CN111995658B - Ldv修饰的五环哌嗪二酮及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
Ldv修饰的五环哌嗪二酮及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111995658B CN111995658B CN201910448097.5A CN201910448097A CN111995658B CN 111995658 B CN111995658 B CN 111995658B CN 201910448097 A CN201910448097 A CN 201910448097A CN 111995658 B CN111995658 B CN 111995658B
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮,涉及它的合成方法,涉及它的抗血小板聚集活性,涉及它在大鼠颈动静脉旁路插管血栓形成模型的抗动脉血栓活性,涉及它在大鼠下腔静脉结扎模型的抗静脉血栓活性,涉及它降低血清GPIIb/IIIa含量的活性,进一步涉及它降低血清P-选择素含量的活性。因而本发明,涉及它在制备抗动脉血栓药物中的应用,涉及它在制备抗静脉血栓药物中的应用,以及涉及它在制备具有抗动脉血栓和抗静脉血栓双重作用的药物中的应用。本发明属于生物医药领域。
背景技术
动脉栓塞已成为目前发病率高和死亡率高的疾病之一。动脉血栓形成对暂时性脑缺血发作,急性冠状动脉综合症,心肌梗塞和心房颤动负责。在房颤中有18%-47%病人患有冠状动脉疾病,在伴随冠状动脉疾病的房颤患者中有大约20%接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗。动脉血栓形成还对人工心脏瓣膜,动静脉瘘和其他手术后的动脉血栓及不稳定型心绞痛负责。例如肝移植手术之后,患者面临肝脏动脉血栓风险。此外,抗磷脂综合症患者也面临动脉血栓风险。虽然肿瘤与静脉血栓的关联比与动脉血栓的关联广泛,但是对特殊恶性肿瘤及肿瘤治疗中动脉血栓包括外周动脉血栓发病的认识正在日益加深。动脉插管及缺血性中风则使得儿童动脉血栓病例日益增加。十多年前就开始警惕可卡因滥用导致的动脉血栓风险。
静脉栓塞已成为目前发病率高和死亡率高的疾病之一。后果最严重的静脉血栓主要是脑部静脉血栓和下肢深静脉血栓。脑部静脉血栓源自硬脑膜静脉窦道血栓形成和/或者脑部静脉纹理血栓形成,进而导致脑部静脉堵塞,颅压升高,脑部缺血或颅内出血。脑部静脉栓塞的标准治疗策略是口服抗凝剂。上/下肢深静脉血栓和肺部栓塞的发病率是0.1-0.2%。上/下肢深静脉血栓和肺部栓塞享有类似的风险因子。虽然肺部栓塞是上/下肢深静脉血栓的普遍并发症,但是肺部栓塞不容易诊断。因为肺部栓塞没有特征的临床信号。研究20年间超过4200万死亡者的身体状况发现,他们之中大约1.5%患肺部血栓。肺部栓塞是20万死亡者的死因。另一项研究发现,在血管造影确认的上/下肢深静脉血栓患者中也有50%以上肺部栓塞患者。上/下肢深静脉血栓可波及老年人,青年人及儿童。大量临床研究证明,肿瘤患者普遍并发上/下肢深静脉血栓,接受人工心脏瓣膜手术,静脉瘘手术和其他手术,以及器官移植手术的患者都面临静脉血栓风险。此外,静脉插管及缺血性中风则使得儿童静脉血栓病例日益增加。
因为病因不同,所以在传统观念下静脉血栓和动脉血栓被看作两种不同的疾病。最近的流行病学研究表明,静脉血栓和动脉血栓之间的关联性难以割断。这种状况可以归结于它们的风险因子相互重叠。这样一来,静脉血栓的预防和治疗便越来越受到重视。
直接口服抗凝剂是动脉血栓和静脉血栓临床治疗的唯一策略。尽管口服抗凝剂对动脉血栓和静脉血栓的疗效确切,但是都有出血副作用。例如在有效的口服剂量下,阿司匹林可诱发消化道出血或颅内出血。这种风险大幅度限制了患者的受益面。临床需要疗效可与阿司匹林媲美,又没有阿司匹林样消化道出血或颅内出血风险的药物。针对这个临床需求,国内外研究人员付出了大量心血。可是,一直取得没有实质性进展。
在抗血栓药物研究中,发明人发现下式左面的五环哌嗪二酮可抑制动脉血栓和静脉血栓形成。在后续研究中,发明人进一步发现在下式左面的五环哌嗪二酮的吡咯氮上引入CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val生成的下式右面的CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮的抗动脉血栓活性和抗静脉血栓活性更加优秀。根据这些发现,发明人提出了本发明。
发明内容
本发明的第一个内容是提供下式的CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮。
本发明的第二个内容是提供CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮的制备方法,该方法包括:
1)将L-色氨酸在浓硫酸催化下与甲醛进行Pictet-Spengler缩合,得到(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸;
2)将(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸与二碳酸二叔丁酯反应,得到N-叔丁氧基羰基-(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸;
3)将L-羟脯氨酸与二氯亚砜和甲醇反应得到羟脯氨酸甲酯;
4)采用二环己基碳二亚胺为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相方法合成3S-N-Boc-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-羟脯氨酸甲酯;
5)3S-N-Boc-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-羟脯氨酸甲酯在氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液中脱Boc,得到3S-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3酰基-羟脯氨酸甲酯;
6)在甲醇溶剂中,在N-甲基吗啉存在下由3S-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-羟脯氨酸制备2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮;
7)在二甲基甲酰胺中,在氢化钠催化下2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮与溴乙酸苄酯反应制备2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基乙酸苄酯;
8)在甲醇和二氯甲烷中用钯炭催化将2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基乙酸苄酯氢解为2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基乙酸;
9)2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基乙酸与Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl耦联制备2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基-CH2CO-Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl;
10)将2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基-CH2CO-Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl氢解制备CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮。
本发明的第三个内容是评价CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮的抗血小板聚集活性。
本发明的第四个内容是评价CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮的抗动脉血栓活性。
本发明的第五个内容是评价CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮的抗静脉活性。
附图说明
图1 i)甲醛,98%H2SO4;ii)(Boc)2O,二甲基甲酰胺,三乙胺;iii)二环己基碳二亚胺,1-羟基苯并三唑,四氢呋喃,N-甲基吗啉;iv)氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液(4M),0℃;v)甲醇,N-甲基吗啉;vi)氢化钠,二甲基甲酰胺,溴乙酸苄酯;vii)氢气,Pd/C,甲醇;viii)二环己基碳二亚胺,1-羟基苯并三唑,二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吗啉。
具体实施方式
为了进一步阐述本发明,下面给出一系列实施例。这些实施例完全是例证性的,它们仅用来对本发明进行具体描述,不应当理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1制备(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(1)
0℃将0.2mL浓H2SO4用200mL蒸馏水稀释。向内加2.04g(10mmol)L-色氨酸,搅拌使L-Trp充分溶解。往得到的溶液中滴加5mL甲醛水溶液(37%),室温搅拌6小时,TLC(乙酸乙酯/H2O/乙酸=4/1/1)显示L-Trp消失。0℃向反应混合物中加5mL浓氨水调pH至7,充分静置,过滤,得到2.05g(95%)标题化合物,为黄色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):217[M+H]+。
实施例2制备Boc-(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(2)
将2.16g(10mmol)(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(1)用25mL二甲基甲酰胺溶解,得到的化合物1的二甲基甲酰胺溶液于0℃用三乙胺调pH至10。将2.62g(12mmol)(Boc)2O用5mL二甲基甲酰胺溶解并加到化合物1的二甲基甲酰胺溶液中。得到的混合溶液用三乙胺调pH至10,室温搅拌100小时。TLC(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=15/1)显示化合物1消失。反应混合物减压浓缩,残余物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶解。得到的溶液依次用5%KHSO4水溶液洗(50mL×3)及饱和NaCl水溶液洗(50mL×3)。乙酸乙酯层用无水Na2SO4干燥12h,过滤,滤液减压浓缩。残留物用30mL乙酸乙酯溶解,静置6小时,使固体充分析出。过滤,得1.98g(62%)标题化合物,为浅黄色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):317[M+H]+。
实施例3制备Hyp-OMe
0℃向20mL甲醇缓慢滴加1.3mL二氯亚砜,并搅拌30min。之后向里加655mg(5mmol)Hyp,室温搅拌50小时。TLC(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=15/1)显示Hyp消失。反应混合物减压浓缩,残留物用10mL甲醇溶解并减压浓缩。该操作重复3次。残留物在5mL无水乙醚中超声,使分散均匀。放置,弃乙醚。该操作重复3次。得0.90g(99%)标题化合物,为无色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):146[M+H]+。
实施例4制备Boc-(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-Hyp-OMe(3)
将822mg(2.6mmol)Boc-(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(2)用15mL无水四氢呋喃溶解。0℃向溶液中依次加324mg(2.4mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,494mg(2.4mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺。搅拌30min。之后,加363mg(2mmol)Hyp-OMe并用N-甲基吗啉调反应液pH至9,室温搅拌10h,TLC(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=45/1)显示Hyp-OMe消失。反应混合物过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用50mL乙酸乙酯溶解。得到的溶液依次用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3)。乙酸乙酯层用无水Na2SO4干燥12h,过滤,滤液减压浓缩。得到的黄色油状物用硅胶柱层析纯化,用二氯甲烷-甲醇洗脱体系梯度洗脱(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=150/1-45/1)。得到450mg(51%)标题化合物,为黄色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):444[M+H]+。
实施例5制备(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-Hyp-OMe(4)
0℃将350mg(0.79mmol)Boc-(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-Hyp-OMe(3)用4mL氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液(4M)溶解,搅拌1h,TLC(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=45/1)显示3消失。反应混合物减压浓缩,残留物用10mL乙酸乙酯溶解。溶液再减压浓缩,残留物再用10mL乙酸乙酯溶解。该操作重复3次。残留物在10mL无水乙醚中超声,使分散均匀。放置,弃乙醚。该操作重复3次。得286mg(95%)标题化合物,为浅黄色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):344[M+H]+。
实施例6制备(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-1,2,3,5a,6,11,12,14a-八氢-5H,14H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-5,14-二酮(5)
0℃将200mg(0.53mmol)(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-Hyp-OMe(4)用4mLCH3OH溶解。溶液用N-甲基吗啉调pH至9,室温搅拌5h。期间,反应液中逐步析出淡黄色固体。过滤,得104mg(67%)标题化合物。Mp 204-205℃;ESI-MS(m/e):312[M+H]+;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=10.948(s,1H),7.481(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.336(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.070(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.992(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),5.209(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),4.498(m,1H),4.459-4.343(m,4H),3.807(dd,J1=4.8Hz,J2=12.9Hz,1H),3.401(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),3.231(m,1H),2.744(m,1H),2.155(dd,J1=6.0Hz,J2=12.3Hz,1H),1.992(dd,J1=4.5Hz,J2=12.3Hz,1H);
实施例7制备(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-5,14-二酮-2,3,5,5a,6,12,14,14a-八氢-1H,11H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-11-基-乙酸苄酯(6)
将300mg(0.96mmol)(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-1,2,3,5a,6,11,12,14a-八氢-5H,14H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-5,14-二酮(5)用13mL无水二甲基甲酰胺溶解。0℃下往得到的溶液加77mg(1.93mmol)氢化钠,搅拌5min。之后,加200μL溴乙酸苄酯,室温搅拌4h。之后,补加100μL溴乙酸苄酯室温搅拌3h。TLC(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=20/1)显示化合物5消失,终止反应。反应液先加15mL冰水,再用乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL×3)。乙酸乙酯层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗(50mL×3),用无水Na2SO4干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用硅胶柱层析纯化,用二氯甲烷-甲醇洗脱体系梯度洗脱(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=150/1-45/1),得245mg(55%)标题化合物,为黄色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):460[M+H]+;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=7.535(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.452-7.336(m,6H),7.093(m,2H),5.212-5.021(m,6H),4.498-4.305(m,4H),3.800(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),3.445-3.234(m,2H),2.767(m,1H),2.165(m,1H),1.971(m,1H)。
实施例8制备(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-5,14-二酮-2,3,5,5a,6,12,14,14a-八氢-1H,11H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-11-基-乙酸(7)
将100mg(0.22mmol)(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-5,14-二酮-2,3,5,5a,6,12,14,14a-八氢-1H,11H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-11-基-乙酸苄酯(6)用5mL甲醇和3mL二氯甲烷溶解。往溶液中加入10mg Pd/C,通氢气并室温搅拌2h,TLC(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=20/1)显示化合物6消失。滤除Pd/C,滤液减压浓缩,得61mg(76%)标题化合物,为黄色固体。Mp 134-135℃;ESI-MS(m/e):368[M-H]-;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=7.501(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.423(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.119(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.043(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.043-4.939(m,3H),4.516-4.305(m,4H),3.809(dd,J1=4.8Hz,J2=12.6Hz,1H),3.413(dd,J1=4.2Hz,J2=11.7Hz,1H),3.272(m,1H),2.796(m,1H),2.185(dd,J1=6.0Hz,J2=12.6Hz,1H),1.997(dd,J1=4.5Hz,J2=12.3Hz,1H);
实施例9制备Boc-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl
将1.615g(5mmol)Boc-Asp(OBzl)用15mL无水四氢呋喃溶解。0℃下往得到的溶液加0.75g(5.56mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑和1.133g(5.5mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺,搅拌30min。之后,加入1.340g(6mmol)Val-OBzl。用N-甲基吗啉调反应液的pH至9,室温搅拌10h。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)显示反应结束。过滤,滤液减压浓缩。残留物用50mL乙酸乙酯溶解,得到的溶液依次用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(20mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(20mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(20mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(20mL×3)及饱和NaCl水溶液洗(20mL×3)。乙酸乙酯层用无水Na2SO4干燥12h,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得2.41g(94%)标题化合物,为黄色油状物。ESI-MS(m/e):513[M+H]+。
实施例10制备Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl
0℃将2.05g(4mmol)Boc-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl用20mL氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液(4M)超声溶解,搅拌1h。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)显示反应结束。反应液减压浓缩,残留物加20mL无水乙酸乙酯溶解。溶液再减压浓缩,残留物加10mL无水乙醚超声震荡,使彻底悬浮,弃上清,得1.67g(93%)标题化合物,为浅黄色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):413[M+H]+。
实施例11制备Boc-Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl
用实施例9的方法从1.16g(5mmol)Boc-Leu 2.47g(5.5mmol)和Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl得2.60g(83%)标题化合物,为无色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):626[M+H]+。
实施例12制备Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl
用实施例10的方法从0.63g(1mmol)Boc-Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl得0.55g(98%)标题化合物,为浅黄色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):526[M+H]+。
实施例13制备(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-5,14-二酮-2,3,5,5a,6,12,14,14a-八氢-1H,11H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-11-基)乙酰-Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl(8)
将150mg(0.41mmol)(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-5,14-二酮-2,3,5,5a,6,12,14,14a-八氢-1H,11H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-11-基-乙酸(7)用5mL二甲基甲酰胺溶解。0℃向溶液中依次加60mg(0.44mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,92mg(0.45mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺。搅拌30min。之后,加250mg(0.45mmol)Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl并用N-甲基吗啉调反应液pH至9,室温搅拌10h,TLC(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=10/1)显示化合物7消失。吹干DMF,残留物用硅胶柱层析纯化,用二氯甲烷-甲醇洗脱体系梯度洗脱(CH2Cl2/CH3OH=150/1-10/1),得205mg(58%)标题化合物,为无色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):877[M+H]+;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=8.523-8.453(m,2H),8.004(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.489-7.312(m,12H),7.093(m,2H),7.095(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.021(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.206(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),5.173-5.008(m,6H),4.779(m,1H),4.194-4.146(m,2H),3.599(m,1H),3.412(m,1H),3.086(m,1H),2.823(m,1H),2.805(m,1H),2.715(m,1H),2.482(m,1H),2.067-1.992(m,2H),1.598(m,1H),1.475-1.429(m,2H),0.733-0.871(m,12H)。
实施例14制备(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-5,14-二酮-2,3,5,5a,6,12,14,14a-八氢-1H,11H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-11-基乙酰-Leu-Asp-Val(9)
用实施例8的方法从150mg(0.17mmol)(2S,5aS,14aS)-2-羟基-5,14-二酮-2,3,5,5a,6,12,14,14a-八氢-1H,11H-吡咯并[1”,2”:4',5']吡嗪并[1',2':1,6]吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-11-基)乙酰-Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl(8)得100mg(84%)标题化合物,为无色固体。Mp 170-171℃;ESI-MS(m/e):679[M-H]-;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=12.533(s,2H),8.646-8.448(m,2H),7.614(m,1H),7.540-7.372(m,2H),7.106(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.027(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.214(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),4.813(m,2H),4.532-4.316(m,5H),4.167(m,1H),3.789(m,1H),3.685-3.275(m,6H),4.600(s,2H),4.418-4.256(m,4H),4.185(m,2H),3.600(dd,J1=3.0Hz,J2=12.3Hz,1H),3.389(dd,J1=5.4Hz,J2=11.7Hz,1H),3.289(m,1H),3.228(m,1H),3.095(m,1H),2.690(m,1H),2.457-1.942(m,3H),1.605(m,1H),1.463(m,2H),0.874-0.780(m,12H);
试验例1评价化合物7和9的抗血小板聚集活性
健康雄性SD大鼠(200±20g)购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,氨基甲酸乙酯(乌拉坦,购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司),柠檬酸三钠(购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司),生理盐水(购自石家庄四药有限公司),花生四烯酸(AA,购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司)。化合物7和9用生理盐水配置成浓度为10μM,5μM和1μM的溶液;生理盐水为阴性对照;AA用生理盐水配制成浓度为0.3mg/mL的溶液;柠檬酸三钠用生理盐水配制成浓度为3.8%的溶液。
健康雄性SD大鼠两只(体重180-220g)静息一天,术前12h禁食。依据大鼠体重单次腹腔注射20%乌拉坦0.7mL/100g进行麻醉。将麻醉大鼠固定,分离右侧颈总动脉,将两根手术线从动脉下方穿过备用,将动脉远心端结扎,用动脉夹夹住动脉的近心端,用眼科剪在靠近远心端剪口,将聚乙烯管插入右侧动脉,用手术线扎紧接口处。在15mL离心管中按照1/9的比例加入3.8%的柠檬酸三钠水溶液抗凝,松开动脉夹,收集大鼠的新鲜血液10mL。将新鲜血液在15mL离心管中4℃ 1500rpm/min离心10min。小心吸取上层血浆,并用生理盐水稀释6倍,即为富血小板血浆(PRP)。将离心管中剩余血液成分以转速3000r/min离心10min。上清即为贫血小板血浆(PPP)。
开启CHRONO-700体外抗血小板聚集仪,预热30min,使预热孔温度达到37℃,将装有磁转子的玻璃小管插入预热孔预热5-10min,在玻璃小管中加500μL PPP放入仪器的PPP位置,另取一装有磁转子的玻璃小管加480μL PRP放入PRP位置,开启搅拌,仪器调零后向PRP管中加入10μL生理盐水或化合物7和9的生理盐水溶液,搅拌均匀后,再加10μL终浓度为0.3mg/mL的AA溶液。观察曲线发生变化,当曲线趋于平稳后停止运行,通过软件计算血小板抑制率,并计算IC50值。表1的数据说明化合物9抑制AA诱导的血小板聚集的IC50值是2.91±0.29μM,显著低于化合物7的IC50值(26.48±1.26μM,p<0.01)。修饰使化合物的活性增强9倍。本发明有突出的技术效果。
表1化合物7和9抑制AA诱导的血小板聚集活性
a)与化合物7比p<0.01;n=6。
试验例2评价化合物5,7和9的口服抗动脉血栓活性
将雄性SD大鼠(200±20g)随机分组,每组12只,饲养1天,停止喂食过夜。口服给予化合物5(剂量1μmol/kg),7(剂量1μmol/kg)和9(剂量0.1μmol/kg)与阿司匹林与5‰CMC-Na的悬浮液(剂量167μmol/kg)或5‰CMC-Na(剂量0.3mL/100g)。30min之后大鼠用20%乌来糖的生理盐水(0.7mL/kg)溶液麻醉,之后手术。分离大鼠的右颈动脉和左颈静脉,将准确称重的丝线置于旁路插管,管的一端插入左静脉,另一端管插入右侧动脉并注射0.2mL 肝素钠抗凝。使得血流从右侧动脉流经旁路插管进入左侧静脉,15min之后取出附有血栓的丝线称量,计算血液循环前后丝线的重量,得到的血栓重以均值±SD mg表示并作t检验。数据列入表2。
表2化合物5,7和9的口服抗动脉血栓活性
a)与CMC-Na比p<0.01,与阿司匹林比p>0.05;b)与CMC-Na比p<0.01,与阿司匹林比p<0.05;n=12。
试验例3评价化合物5,7和9的口服抗静脉血栓活性
健康雄性SD大鼠(200±20g)随机分组,每组12只;阳性对照华法林钠口服剂量为4.87μmol/kg,化合物5和7的口服剂量为1μmol/kg,化合物9的口服剂量为0.1μmol/kg,空白对照5‰的CMC-Na的口服剂量为0.3mL/100g。
按照剂量给药30分钟后,在大鼠腹腔注射20%乌拉坦进行麻醉。麻醉后的大鼠固定,腹部备皮,沿腹白线剪开,剪口上至可以看到肝脏的一角,下至凝固腺。把小肠等器官从腹腔内拖出,用浸润过生理盐水的纱布包裹拖出的器官,用弯镊钝性分离其余组织,暴露出下腔静脉。钝性分离出下腔静脉及其周围的分支,从肾静脉下方开始小心地将腹主动脉和下腔静脉剥离。在下腔静脉与左肾静脉的交汇处用浸润过生理盐水的缝合线结扎,按解剖位置将拖出的器官放回原处。用缝合线逐层缝合腹腔。手术完成后将大鼠室温护理4h,之后再打开腹腔,重新找到下腔静脉及其分支,将各分支逐个用缝合线结扎,找到下腔静脉与左肾静脉的交汇处的结扎位置,用眼科剪剪开一个开口,血栓会随着血液从开口处涌出,用弯镊取出血栓,并检查下腔静脉中的血栓是否都已取出。血栓全部取出后用滤纸蘸掉浮血,用天平称重并记录血栓重。数据用t检验。结果见表3。
表3化合物5,7和9的口服抗静脉血栓活性
a)与CMC-Na比p<0.01,与华法林钠比p>0.05;b)与CMC-Na比p<0.01,与化合物7和9比p<0.05;n=12。
试验例4评价化合物5,7和9对大鼠血清GPIIb/IIIa含量的影响
试验例3采集的大鼠的全血经1000rpm离心10min,收集血清,按照试剂盒描述的操作用大鼠GPIIb/IIIa酶联免疫实验测定血清中的GPIIb/IIIa含量。酶标包被板设GPIIb/IIIa标准品孔,CMC-Na治疗的大鼠血清孔,化合物5,7及9治疗的大鼠血清孔。标准品孔中加50μL不同浓度的GPIIb/IIIa标准品(用来自试剂盒的标准品稀释制备)。在CMC-Na治疗的大鼠血清孔,化合物5,7及9治疗的大鼠血清孔先加40μL样品稀释液,再加10μL血清(最终稀释度为5倍)。各孔再加100μL酶标试剂,用封板膜封板,置37℃温育60min。空白孔除外,用封板膜封板,置37℃温育60min。试剂盒提供的洗涤液用蒸馏水稀释20倍,备用。小心揭掉封板膜,弃液体,甩干,各孔加满洗涤液,静置30s后弃去洗涤液。该操作重复5次,拍干。各孔先加试剂盒提供的50μL显色剂A,再加试剂盒提供的50μL显色剂B,轻轻震荡,使混匀,37℃避光显色15min。之后,各孔加50μL试剂盒提供的终止液,终止显色反应(此时蓝色立转黄色),以空白孔为参照调零,在450nm波长下测各孔的吸光度。测定时设空白对照孔。空白对照孔除不加样品及酶标试剂外,其余各步操作不变。以GPIIb/IIIa准品的浓度为横坐标,吸光度值为纵坐标绘制GPIIb/IIIa标准曲线,模拟直线回归方程。将CMC-Na治疗的大鼠血清样品的吸光度,化合物5,7及9治疗的大鼠血清样品的吸光度代入方程式,计算血清样品中GPIIb/IIIa浓度。数据以均值±SD U/mL表示,经t检验,p<0.05即有统计学差异。结果列入表4。可以看出,化合物5,7及9有效地降低大鼠血清中GPIIb/IIIa含量。可见,GPIIb/IIIa是化合物5,7及9显示抗动脉血栓活性的靶点。这同样是本发明的突出的技术效果。
表4化合物5,7及9对大鼠血液中GPIIb/IIIa含量的影响
a)与CMC-Na比p<0.01;n=6。
试验例5评价化合物5,7和9对大鼠血清P-选择素含量的影响
试验例3采集的大鼠的全血经1000rpm离心10min,收集血清,按照试剂盒描述的操作用大鼠P-选择素酶联免疫实验测定血清中的P-选择素含量。酶标包被板设P-选择素标准品孔,CMC-Na治疗的大鼠血清孔,化合物5,7及9治疗的大鼠血清孔。标准品孔中加50μL不同浓度的P-选择素标准品(用来自试剂盒的标准品稀释制备)。在CMC-Na治疗的大鼠血清孔,化合物5,7及9治疗的大鼠血清孔先加40μL样品稀释液,再加10μL血清(最终稀释度为5倍)。各孔再加100μL酶标试剂,用封板膜封板,置37℃温育60min。空白孔除外,用封板膜封板,置37℃温育60min。试剂盒提供的洗涤液用蒸馏水稀释20倍,备用。小心揭掉封板膜,弃液体,甩干,各孔加满洗涤液,静置30s后弃去洗涤液。该操作重复5次,拍干。各孔先加试剂盒提供的50μL显色剂A,再加试剂盒提供的50μL显色剂B,轻轻震荡,使混匀,37℃避光显色15min。之后,各孔加50μL试剂盒提供的终止液,终止显色反应(此时蓝色立转黄色),以空白孔为参照调零,在450nm波长下测各孔的吸光度。测定时设空白对照孔。空白对照孔除不加样品及酶标试剂外,其余各步操作不变。以P-选择素标准品的浓度为横坐标,吸光度值为纵坐标绘制P-选择素标准曲线,模拟直线回归方程。将CMC-Na治疗的大鼠血清样品的吸光度,化合物5,7及9治疗的大鼠血清样品的吸光度代入方程式,计算血清样品中P-选择素浓度。数据以均值±SD ng/mL表示,经t检验,p<0.05即有统计学差异。结果列入表5。可以看出,化合物5,7及9有效地降低大鼠血清中P-选择素含量。可见,P-选择素是化合物5,7及9显示抗动脉血栓活性的靶点。这同样是本发明的突出的技术效果。
表5化合物5,7及9对大鼠血液中P-选择素含量的影响
a)与CMC-Na比p<0.01;n=6。
Claims (6)
2.权利要求1所述的CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮的制备方法,该方法包括:1) 将L-色氨酸在浓硫酸催化下与甲醛进行Pictet-Spengler缩合,得到(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸;
2) 将(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸与二碳酸二叔丁酯反应, 得到N-叔丁氧基羰基-(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸;
3) 将L-羟脯氨酸与二氯亚砜和甲醇反应得到羟脯氨酸甲酯;
4) 采用二环己基碳二亚胺为缩合剂, 1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相方法合成3S-N-Boc-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-羟脯氨酸甲酯;
5) 3S-N-Boc-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-羟脯氨酸甲酯在氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液中脱Boc, 得到3S-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3酰基-羟脯氨酸甲酯;
6) 在甲醇溶剂中, 在N-甲基吗啉存在下由3S-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-甲酰-羟脯氨酸制备2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮;
7) 在二甲基甲酰胺中,在氢化钠催化下2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮与溴乙酸苄酯反应制备2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基乙酸苄酯;
8) 在甲醇和二氯甲烷中用钯炭催化将2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基乙酸苄酯氢解为2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基乙酸;
9) 2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基乙酸与Leu-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl耦联制备2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基-CH2CO-Leu- Asp(OBzl)-Val- OBzl;
10) 将2-羟基八氢吡咯并吡嗪并吡啶并吲哚二酮-11-基-CH2CO-Leu-Asp(OBzl)- Val-OBzl氢解制备权利 要求1的CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮。
3.权利要求1所述的CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮在制备抗血小板聚集药物中的应用。
4.权利要求1所述的CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮在制备抗动脉血栓药物中的应用。
5.权利要求1所述的CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮在制备抗静脉血栓药物中的应用。
6.权利要求1所述的CH2CO-Leu-Asp-Val修饰的五环哌嗪二酮在制备具有抗动脉血栓和抗静脉血栓双重作用的药物中的应用。
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