CN111983866A - 调光玻璃及其制备方法 - Google Patents

调光玻璃及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111983866A
CN111983866A CN201910442176.5A CN201910442176A CN111983866A CN 111983866 A CN111983866 A CN 111983866A CN 201910442176 A CN201910442176 A CN 201910442176A CN 111983866 A CN111983866 A CN 111983866A
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substrate
liquid crystal
crystal layer
light
retaining wall
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武晓娟
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910442176.5A priority Critical patent/CN111983866A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/090783 priority patent/WO2020238672A1/zh
Priority to US17/262,801 priority patent/US20210318567A1/en
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Abstract

本发明提供一种调光玻璃及其制备方法,属于显示车窗技术领域。本发明的调光玻璃,包括:相对设置的第一基板和第二基板,以及设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层和挡墙;其中,所述液晶层,用于在所述第一基板和第二基板之间所产生的电场的作用下进行翻转,以控制所述调光玻璃的光线透过率;所述挡墙,呈网格状,用于将液晶层中的液晶均匀分散在挡墙的各个网格中,并在所述调光玻璃发生弯曲时,维持所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间盒厚。

Description

调光玻璃及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于显示车窗技术领域,具体涉及一种调光玻璃及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,调光玻璃在建筑、交通领域的应用越来越广泛,现已有汽车、高铁、客机等客户对染料液晶调光玻璃感兴趣。现有智能玻璃市场中有PDLC智能玻璃、电致变色智能玻璃等产品。PDLC智能玻璃只能实现透明与雾度切换,不遮光、不隔热;电致变色智能玻璃存在膜层工艺复杂、响应时间慢(8~20s)、暗态颜色偏蓝等问题。染料液晶调光玻璃利用液晶中二向色性染料分子对光的选择性吸收,实现亮态与暗态的切换,相较现有PDLC、电致变色智能玻璃,在黑态纯度、响应时间等光学性能上有大幅提升。调光玻璃应用于火车、高铁等侧面车窗、汽车天窗或眼镜时,都需要有一定的弧度,即需要有柔性特性。但现有染料液晶调光玻璃在制作曲率时,由于曲率形变的发生,使染料液晶分子流动,导致不同区域盒厚发生变化,宏观表现为亮度不均,影响使用。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一,提供一种调光玻璃及其制备方法。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种调光玻璃,包括:相对设置的第一基板和第二基板,以及设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层和挡墙;其中,
所述液晶层,用于在所述第一基板和第二基板之间所产生的电场的作用下进行翻转,以控制所述调光玻璃的光线透过率;
所述挡墙,呈网格状,用于将液晶层中的液晶均匀分散在挡墙的各个网格中,并在所述调光玻璃发生弯曲时,维持所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间盒厚。
优选的是,在所述液晶层中掺杂有反应性单体,所述挡墙由特定波长的光对所述反应性单体进行照射生成。
优选的是,所述特定波长的光包括UV光。
优选的是,所述液晶层包括染料液晶分子。
优选的是,所述第一基板包括第一基底,以及设置在所述第一基底靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的第一电极;
所述第二基板包括:第二基底,以及设置在所述第二基底靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的第二电极;其中,
所述第一基底和所述第二基底均为柔性基底。
优选的是,所述柔性基底的材料包括聚酰亚胺或聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯。
优选的是,所述第一基板包括第一基底,以及设置在所述第一基底靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的第一电极;
所述第二基板包括:第二基底,以及设置在所述第二基底靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的第二电极;其中,
所述第一电极和所述第二电极均为板状电极。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种上述的调光玻璃的制备方法,包括:
形成第一基板和第二基板;在所述第一基板和所述第二基板中填充液晶层,以及形成挡墙,所述挡墙呈网格状,用于将液晶层中的液晶均匀分散在各个网格中,并在所述调光玻璃发生弯曲时,维持所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间盒厚。
优选的是,所述在所述第一基板和所述第二基板中填充液晶层,以及形成挡墙包括:
在液晶分子中掺杂反应性单体,并填充于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间;
采用特定波长的光对第一基板或第二基板的特定区域进行照射,以使反应性单体形成挡墙。
优选的是,所述特定波长的光包括UV光。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1的调光玻璃未弯曲前亮态的示意图;
图2为本发明的实施例1的调光玻璃弯曲前亮态的示意图;
图3为本发明的实施例1的调光玻璃未弯曲前暗态的示意图;
图4为本发明的实施例1的调光玻璃弯曲前暗态的示意图;
图5为本发明的实施例1的调光玻璃的挡墙的结构示意图。
图6为本发明的实施例1的调光玻璃的制备流程图。
其中附图标记为:10、第一基板;20、第二基板;30、液晶层;40、挡墙;50、掩膜版;4、反应性单体;11、第一基底;12、第一电极;13、第一取向层;21、第二基底;22、第二电极;23、第二取向层。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
除非另外定义,本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样,“一个”、“一”或者“该”等类似词语也不表示数量限制,而是表示存在至少一个。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
实施例1:
如图1-5所示,本实施例提供一种调光玻璃,该调光玻璃可以是一种柔性调光玻璃,也可以是一种具有一定弧度的调光玻璃;该调光玻璃包括相对设置的第一基板10和第二基板20,以及设置在第一基板10和第二基板20之间的液晶层30和挡墙40;其中,本实施例中的挡墙40呈网格状结构,用以将液晶层30中的液晶分子均匀的分散在挡墙40的各个网格中;液晶层30则在第一基板10和第二基板20之间的电场的作用下进行翻转,以控制调光玻璃的光线透过率。
在此需要说明的是,本实施例中网格状的挡墙40的各个网格是呈阵列排布的,且各网格的大小是均一,或者是近似均一的。
由于本实施例的调光玻璃中的挡墙40为网格状挡墙40,且能够将液晶层30的液晶分子均匀的分散在挡墙40的各个网格中,这样一来,即使在调光玻璃在发射弯曲,使得液晶分子向四周流动,挡墙40的每个网格也会将其中的液晶分子限定在其内,从而使得液晶层30的液晶分子报纸均匀,进而有效的避免了调光玻璃在发生弯曲,液晶流动而造成调光玻璃厚度不均一的问题。当然,应当理解在调光不发生弯折时,挡墙40也可以维持调光玻璃的盒厚。
其中,本实施例中的液晶层30中掺杂有反应性单体4,而本实施例中的挡墙40是通过采用特定波长的光对反应性单体4照射生成的。特定波长的光可以是UV光。反应性单体的材料具体可以是,丙烯酸酯类单体;当然,可以采用其它UV光照射可以聚合的反应性单体。具体由反应性单体4如何得到挡墙40的步骤在实施例2中进行具体说明。
其中,本实施例中的液晶分子具体可以是染料液晶分子,也即在液晶分子中掺杂二向色性染料分子。
为了更清楚上述的调光玻璃的结构,以下给出一种具体的调光基板,其包括相对设置的相对设置的第一基板10和第二基板20,以及设置在第一基板10和第二基板20之间的液晶层30和网格状的挡墙40。调光玻璃的第一基板10包括第一基底11,依次设置在第一基底11上的第一电极12和第一取向层13;调光玻璃的第二基板20包括与第一基底11相对设置的第二基底21,以及依次设置在第二基底21靠近第一基底11一侧的第二电极22和第二取向层23;第二液晶层30填充在第一取向层13和第二取向层23之间;其中,第二液晶层30包括染料液晶,也即在液晶分子中掺杂二向色性染料分子。其中,第一电极12和第二电极22均采用板状电极,也即调光玻璃为一VA型液晶盒。第一取向层13和第二取向层23的取向相互垂直,也即二者的预倾角相差90°。在未给第一电极12和第二电极22加电时,第二液晶层30中的液晶分子和二向色性染料分子都垂直于第一基板10和第二基板20排列,可以使入射光通过,调光玻璃呈亮态,调光玻璃未弯曲时如图1所示,弯曲时如图2所示;在给第一电极12和第二电极22加电,且使得第一电极12和第二电极22之间所产生的电场,控制液晶分子和二向色性染料分子都平行于第一基板10和第二基板20排列,将入射的沿二向色性染料分子长轴方向的光吸收,以使调光玻璃呈暗态,调光玻璃未弯曲时如图3所示,弯曲时如图4所示。当然,在给在给第一电极12和第二电极22加电,且使得第一电极12和第二电极22之间所产生的电场,控制液晶分子和二向色性染料分子都相较第一基板10和第二基板20倾斜排列,此时部分光线可以通过调光玻璃,从而使得调光玻璃呈灰阶态。
其中,若调光玻璃为可弯曲的调光玻璃,上述的第一基底11和第二基底21则为柔性基底。该柔性基底的具体材料可以PI(聚酰亚胺)或者PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯),当然也可以采用其它柔性材料,可以根据玻璃具体的应用场景而选取不同的材料。而且本实施例中的调光玻璃的第一基底11和第二基底21也不局限于柔性基底,也可以是玻璃基底或者石英基底等。
在本实施例中,是以第一电极12和第二电极22均包括板状电极为例进行说明。也即,第一电极12和第二电极22在被施加电压后可以形成VA型电场。当然,在液晶分子选用正性液晶分子时,此时第一电极12和第二电极22在被施加电压后可以形成TN型电场。另外,在本实施例中,每个液晶盒的第一电极12和第二电极22也可以均设置在第一基底上,此时,第一电极12和第二电极22沿背离基底方向依次设置,第一电极12可以采用板状电极,第二电极22为狭缝电极,在第一电极12和第二电极22被施加电压时,可以形成FFS型电场(或者ADS型)。当然,第一电极12和第二电极22也可以均设置在第一基底11上,且二者层并间隔设置,此时,第一电极和第二电极在施加电压后可以形成IPS型电场。
实施例2:
本实施例提供一种调光玻璃的制备方法,其可以用于制备实施例1中的调光玻璃。该方法包括:形成第一基板10和第二基板20;在所述第一基板10和所述第二基板20中填充液晶层30,以及形成挡墙40,所述挡墙40呈网格状,用于将液晶层30中的液晶均匀分散在各个网格中,并在所述调光玻璃发生弯曲时,维持所述第一基板10和所述第二基板20之间盒厚。
由于本实施例的制备方法所形成的调光玻璃的挡墙40为网格状挡墙40,且能够将液晶层30的液晶分子均匀的分散在挡墙40的各个网格中,这样一来,即使在调光玻璃在发射弯曲,使得液晶分子向四周流动,挡墙40的每个网格也会将其中的液晶分子限定在其内,从而使得液晶层30的液晶分子报纸均匀,进而有效的避免了调光玻璃在发生弯曲,液晶流动而造成调光玻璃厚度不均一的问题。
如图6所示,以下为了更清楚本实施例中的调光玻璃的制备方法,给出一种具体的制备工艺,步骤如下:
1、在第一基底11和第二基底21上分别形成整面的电极,也即在第一基底11上形成第一电极12,在第二基底21上形成第二电极22。
2、依次在形成第一电极12的第一基底11和形成第二电极22的第二基底21上,PI液的涂覆、摩擦(Rubbing)工艺,以形成第一取向层1325和第二取向层23;其中,第一取向层13和第二取向层23在摩擦方向反向平行。
3、将封框胶(Seal胶)涂覆于形成第二取向层23的第二基底21上,将液晶分子、二向色性染料分子、反应性单体4混合,并滴在形成第一取向层13的第一基底11上;之后将第一基底11和第二基底21相对盒,并通过紫外光和热固化使得Seal胶固化;通过网格状的掩膜版50对第一基底11中间区域进行照射,此时未被照射的反应性单体4向UV光照射的区域移动,结合UV光照射区域的反应性单体4,形成网格状的聚合物挡墙40,该挡墙40的厚度与液晶盒的厚度保持一致。进一步的可以将调光玻璃进行弯折。
通过上述方法制备的染料液晶调光玻璃,在进行弯曲时,由于染料液晶被聚合物墙固定在不同的微区内无法向四周流动,同时由于不同区域的聚合物墙厚度一致,所以弯曲后不同区域液晶盒厚度仍然保持一致,即亮度一致,不同区域光学均一。弯曲后,调光玻璃亮态不同区域亮度均一;调光玻璃暗态不同区域亮度均一。
可以理解的是,以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式,然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下,可以做出各种变型和改进,这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种调光玻璃,其特征在于,包括:相对设置的第一基板和第二基板,以及设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层和挡墙;其中,
所述液晶层,用于在所述第一基板和第二基板之间所产生的电场的作用下进行翻转,以控制所述调光玻璃的光线透过率;
所述挡墙,呈网格状,用于将液晶层中的液晶均匀分散在挡墙的各个网格中,并在所述调光玻璃发生弯曲时,维持所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间盒厚。
2.根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃,其特征在于,在所述液晶层中掺杂有反应性单体,所述挡墙由特定波长的光对所述反应性单体进行照射生成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的调光玻璃,其特征在于,所述特定波长的光包括UV光。
4.根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃,其特征在于,所述液晶层包括染料液晶分子。
5.根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃,其特征在于,所述第一基板包括第一基底,以及设置在所述第一基底靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的第一电极;
所述第二基板包括:第二基底,以及设置在所述第二基底靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的第二电极;其中,
所述第一基底和所述第二基底均为柔性基底。
6.根据权利要求5所述的调光玻璃,其特征在于,所述柔性基底的材料包括聚酰亚胺或聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃,其特征在于,所述第一基板包括第一基底,以及设置在所述第一基底靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的第一电极;
所述第二基板包括:第二基底,以及设置在所述第二基底靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的第二电极;其中,
所述第一电极和所述第二电极均为板状电极。
8.一种如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的调光玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
形成第一基板和第二基板;在所述第一基板和所述第二基板中填充液晶层,以及形成挡墙,所述挡墙呈网格状,用于将液晶层中的液晶均匀分散在各个网格中,并在所述调光玻璃发生弯曲时,维持所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间盒厚。
9.根据权利要求8所述的调光玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,所述在所述第一基板和所述第二基板中填充液晶层,以及形成挡墙包括:
在液晶分子中掺杂反应性单体,并填充于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间;
采用特定波长的光对第一基板或第二基板的特定区域进行照射,以使反应性单体形成挡墙。
10.根据权利要求9所述的调光玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,所述特定波长的光包括UV光。
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