CN111985164A - River flow prediction method based on fluid power and piecewise Manning formula - Google Patents

River flow prediction method based on fluid power and piecewise Manning formula Download PDF

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CN111985164A
CN111985164A CN202010662953.XA CN202010662953A CN111985164A CN 111985164 A CN111985164 A CN 111985164A CN 202010662953 A CN202010662953 A CN 202010662953A CN 111985164 A CN111985164 A CN 111985164A
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CN111985164B (en
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孙佳龙
张鹏
余永久
周卫国
蒋宇轩
沈智超
徐霞蔚
郭淑艳
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Jiangsu Air Network Data Service Co ltd
Marine Resources Development Institute Of Jiangsu (lianyungang)
Jiangsu Ocean University
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Marine Resources Development Institute Of Jiangsu (lianyungang)
Jiangsu Ocean University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a river flow prediction method based on hydrodynamic force and a segmented Manning formula, which can be used for solving river flow under some special conditions by only needing one stress body and according to river depth and stress body included angle.

Description

River flow prediction method based on fluid power and piecewise Manning formula
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of river flow prediction, and particularly relates to a river flow prediction method based on fluid power and a piecewise Manning formula.
Background
With the increase of water consumption in industrial and agricultural production and people's life, "the contradiction between water supply and demand is increasingly sharp" the planned water use and water allocation work is more and more important. The proposal and the attention of water resource problems are that the flow of an open channel can be rapidly and accurately measured in many occasions, and the method is prominently reflected in the aspects of water quantity calculation, pollutant total quantity control and water resource scheduling and distribution of irrigation areas and water diversion projects. The method consistently used in China mainly adopts a flow velocity area method, and manual operation is required, and the requirement of automation cannot be met although the measurement precision is high. Although the water level flow relation method used in a small amount can automatically measure the flow, the accuracy is not high, and the requirement of accurate water quantity measurement cannot be met. In addition, there are few methods for automatically measuring flow by means of imported instruments (such as acoustic doppler profilers), which are expensive and high in maintenance cost, and thus cannot meet the requirements for automatic measurement of flow of open channels with a large number of wide areas.
Therefore, the river flow prediction method based on the fluid power and the piecewise Manning formula is provided, and the method needs a stress body, places the stress body in water, measures an included angle, a river depth and a distance from an offshore edge, and then respectively substitutes the included angle, the river depth and the distance into the formula of the invention to calculate the river flow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a river flow prediction method based on fluid power and a piecewise Manning formula, which can solve the problem of dependence on an import instrument by only needing one stress body under some special conditions and solving the river flow according to the river depth and the stress body included angle.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme is as follows:
a river flow prediction method based on fluid power and a piecewise Manning formula comprises the following steps:
s1: putting a stress body on the surface of a river in a crossing mode, and measuring an included angle alpha between the stress body and the vertical direction and the length d of the stress body exposed out of the water surface;
s2: substituting the length, width, weight, thickness and included angle of the stress body into a formula to obtain the average flow velocity of the position of the stress body; the formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002579293900000011
s3: dividing the river section into N small sections, and substituting the distance between the small sections and the shore and the water depth into the following formula Vi＝VFlat plateCalculating the average flow velocity of each small section;
Figure BDA0002579293900000021
s4: the cross-section river flow is obtained according to a flow velocity area method, and the formula is as follows: qj＝Sj*Vj；
S5: and summing the river flows of the N sections to predict the river flow.
Wherein: qjFlow rate of j-position section, SjIs the area of the cross-section at the j position, VjThe average velocity of the j position section.
Preferably, in S2, before determining the average flow velocity of the force-bearing body, the flow velocity at a certain point is determined, and then the flow velocity functional relationship at a certain point is obtained by:
Figure BDA0002579293900000022
(assume the mass of water is 1)
Wherein: the length of the force-bearing body is L, the length d above the water surface is W, the width is G, the thickness is G, the weight of the water is gamma, and the mass of the force-bearing body is rho.
The gravity of the stress body is as follows:
Figure BDA0002579293900000023
the impulse force of the stress body is as follows: l isPunching machine＝(L-d)cosα；
With the upper end of the object as the center, the following can be obtained according to the law of conservation of moment:
Lheavy loadFHeavy loadsinα-LPunching machineFPunching machinecosα-LFloating bodyFFloating bodysinα＝0
Combining the above formula to obtain:
Figure BDA0002579293900000024
preferably, the surface velocity has a linear relationship with the average flow velocity based on a river whose river flow velocity is not affected by two walls as follows
VFlat plate＝0.8871VWatch (A)
Figure BDA0002579293900000025
Preferably, the hydraulic radius at any one point
Figure BDA0002579293900000031
For any river
Figure BDA0002579293900000032
Left wet cycle is L1Right wet cycle is L2Left side water passing area is S1Right side water passing area is S2(ii) a Hydraulic radius of any placeThe average flow velocity at any position can be obtained by substituting the slope and the roughness into a formula, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002579293900000033
wherein n is roughness, RRIs the hydraulic radius and J is the slope.
Preferably, the above formula needs to measure the gradient and the roughness, but in the practical process, the roughness is inversely calculated according to the Manning formula, the speed of each position can be compared with the speed of a certain position, two unknown parameters of the slope (J) and the roughness (n) can be eliminated,
Figure BDA0002579293900000034
has the advantages that:
according to the moment conservation law, in the river flow velocity measurement, the average of the position can be calculated only by measuring the included angle of the stress body, and two parameters of roughness and slope drop in a Manning formula are effectively avoided when the average flow velocity of each small section is calculated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a stress body suspended in a river in a crossing manner.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a river.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting.
Fig. 2 and 3 show examples of river widths of 70m, with the following other parameters:
distance from left bank 10 20 30 40 50 60
Depth of field 3 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.1 3
Left side water passing area S1 30 63 98 131 162 192
Left Wet week L1 9.5 18.9 28.3 37.8 47.6 57.1
Right side water passing area S2 192 162 129 94 61 30
Right humidity week L2 57.1 47.6 38.2 28.8 19.3 9.5
A force-bearing body (aluminum, length 1m, width 0.1m, mass 27kg) was taken, the force-bearing body was located 10m from the left bank, the length exposed on the water surface was 0.3m, and α was 30 ° (shown in fig. 1).
Substituting the parameters of the force-bearing body into the following formula:
Figure BDA0002579293900000041
Vflat plate＝0.99
The average flow velocity determined here is the average flow velocity of the cross section where the force-receiving body is located.
The above-obtained result and river-related parameters are substituted into the following formula:
Figure BDA0002579293900000042
Figure BDA0002579293900000043
substituting the above speed resultsInto Qj＝Sj*Vj；
Figure BDA0002579293900000044
Total flow Q ═ Sigma Q of cross section of riverj；Q＝399.7。

Claims (6)

1. A river flow prediction method based on fluid power and a piecewise Manning formula is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: putting a stress body on the surface of a river in a crossing mode, and measuring an included angle alpha between the stress body and the vertical direction and the length d of the stress body exposed out of the water surface;
s2: substituting the length L of the force-bearing body, the length d exposed out of the water surface, the width W, the mass rho and the thickness G of the force-bearing body and the included angle into a formula to obtain the average flow velocity of the position of the force-bearing body; the formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002579293890000011
s3: dividing the river section into N small sections, and substituting the distance between the small sections and the shore and the water depth into the following formula Vi＝VFlat plateCalculating the average flow velocity of each small section;
Figure FDA0002579293890000012
s4: the cross-section river flow is obtained according to a flow velocity area method, and the formula is as follows: qj＝Sj*Vj；
S5: and summing the river flows of the N sections to predict the river flow.
Wherein: qjFlow rate of j-position section, SjIs the area of the cross-section at the j position, VjThe average velocity of the j position section.
2. The method for predicting river discharge according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, before the average flow velocity of the stressed body is determined, the flow velocity at a certain point is determined, and the flow velocity functional relationship at a certain point is obtained by the following steps:
Figure FDA0002579293890000013
(assume the mass of water is 1)
Wherein: the length of the stress body is L, the length d above the water surface is W, the width is G, the thickness is G, the weight of water is gamma, and the mass of the stress body is rho;
the gravity of the stress body is as follows:
Figure FDA0002579293890000014
the impulse force of the stress body is as follows: l isPunching machine＝(L-d)cosα；
With the upper end of the object as the center, the following can be obtained according to the law of conservation of moment:
Lheavy loadFHeavy loadsinα-LPunching machineFPunching machinecosα-LFloating bodyFFloating bodysinα＝0
Combining the above formula to obtain:
Figure FDA0002579293890000021
3. the river discharge prediction method based on fluid dynamics and piecewise Manning's equation according to claim 2, wherein based on a river whose river discharge velocity is not affected by two walls, the surface velocity has a linear relationship with the average discharge velocity as follows
VFlat plate＝0.8871VWatch (A)
Figure FDA0002579293890000022
4. The river discharge prediction method based on fluid power and piecewise Manning's equation according to claim 3,
hydraulic radius at any point
Figure FDA0002579293890000023
For any river
Figure FDA0002579293890000024
Left wet cycle is L1Right wet cycle is L2Left side water passing area is S1Right side water passing area is S2(ii) a The hydraulic radius, slope drop and roughness at any position are substituted into a formula to obtain the average flow speed at any position, and the specific formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002579293890000025
wherein: qjFlow rate of j-position section, SjIs the area of the cross-section at the j position, VjThe average velocity of the j position section.
Wherein n is roughness, RRIs the hydraulic radius and J is the slope.
5. The river flow prediction method based on hydrodynamic force and piecewise Manning formula in claim 4, wherein the above formula is used to measure gradient and roughness, but in practice roughness is calculated according to Manning formula, and the speed of each position can be compared with the speed of a position to eliminate two unknown parameters of n and J,
Figure FDA0002579293890000026
6. the method of claim 1The river flow prediction method based on the fluid power and the piecewise Manning formula is characterized in that the total flow Q of the river section is sigma Qj。
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CN117571505A (en) * 2024-01-12 2024-02-20 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Device and method for measuring critical shear force of fine groove erosion

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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