heat-insulating layer is electrically connected to a power source at both ends.

Further, the exhaust port of the efficient variable frequency fan is connected to the air inlet of a microporous aerator in the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfection water tank, the microporous aerator is provided with a plurality of air outlet microporous gases, and air flow discharged by each air outlet microporous forms small bubbles which enter the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfection water tank and fully contact with the chlorine-containing disinfectant, so that at least one part of virus aerosol particles in the bubbles is absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfectant.

Further, an exhaust port of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration sterilizing water tank is connected to a chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer, the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer is connected to a humidifying pump, and the humidifying pump enables chlorine-containing disinfectant to flow out from the upper part of the wet film humidifier of the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer, slowly flows down along the surface of the wet film and wets the whole wet film; the wet film humidifying sterilizer containing the chlorine disinfectant is sealed in the square air pipe.

Further, a high-temperature electric heating section is arranged in the square air pipe and is close to the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer, an air flow electric heater is arranged in the high-temperature electric heating section, and the air flow electric heater is suitable for heating air flow to above 65 ℃.

Further, a high-temperature water heating section is arranged in Fang Fengguan adjacent to the high-temperature electric heating section, high-temperature water coils which are arranged in a staggered mode are arranged in the high-temperature water heating section, and two ports of the high-temperature water coils are respectively communicated with two hot water pipes to form a hot water circulation pipeline.

Further, a temperature layering flow guiding device is arranged between the high-temperature electric heating section and the high-temperature water heating section in the Fang Fengguan; the temperature layering flow guiding device is used for realizing the position replacement of the upper air flow and the lower air flow so as to eliminate the coanda air flow and strengthen the heat exchange and avoid the influence of part of the air flow on the disinfection effect caused by no heating.

Further, the temperature layering flow guiding device comprises an upper layer high-temperature air guiding pipe, a lower layer low-temperature air guiding pipe and a central compression air duct; the air flow on the wall of the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the air duct section reduction and then led to the downstream high position, the air flow on the wall of the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated and led to the downstream low position by the upper high-temperature air duct, and the air flows on the two sides are blocked by the inclined sections of the upper high-temperature air duct and the lower low-temperature air duct and then enter the central compressed air duct after being compressed, so that the air flow on the wall is eliminated and heat exchange is enhanced.

Further, a middle-efficiency filtering section, a high-efficiency filtering section and a spraying disinfection section are sequentially arranged in the square air pipe and are close to the high-temperature water heating section; the medium-efficiency filtering section is used for performing medium-efficiency filtering on the air flow after the high-temperature water heating section is killed, the high-efficiency filtering section is used for performing high-efficiency filtering on the air flow after the medium-efficiency filtering in the medium-efficiency filtering section, and the spraying and killing section is used for spraying and killing hydrogen peroxide on the air flow after the high-efficiency filtering in the high-efficiency filtering section.

Further, a temperature control module is arranged on the high-resistance ventilating duct with the heat insulation insulating layer, and the temperature control module comprises a first controller and a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the ventilating duct with the heat insulation insulating layer; the first controller is pre-stored with preset temperature, and is suitable for controlling the on-off of the power supply according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the temperature sensor and the preset temperature value so as to maintain the temperature of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline with the heat insulation insulating layer within the preset temperature range.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a multi-process comprehensive disinfection and purification method for high-pollution exhaust of underground space, which comprises the following steps: (1) Monitoring the air quality in the building space polluted by the virus in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, sequentially leading the air in the building space polluted by the virus to an outdoor air pipe through a negative pressure metal ventilating pipe in a pollution area, a high-resistance ventilating pipe with a heat insulation insulating layer and an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipe, and electrifying and heating the ventilating pipe with the heat insulation insulating layer to kill viruses attached to the pipe wall at a high temperature; the square air pipe is internally provided with a high-efficiency variable frequency fan, and the outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipe is connected to the extraction opening of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan to generate negative pressure on the drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating pipe with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipe, and is automatically closed when the high-efficiency variable frequency fan is stopped, so that air flow is effectively prevented from flowing backwards into the ventilating pipe with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipe; an electric pressure measuring and relieving valve is connected to the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe near the joint of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe and the high-resistance ventilating pipe with the heat-insulating layer and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe, and when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe, the electric pressure measuring and relieving valve is opened to relieve pressure, so that air flow is prevented from flowing back into the ventilating pipe with the high-resistance ventilating pipe with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe; (2) And (3) carrying out at least one of the following disinfection treatment modes on the air flow flowing through the square air pipe: aeration disinfection of chlorine-containing disinfectant, wet film humidification disinfection of chlorine-containing disinfectant, high-temperature electric heating disinfection and high-temperature water heating disinfection; the air flow after the disinfection treatment is sequentially subjected to medium-efficiency filtration, high-efficiency filtration and spray oxidizer disinfection.

Through the technical scheme, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

1. The air pipe in the uncontaminated area can be killed. The air pipe in the uncontaminated area can be killed by the ventilation pipeline with the high-resistance band heat insulation layer, the first electrode contact of the current heating sterilizing device and the second electrode contact of the current heating sterilizing device. Specifically, an alternating current power supply in a building is respectively connected with a first electrode contact of a current heating sterilizing device and a second electrode contact of the current heating sterilizing device, an electrifying loop is formed by the alternating current power supply and a high-resistance ventilating pipeline with a heat insulation insulating layer, the temperature of the heating inner wall of the ventilating pipeline with the heat insulation insulating layer is raised to be more than 60 ℃ after the ventilating pipeline with the heat insulation insulating layer is electrified, the temperature is kept at 60-100 ℃ for 30 minutes under the control of a temperature control module, and then high-temperature sterilization of viruses adsorbed on the surface of the ventilating pipeline with the heat insulation insulating layer can be realized.

2. The aeration principle is utilized to thoroughly kill viruses. The aeration principle in the water treatment engineering is applied to gas disinfection, the high-flow gas is subdivided into small bubbles by using a microporous aerator, the small bubbles are sent into the chlorine-containing disinfectant, the small bubbles are fully contacted with the chlorine-containing disinfectant, part of virus aerosol particles in the bubbles are absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfectant, part of virus aerosol particles are combined with the disinfectant volatilized by the chlorine-containing disinfectant (simultaneously absorb part of VOC in the air flow), and the virus is disinfected after contacting the chlorine-containing disinfectant, so that the virus content in the air flow sent by a fan is obviously reduced, and better disinfection effect is realized compared with the prior disinfection air flow technology of the disinfectant. In addition, the chlorine-containing disinfectant is naturally volatilized in the space at the upper part in the aeration disinfection water tank, so that the volatilized chlorine-containing disinfectant is filled, and the air flow is combined with the volatilized chlorine-containing disinfectant in the space, so that a good disinfection effect can be achieved.

3. A wet film humidifying sterilizer containing chlorine disinfectant is arranged. The invention utilizes the principle that the wet film humidifier contacts the water-absorbing film with air, and the moisture on the film volatilizes and then is humidified. The working liquid of the wet film humidifier is changed into disinfectant from air, the disinfectant is volatilized on the wet film and then enters the air flow in the form of disinfectant steam, the particle size of the disinfectant steam is small, and compared with other disinfectant such as spray liquid drops and the like, the disinfectant steam with small particle size is easy to combine with aerosol in the air flow to effectively disinfect viruses.

4. A high-temperature electric heating section is arranged. Related studies have shown that viruses are difficult to survive in high temperature environments. The invention is provided with the high-temperature electric heating section, can heat the air flow, the surface temperature of the electric heating rod of the air flow electric heater in the high-temperature electric heating section can reach hundreds of ℃, viruses in the air flow in direct contact with the electric heating rod can be killed instantly, and the whole temperature of the air flow is heated to be more than 65 ℃. After the air flow is heated, the relative humidity is greatly reduced, and chlorine-containing disinfection liquid drops in the air flow are further volatilized and gasified at high temperature. The relative humidity of the air flow is greatly reduced, which is beneficial to the next filtering treatment. In addition, as the virus has obviously shortened survival time at the high temperature of more than 65 ℃, the risk of residual virus in the air flow is further reduced after the virus is heated by the high-temperature electric heating section.

5. A temperature layered flow guiding device is arranged. The lower low-temperature air flow enters the lower low-temperature air guide pipe and then flows out of the temperature layered flow guiding device from the upper part, and the upper high-temperature air flow passes through the upper high-temperature air guide pipe and then flows out of the temperature layered flow guiding device from the lower part, so that the upper and lower air flows enter a high-temperature water heating section for heating after the positions of the upper and lower air flows are replaced in the temperature layered flow guiding device, and the conditions that the temperature of the upper and lower air flows are layered and the temperature of the lower air flow is not up to the standard are avoided. In addition, after the air flow in the center of the air duct is blocked and compressed by the inclined sections of the upper high-temperature air guide pipe and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe, vortex is formed, and then the air enters a narrow central compressed air duct, the air speed is increased, the vortex is further aggravated, the air flow in the center of the air duct can be aggravated through the heat exchange between the wall surface of the air guide pipe and the upper high-temperature air guide pipe and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe, and the temperatures of the lower air flow, the upper air flow and the central air flow in the air duct are more approximate. And the heat exchange effect is better than the laminar flow effect when the airflow with vortex flows to the high-temperature water heating section. Due to the installation process problem, a gap is inevitably formed between the heating device and the square air pipe. Air is a fluid with certain viscosity, and has wall-attached airflow attached to the wall of the air duct at the contact position of the air duct wall, and the wall-attached airflow has low flow speed and is easy to pass through a gap between the heating device and the wall of the square air duct. This makes it easier for the coanda airflow to enter the next processing stage from the slot without being treated by the heating means. This is unacceptable in systems handling high-risk viruses. The air flow on the wall of the lower part of the air channel is compressed by the section of the air channel through the lower low-temperature air guide pipe and then is led to the downstream high position, the air flow on the wall of the upper part of the air channel is compressed and accelerated through the upper high-temperature air guide pipe and then is led to the downstream low position, and the air flows on the wall of the two sides are blocked by the inclined sections of the upper high-temperature air guide pipe and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe and then enter the central compressed air channel after being compressed. Therefore, the coanda airflow on the four sides of the square air pipe is guided and compressed to form airflow without coanda airflow and then sent to the downstream, and the condition that the coanda airflow flows through gaps between the heating device and the square air pipe and is not effectively disinfected is avoided. Because the upper high-temperature air guide pipe, the lower low-temperature air guide pipe and the central compressed air duct are all provided with structures with suddenly reduced air pipe sections, air flows flowing through the upper high-temperature air guide pipe, the lower low-temperature air guide pipe and the central compressed air duct can be compressed and accelerated and then are ejected out from the minimum section at a high speed, and thus wall-attached air flows are eliminated. When high-speed air flow is sprayed to the high-temperature water heating sections where the coils are densely distributed, severe vortex is formed due to the blocking of the coils which are staggered, and the heat exchange effect is enhanced.

6. The invention is provided with the high-temperature water heating section and the temperature layering flow guiding device, which are matched, and is equivalent to effectively supplementing the high-temperature electric heating section, so that all airflows are ensured to be fully heated. Specifically, the high-temperature water heating section further heats the air flow from the high-temperature electric heating section, and the temperature of the air flow can be further increased to 75 ℃. The water inlet temperature of the high-temperature water heating section is 95 ℃, and the water outlet temperature is 85 ℃. When passing through the high-temperature water heating section, the surface area of the dense high-temperature water coil is large, the contact area with the air flow is large, the air flow is fully heated, the condition of uneven temperature in the air flow is avoided (for example, the cross section size of an air pipe is large, after electric heating, the condition that the air flow at the upper part exceeds 70 ℃ and the air flow at the lower part of the air pipe just reaches 70 ℃ possibly occurs), and the risk of residual viruses in the air flow is further reduced.

7. Is provided with an airflow quality monitoring and sampling device and a high-efficiency variable-frequency fan. The rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan can be adjusted by detecting the quality of the air flow passing through each treatment section, the treatment air quantity is changed, and whether the filter is replaced or not is determined. For example, when the air flow quality is not good through the air flow quality monitoring and sampling device, the rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan can be reduced, namely the processed air quantity is reduced, the air speed of the section of the air conditioner is reduced, and the air processing effect is improved. If the rotating speed is reduced, after the processing air quantity is reduced, the filter is replaced when the air quality is still poor through the air quality monitoring and sampling device; when the air flow quality is found to be far higher than the related index through the air flow quality monitoring and sampling device, the rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan can be improved, namely the processed air quantity is increased, and the processed air quantity in unit time is improved. If the rotating speed is reduced, after the air quantity is reduced, when the air quality is still good through the air quality monitoring and sampling device, the operation with high rotating speed and high air quantity can be maintained, and if the condition that the detected air quality is still poor occurs, the rotating speed and the air quantity of the fan are reduced.

The air flow quality monitoring and sampling device and the high-efficiency variable frequency fan are matched to operate, so that the air flow treatment effect is ensured, the treatment effect is not influenced by overlarge treatment air flow, the treatment air quantity can be increased appropriately, and the ventilation efficiency is improved; and whether the filter needs to be replaced or not can be scientifically determined, waste is not generated due to early replacement, and secondary pollution is not generated due to too late replacement.

8. The air quality monitoring device is arranged, the building space negative pressure monitoring device is arranged, the air quality and the negative pressure condition in the polluted building space can be monitored in real time, equipment in the system is adjusted, the negative pressure in the polluted building space is ensured, and the leakage of toxic and harmful gases is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of the multi-process integrated disinfection and purification system for high pollution exhaust of underground spaces of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of a cross section of a temperature stratification diversion device in one embodiment of the multi-flow integrated disinfection and purification system for high pollution exhaust of underground spaces of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view, in cross section, of a temperature stratification deflector in one embodiment of the multi-pass integrated decontamination system for high-pollution exhaust of an underground space of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view cut-away of a temperature stratification deflector in one embodiment of the multi-process integrated decontamination system for high-pollution exhaust of an underground space of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a right side view of a cross section of an upper high temperature air duct of a temperature stratification flow guiding device in an embodiment of the multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system for high pollution exhaust of underground spaces of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view, in cross section, of an upper high temperature air duct of a temperature stratification deflector in one embodiment of the multi-process integrated decontamination system for high pollution exhaust of an underground space of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view, in cross section, of an upper high temperature air duct of a temperature stratification diversion device in one embodiment of the multi-process integrated decontamination system for high pollution exhaust of an underground space of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a right side view of a cross section of a lower low temperature air duct of a temperature stratification diversion device in one embodiment of the multi-process integrated disinfection purification system for high pollution exhaust of an underground space of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of a lower low temperature air duct of a temperature stratification diversion device in one embodiment of the multi-process integrated decontamination system for high pollution exhaust of an underground space of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a top view, in cross section, of a lower low temperature air duct of a temperature stratification diversion device in one embodiment of the multi-process integrated decontamination system for high pollution exhaust of an underground space of the present invention.

In the figure, a polluted building space A; an uninfected area B; a negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the polluted area; an air port 3 with a primary filter; a high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with a heat-insulating layer; a first electrode contact 5 of the electric current heating sterilizing device; a second electrode contact 6 of the electric current heating sterilizing device; an electric backflow prevention valve 7; an electric pressure measuring relief valve 8; an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9; an efficient variable frequency fan 10; the chlorine-containing disinfectant is aerated to kill the water tank 11; a microporous aerator 12; a high temperature electric heating section 13; a high temperature water heating section 14; a medium-efficiency filter section 17; a high efficiency filter stage 18; a spray disinfection section 19; a hot water pipe 24; an air quality monitoring device 26; an air flow quality monitoring and sampling device 27; a building space negative pressure monitoring device 28; a temperature control module 29; a square air pipe 30; a chlorine-containing sterilizing liquid wet film humidifying sterilizer 31; a temperature stratification flow guiding device 32; an upper high temperature air guide pipe 32-1; a lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2; diagonal segment 32-2-1; a central compression tunnel 32-3.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and detailed description so that those skilled in the art can practice the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, one embodiment of the underground space high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system comprises a pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2, wherein at least one end of the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 is connected with a wind gap 3 with a primary filter, any position on the wind gap is communicated with the inlet end of a high-resistance ventilating pipe 4 with a heat insulation insulating layer, the outlet end of the ventilating pipe 4 with the heat insulation insulating layer is connected with the inlet end of an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 through an electric backflow prevention valve 7, and the outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 is connected with the extraction opening of a high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10; the high-resistance ventilating duct with heat insulating layer 4 is electrically connected to a power source at both ends. In fig. 1, two ends of a negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in a pollution area are connected with air inlets 3 with primary filters, the middle pipe wall of the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area is communicated with the inlet end of a ventilation pipe 4 with a high-resistance heat-insulating layer, and the connection part is sealed to prevent gas leakage, so that a closed airflow passage is formed between the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area and the ventilation pipe 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulating layer.

The negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 of the pollution area is arranged at the high position of the pollution area, and the air polluted by the virus is discharged into the negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 of the pollution area from the tuyere 3 with the primary filter and then enters the ventilation pipe 4 with the high resistance and heat insulation layer. A building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 is arranged in the polluted building space A, and the building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 comprises a second controller and an air pressure sensor; the second controller is pre-stored with a preset air pressure, and is adapted to adjust the rotation speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the air pressure sensor and the preset air pressure value, so as to maintain the air pressure in the polluted building space A within the preset air pressure range. When the building space negative pressure monitoring device 28 monitors that the negative pressure in the polluted building space A does not reach the standard, namely, is higher than the preset air pressure value, the rotating speed of the efficient variable frequency fan 10 is increased, the air discharge quantity is increased, the negative pressure in the polluted building space A is maintained, and the air in the polluted building space A is prevented from leaking. The negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 2 in the pollution area and the ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulating layer keep the negative pressure in the pipe under the action of the efficient variable-frequency fan 10. The tuyere 3 with the primary filter is a tuyere provided with a coarse filter or a filter screen. The ventilation pipeline 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulating layer is made of austenitic stainless steel pipes or other metal materials with higher resistance, and is wrapped with the heat-insulating layer, so that electric leakage is prevented, and heat loss during electrifying is reduced. The two ends of the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer are respectively connected with the first electrode contact 5 of the current heating sterilizing device and the second electrode contact 6 of the current heating sterilizing device, the two electrodes are connected with the live wire and the zero wire of a power supply with 380V or more, a conductive path is formed between the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer and the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer, and the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer heats and the temperature rises when the power is supplied. The first electrode contact 5 of the current heating sterilizing device and the second electrode contact 6 of the current heating sterilizing device are wiring terminals with protective covers made of copper, one end of each wiring terminal is connected with the ventilating duct 4 with the high-resistance heat-insulating layer, and the other end of each wiring terminal is connected with a power supply. A temperature control module 29 is arranged on the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipeline 4, and the temperature control module 29 comprises a first controller and a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipeline 4; the first controller is pre-stored with a preset temperature, and is suitable for controlling the on-off of the power supply according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the temperature sensor and the preset value so as to maintain the temperature of the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat insulation insulating layer within the preset temperature range. The high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer heats after being electrified, the temperature of the inner wall is raised to be more than 60 ℃, and the temperature of the inner wall is kept at 60-100 ℃ for 30 minutes under the control of the temperature control module 29, so that the high-temperature disinfection of viruses adsorbed on the surface of the ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer can be realized. The electric backflow prevention valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat insulation insulating layer and the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating duct 9. When the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 is suddenly stopped in the high-speed operation process, the air flow pressure of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 fluctuates, so that the air flow is possibly caused to flow back instantaneously, and flows back into the high-resistance insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, so that positive air pressure in the high-resistance insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 relative to an uninfected building space is instantaneously formed, and toxic and harmful substances such as viruses in the high-resistance insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 are easily caused to diffuse from the inside of the pipe to the outside of the pipe, and the uninfected area B is polluted. Therefore, the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline 4 with the heat insulation insulating layer and the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipeline 9, and the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is closed in a linkage manner when the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 is stopped, so that backflow is effectively prevented. In addition, an electric pressure measuring relief valve 8 is connected to the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 near the connection part with the high-resistance ventilating pipe 4 with the heat insulation insulating layer and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, when the risk that air flow reversely flows back to the high-resistance ventilating pipe 4 with the heat insulation insulating layer exists, the electric pressure measuring relief valve 8 is opened to relieve pressure, and the air flow is prevented from reversely flowing.

In one embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multi-flow integrated disinfection and purification system for underground space, the exhaust port of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 is connected to the air inlet of the microporous aerator 12 in the chlorine-containing disinfection solution aeration and disinfection water tank 11, the microporous aerator 12 is provided with a plurality of air outlet microporous gases, the air flow exhausted by each air outlet microporous enters the chlorine-containing disinfection solution aeration and disinfection water tank 11 as small bubbles, the small bubbles are fully contacted with the chlorine-containing disinfection solution, at least one part of virus aerosol particles in the small bubbles is absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfection solution, the other parts of virus aerosol particles are combined with disinfectant volatilized by the chlorine-containing disinfection solution, and part of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the air flow are absorbed, so that viruses are disinfected after contacting the chlorine-containing disinfectant, and the virus content in the air flow sent out by the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 is remarkably reduced. In the space at the upper part of the inner part of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfection water tank 11, the disinfectant is naturally volatilized, so that the volatilized chlorine-containing disinfectant is filled, and small bubbles burst when floating up to the space at the upper part of the inner part of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfection water tank 11. The aerosol with virus remaining in the air flow is further contacted with volatile gas (namely disinfectant steam) of chlorine-containing disinfectant filled in the upper space, so that the virus in murderous look flows is further eliminated.

In one embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multi-flow integrated disinfection and purification system for underground space, the exhaust port of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfection water tank 11 is connected to a chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer 31, the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer 31 is connected to a humidifying pump 35, and the humidifying pump 35 enables chlorine-containing disinfectant to flow out from the upper part of the wet film humidifier of the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer 31 and slowly flow down along the surface of the wet film to infiltrate the whole wet film; the wet film humidifying sterilizer 31 containing chlorine disinfectant is sealed in the square air pipe 30. When the air flow passes through the wet film, chlorine-containing disinfectant on the wet film is accelerated to volatilize and then enters the air flow, so that residual viruses in the air flow are killed. At the same time, some of the VOCs in the gas stream are absorbed by the chlorine-containing sterilizing fluid on the wet film. The humidification pump 35 is a small-flow variable-frequency pump with a pump body and blades made of plastic materials.

In one embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system for the underground space, a high-temperature electric heating section 13 is arranged in the square air pipe 30 and is close to the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer 31, and an air flow electric heater is arranged in the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and is suitable for heating air flow to above 65 ℃. After the airflow is heated, the relative humidity is greatly reduced. And at high temperature, the tiny droplets of chlorine-containing disinfectant in the airflow are further heated and gasified. In addition, the relative humidity of the air flow is greatly reduced, which is beneficial to the next filtering treatment. Meanwhile, as the survival time of the viruses is obviously shortened at the high temperature of more than 65 ℃, the risk of residual viruses in the air flow is further reduced after the viruses are heated by the high-temperature electric heating section 13. In addition, the surface temperature of the electric heating rod of the air flow electric heater in the high-temperature electric heating section 13 can reach hundreds of degrees centigrade, and the electric heating rod has instant disinfection function on viruses in air flow in direct contact with the electric heating rod.

In one embodiment of the multi-process integrated disinfection and purification system for high-pollution exhaust of underground space of the invention, the square air pipe 30 is internally provided with a high-temperature water heating section 14 adjacent to the high-temperature electric heating section 13, the high-temperature water heating section 14 is internally provided with high-temperature water coils which are arranged in a staggered way, and two ports of the high-temperature water coils are respectively communicated with two hot water pipes 24 to form a hot water circulation pipeline. The high-temperature water heating section 14 further heats the air flow from the high-temperature electric heating section 13, and the temperature of the air flow can be further raised to 75 ℃. The water inlet temperature of the high-temperature water heating section 14 can reach 95 ℃ and the water outlet temperature is 85 ℃. When the air flow passes through the high-temperature water heating section 14, the surface area of the dense high-temperature water coil is large, the contact area with the air flow is large, the air flow is sufficiently heated, the condition that the temperature in the air flow is uneven (for example, the cross section size of the square air pipe 30 is large, after electric heating, the condition that the air flow at the upper part of the square air pipe 30 exceeds 70 ℃ and the air flow at the lower part just reaches 70 ℃ can possibly occur) can be avoided, and the risk of residual viruses in the air flow is further reduced.

In one embodiment of the multi-process integrated disinfection and purification system for high-pollution exhaust of underground space of the present invention, a temperature layered flow guiding device 32 is disposed in the square air pipe 30 between the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and the high-temperature water heating section 14. As shown in fig. 2-10, the arrows in the drawing indicate the flow direction of the air flow, and the temperature layered air guiding device 32 includes an upper layer high temperature air guiding pipe 32-1, a lower layer low temperature air guiding pipe 32-2 and a central compressed air duct 32-3; the lower low-temperature air flow flows out from the upper part after entering the lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2, and the upper high-temperature air flow flows out from the lower part after passing through the upper high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1, so that the upper and lower air flows enter the high-temperature water heating section 14 for heating after being displaced in the temperature layered flow guide device 32, and the condition that the temperature of the lower air flow does not reach the standard due to temperature layering in the air flow is avoided.

The air flow in the center of the air duct is blocked and compressed by the inclined sections 32-2-1 of the upper high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 to form vortex, and then enters the narrow central compressed air duct 32-3, so that the air speed is increased, the vortex is further increased, the air flow in the center of the air duct can be increased, and the heat exchange between the air flow in the center of the air duct and the upper high-temperature air guide pipe 32-1 and the lower low-temperature air guide pipe 32-2 is enhanced through the wall surface of the air guide pipe, so that the temperatures of the lower air flow, the upper air flow and the central air flow in the air duct are more approximate. And, the heat exchange effect is better than the laminar flow effect when the airflow with vortex flows to the high-temperature water heating section 14.

Due to the installation process problems, gaps are inevitably present between the heating devices in the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and the high-temperature water heating section 14 and the square air pipe 30. Air is a fluid with certain viscosity, and has wall-attached airflow attached to the wall surface at the position where the air contacts with the inner wall of the square air pipe 30, the wall-attached airflow has low flow velocity, and the air is easy to pass through a gap between the heating device and the square air pipe 30. This makes it easier for the coanda airflow to enter the next processing stage from the slot without being treated by the heating means. This is unacceptable in systems handling high-risk viruses. The air flow with the wall at the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the reduced section of the air duct through the lower low-temperature air duct 32-2 and then led to the downstream high position, the air flow with the wall at the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated through the upper high-temperature air duct 32-1 and then led to the downstream low position, and the air flows with the wall at the two sides are blocked and compressed by the upper high-temperature air duct 32-1 and the inclined section 32-2-1 of the lower low-temperature air duct 32-2 and then enter the central compressed air duct 32-3. Thus, the wall-attached air flows of the four walls of the square air pipe 30 are all guided and compressed to form air flows without wall-attached air flows and then sent to the downstream, and the condition that the wall-attached air flows through gaps between the heating device and the square air pipe 30 and is not effectively disinfected is avoided.

Because the upper high temperature air guide pipe 32-1, the lower low temperature air guide pipe 32-2 and the central compressed air duct 32-3 have the structure that the air pipe cross sections are suddenly reduced, the air flow flowing through the upper high temperature air guide pipe 32-1, the lower low temperature air guide pipe 32-2 and the central compressed air duct 32-3 can be compressed and accelerated and then sprayed out from the minimum cross section at high speed, so that the coanda air flow is eliminated. When the high-speed air flow is sprayed to the high-temperature water heating section 14 of the densely distributed coil pipes, strong vortex is formed, and the heat exchange effect is enhanced. The temperature layering flow guiding device 32 eliminates the coanda airflow of the four walls of the square air pipe 30, and it is of great importance to avoid the coanda airflow and viruses possibly existing in the coanda airflow from entering the next section through gaps.

In one embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system for the underground space, a middle-efficiency filtering section 17, a high-efficiency filtering section 18 and a spraying disinfection section 19 are sequentially arranged in the square air pipe 30 and are adjacent to the high-temperature water heating section 14; the medium-efficiency filtering section 17 is used for performing medium-efficiency filtering on the air flow after being disinfected by the high-temperature water heating section 14, the high-efficiency filtering section 18 is used for performing high-efficiency filtering on the air flow after being subjected to medium-efficiency filtering in the medium-efficiency filtering section 17, and the spraying disinfection section 19 is used for spraying hydrogen peroxide to disinfect the air flow after being subjected to high-efficiency filtering in the high-efficiency filtering section 18. The hydrogen peroxide can be decomposed into water and oxygen, and the harm to the environment is small. The medium-efficiency filter in the medium-efficiency filter section 17 and the high-efficiency filter in the high-efficiency filter section 18 cannot be cleaned, and belong to disposable consumables. The other parts can be used repeatedly and repeatedly, and can be cleaned if necessary.

In one embodiment of the multi-process integrated disinfection and purification system for high pollution exhaust of underground space of the present invention, an air flow quality monitoring and sampling device 27 is further provided at each treatment section for monitoring the quality of air flow after passing through each treatment section. The device can monitor the temperature, humidity, speed, particulate matter content such as PM2.5, VOC content, chlorine-containing disinfectant content of air current in real time to sample the air every certain time. Where the VOC content may characterize the contaminant content in the air, the intermittent sampling is accomplished by a miniature air pump and multiple small sampling containers in the air flow quality monitoring and sampling device 27. At intervals, the small sampling container can be taken out of the air flow quality monitoring and sampling device 27 and sent to a laboratory for virus detection to determine whether residual viruses remain in the air flow. When the air flow quality monitoring and sampling device 27 monitors that the VOC content in the air flow exceeds the standard or the content of the chlorine-containing disinfectant is too low, it means that the air flow treatment is insufficient at this time, and the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 needs to be adjusted to reduce the rotation speed, so as to reduce the air supply quantity, and further reduce the treatment air flow (treatment load) of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfection water tank 11, the microporous aerator 12, the high-temperature electric heating section 13 and the high-temperature water heating section 14, so as to further improve the treatment effect. On the contrary, when various parameters are far better than the related indexes determined according to the prior art, the rotating speed of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 is increased, so that the air supply quantity is increased, and the processing efficiency is improved.

The parameters obtained by the air flow quality monitoring and sampling device 27 are also important criteria for determining whether to replace the filter. When the air flow quality monitoring parameters after the middle-efficiency filter section 17 or the high-efficiency filter section 18 are not good (such as the VOC content is too high) or the virus residue is detected, the corresponding filter needs to be replaced as soon as possible.

In one embodiment of the high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system for the underground space, an air quality monitoring device 26 is arranged in the polluted building space A, the air quality monitoring device 26 comprises a third controller and an air quality sensor, an air quality parameter preset value is pre-stored in the third controller, and the air quality parameter preset value is suitable for starting and stopping the disinfection and sterilization operation of the electric backflow prevention valve 7, the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10, the humidifying pump 35 and the like according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the air quality sensor and the air quality parameter preset value.

The invention relates to an embodiment of a multi-process comprehensive disinfection and purification method for high-pollution exhaust of underground space, which comprises the following steps: (1) Monitoring the air quality in the building space polluted by the virus in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, sequentially guiding the air in the building space polluted by the virus to an outdoor square air pipe 30 through a negative pressure metal ventilating pipe 2 in a pollution area, a high-resistance ventilating pipe 4 with a heat insulation layer and an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipe 9, and electrifying and heating the ventilating pipe 4 with the heat insulation layer to kill the virus attached to the pipe wall at a high temperature; the square air pipe 30 is internally provided with a high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10, and the outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipe 9 is connected to the extraction opening of the high-efficiency variable frequency fan 10 to generate negative pressure on a drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve 7 is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating duct 9, and the electric backflow prevention valve 7 is automatically closed when the high-efficiency variable-frequency fan 10 is stopped, so that air flow is effectively prevented from flowing backwards from the outdoor negative-pressure metal ventilating duct 9 into the ventilating duct 4 with the heat-insulating layer; an electric pressure measuring relief valve 8 is connected to the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 near the joint of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9 and the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, and when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9, the electric pressure measuring relief valve 8 is opened to relieve pressure, so that air flow is prevented from flowing back into the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipe 4 from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe 9; (2) The airflow passing through the square air pipe 30 is subjected to at least one of the following sterilization treatment modes: aeration disinfection of chlorine-containing disinfectant, wet film humidification disinfection of chlorine-containing disinfectant, high-temperature electric heating disinfection and high-temperature water heating disinfection; the air flow after the disinfection treatment is sequentially subjected to medium-efficiency filtration, high-efficiency filtration and spray oxidizer disinfection. Specific embodiments of exhausting, aerating, heating, filtering, spraying and sterilizing are described in the above embodiments of the system of the present invention, and are not described herein.

While the fundamental principles, principal features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in all aspects, including those obvious to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The underground space high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system is characterized by comprising a pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (2), wherein at least one end of the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (2) is connected with an air port (3) with a primary filter, any position on the pollution area negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (2) is communicated with an inlet end of a high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipeline (4), an outlet end of the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipeline (4) is connected with an inlet end of an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) through an electric backflow prevention valve (7), and an outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) is connected with an extraction opening of a high-efficiency variable frequency fan (10); the two ends of the high-resistance ventilating duct (4) with the heat insulation and insulation layer are electrically connected to a power supply;

the exhaust port of the efficient variable frequency fan (10) is connected to the air inlet of a microporous aerator (12) in the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfection water tank (11), the microporous aerator (12) is provided with a plurality of air outlet micropores, and air flow discharged by each air outlet micropore forms small bubbles to enter the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration disinfection water tank (11), and the small bubbles are fully contacted with the chlorine-containing disinfectant, so that at least one part of virus aerosol particles in the bubbles is absorbed by the chlorine-containing disinfectant;

the exhaust port of the chlorine-containing disinfectant aeration sterilizing water tank (11) is connected to a chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31), the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31) is connected to a humidifying pump (35), and the humidifying pump (35) enables chlorine-containing disinfectant to flow out of the upper part of the wet film humidifier of the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31), slowly flow down along the surface of the wet film and infiltrate the whole wet film; the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31) is sealed in Fang Fengguan (30);

A temperature layering flow guiding device (32) is arranged between the high-temperature electric heating section (13) and the high-temperature water heating section (14) in the Fang Fengguan (30); the temperature layering flow guiding device (32) is used for realizing the position replacement of upper and lower air flows so as to eliminate the coanda air flow and strengthen the heat exchange and avoid the influence of part of the air flow on the disinfection effect due to no heating;

The temperature layering flow guiding device (32) comprises an upper-layer high-temperature air guiding pipe (32-1), a lower-layer low-temperature air guiding pipe (32-2) and a central compression air duct (32-3); the air flow with the wall at the lower part of the air duct is compressed by the air duct section reduction and then led to the downstream high position through the lower low-temperature air duct (32-2), the air flow with the wall at the upper part of the air duct is compressed and accelerated through the upper high-temperature air duct (32-1) and then led to the downstream low position, and the air flows with the wall at the two sides are blocked and compressed by the inclined sections (32-2-1) of the upper high-temperature air duct (32-1) and the lower low-temperature air duct (32-2) and then enter the central compression air duct (32-3) so as to eliminate the air flow with the wall and strengthen heat exchange.

2. The underground space high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system according to claim 1, wherein a high-temperature electric heating section (13) is arranged in the Fang Fengguan (30) and is close to the chlorine-containing disinfectant wet film humidifying sterilizer (31), and an air flow electric heater is arranged in the high-temperature electric heating section (13) and is suitable for heating air flow to above 65 ℃.

3. The underground space high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system according to claim 1, wherein a high-temperature water heating section (14) is arranged in the Fang Fengguan (30) and is adjacent to the high-temperature electric heating section (13), high-temperature water coils which are arranged in a staggered manner are arranged in the high-temperature water heating section (14), and two ports of the high-temperature water coils are respectively communicated with two hot water pipes (24) to form a hot water circulation pipeline.

4. The underground space high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system according to claim 1, wherein a medium-efficiency filtering section (17), a high-efficiency filtering section (18) and a spraying disinfection section (19) are sequentially arranged in the Fang Fengguan (30) close to the high-temperature water heating section (14); the efficient filter section (17) is used for performing efficient filtration on the air flow after the high-temperature water heating section (14) is killed, the efficient filter section (18) is used for performing efficient filtration on the air flow after the efficient filtration in the efficient filter section (17), and the spraying and killing section (19) is used for spraying and killing hydrogen peroxide on the air flow after the efficient filtration in the efficient filter section (18).

5. The underground space high-pollution exhaust multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature control module (29) is arranged on the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipeline (4), and the temperature control module (29) comprises a first controller and a temperature sensor arranged on the inner wall of the high-resistance heat-insulating layer ventilation pipeline (4); the first controller is pre-stored with preset temperature, and is suitable for controlling the on-off of the power supply according to the comparison result of the real-time detection value of the temperature sensor and the preset temperature value so as to maintain the temperature of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline (4) with the heat insulation and insulation layer within the preset temperature range.

6. The multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification method for high-pollution exhaust of underground space is applied to the multi-flow comprehensive disinfection and purification system for high-pollution exhaust of underground space as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Firstly, monitoring the air quality in a virus-polluted building space in real time, if the air quality does not reach the standard, sequentially draining the air in the virus-polluted building space to an outdoor square air pipe (30) through a negative pressure metal ventilating pipe (2) in a pollution area, a high-resistance ventilating pipe (4) with a heat insulation layer and an outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipe (9), and electrifying and heating the high-resistance ventilating pipe (4) with the heat insulation layer to kill viruses attached to the pipe wall at a high temperature; an efficient variable frequency fan (10) is arranged in the Fang Fengguan (30), and the outlet end of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) is connected to the extraction opening of the efficient variable frequency fan (10) to generate negative pressure on a drainage pipeline; an electric backflow prevention valve (7) is arranged at the joint of the high-resistance ventilating pipeline (4) with the heat-insulating layer and the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipeline (9), and the electric backflow prevention valve (7) is automatically closed when the high-efficiency variable frequency fan (10) is stopped, so that air flow is effectively prevented from flowing back into the ventilating pipeline (4) with the heat-insulating layer from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilating pipeline (9); an electric pressure measuring and relieving valve (8) is connected to the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) near the joint of the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9) and the high-resistance ventilating pipe with the heat insulation layer (4), and is used for measuring the air pressure in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9), when positive pressure occurs in the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9), the electric pressure measuring and relieving valve (8) is opened to relieve pressure, and air flow is prevented from flowing back into the ventilating pipe with the high-resistance ventilating pipe with the heat insulation layer (4) from the outdoor negative pressure metal ventilation pipe (9);

step two, at least one of the following disinfection treatment modes is carried out on the air flow flowing through the step Fang Fengguan (30): aeration disinfection of chlorine-containing disinfectant, wet film humidification disinfection of chlorine-containing disinfectant, high-temperature electric heating disinfection and high-temperature water heating disinfection; the air flow after the disinfection treatment is sequentially subjected to medium-efficiency filtration, high-efficiency filtration and spray oxidizer disinfection.