CN111998430B - Self-defrosting air source heat pump unit and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-defrosting air source heat pump unit and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111998430B CN111998430B CN202010949120.1A CN202010949120A CN111998430B CN 111998430 B CN111998430 B CN 111998430B CN 202010949120 A CN202010949120 A CN 202010949120A CN 111998430 B CN111998430 B CN 111998430B
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump heat supply, and provides a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit and an operation method thereof. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit comprises a heat taking system, a heat supply system and a defrosting system, wherein the heat taking system comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline, a compressor, a heat release pipeline and a throttling device, wherein the heat pump heat source pipeline is connected with a three-medium heat exchanger forming a circulation loop; the heat supply system comprises a user heat source pipeline connected with a heat pump heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, a first circulation pump and a user pipeline at a user side; the defrosting system comprises a defrosting pipeline connected with the three-medium heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, a first regulating valve for regulating the on-off of the defrosting pipeline, a defrosting heat source pipeline and a second circulating pump, and the defrosting pipeline releases heat to the three-medium heat exchanger for defrosting. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit provided by the invention has the advantages that the three-medium heat exchanger replaces the two-medium air-cooled heat exchanger, and different loops are adopted for defrosting and direct expansion heat taking, so that fluid mixing is avoided, and self-defrosting is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump heat supply, in particular to a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit and an operation method thereof.
Background
The air source heat pump unit is used as a high-efficiency heat supply air conditioning device and is widely used for preparing hot water in winter. However, in many areas, particularly in areas with low outdoor air temperature and high humidity, there is a problem of frosting of the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger. The existing defrosting scheme of the air-cooled heat exchanger mainly comprises refrigerant reverse defrosting, hot gas bypass defrosting, heat storage defrosting and the like, and the refrigerant reverse defrosting often affects the heating effect of a user side; the hot gas bypass and the heat accumulation defrosting can alleviate the fluctuation of indoor temperature to a certain extent, but the heat required by defrosting is basically from the electric energy of the compressor, and the defrosting energy consumption is higher.
An air source hot water unit in the related art is provided with a plurality of outdoor air-cooled heat exchange units, and when a certain outdoor air-cooled heat exchange unit needs defrosting, a small part of hot water prepared by the air source hot water unit is shunted and introduced into the outdoor air-cooled heat exchange unit for defrosting; the outdoor side hot water defrosting loop and the secondary refrigerant heat taking loop share a medium channel of the same outdoor air-cooled heat exchange unit, so that certain heat blending loss exists, the pipeline and the valve are arranged in a complex manner, and the running reliability of the system needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit, the three-medium heat exchanger replaces the two-medium air-cooled heat exchanger, and the defrosting and the heat taking adopt different loops, so that the self-defrosting of the direct expansion heat exchanger is realized, the possibility of fluid mixing is avoided, the pipeline structure is simplified, the heat transfer loss is reduced, the requirements under various heat exchange scenes can be met, and the normal heat supply of a user side is not influenced under the defrosting working condition.
The invention also provides an operation method of the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit includes:
the heat extraction system comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline connected with a three-medium heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, a compressor, a heat release pipeline of the heat pump heat exchanger and a throttling device, wherein the heat pump heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the external environment;
A heat supply system including a user heat source line connected to the heat pump heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, a first circulation pump, and a user line on a user side, the user heat source line being adapted to absorb heat from the heat release line to supply heat to the user line;
The defrosting system comprises a defrosting pipeline connected with the three-medium heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, a first regulating valve used for regulating the on-off of the defrosting pipeline, a defrosting heat source pipeline and a second circulating pump, and the defrosting pipeline is suitable for releasing heat to the three-medium heat exchanger for defrosting; the defrosting heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the user heat source pipeline, or the user heat source pipeline is used as the defrosting heat source pipeline to supply heat for the defrosting pipeline;
the three-medium heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of parallel connection units, each branch circuit where the defrosting pipeline is located is provided with a first regulating valve, and the three-medium heat exchanger is provided with a fan.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the defrosting system comprises an intermediate heat exchanger comprising the defrosting heat source line and an intermediate heat exchange line adapted to supply heat to the defrosting heat source line, the intermediate heat exchange line being connected to the user heat source line, a second regulating valve being arranged between the intermediate heat exchange line and the user heat source line.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first circulating pump is connected to a first refrigerant main pipe where the user heat source pipeline is located, and two ends of the first refrigerant main pipe are simultaneously connected to the intermediate heat exchange pipeline and the user pipeline.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the intermediate heat exchanger is a dividing wall heat exchanger.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the outlet end and the inlet end of the heat release pipeline are respectively connected with a first total outflow pipe and a first total inflow pipe, the compressor is arranged on the first total inflow pipe, each heat pump heat source pipeline is connected with one throttling device, and a branch where each heat pump heat source pipeline and the throttling device are located is connected in parallel between the first total inflow pipe and the first total outflow pipe.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method applied to the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit described in the above embodiment, including a heating mode and a heating defrosting mode;
The heating mode: the heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor, the heat release pipeline and the throttling device are sequentially communicated, the refrigerant in the heat pump heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the external environment and flows into the compressor, after being pressurized by the compressor, the refrigerant flows into the heat release pipeline and releases heat to the user heat source pipeline in the heat release pipeline, the refrigerant returns to the heat pump heat source pipeline after being depressurized by the throttling device, and the refrigerant circularly flows; the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are communicated, after the first refrigerating medium in the user heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the heat release pipeline, the first refrigerating medium flows into the user pipeline, the first refrigerating medium releases heat in the user pipeline to supply heat to a user, the first refrigerating medium flows back to the user heat source pipeline, and the first refrigerating medium circularly flows; the first regulating valve is closed to stop operating the defrost system;
The heating defrosting mode: when the heat extraction system comprises a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers, one part of heat pump heat source pipelines of the three-medium heat exchangers needing defrosting is called a first heat pump heat source pipeline, the first heat pump heat source pipeline corresponds to a first defrosting pipeline, and the other part of heat pump heat source pipelines of the three-medium heat exchangers carrying out heat extraction is called a second heat pump heat source pipeline; closing the throttling device corresponding to the first heat pump heat source pipeline so as to stop the first heat pump heat source pipeline from taking heat; the second heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor, the heat release pipeline and the throttling device are sequentially communicated, and the second heat pump heat source pipeline is used for taking heat; the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are communicated, and a first secondary refrigerant circularly flows between the user heat source pipeline and the user pipeline so as to enable the user pipeline to release heat and supply heat for a user; the first regulating valve of the branch circuit where the first defrosting pipeline is located is opened, the first defrosting pipeline, the first regulating valve of the branch circuit where the first defrosting pipeline is located, the defrosting heat source pipeline and the second circulating pump are communicated, when the defrosting heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the user heat source pipeline, a second refrigerating medium in the defrosting heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the user heat source pipeline and flows into the first defrosting pipeline, the second refrigerating medium releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline, and the second refrigerating medium circularly flows until defrosting is completed; when the defrosting heat source pipeline is the user heat source pipeline, part of the first refrigerating medium in the user heat source pipeline flows to the first defrosting pipeline, the other part of the first refrigerating medium flows to the user pipeline, the first refrigerating medium releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline, and the first refrigerating medium circularly flows until defrosting is completed;
wherein, the heat supply mode or the heat supply defrosting mode is operated, and the fans are all operated.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the defrost system includes an intermediate heat exchanger, a second regulator valve is opened to communicate an intermediate heat exchange line with the user heat source line, a portion of the first coolant in the user heat source line flows into the intermediate heat exchange line, the second coolant in the defrost heat source line absorbs heat from the first coolant in the intermediate heat exchange line, and the first coolant returns to the user heat source line after releasing heat.
The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:
the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit comprises a heat taking system, a heat supply system and a defrosting system, wherein the heat taking system comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline of a three-medium heat exchanger, a compressor, a heat release pipeline of the heat pump heat exchanger and a throttling device, the defrosting system comprises a defrosting pipeline of the three-medium heat exchanger, a second circulating pump, a first regulating valve and a defrosting heat source pipeline, the defrosting heat source pipeline can absorb heat from a user heat source pipeline of the heat supply system or is a user heat source pipeline of the heat supply system, and part of heat of the heat supply system can be led into the defrosting pipeline of the three-medium heat exchanger to defrost the three-medium heat exchanger. The three-medium heat exchanger replaces the traditional two-medium air-cooled heat exchanger, and different loops are adopted for defrosting and heat taking, wherein the refrigerant in the heat taking system is directly expanded, namely directly exchanges heat with the outside, so that the self defrosting of the direct expansion heat exchanger is realized, the possibility of fluid mixing is avoided, the pipeline structure is simplified, the heat transfer loss is reduced, and the heat exchanger can adapt to the requirements under various heat exchange scenes; and the arrangement of the multiple groups of three-medium heat exchangers can ensure that the normal heat supply to the user side is not influenced under the defrosting working condition.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; the difference from fig. 1 is that the defrost system is indicated by a dashed line to indicate that the defrost system is inactive and operating in a heating mode;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; the difference from fig. 1 is that the branch where part of the three-medium heat exchangers are located is marked by a dotted line to indicate that the heat pump heat source pipeline of the part of the three-medium heat exchangers stops taking heat and defrosting is carried out according to the requirement, and a heat supply defrosting mode is operated;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; the difference from fig. 1 is that the intermediate heat exchanger is omitted;
wherein, the '…' in the figure indicates that the branch circuit where some three-medium heat exchangers are positioned and the user pipeline at the user side are omitted; the arrows in the figure illustrate the direction of flow of the first coolant.
Reference numerals:
100: a heat extraction system; 200: a heating system; 300: a defrost system;
1: a three medium heat exchanger; 2: a defrost line; 3: a heat pump heat source pipeline; 4: a throttle device; 5: a blower; 6: a second main outflow pipe; 7: an intermediate heat exchanger; 23: an intermediate heat exchange pipeline; 24: a defrost heat source line; 8: a heat pump heat exchanger; 21: a heat release pipeline; 22: a user heat source pipeline; 9: a third main outflow pipe; 10: a user line; 11: a first regulating valve; 12: a defrost branch; 13: a second main inflow pipe; 14: a compressor; 15: a second circulation pump; 16: a second regulating valve; 17: a first circulation pump; 18: a first coolant header; 19: a third main inflow pipe; 20: a third regulating valve; 25: a first total inflow pipe; 26: a first total outflow pipe.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present invention will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art. The terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
An embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, provides a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit, which includes a heat extraction system 100, a heat supply system 200 and a defrosting system 300, wherein the heat extraction system 100 absorbs heat from outside air and transfers the heat to the heat supply system 200, the heat of the heat supply system 200 is supplied to a user side, and the defrosting system 300 defrost the heat extraction system 100, so that the normal operation of the heat extraction system 100 is ensured.
The heat extraction system 100 comprises a heat pump heat source line 3 connecting the three-medium heat exchanger 1 forming a circulation loop, a compressor 14, a heat release line 21 of the heat pump heat exchanger 8 and a throttle device 4, the heat pump heat source line 3 being adapted to absorb heat from the external environment. The three-medium heat exchangers 1 are arranged in parallel, the three-medium heat exchanger 1 plays a role of an evaporator, the refrigerant in the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 absorbs heat from the air in the external environment, flows into the compressor 14, is pressurized by the compressor 14, enters the heat release pipeline 21 (the heat pump heat exchanger 8 plays a role of a condenser) and releases heat to the heat supply system 200 in the heat release pipeline 21, then flows back to the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 after being depressurized by the throttling device 4, and circularly flows in the heat taking system 100 to circularly supply heat to the heat supply system 200.
The three-medium heat exchanger 1 is a heat exchanger capable of realizing arbitrary two-by-two direct heat exchange between air and two refrigerants, and can be used for replacing the traditional two-medium air-cooled heat exchanger, so that the three-medium heat exchanger can meet the requirements in various heat exchange scenes. The self-defrosting air source heat pump unit can be applied to the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit of the embodiment, so that equipment can be further simplified, defrosting efficiency can be improved, heat transfer loss can be reduced, and defrosting of a direct expansion (direct expansion of a refrigerant, namely direct heat exchange between the refrigerant and the outside) heat exchanger can be realized. The three-medium heat exchanger 1 is provided with the fan 5, and the fan 5 can promote heat exchange between the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 and ambient air, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The heat pump heat exchanger 8 can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger and other two-medium heat exchangers. The restriction 4 may be an expansion valve or a capillary tube.
The heating system 200 comprises a consumer heat source line 22 connecting the heat pump heat exchanger 8 forming a circulation loop, the first circulation pump 17 and the consumer line 10 on the consumer side, the consumer heat source line 22 being adapted to absorb heat from the heat release line 21 to supply heat to the consumer line 10. The first coolant absorbs heat from the heat release pipeline 21 in the user heat source pipeline 22, and circulates between the user heat source pipeline 22 and the user pipeline 10 under the driving power of the first circulating pump 17, and releases heat in the user pipeline 10 to supply heat to a hot user, wherein the temperature of the first coolant in the user pipeline 10 can reach 40-45 ℃, and the first coolant can be used for heating in winter.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the defrosting system 300 includes a defrosting line 2 connected to the three-medium heat exchanger 1 forming a circulation loop, a first regulating valve 11 for regulating on/off of the defrosting line 2, a defrosting heat source line 24, and a second circulation pump 15, the defrosting heat source line 24 being adapted to absorb heat from the heating system 200, and when the first regulating valve 11 is opened, a portion of the first coolant or the second coolant after exchanging heat with a portion of the first coolant in the heating system 200 is introduced into the defrosting line 2 to release heat and circulated under the driving power of the second circulation pump 15 to defrost the three-medium heat exchanger 1.
Embodiments in which defrost heat source line 24 is provided:
First embodiment: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the defrosting heat source line 24 is one of the intermediate heat exchangers 7, the other of the intermediate heat exchangers 7 is an intermediate heat exchange line 23, the intermediate heat exchange line 23 is connected to the user heat source line 22 of the heat pump heat exchanger 8, and is capable of supplying a portion of the first coolant in the user heat source line 22 to the intermediate heat exchange line 23, and the second coolant in the defrosting heat source line 24 exchanges heat with the first coolant in the intermediate heat exchange line 23. It should be noted that, the heat pump heat exchanger 8 mainly supplies heat to the user side, the user side usually uses hot water with a relatively high temperature (i.e., the first coolant is hot water), while the heat taking system 100 and the defrosting system 300 are mainly configured to be installed outdoors, and the outdoor temperature is relatively low and may be lower than 0 ℃, so that the second coolant used in the defrosting system 300 usually needs to be added with an antifreeze solution, and therefore, the intermediate heat exchanger 7 is used for performing secondary heat exchange defrosting.
The second regulating valve 16 is disposed between the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23 and the user heat source pipeline 22, and the second regulating valve 16 can regulate the medium flow, so as to conveniently regulate and control the operation state of the defrosting system 300. When the defrost system 300 needs to defrost the frosted three medium heat exchanger 1, the second regulating valve 16 is opened; when the three-medium heat exchanger 1 does not need defrosting, the second regulating valve 16 is closed. The intermediate heat exchanger 7 may be a partition wall heat exchanger.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the user heat source line 22 and the first circulation pump 17 are both provided on the first coolant header 18, and the intermediate heat exchange line 23 and the plurality of user lines 10 are connected in parallel to both ends of the first coolant header 18. Specifically, the branch where the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23 is located is provided with a second regulating valve 16 to regulate the on-off and flow of the branch where the intermediate heat exchange pipeline 23 is located, and the on-off of the second regulating valve 16 is consistent with the operation state of the defrosting system 300.
Second embodiment: the defrosting heat source pipeline can be a third heat exchange pipeline in the heat pump heat exchanger (in this case, the heat pump heat exchanger can be a three-way heat exchanger, such as a three-way plate heat exchanger, which is not illustrated in the figure), and the defrosting heat source pipeline can directly exchange heat with the user heat source pipeline in the heat pump heat exchanger. The embodiment can reduce the number of heat exchangers, save pipelines and simplify the system.
In the embodiment, the outdoor heat exchanger adopts the plurality of groups of three-medium heat exchangers 1, the outside of the outdoor heat exchanger not only can exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air, but also comprises a second secondary refrigerant channel and a refrigerant channel, and different loops are adopted for defrosting and absorbing heat, so that the self-defrosting of the direct expansion heat exchanger is realized, the possibility of fluid mixing is avoided, the pipeline structure is simplified, and the heat transfer loss is reduced.
In the above embodiment, the branch where each defrosting pipeline 2 is located is provided with the first regulating valve 11, and this branch is called the defrosting branch 12, and the heat pump heat source pipelines 3 can simultaneously perform heat extraction, so that when some three-medium heat exchangers need to defrost, other three-medium heat exchangers can still perform heat extraction, and normal heat supply to users is not affected.
In another embodiment, the difference from the above embodiment is that, referring to fig. 4, the defrosting system 300 includes a defrosting line 2 connected to a three-medium heat exchanger 1 forming a circulation loop, a first regulating valve 11 for regulating the on-off of the defrosting line 2, a defrosting heat source line, and a second circulation pump 15, and the user heat source line 22 serves as a defrosting heat source line to supply heat to the defrosting line 2. The present embodiment omits the intermediate heat exchanger 7 of fig. 1-3 and simplifies the construction by directly diverting a portion of the first coolant to the defrost system 300 via the heat pump heat exchanger 8. The antifreeze is often required to be added into the first coolant at the user side, so as to avoid the first coolant in the defrosting system 300 from being frozen due to the influence of external environment in the flowing process in the pipeline, and ensure the stable operation of the defrosting system 300.
In this embodiment, the first circulation pump 17 is disposed at the outlet or inlet of the user heat source line 22, and the first circulation pump 17 supplies the first coolant to the user line 10 and the defrost line 2, respectively, and the second circulation pump 15 can be omitted.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the outlet end and the inlet end of the heat release pipeline 21 are respectively connected to the first total inflow pipe 25 and the first total outflow pipe 26, the compressor 14 is disposed in the first total inflow pipe 25, the heat extraction system 100 includes a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers 1, each heat pump heat source pipeline 3 is connected with a throttling device 4, and the branches where each heat pump heat source pipeline 3 and the throttling device 4 are located are connected in parallel between the first total inflow pipe 25 and the first total outflow pipe 26. The plurality of three-medium heat exchangers 1 can take heat at the same time or partially at the same time to meet the heat demand of the heating system 200. During operation, the medium circulation of each heat pump heat source pipeline 3 can be regulated by controlling the opening degree of the throttling device 4 according to the requirements.
It should be noted that if the heat extraction system is provided with only one throttling device, each branch of the heat source pipeline of the heat pump may be provided with an adjusting valve for independently adjusting the opening of the branch, and the operation state of each heat source pipeline of the heat pump may also be adjusted.
In the above embodiment, each defrost pipeline 2 is connected with a first regulating valve 11, the inlet end and the outlet end of the branch where the defrost pipeline 2 and the first regulating valve 11 are located are respectively connected with a second main inflow pipe 13 and a second main outflow pipe 6, and the aforementioned branches are connected in parallel between the second main inflow pipe 13 and the second main outflow pipe 6. The second circulation pump 15 is located at the second main inflow pipe 13 or the second main outflow pipe 6, and both ends of the defrosting heat source pipe 24 are connected to the second main inflow pipe 13 and the second main outflow pipe 6, respectively. Here, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the defrosting heat source line 24 is one line of the intermediate heat exchanger 7, and as shown in fig. 4, the defrosting heat source line may be the user heat source line 22 of the heat pump heat exchanger 8.
In the above embodiment, the inlet and outlet ends of the user line 10 are connected to the third main inflow pipe 19 and the third main outflow pipe 9, respectively. The first circulation pump 17 is located at an inlet end or an outlet end of the user heat source pipeline 22, two ends of the user heat source pipeline 22 are respectively connected with the third main inflow pipe 19 and the third main outflow pipe 9, and a plurality of user pipelines 10 at the user side are connected in parallel between the third main inflow pipe 19 and the third main outflow pipe 9.
In the above embodiment, the third adjusting valve 20 is disposed on the branch of each user pipeline 10 to independently adjust the medium circulation state of each user pipeline 10. The first, second and third regulating valves 11, 16 and 20 may be installed at various positions of each system, and may be selected as desired.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, there is provided an operation method of a self-defrosting air source heat pump unit adapted to the above embodiment, including one of a heating mode and a heating defrosting mode; when defrosting is not required, the heat pump unit may be used only for heating, and the heat taking system 100 and the heat supplying system 200 operate; when frosting occurs in the long-term operation heating mode of the three-medium heat exchanger 1, for example, when a part of the three-medium heat exchangers need defrosting and another part of the three-medium heat exchangers still perform heating, the heating system 100, the defrosting system 300 and the heating system 200 are all operated. In this embodiment, in both the heating mode and the heating defrost mode, the blower 5 is operated to improve the heat exchange efficiency.
Referring to fig. 2, the heating mode: the heat pump heat source pipeline 3, the compressor 14, the heat release pipeline 21 and the throttling device 4 are sequentially communicated, the refrigerant in the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 absorbs heat from the external environment and flows into the compressor 14, after being pressurized by the compressor 14, the refrigerant flows into the heat release pipeline 21, the refrigerant releases heat to the user heat source pipeline 22 in the heat release pipeline 21, the refrigerant returns to the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 after being depressurized by the throttling device 4, and the refrigerant circularly flows; the user heat source line 22, the first circulation pump 17, and the user line 10 are connected, and the first coolant in the user heat source line 22 flows into the user line 10 after absorbing heat from the heat release line 21 and releases heat in the user line 10 to supply heat to the user, and then flows back to the user heat source line 22, and the first coolant circulates. The first regulating valve 11 is closed and the second circulation pump 15 is closed to stop the operation of the defrost system 300, the second regulating valve 16 is also closed in fig. 2, the broken line path in fig. 2 representing a broken line, i.e. the line is not in operation.
Referring to fig. 3, the heating defrost mode: when the heat extraction system 100 includes a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers 1, a heat pump heat source pipeline 3 of a part of the three-medium heat exchangers requiring defrosting is referred to as a first heat pump heat source pipeline, and a first throttling device corresponding to the first heat pump heat source pipeline is closed so as to stop heat extraction of the first heat pump heat source pipeline; the heat pump heat source pipeline 3 of the three-medium heat exchanger for heat extraction at the other part is called a second heat pump heat source pipeline, and a second throttling device corresponding to the second heat pump heat source pipeline is opened; the three-medium heat exchanger 1 provided with the first heat pump heat source pipeline can be called a first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is also provided with a first defrosting pipeline; the three-medium heat exchanger provided with the second heat pump heat source pipeline can be called a second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is also provided with a second defrosting pipeline.
The second heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor 14, the heat release pipeline 21 and the second throttling device are sequentially communicated, and the second heat pump heat source pipeline is used for taking heat and supplying heat to the heat supply system 200; the user heat source pipeline 22, the first circulating pump 17 and the user pipeline 10 are sequentially communicated, and the first secondary refrigerant circulates between the user heat source pipeline 22 and the user pipeline 10 so that the user pipeline 10 supplies heat to the user; the first regulating valve of the defrosting branch where the first defrosting pipeline is located is opened, and the first defrosting pipeline, the first regulating valve, the defrosting heat source pipeline and the second circulating pump 15 are communicated; the first regulating valve of the defrosting branch where the second defrosting pipeline is located is closed.
Referring to FIG. 3, when the defrost heat source circuit 24 is adapted to absorb heat from the user heat source circuit 22, the second coolant in the defrost heat source circuit 24 flows into the first defrost circuit after absorbing heat from the user heat source circuit 22, the second coolant is in the first defrost circuit and releasing heat to the three-medium heat exchanger, and the second coolant circulates until defrost is completed. Or, referring to fig. 4, when the defrost heat source line is the user heat source line 22, a portion of the first coolant in the user heat source line 22 flows toward the first defrost line and another portion of the first coolant flows toward the user line 10, the first coolant releases heat in the first defrost line toward the three-medium heat exchanger, and the first coolant circulates until defrost is completed.
As shown in fig. 3, a part of the three-medium heat exchanger 1 may be completely stopped, and neither heat extraction nor defrosting is performed. The three-medium heat exchanger 1 can adjust the running state according to the requirement. The broken line in fig. 3 indicates that an open circuit is formed.
Therefore, referring to fig. 3, the self-defrosting of the direct expansion air source heat pump unit is realized, the defrosting heat transfer link is simplified, the system structure is simplified, and the heat transfer loss is reduced. In view of the fact that the defrosting of the outdoor side three-medium heat exchanger 1 is intermittently performed, it may be necessary to maintain the fluidity of the second coolant using an antifreeze solution, while the first coolant, which normally supplies heat directly to the user side, is hot water having a relatively high temperature, and therefore the defrosting system 300 is separated from the user side heating system 200 by a dividing wall heat exchanger, that is, the defrosting mode in fig. 3 is defrosting by performing secondary heat exchange using the intermediate heat exchanger 7. Referring to fig. 4, the first coolant in the user heat source line 22 of the heat pump heat exchanger 8 is directly utilized for defrosting, and is suitable for the case that the first coolant supplied to the user side is antifreeze, that is, the lines of the heating system 200 and the defrosting system 300 are filled with antifreeze.
In one embodiment, when the defrost system 300 includes the intermediate heat exchanger 7, the second regulator valve 16 is opened to communicate the intermediate heat exchange circuit 23 with the user heat source circuit 22, a portion of the first coolant in the user heat source circuit 22 flows into the intermediate heat exchange circuit 23, the second coolant in the defrost heat source circuit 24 absorbs heat from the first coolant in the intermediate heat exchange circuit 23, and the first coolant returns to the user heat source circuit 22 after releasing heat.
According to the operation method of the embodiment, a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers 1 in the form of direct expansion of the refrigerant are utilized to absorb heat in the air, so that the defrosting problem of the air-cooled air source heat pump unit in the form of direct expansion is solved while uninterrupted heat supply to a user side is ensured; in addition, the device is simplified, and the operation reliability of the system is further improved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not limiting of the present invention. While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and it is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of operating a self-defrost air source heat pump unit, the self-defrost air source heat pump unit comprising:
the heat extraction system comprises a heat pump heat source pipeline connected with a three-medium heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, a compressor, a heat release pipeline of the heat pump heat exchanger and a throttling device, wherein the heat pump heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the external environment;
A heat supply system including a user heat source line connected to the heat pump heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, a first circulation pump, and a user line on a user side, the user heat source line being adapted to absorb heat from the heat release line to supply heat to the user line;
The defrosting system comprises a defrosting pipeline connected with the three-medium heat exchanger forming a circulation loop, a first regulating valve used for regulating the on-off of the defrosting pipeline, a defrosting heat source pipeline and a second circulating pump, and the defrosting pipeline is suitable for releasing heat to the three-medium heat exchanger for defrosting; the defrost heat source line is adapted to absorb heat from the user heat source line;
the three-medium heat exchangers are arranged in parallel and are provided with a plurality of fans, and each branch where the defrosting pipeline is located is provided with the first regulating valve;
The operation method of the self-defrosting air source heat pump unit comprises a heat supply mode and a heat supply defrosting mode;
The heating mode: the heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor, the heat release pipeline and the throttling device are sequentially communicated, the refrigerant in the heat pump heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the external environment and flows into the compressor, after being pressurized by the compressor, the refrigerant flows into the heat release pipeline and releases heat to the user heat source pipeline in the heat release pipeline, the refrigerant returns to the heat pump heat source pipeline after being depressurized by the throttling device, and the refrigerant circularly flows; the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are communicated, after the first refrigerating medium in the user heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the heat release pipeline, the first refrigerating medium flows into the user pipeline, the first refrigerating medium releases heat in the user pipeline to supply heat to a user, the first refrigerating medium flows back to the user heat source pipeline, and the first refrigerating medium circularly flows; the first regulating valve is closed to stop operating the defrost system;
The heating defrosting mode: when the heat extraction system comprises a plurality of three-medium heat exchangers, one part of heat pump heat source pipelines of the three-medium heat exchangers needing defrosting is called a first heat pump heat source pipeline, the first heat pump heat source pipeline corresponds to a first defrosting pipeline, and the other part of heat pump heat source pipelines of the three-medium heat exchangers carrying out heat extraction is called a second heat pump heat source pipeline; closing the throttling device corresponding to the first heat pump heat source pipeline so as to stop the first heat pump heat source pipeline from taking heat; the second heat pump heat source pipeline, the compressor, the heat release pipeline and the throttling device are sequentially communicated, and the second heat pump heat source pipeline is used for taking heat; the user heat source pipeline, the first circulating pump and the user pipeline are communicated, and a first secondary refrigerant circularly flows between the user heat source pipeline and the user pipeline so as to enable the user pipeline to release heat and supply heat for a user; the first regulating valve of the branch circuit where the first defrosting pipeline is located is opened, the first defrosting pipeline, the first regulating valve of the branch circuit where the first defrosting pipeline is located, the defrosting heat source pipeline and the second circulating pump are communicated, when the defrosting heat source pipeline is suitable for absorbing heat from the user heat source pipeline, a second refrigerating medium in the defrosting heat source pipeline absorbs heat from the user heat source pipeline and flows into the first defrosting pipeline, the second refrigerating medium releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline, and the second refrigerating medium circularly flows until defrosting is completed; when the defrosting heat source pipeline is the user heat source pipeline, part of the first refrigerating medium in the user heat source pipeline flows to the first defrosting pipeline, the other part of the first refrigerating medium flows to the user pipeline, the first refrigerating medium releases heat in the first defrosting pipeline, and the first refrigerating medium circularly flows until defrosting is completed;
wherein, the heat supply mode or the heat supply defrosting mode is operated, and the fans are all operated.
2. The method of operating a self-defrost air source heat pump assembly of claim 1 wherein the defrost system includes an intermediate heat exchanger including the defrost heat source line and an intermediate heat exchange line adapted to provide heat to the defrost heat source line, the intermediate heat exchange line being connected to the consumer heat source line, a second regulating valve being provided between the intermediate heat exchange line and the consumer heat source line.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first circulating pump is connected to a first coolant manifold in which the user heat source line is located, and two ends of the first coolant manifold are simultaneously connected to the intermediate heat exchange line and the user line.
4. The method of operating a self-defrost air source heat pump assembly of claim 2 wherein the intermediate heat exchanger is a dividing wall heat exchanger.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an outlet end and an inlet end of the heat release pipe are connected to a first total outflow pipe and a first total inflow pipe, respectively, the compressor is disposed in the first total inflow pipe, each heat pump heat source pipe is connected to one of the throttle devices, and a branch where each heat pump heat source pipe and the throttle device are located is connected in parallel between the first total inflow pipe and the first total outflow pipe.
6. A method of operating a self-defrost air source heat pump assembly as recited in claim 1 wherein when said defrost system includes an intermediate heat exchanger, a second regulator valve is opened to communicate an intermediate heat exchange circuit with said user heat source circuit, a portion of said first coolant in said user heat source circuit flows into said intermediate heat exchange circuit, said second coolant in said defrost heat source circuit absorbs heat from said first coolant in said intermediate heat exchange circuit, and said first coolant releases heat before flowing back to said user heat source circuit.
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