CN111998430A - Self-defrosting air source heat pump unit and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-defrosting air source heat pump unit and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111998430A CN111998430A CN202010949120.1A CN202010949120A CN111998430A CN 111998430 A CN111998430 A CN 111998430A CN 202010949120 A CN202010949120 A CN 202010949120A CN 111998430 A CN111998430 A CN 111998430A
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump heat supply, and provides a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit and an operation method thereof. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit comprises a heat taking system, a heat supply system and a defrosting system, wherein the heat taking system comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline of a three-medium heat exchanger which is connected to form a circulation loop, a compressor, a heat release pipeline of the heat pump heat exchanger and a throttling device; the heat supply system comprises a user heat source pipeline, a first circulating pump and a user pipeline on a user side, wherein the user heat source pipeline is connected with a heat pump heat exchanger forming a circulating loop; the defrosting system comprises a defrosting pipeline, a first adjusting valve, a defrosting heat source pipeline and a second circulating pump, wherein the defrosting pipeline is connected with the three-medium heat exchanger to form a circulating loop, the first adjusting valve is used for adjusting the on-off state of the defrosting pipeline, and the defrosting pipeline releases heat to the three-medium heat exchanger to be used for defrosting. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit provided by the invention has the advantages that the three-medium heat exchanger replaces the two-medium air-cooled heat exchanger, and defrosting and direct expansion heat taking adopt different loops, so that fluid mixing is avoided, and self-defrosting is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump heat supply, in particular to a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit and an operation method thereof.
Background
The air source heat pump unit is used as an efficient heat supply air conditioning device and is widely used for preparing heat supply hot water in winter. However, in many areas, particularly in areas where the outdoor air temperature is low and the humidity is high, there is a problem that the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger is frosted. The existing defrosting scheme of the air-cooled heat exchanger mainly comprises the steps of reverse defrosting of a refrigerant, hot gas bypass defrosting, heat storage defrosting and the like, wherein the reverse defrosting of the refrigerant often influences the heating effect of a user side; the hot gas bypass and the heat accumulation defrosting can relieve the fluctuation of the indoor temperature to a certain extent, but the heat required by the defrosting is basically from the electric energy of the compressor, and the defrosting energy consumption is higher.
An air source hot water unit in the related art is provided with a plurality of outdoor air-cooled heat exchange units, and when one outdoor air-cooled heat exchange unit needs defrosting, a small part of hot water prepared by the air source hot water unit is divided and introduced into the outdoor air-cooled heat exchange unit for defrosting; the outdoor hot water defrosting loop and the secondary refrigerant heat taking loop share the same medium channel of the outdoor air-cooling heat exchange unit, certain heat mixing loss is caused, pipelines and valves are complex to arrange, and the operation reliability of the system needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit provided by the invention has the advantages that the three-medium heat exchanger replaces the two-medium air-cooled heat exchanger, different loops are adopted for defrosting and heat taking, the self-defrosting of the direct expansion heat exchanger is realized, the possibility of fluid mixing is avoided, the pipeline structure is simplified, the heat transfer loss is reduced, the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit can meet the requirements of various heat exchange scenes, and the normal heat supply of a user side can not be influenced under the defrosting working condition.
The invention also provides an operation method of the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit comprises:
the heat taking system comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline, a compressor, a heat release pipeline and a throttling device, wherein the heat pump heat source pipeline is connected with a three-medium heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, and the heat pump heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the external environment;
the heat supply system comprises a user heat source pipeline, a first circulating pump and a user pipeline, wherein the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are connected to form a circulating loop, and the user heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the heat release pipeline to supply heat to the user pipeline;
the defrosting system comprises a defrosting pipeline, a first regulating valve, a defrosting heat source pipeline and a second circulating pump, wherein the defrosting pipeline is connected with the three-medium heat exchanger to form a circulating loop, the first regulating valve is used for regulating the on-off of the defrosting pipeline, and the defrosting pipeline is suitable for releasing heat to the three-medium heat exchanger so as to defrost; the defrosting heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the user heat source pipeline, or the user heat source pipeline is used as the defrosting heat source pipeline to supply heat to the defrosting pipeline;
the three-medium heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of parallel connection, each branch where the defrosting pipeline is located is provided with the first regulating valve, and the three-medium heat exchanger is provided with a fan.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the defrosting system comprises an intermediate heat exchanger, the intermediate heat exchanger comprises the defrosting heat source pipeline and an intermediate heat exchange pipeline which is suitable for supplying heat to the defrosting heat source pipeline, the intermediate heat exchange pipeline is connected with the user heat source pipeline, and a second regulating valve is arranged between the intermediate heat exchange pipeline and the user heat source pipeline.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first coolant main pipe, where the user heat source pipeline is located, is connected to the first circulation pump, and both ends of the first coolant main pipe are simultaneously connected to the intermediate heat exchange pipeline and the user pipeline.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the intermediate heat exchanger is a dividing wall heat exchanger.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the outlet end and the inlet end of the heat releasing pipeline are respectively connected with a first total inflow pipe and a first total outflow pipe, the compressor is arranged in the first total inflow pipe, each heat pump heat source pipeline is connected with one throttling device, and a branch of each heat pump heat source pipeline and the throttling device is connected between the first total inflow pipe and the first total outflow pipe in parallel.
According to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, an operation method of the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit applied to the above embodiment is provided, which includes a heat supply mode and a heat supply defrosting mode;
the heating mode is as follows: the heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor, the heat release pipeline and the throttling device are sequentially communicated, a refrigerant in the heat pump heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the external environment and then flows into the compressor, after the heat pump heat source pipeline is pressurized by the compressor, the refrigerant flows into the heat release pipeline and releases heat to the user heat source pipeline in the heat release pipeline, the refrigerant is depressurized by the throttling device and then flows back to the heat pump heat source pipeline, and the refrigerant flows in a circulating mode; the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are communicated, after a first secondary refrigerant in the user heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the heat release pipeline, the first secondary refrigerant flows into the user pipeline, the first secondary refrigerant releases heat in the user pipeline to supply heat to a user, the first secondary refrigerant flows back to the user heat source pipeline, and the first secondary refrigerant flows in a circulating mode; the first regulating valve is closed to stop operating the defrosting system;
the heating and defrosting mode is as follows: when the heat taking system comprises a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers, a part of heat pump heat source pipelines of the three-medium heat exchangers needing defrosting are called as first heat pump heat source pipelines, the first heat pump heat source pipelines correspond to the first defrosting pipelines, and the other part of heat pump heat source pipelines of the three-medium heat exchangers taking heat are called as second heat pump heat source pipelines; the throttling device corresponding to the first heat pump heat source pipeline is closed, so that the first heat pump heat source pipeline stops heat extraction; the second heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor, the heat release pipeline and the throttling device are communicated in sequence, and the second heat pump heat source pipeline is used for heat extraction; the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are communicated, and first secondary refrigerant circularly flows between the user heat source pipeline and the user pipeline so as to enable the user pipeline to release heat and supply heat to users; when the defrosting heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the user heat source pipeline, second refrigerating medium in the defrosting heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the user heat source pipeline and then flows into the first defrosting pipeline, the second refrigerating medium releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline, and the second refrigerating medium circulates until defrosting is finished; when the defrosting heat source pipeline is the user heat source pipeline, part of first secondary refrigerant in the user heat source pipeline flows to the first defrosting pipeline, the other part of the first secondary refrigerant flows to the user pipeline, the first secondary refrigerant releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline, and the first secondary refrigerant circularly flows until defrosting is finished;
wherein, the heat supply mode or the heat supply defrosting mode is operated, and the fans are operated.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the defrost system includes an intermediate heat exchanger, the second regulating valve is opened to communicate the intermediate heat exchange line with the user heat source line, a portion of the first coolant in the user heat source line flows into the intermediate heat exchange line, the second coolant in the defrost heat source line absorbs heat from the first coolant in the intermediate heat exchange line, and the first coolant releases heat and then flows back to the user heat source line.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:
the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit comprises a heat taking system, a heat supply system and a defrosting system, wherein the heat taking system comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline of a three-medium heat exchanger, a compressor, a heat release pipeline of the heat pump heat exchanger and a throttling device, the defrosting system comprises a defrosting pipeline of the three-medium heat exchanger, a second circulating pump, a first regulating valve and a defrosting heat source pipeline, the defrosting heat source pipeline can absorb heat from a user heat source pipeline of the heat supply system or the defrosting heat source pipeline is the user heat source pipeline of the heat supply system, and partial heat of the heat supply system can be introduced into the defrosting pipeline of the three-medium heat exchanger to defrost the three-medium heat exchanger. The three-medium heat exchanger replaces the traditional two-medium air-cooled heat exchanger, different loops are adopted for defrosting and heat taking, wherein a refrigerant in a heat taking system is directly expanded, namely directly exchanges heat with the outside, so that the self-defrosting of the direct expansion heat exchanger is realized, the possibility of fluid mixing is avoided, the pipeline structure is simplified, the heat transfer loss is reduced, and the three-medium heat exchanger can meet the requirements in various heat exchange scenes; and the arrangement of a plurality of groups of three-medium heat exchangers can ensure that normal heat supply to a user side is not influenced under the defrosting working condition.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; the difference from fig. 1 is that the defrost system is indicated with a dashed line to indicate that the defrost system is stopped and the heating mode is operated;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; the difference from the figure 1 is that the branch where the part of the three-medium heat exchanger is located is marked by a dotted line to indicate that the heat pump heat source pipeline of the part of the three-medium heat exchanger stops heat extraction and carries out defrosting according to the requirement, and a heat supply defrosting mode is operated;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; the difference from fig. 1 is that the intermediate heat exchanger is omitted;
wherein, … represents the branch where some three-medium heat exchangers are located and the user pipeline at the user side are omitted; the arrows in the figure illustrate the direction of flow of the first coolant.
Reference numerals:
100: a heat removal system; 200: a heating system; 300: a defrost system;
1: a three-medium heat exchanger; 2: a defrosting pipeline; 3: a heat pump heat source pipeline; 4: a throttling device; 5: a fan; 6: a second total outflow pipe; 7: an intermediate heat exchanger; 23: an intermediate heat exchange line; 24: a defrosting heat source pipeline; 8: a heat pump heat exchanger; 21: a heat release pipeline; 22: a user heat source pipeline; 9: a third total outflow pipe; 10: a user line; 11: a first regulating valve; 12: a defrosting branch; 13: a second main inflow pipe; 14: a compressor; 15: a second circulation pump; 16: a second regulating valve; 17: a first circulation pump; 18: a first coolant manifold; 19: a third main inflow pipe; 20: a third regulating valve; 25: a first total inflow pipe; 26: a first main outflow pipe.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
In an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit is provided, which includes a heat extraction system 100, a heat supply system 200, and a defrosting system 300, wherein the heat extraction system 100 absorbs heat from outside air and transfers the heat to the heat supply system 200, the heat of the heat supply system 200 is supplied to a user, and the defrosting system 300 defrosts the heat extraction system 100 to ensure normal operation of the heat extraction system 100.
The heat taking system 100 comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline 3 of the three-medium heat exchanger 1 which is connected to form a circulation loop, a compressor 14, a heat releasing pipeline 21 of the heat pump heat exchanger 8 and a throttling device 4, wherein the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 is suitable for absorbing heat from the external environment. The three-medium heat exchangers 1 are arranged in parallel, the three-medium heat exchangers 1 function as evaporators, refrigerant in the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 absorbs heat from air in the external environment and flows into the compressor 14, after the refrigerant is pressurized by the compressor 14, the refrigerant enters the heat release pipeline 21 (the heat pump heat exchanger 8 functions as a condenser) and releases heat to the heating system 200 in the heat release pipeline 21, then the refrigerant is depressurized by the throttling device 4 and flows back to the heat pump heat source pipeline 3, and the refrigerant circularly flows in the heat taking system 100 to circularly supply heat to the heating system 200.
The three-medium heat exchanger 1 is a heat exchanger capable of realizing random two-to-two direct heat exchange of air and two refrigerants, replaces a traditional two-medium air-cooled heat exchanger, and can meet the requirements of various heat exchange scenes. The defrosting method is applied to the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit, so that the equipment can be further simplified, the defrosting efficiency can be improved, the heat transfer loss can be reduced, and the defrosting of the direct expansion (direct expansion of the refrigerant, namely direct heat exchange between the refrigerant and the outside) heat exchanger can be realized. The three-medium heat exchanger 1 is provided with the fan 5, and the fan 5 can promote the heat exchange between the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 and the ambient air, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The heat pump heat exchanger 8 can be a tube-shell heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger and other two-medium heat exchangers. The throttle 4 may be an expansion valve or a capillary tube.
The heating system 200 comprises a user heat source line 22 connecting the heat pump heat exchangers 8 forming a circulation loop, the first circulation pump 17 and the user line 10 on the user side, the user heat source line 22 being adapted to absorb heat from the heat release line 21 to supply heat to the user line 10. The first coolant absorbs heat from the heat release pipeline 21 in the user heat source pipeline 22, and under the driving power of the first circulating pump 17, the first coolant circulates between the user heat source pipeline 22 and the user pipeline 10, the first coolant releases heat in the user pipeline 10 to supply heat to a user, the temperature of the first coolant in the user pipeline 10 can reach 40-45 ℃, and the first coolant can be used for heating in winter.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the defrosting system 300 includes a defrosting pipeline 2 connected to form a three-medium heat exchanger 1 of a circulation loop, a first adjusting valve 11 for adjusting on/off of the defrosting pipeline 2, a defrosting heat source pipeline 24, and a second circulating pump 15, where the defrosting heat source pipeline 24 is adapted to absorb heat from the heating system 200, when the first adjusting valve 11 is opened, a part of first coolant or a second coolant after heat exchange with a part of the first coolant in the heating system 200 is introduced into the defrosting pipeline 2 to release heat, and flows circularly under driving power of the second circulating pump 15, so as to defrost the three-medium heat exchanger 1.
The embodiment in which the defrosting heat source line 24 is provided:
the first embodiment: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the defrosting heat source pipeline 24 is one pipeline of the intermediate heat exchanger 7, the other pipeline of the intermediate heat exchanger 7 is an intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23, the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23 is connected with the user heat source pipeline 22 of the heat pump heat exchanger 8, and can supply part of the first coolant of the user heat source pipeline 22 to the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23, and the second coolant in the defrosting heat source pipeline 24 exchanges heat with the first coolant in the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23. It should be noted that the heat pump heat exchanger 8 mainly heats the user side, the user side heating usually uses hot water with higher temperature (that is, the first coolant is hot water), and the heat extraction system 100 and the defrosting system 300 are mainly installed outdoors, and the outdoor temperature is low and may be as low as below 0 ℃, so the second coolant used in the defrosting system 300 usually needs to be added with anti-freezing solution, and therefore the intermediate heat exchanger 7 is used for secondary heat exchange defrosting.
Wherein, a second regulating valve 16 is arranged between the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23 and the user heat source pipeline 22, and the second regulating valve 16 can regulate the medium flow, so as to conveniently regulate and control the operation state of the defrosting system 300. When the defrosting system 300 needs to defrost the frosted three-medium heat exchanger 1, the second regulating valve 16 is opened; when the three-medium heat exchanger 1 does not need defrosting, the second regulating valve 16 is closed. The intermediate heat exchanger 7 may be a dividing wall heat exchanger.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the user heat source pipeline 22 and the first circulation pump 17 are both disposed on the first coolant main pipe 18, and both ends of the first coolant main pipe 18 are connected in parallel with the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23 and the plurality of user pipelines 10. Specifically, the branch of the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23 is provided with the second regulating valve 16 to regulate the on-off and the flow of the branch of the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23, and the on-off of the second regulating valve 16 is consistent with the operation state of the defrosting system 300.
The second embodiment: the defrosting heat source pipeline may be a third heat exchange pipeline in the heat pump heat exchanger (at this time, the heat pump heat exchanger may be a three-way heat exchanger, such as a three-way plate heat exchanger, not shown in the figure), and the defrosting heat source pipeline may directly exchange heat with the user heat source pipeline in the heat pump heat exchanger. According to the embodiment, the number of the heat exchangers can be reduced, pipelines are saved, and the system is simplified.
In the above embodiment, the outdoor heat exchanger adopts a plurality of groups of three-medium heat exchangers 1, so that the refrigerant can exchange heat with air outside the outdoor heat exchanger, the second secondary refrigerant channel and the refrigerant channel are also contained inside the outdoor heat exchanger, and different loops are adopted for defrosting and heat absorption, so that the self-defrosting of the direct expansion heat exchanger is realized, the possibility of fluid mixing is avoided, the pipeline structure is simplified, and the heat transfer loss is reduced.
In the above embodiment, each branch where the defrosting pipeline 2 is located is provided with the first regulating valve 11, the branch is called a defrosting branch 12, the heat pump heat source pipelines 3 can simultaneously take heat, and when some three-medium heat exchangers need defrosting, other three-medium heat exchangers can still take heat, so that normal heat supply to users is not affected.
In another embodiment, the difference from the above-described embodiment is that, referring to fig. 4, the defrosting system 300 includes a defrosting pipe 2 connecting the three-medium heat exchanger 1 forming a circulation loop, a first adjusting valve 11 for adjusting the on/off of the defrosting pipe 2, a defrosting heat source pipe, and a second circulating pump 15, and the user heat source pipe 22 supplies heat to the defrosting pipe 2 as the defrosting heat source pipe. In the embodiment, the intermediate heat exchanger 7 in fig. 1 to 3 is omitted, and part of the first coolant is directly branched to the defrosting system 300 through the heat pump heat exchanger 8, so that the structure can be simplified. An antifreeze agent is often added to the first coolant at the user side to prevent the first coolant in the defrosting system 300 from being frozen by the influence of the external environment during the flowing process in the pipeline, so as to ensure the stable operation of the defrosting system 300.
In this embodiment, the first circulation pump 17 is disposed at the outlet end or the inlet end of the user heat source pipeline 22, and the first circulation pump 17 supplies the first coolant to the user pipeline 10 and the defrosting pipeline 2, respectively, so that the second circulation pump 15 can be omitted.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the outlet end and the inlet end of the heat releasing pipeline 21 are respectively connected to the first total inflow pipe 25 and the first total outflow pipe 26, the compressor 14 is disposed in the first total inflow pipe 25, the heat extraction system 100 includes a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers 1, each heat pump heat source pipeline 3 is connected to one throttling device 4, and the branch where each heat pump heat source pipeline 3 and the throttling device 4 are located is connected in parallel between the first total inflow pipe 25 and the first total outflow pipe 26. A plurality of three-medium heat exchangers 1 can simultaneously or partially simultaneously extract heat to meet the heat demand of the heating system 200. During operation, the medium circulation of each heat pump heat source pipeline 3 can be adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the throttling device 4 according to requirements.
It should be noted that, if the heat extraction system is provided with only one throttling device, the branch where each heat source pipeline of the heat pump is located may be provided with an adjusting valve for independently adjusting the opening of the branch, and the operating state of each heat source pipeline of the heat pump may also be adjusted.
In the above embodiment, each defrosting pipeline 2 is connected to a first regulating valve 11, the inlet end and the outlet end of the branch where the defrosting pipeline 2 and the first regulating valve 11 are located are respectively connected to a second total inflow pipe 13 and a second total outflow pipe 6, and the above-mentioned multiple branches are connected in parallel between the second total inflow pipe 13 and the second total outflow pipe 6. The second circulation pump 15 is located in the second total inflow pipe 13 or the second total outflow pipe 6, and both ends of the defrosting heat source pipeline 24 are connected to the second total inflow pipe 13 and the second total outflow pipe 6, respectively. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the defrosting heat source pipeline 24 is a pipeline of the intermediate heat exchanger 7, and as shown in fig. 4, the defrosting heat source pipeline may also be the user heat source pipeline 22 of the heat pump heat exchanger 8.
In the above embodiment, the inlet and outlet ends of the user pipeline 10 are respectively connected to the third total inflow pipe 19 and the third total outflow pipe 9. The first circulation pump 17 is located at the inlet end or the outlet end of the user heat source pipeline 22, two ends of the user heat source pipeline 22 are respectively connected with the third total inflow pipe 19 and the third total outflow pipe 9, and the user pipelines 10 on a plurality of user sides are connected in parallel between the third total inflow pipe 19 and the third total outflow pipe 9.
In the above embodiment, the third regulating valve 20 is provided in the branch of each user line 10 to independently regulate the medium flowing state of each user line 10. The first, second, and third regulating valves 11, 16, and 20 may be installed at various positions of each system, and may be selected as desired.
In another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 4, an operation method of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit suitable for the above embodiments is provided, which includes one of a heating mode and a heating defrosting mode; when defrosting is not needed, the heat pump unit can be only used for supplying heat, and the heat taking system 100 and the heat supply system 200 operate; when the three-medium heat exchanger 1 is frosted in a long-term operation heat-taking mode, for example, when part of the three-medium heat exchangers need defrosting and the other part of the three-medium heat exchangers still take heat, the heat-taking system 100, the defrosting system 300 and the heat-supplying system 200 are all operated. In this embodiment, in the heating mode and the heating defrosting mode, the fans 5 are both operated to improve the heat exchange efficiency.
Referring to fig. 2, heating mode: the heat pump heat source pipeline 3, the compressor 14, the heat release pipeline 21 and the throttling device 4 are sequentially communicated, refrigerant in the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 absorbs heat from the external environment and flows into the compressor 14, after being pressurized by the compressor 14, the refrigerant flows into the heat release pipeline 21 and releases heat to the user heat source pipeline 22 in the heat release pipeline 21, the refrigerant is depressurized by the throttling device 4 and then flows back to the heat pump heat source pipeline 3, and the refrigerant circularly flows; the user heat source pipeline 22, the first circulating pump 17 and the user pipeline 10 are communicated, the first coolant in the user heat source pipeline 22 absorbs heat from the heat release pipeline 21, flows into the user pipeline 10 and releases heat in the user pipeline 10 to supply heat to a user, and then flows back to the user heat source pipeline 22, and the first coolant circulates and flows. The first regulating valve 11 is closed and the second circulation pump 15 is closed to stop operating the defrost system 300, the second regulating valve 16 is also closed in fig. 2, the dashed path in fig. 2 represents an open circuit, i.e. the circuit is not running.
Referring to fig. 3, heating defrost mode: when the heat taking system 100 comprises a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers 1, a heat pump heat source pipeline 3 of a part of three-medium heat exchangers needing defrosting is called a first heat pump heat source pipeline, and a first throttling device corresponding to the first heat pump heat source pipeline is closed, so that the first heat pump heat source pipeline stops taking heat; the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 of the other part of the three-medium heat exchanger for taking heat is called a second heat pump heat source pipeline, and a second throttling device corresponding to the second heat pump heat source pipeline is opened; the three-medium heat exchanger 1 provided with the first heat pump heat source pipeline can be called as a first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is also provided with a first defrosting pipeline; the three-medium heat exchanger provided with the second heat pump heat source pipeline can be called as a second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is also provided with a second defrosting pipeline.
The second heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor 14, the heat release pipeline 21 and the second throttling device are communicated in sequence, and the second heat pump heat source pipeline is used for taking heat and supplying heat to the heat supply system 200; the user heat source pipeline 22, the first circulating pump 17 and the user pipeline 10 are communicated in sequence, and the first secondary refrigerant circularly flows between the user heat source pipeline 22 and the user pipeline 10 so that the user pipeline 10 supplies heat to a user; a first regulating valve of a defrosting branch where the first defrosting pipeline is located is opened, and the first defrosting pipeline, the first regulating valve, the defrosting heat source pipeline and the second circulating pump 15 are communicated; and the first regulating valve of the defrosting branch in which the second defrosting pipeline is positioned is closed.
Referring to fig. 3, when the defrosting heat source pipeline 24 is adapted to absorb heat from the user heat source pipeline 22, the second coolant in the defrosting heat source pipeline 24 absorbs heat from the user heat source pipeline 22 and flows into the first defrosting pipeline, the second coolant releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline and to the three-medium heat exchanger, and the second coolant circulates until defrosting is completed. Or, referring to fig. 4, when the defrosting heat source pipeline is the user heat source pipeline 22, a part of the first coolant in the user heat source pipeline 22 flows to the first defrosting pipeline, another part of the first coolant flows to the user pipeline 10, the first coolant releases heat to the three-medium heat exchanger in the first defrosting pipeline, and the first coolant circulates until defrosting is completed.
Referring to fig. 3, there may be a part of the three-medium heat exchanger 1 that stops operating completely, and neither heat extraction nor defrosting is performed. The three-medium heat exchanger 1 can be adjusted in operation state according to requirements. The broken line in fig. 3 indicates the formation of an open circuit.
Therefore, referring to fig. 3, the self-defrosting of the direct expansion air source heat pump unit is realized, the defrosting and heat transfer link is simplified, the system structure is simplified, and the heat transfer loss is reduced. Considering that the defrosting of the three-medium heat exchanger 1 on the outdoor side is performed intermittently, it is possible to maintain the fluidity of the second coolant using the antifreeze, and the first coolant that directly supplies heat to the user side is generally hot water having a relatively high temperature, so the defrosting system 300 is separated from the heating system 200 on the user side using the partition wall heat exchanger, that is, the defrosting mode in fig. 3 is a mode of performing secondary heat exchange using the intermediate heat exchanger 7. Referring to fig. 4, the defrosting is performed by directly using the first coolant in the user heat source pipeline 22 of the heat pump heat exchanger 8, which is suitable for the case that the first coolant supplied to the user side is antifreeze, that is, the pipelines of the heating system 200 and the defrosting system 300 are both filled with antifreeze.
In one embodiment, when the defrost system 300 includes the intermediate heat exchanger 7, the second damper 16 is opened to communicate the intermediate heat exchange circuit 23 with the user heat source circuit 22, a portion of the first coolant in the user heat source circuit 22 flows into the intermediate heat exchange circuit 23, the second coolant in the defrost heat source circuit 24 removes heat from the first coolant in the intermediate heat exchange circuit 23, and the first coolant releases heat and then flows back to the user heat source circuit 22.
The operation method of the embodiment utilizes the three-medium heat exchangers 1 in the form of direct expansion of a plurality of refrigerants to absorb heat in air, ensures that heat is supplied to a user side continuously, and solves the defrosting problem of the air-cooled air source heat pump unit in the form of direct expansion; in addition, the device is simplified, and the system operation reliability is further improved.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a from defrosting formula air source heat pump set which characterized in that includes:
the heat taking system comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline, a compressor, a heat release pipeline and a throttling device, wherein the heat pump heat source pipeline is connected with a three-medium heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, and the heat pump heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the external environment;
the heat supply system comprises a user heat source pipeline, a first circulating pump and a user pipeline, wherein the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are connected to form a circulating loop, and the user heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the heat release pipeline to supply heat to the user pipeline;
the defrosting system comprises a defrosting pipeline, a first regulating valve, a defrosting heat source pipeline and a second circulating pump, wherein the defrosting pipeline is connected with the three-medium heat exchanger to form a circulating loop, the first regulating valve is used for regulating the on-off of the defrosting pipeline, and the defrosting pipeline is suitable for releasing heat to the three-medium heat exchanger so as to defrost; the defrosting heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the user heat source pipeline, or the user heat source pipeline is used as the defrosting heat source pipeline to supply heat to the defrosting pipeline;
the three-medium heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of parallel connection, each branch where the defrosting pipeline is located is provided with the first regulating valve, and the three-medium heat exchanger is provided with a fan.
2. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit of claim 1 wherein the defrosting system comprises an intermediate heat exchanger, the intermediate heat exchanger comprises the defrosting heat source pipeline and an intermediate heat exchange pipeline adapted to supply heat to the defrosting heat source pipeline, the intermediate heat exchange pipeline is connected to the user heat source pipeline, and a second regulating valve is arranged between the intermediate heat exchange pipeline and the user heat source pipeline.
3. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit according to claim 2, wherein the first circulating pump is connected to a first coolant header pipe where the user heat source pipeline is located, and both ends of the first coolant header pipe are simultaneously connected to the intermediate heat exchange pipeline and the user pipeline.
4. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate heat exchanger is a dividing wall heat exchanger.
5. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outlet end and the inlet end of the heat releasing pipeline are respectively connected with a first total outflow pipe and a first total inflow pipe, the compressor is arranged in the first total inflow pipe, each heat pump heat source pipeline is connected with one throttling device, and a branch of each heat pump heat source pipeline and the throttling device is connected between the first total inflow pipe and the first total outflow pipe in parallel.
6. An operation method applied to the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising a heat supply mode and a heat supply defrosting mode;
the heating mode is as follows: the heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor, the heat release pipeline and the throttling device are sequentially communicated, a refrigerant in the heat pump heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the external environment and then flows into the compressor, after the heat pump heat source pipeline is pressurized by the compressor, the refrigerant flows into the heat release pipeline and releases heat to the user heat source pipeline in the heat release pipeline, the refrigerant is depressurized by the throttling device and then flows back to the heat pump heat source pipeline, and the refrigerant flows in a circulating mode; the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are communicated, after a first secondary refrigerant in the user heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the heat release pipeline, the first secondary refrigerant flows into the user pipeline, the first secondary refrigerant releases heat in the user pipeline to supply heat to a user, the first secondary refrigerant flows back to the user heat source pipeline, and the first secondary refrigerant flows in a circulating mode; the first regulating valve is closed to stop operating the defrosting system;
the heating and defrosting mode is as follows: when the heat taking system comprises a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers, a part of heat pump heat source pipelines of the three-medium heat exchangers needing defrosting are called as first heat pump heat source pipelines, the first heat pump heat source pipelines correspond to the first defrosting pipelines, and the other part of heat pump heat source pipelines of the three-medium heat exchangers taking heat are called as second heat pump heat source pipelines; the throttling device corresponding to the first heat pump heat source pipeline is closed, so that the first heat pump heat source pipeline stops heat extraction; the second heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor, the heat release pipeline and the throttling device are communicated in sequence, and the second heat pump heat source pipeline is used for heat extraction; the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are communicated, and first secondary refrigerant circularly flows between the user heat source pipeline and the user pipeline so as to enable the user pipeline to release heat and supply heat to users; when the defrosting heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the user heat source pipeline, second refrigerating medium in the defrosting heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the user heat source pipeline and then flows into the first defrosting pipeline, the second refrigerating medium releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline, and the second refrigerating medium circulates until defrosting is finished; when the defrosting heat source pipeline is the user heat source pipeline, part of first secondary refrigerant in the user heat source pipeline flows to the first defrosting pipeline, the other part of the first secondary refrigerant flows to the user pipeline, the first secondary refrigerant releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline, and the first secondary refrigerant circularly flows until defrosting is finished;
wherein, the heat supply mode or the heat supply defrosting mode is operated, and the fans are operated.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein when the defrost system includes an intermediate heat exchanger and a second control valve is opened to communicate the intermediate heat exchange line with the user heat source line, a portion of the first coolant in the user heat source line flows into the intermediate heat exchange line, the second coolant in the defrost heat source line absorbs heat from the first coolant in the intermediate heat exchange line, and the first coolant releases heat and then flows back to the user heat source line.
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| CN111998430B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
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