CN111980604B - Internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and drilling method - Google Patents
Internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111980604B CN111980604B CN202010495446.1A CN202010495446A CN111980604B CN 111980604 B CN111980604 B CN 111980604B CN 202010495446 A CN202010495446 A CN 202010495446A CN 111980604 B CN111980604 B CN 111980604B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
- E21B21/015—Means engaging the bore entrance, e.g. hoods for collecting dust
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/14—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using liquids and gases, e.g. foams
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and a drilling method, wherein the device comprises the following components: the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod and a drilling part, and the drilling part is connected with the drill rod; the drill rod penetrates through the dust collection cover, the drill part is positioned in the dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover is used for being attached to the working surface; the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover; and the water spraying mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover, and is closer to the working surface than the air spraying mechanism. In the operation process, the water spraying mechanism can wash and capture the dust-containing air flow, reduces the environmental pollution caused by the fact that untreated dust-containing blowback gas drifts to the atmosphere, and simultaneously, compared with the prior drilling device, the device can reduce the fan and the corresponding aftertreatment system which are used for forming negative pressure in the dust collection cover.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit support and geological disaster slope treatment, in particular to an internal dry and external wet drilling device and a drilling method capable of reducing dust pollution.
Background
Anchor cable support is used in a great number in the construction fields of geological disaster management, building foundation pit engineering and the like, which relate to support, as a construction mode. In the drilling process of drilling equipment, a large amount of rock slag dust is wrapped and clamped by high-pressure air flow and is sprayed outwards along the hole wall, so that dust pollution of a working face is caused, dust can be continuously diffused along with the atmosphere, and if the air speed of a construction area is low, the diffusion condition is poor, personnel are dense, environment protection indexes such as PM10 and PM2.5 on the periphery of a construction site can reach more than 300, the environment protection indexes seriously exceed the atmospheric limit standard, and the health of operators and the people on the periphery is threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an internal-dry-external-wet drilling device and a drilling method capable of reducing dust pollution, and aims to solve the problem of atmospheric pollution caused by dust flying in the drilling construction process.
In one aspect, the invention provides an internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution, which comprises: the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod and a drilling part, and the drilling part is connected with the drill rod; the drill rod penetrates through the dust collection cover, the drill bit is positioned in the dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover is used for being attached to the working surface; the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover; the water spraying mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover, and compared with the air spraying mechanism, the water spraying mechanism is closer to the working surface.
Further, in the above-mentioned interior dry outside wet drilling equipment that can reduce raise dust pollution, the dust cage includes: the straight cylinder section, the air injection mechanism is set up in the inner wall of the straight cylinder section; the flaring section, the less one end of tip of flaring section is linked together with straight section of thick bamboo, the great one end of tip of flaring section is towards the working face to, water spray mechanism sets up in the inner wall of flaring section.
Further, in the above-mentioned interior dry outside wet drilling equipment that can reduce raise dust pollution, jet mechanism includes: the first pipeline is arranged in a multi-ring mode on the circumference of the inner wall of the dust collection cover, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in one side, facing the drill rod, of the first pipeline, and the air outlet holes are sequentially formed in the axial direction of the first pipeline; and the air supply device is communicated with the first pipeline.
Further, in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution, each air outlet hole is provided with an air spray head.
Further, in the above-mentioned interior dry outside wet drilling equipment that can reduce raise dust pollution, water spray mechanism includes: the second pipeline is arranged around the circumference of the inner wall of the dust collection cover in a multi-ring mode, a plurality of water outlets are formed in one side, facing the drill rod, of the second pipeline, and the water outlets are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the second pipeline; and the water supply equipment is communicated with the second pipeline.
Furthermore, in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution, each water air hole is provided with a water mist nozzle.
Further, in the above-mentioned interior dry and outside wet drilling equipment that can reduce raise dust pollution, drilling equipment still includes: the clamping device is arranged on the guide rail and clamps the drill rod, one side of the clamping device facing the working surface is connected with one end of the dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover is further arranged on the guide rail.
Furthermore, in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution, air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism forms a sealed air curtain.
According to the invention, in the operation process, the dust hood directly abuts against the operation surface of the rock body, the steel dust hood has good deformation resistance, the steel dust hood has good resistance to long-term flushing of air lift compressed air flow which is used for wrapping rock slag dust, the water spraying mechanism arranged in the dust hood can continuously thoroughly wash and capture dust-containing air flow in a relatively airtight space, air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism at the rear end of the dust hood forms an air curtain, the air curtain can seal the tail end of the dust hood (the end of the dust hood faces towards the clamping device), environmental pollution caused by drifting untreated dust-containing blowback gas into the atmosphere is reduced, and compared with the conventional drilling device, a fan and a corresponding aftertreatment system which are used for forming negative pressure in the dust hood can be reduced. The slag liquid containing the rock slag is discharged to a slurry pool of a construction site and precipitated, and the formed reclaimed water can be reused, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected. The high-pressure dust-containing airflow back-blown in the pore-forming process can be subjected to wet dust fall treatment, the formed dust, rock debris and slag liquid can be collected intensively, and the pore-forming process is followed by in-pore grouting and anchor cable installation construction. The dry pore forming improves the construction efficiency, thoroughly discharges slag, has high pore forming quality, is favorable for inspection and acceptance, improves the labor environment of workers, reduces the dust content in high-pressure air flow dissipated into the atmosphere, and protects the atmosphere environment. The drilling adopts the dry method to form the hole, the hole forming speed is fast, the construction efficiency is high, the gas lift by utilizing the air inlet system of the drilling equipment is thorough in hole cleaning, the air injection mechanism and the water injection mechanism can well collect and process the rock slag reversely blown by high-pressure air flow in the drilling process, the dust-containing air flow is reduced to escape into the atmosphere, the internal dry and external wet drilling device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and cost-saving, and the problems that the air environment is polluted and the health of people is threatened by dust generated by the current anchor cable drilling construction are better solved. The main components of the internal dry and external wet drilling device are arranged at the front ends of the guide rail and the clamping device, the equipment is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the device can be used in a turnover way. By using the device for dry pore-forming construction, the rock slag dust dissipated into the atmosphere during construction can be reduced by more than 90 percent.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a drilling method, including the steps of: calibrating drilling points, moving drilling equipment to a working surface, enabling the dust hood to be attached to the working surface, and enabling the drilling part to be aligned to the drilling points; simultaneously starting drilling equipment, an air injection mechanism and a water injection mechanism, wherein a part of gas sprayed by the air inlet system of the drilling equipment enters the drilling part through a hollow drill rod, reversely blows towards a drilling surface through a nozzle reserved on the drilling part, wraps rock slag, enters a dust collection cover, air wrapped with the rock slag is washed and captured by water mist sprayed by the water injection mechanism, the rock slag which is not washed and captured by the water mist enters a space where the air injection mechanism is located, the air sprayed by the air injection mechanism forms a sealed air curtain, and the air curtain rebounds the rock slag to the water injection mechanism for continuous treatment; after the drilling reaches the preset depth, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism cleans the rock debris in the drilling, and after the cleaning is finished, the air inlet system of the drilling equipment is closed, and then the water spraying mechanism and the air spraying mechanism are closed. .
Further, in the drilling method, after the water spraying mechanism and the air spraying mechanism are closed, the drilling method further comprises: removing the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution; and installing an anchor rope in the drill hole after the drill hole is accepted, and downwards placing a grouting pipe and a slurry return pipe in the drill hole to seal the drill hole, and filling cement slurry stirred according to a preset water-cement ratio into the drill hole through the grouting pipe.
According to the invention, in the drilling process by adopting the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution, the dust collecting cover directly abuts against the working surface of the rock body, the steel dust collecting cover has good deformation resistance, the steel dust collecting cover has good resistance to long-term flushing of air lift compressed air flow which is wrapped with rock slag dust, the water spraying mechanism arranged in the dust collecting cover can continuously and thoroughly wash and capture the dust-containing air flow in a relatively airtight space, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism at the rear end of the dust collecting cover forms an air curtain, the air curtain can seal the tail end of the dust collecting cover (the dust collecting cover faces one end of the clamping device), the environmental pollution caused by the fact that untreated dust-containing blowback air drifts into the atmosphere is reduced, and meanwhile, compared with the current drilling device, a fan and a corresponding post-treatment system which are arranged for forming negative pressure in the dust collecting cover can be reduced. The slag liquid containing the rock slag is discharged to a slurry pool of a construction site and precipitated, and the formed reclaimed water can be reused, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected. The high-pressure dust-containing airflow back-blown in the pore-forming process can be subjected to wet dust fall treatment, the formed dust, rock debris and slag liquid can be collected intensively, and the pore-forming process is followed by in-pore grouting and anchor cable installation construction. The dry pore forming improves the construction efficiency, thoroughly discharges slag, has high pore forming quality, is favorable for inspection and acceptance, improves the labor environment of workers, reduces the dust content in high-pressure air flow dissipated into the atmosphere, and protects the atmosphere environment. The drilling adopts the dry method to form the hole, the hole forming speed is fast, the construction efficiency is high, the gas lift by utilizing the air inlet system of the drilling equipment is thorough in hole cleaning, the air injection mechanism and the water injection mechanism can well collect and process the rock slag reversely blown by high-pressure air flow in the drilling process, the dust-containing air flow is reduced to escape into the atmosphere, the internal dry and external wet drilling device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and cost-saving, and the problems that the air environment is polluted and the health of people is threatened by dust generated by the current anchor cable drilling construction are better solved. The main components of the internal dry and external wet drilling device are arranged at the front ends of the guide rail and the clamping device, the equipment is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the device can be used in a turnover way. By using the device for dry pore-forming construction, the rock slag dust dissipated into the atmosphere during construction can be reduced by more than 90 percent.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drilling device with internal dry and external wet and capable of reducing dust pollution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal dry and external wet drilling device for drilling holes, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention and can reduce dust pollution;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a dust hood, an air injection mechanism and a water injection mechanism in an internal dry-external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air injection mechanism in the internal dry-external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a water spraying mechanism in an internal dry-external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Device example:
referring to fig. 1, a preferred structure of the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to the present embodiment is shown. As shown, the apparatus includes: drilling equipment 1, dust cage 2, jet mechanism 3 and water spray mechanism 4. The drilling equipment 1 comprises a drill rod 11, a drilling part 12, a guide rail 13, a clamp 14 and a frame 15, wherein the frame 15 is connected to the front end of the guide rail 13, the clamp 14 is arranged on the guide rail 13, the drill rod 11 penetrates through the clamp 14, and the clamp 14 clamps the drill rod 11. The dust hood 2 is made of a 3mm thick steel plate, and the dust hood 2 is connected to the front end of the clamper 14, the front end of the clamper 14 being the side of the clamper 14 facing the working surface 6 when the drilling equipment 1 drills the rock mass 5. Meanwhile, the dust hood 2 is also arranged on the guide rail 13. Referring to fig. 2, the drill rod 11 is inserted into the dust hood 2 while being inserted into the clamper 14, and when the drilling apparatus 1 drills the rock 5, one end of the dust hood 2 facing the working surface 6 is attached to the working surface 6. The drilling part 12 for drilling the rock mass 5 is connected with the drill rod 11, and meanwhile, the drilling part 12 is also positioned in the dust hood 2, when the drilling equipment 1 drills the rock mass 5, the drilling part 12 can extend out of the dust hood 2 under the driving of the drill rod 11, and the drilling part 12 can be a drill bit or a impactor. Referring to fig. 3, the air spraying mechanism 3 and the water spraying mechanism 4 are both arranged on the inner wall of the dust hood 2, the water spraying mechanism 4 is closer to the working surface 6 than the air spraying mechanism 3, the air spraying mechanism 3 and the space nearby the air spraying mechanism form a wind system section 7, and the water spraying mechanism 4 and the space nearby the air spraying mechanism form a water system section 8.
The process of drilling by using the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the measurement is performed on a working surface 6 to be constructed according to a construction drawing, drilling points are calibrated, drilling equipment 1 is moved to the construction surface, an air injection mechanism 3 and a water injection mechanism 4 are connected, and the internal dry and external wet drilling device is subjected to test operation. The operation guide rail 13 is close to the drilling position, the hydraulic rod for controlling the direction of the guide rail frame is adjusted, so that the frame 15 and the dust collecting cover 2 are tightly propped against the working surface 6, the drilling part 12 is vertically opposite to the drilling position, and if the working surface 6 is on an inclined plane, the accurate inclination angle of the dust collecting cover 2 is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, the drilling apparatus 1 is started, the drill part 12 drills into the rock mass 5 under the drive of the drill rod 11, and the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 are synchronously opened. The drilling equipment 1 is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system comprises an air compressor and an air cylinder, the air inlet system provides a part of compressed air to blow back towards a drilling surface through a hollow drill rod 11 and a nozzle reserved on a drilling part 12, and rock slag at the front end of the drilling surface is blown back towards the dust collecting cover 2 along the drilling hole in an air lifting mode. Compressed air flow wrapped with rock slag firstly enters a water system section 8 at the end of the dust hood 2, is washed and captured by high-pressure water mist sprayed by the water spraying mechanism 4, and most of rock slag particles are mixed with the water mist to form slag liquid which flows out of the dust hood 2 and is discharged into a sedimentation tank of a construction site through a water ditch of the construction site. And a small amount of rock slag particles which are not washed and captured by the water mist in time enter a wind system section 7 at the rear part of the dust hood 2 along with air lifting compressed air provided by the air inlet system, air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 forms a sealed air curtain, the air curtain thoroughly breaks the flow state of the air lifting compressed air, the rock slag particles are bounced back to a water system section 8 at the front end of the dust hood 2 to be continuously treated after encountering the high-pressure air curtain, then water mist is mixed to form slag liquid, and the slag liquid is discharged into a sedimentation tank at a construction site to be intensively treated. During the construction process, the impactor and the drill rod 11 drill holes according to the air pressure and the drilling speed required by the design.
After the drilling depth required by design is reached, repeated hole cleaning is performed, and compressed air provided by an air compressor and an air cylinder of an air inlet system is utilized to clean rock scraps in the holes, so that the installation of the anchor cable is facilitated, and the construction quality of the anchor cable is improved. And after the hole cleaning is qualified, firstly closing the air inlet system, stopping gas lift back blowing slag discharging, then closing the water spraying mechanism 4 and the air spraying mechanism 3, removing the drill rod 11 and the impactor section by section, completing hole forming, and removing the drilling equipment 1.
After inspection and acceptance, installing anchor cables in the holes, mixing cement slurry according to the grouting water-cement ratio requirement of the design file, placing a grouting pipe and a slurry return pipe in the holes, sealing the holes, connecting grouting and slurry return pipelines, and grouting.
Referring again to fig. 3, the dust hood 2 includes: a straight section 21 and a flared section 22. The first end (right end shown in fig. 3) of the straight section 21 is connected to the clamper 14, and the air injection mechanism 3 is provided on the inner wall of the straight section 21, and the air injection mechanism 3 and the straight section 21 form the wind system section 7. The smaller end (right end shown in fig. 3) of the flared section 22 is connected to the second end (left end shown in fig. 3) of the straight section 21, and the larger end (left end shown in fig. 3) of the flared section 22 faces the working surface 6 and is brought into close contact with the working surface 6 when drilling is performed. The water spraying mechanism 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the flaring section 22, and the flaring section 22 and the water spraying mechanism 4 form the water system section 8. It can be seen that the dust hood 2 is horn-shaped. In particular, the cross-sectional shapes of the straight section 21 and the flared section 22 are square.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the air injection mechanism 3 includes: a first duct 31, an air supply device and an air shower 32. The circumference of dust cage 2 inner wall is located to first pipeline 31 in the form of multiturn ring, and simultaneously, a plurality of ventholes have been seted up to one side of first pipeline 31 towards drilling rod 11, and each venthole evenly sets up in proper order along the axial of first pipeline 31, and the number of air shower nozzle 32 is the same with the number of venthole, and every venthole all is connected with an air shower nozzle 32. The air supply device is in communication with the first conduit 31 for providing compressed air, and in particular, the air supply device may be an air pump, which may be an air pump of an air intake system of the drilling device 1. The first pipe 31 is connected to the air supply device through a first hose 33, and a valve is provided on the first hose 33, so that the air injection amount is adjusted to obtain the maximum dust settling effect.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the water spraying mechanism 4 includes: the second pipeline 41, water supply equipment and water smoke shower nozzle 42, the circumference of dust cage 2 inner wall is located to the form of second pipeline 41 with many circles, simultaneously, a plurality of apopores have been seted up to one side of second pipeline 41 towards drilling rod 11, and each apopore evenly sets up in proper order along the axial of second pipeline 41, and the number of water smoke shower nozzle 42 is the same with the number of apopore, and every apopore all is connected with a water smoke shower nozzle 42. The water supply device is in communication with the second conduit 41 for providing high pressure water, which may be a water pump when embodied. The second pipe 41 is connected to the water supply device through a second hose 43, and a valve is provided on the second hose 43 to adjust the amount of water sprayed to obtain the maximum dust settling effect.
In this embodiment, it can be seen that, during the operation, the dust hood 2 directly abuts against the working surface 6 of the rock mass 5, the steel dust hood 2 has good deformation resistance, and has good tolerance to long-term flushing of the air-lift compressed air stream which is used for wrapping up the rock slag dust, the water spraying mechanism 4 installed inside the dust hood 2 can continuously and thoroughly wash and capture the dust-containing air stream in a relatively airtight space, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 at the rear end of the dust hood 2 forms an air curtain, and the air curtain can seal the tail end of the dust hood 2 (the dust hood 2 faces towards one end of the clamping device 14), so that environmental pollution caused by the floating of untreated dust-containing blowback gas into the atmosphere is reduced, and meanwhile, compared with the current drilling device, a fan and a corresponding post-treatment system which are used for forming negative pressure in the dust hood 2 can be reduced. The slag liquid containing the rock slag is discharged to a slurry pool of a construction site and precipitated, and the formed reclaimed water can be reused, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected. The high-pressure dust-containing airflow back-blown in the pore-forming process can be subjected to wet dust fall treatment, the formed dust, rock debris and slag liquid can be collected intensively, and the pore-forming process is followed by in-pore grouting and anchor cable installation construction. The dry pore forming improves the construction efficiency, thoroughly discharges slag, has high pore forming quality, is favorable for inspection and acceptance, improves the labor environment of workers, reduces the dust content in high-pressure air flow dissipated into the atmosphere, and protects the atmosphere environment. The drilling adopts the dry method to form the hole, the hole forming speed is fast, the construction efficiency is high, the gas lift by utilizing the air inlet system of the drilling equipment 1 is thorough in hole cleaning, the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 can well collect and process the rock slag of high-pressure air flow blowback in the drilling process, the dust-containing air flow is reduced to escape into the atmosphere, the internal dry and external wet drilling device has a simple structure, convenient operation and cost saving, and the problems that the air environment is polluted and the health of people is threatened by the dust generated by the current anchor cable drilling construction are better solved. The main components of the internal dry and external wet drilling device are arranged at the front ends of the guide rail 13 and the clamping device 14, the equipment is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the device can be used in a turnover way. By using the device for dry pore-forming construction, the rock slag dust dissipated into the atmosphere during construction can be reduced by more than 90 percent.
Method embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a drilling method according to the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
in step S610, the drilling point is calibrated, the drilling device 1 is moved to the working surface 6, the dust hood 2 is attached to the working surface 6, and the drilling portion 12 is aligned with the drilling point.
Specifically, the drilling is performed by using the internal dry and external wet drilling device in the device embodiment, and specific structures and implementation manners of the internal dry and external wet drilling device are referred to the above embodiment, and are not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 1, the structure of the internal dry and external wet drilling device provided according to the above embodiment is used for manufacturing the internal dry and external wet drilling device, then measuring on a working surface 6 to be constructed according to a construction drawing, calibrating drilling points, moving the drilling equipment 1 to the construction surface, switching on the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4, and performing test operation on the internal dry and external wet drilling device. The operation guide rail 13 is close to the drilling position, the frame 15 and the dust collecting cover 2 are tightly propped against the working surface 6 by adjusting the machine position and controlling the hydraulic rod in the frame direction of the guide rail 13, the drilling part 12 is vertically opposite to the drilling position, and if the working surface 6 is on an inclined plane, the accurate inclination angle of the dust collecting cover 2 is ensured.
Step S620, simultaneously starting the drilling equipment 1, the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4, wherein part of air sprayed by the drilling equipment 1 from a gas inlet system provided with the drilling equipment enters the drilling part 12 through a hollow drill rod 11, reversely blows towards a drilling surface through a nozzle reserved on the drilling part 12, and wraps rock slag to enter the dust collection cover 2, the air wrapped with the rock slag is washed and captured by water mist sprayed by the water injection mechanism 4, the rock slag which is not washed and captured by the water mist enters a space where the air injection mechanism 3 is located, the air sprayed by the air injection mechanism 3 forms a sealed air curtain, and the air curtain rebounds the rock slag to the water injection mechanism 4 for continuous treatment.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the drilling apparatus 1 is started, the drill section 12 drills into the rock mass 5 under the drive of the drill rod 11, and the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 are synchronously opened. The drilling equipment 1 is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system comprises an air compressor and an air cylinder, the air inlet system provides a part of compressed air to blow back towards a drilling surface through a hollow drill rod 11 and a nozzle reserved on a drilling part 12, and rock slag at the front end of the drilling surface is blown back towards the dust collecting cover 2 along the drilling hole in an air lifting mode. Compressed air flow wrapped with rock slag firstly enters a water system section 8 at the end of the dust hood 2, is washed and captured by high-pressure water mist sprayed by the water spraying mechanism 4, and most of rock slag particles are mixed with the water mist to form slag liquid which flows out of the dust hood 2 and is discharged into a sedimentation tank of a construction site through a water ditch of the construction site. And a small amount of rock slag particles which are not washed and captured by the water mist in time enter a wind system section 7 at the rear part of the dust hood 2 along with air lifting compressed air provided by the air inlet system, air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 forms a sealed air curtain, the air curtain thoroughly breaks the flow state of the air lifting compressed air, the rock slag particles are bounced back to a water system section 8 at the front end of the dust hood 2 to be continuously treated after encountering the high-pressure air curtain, then water mist is mixed to form slag liquid, and the slag liquid is discharged into a sedimentation tank at a construction site to be intensively treated. During the construction process, the impactor and the drill rod 11 drill holes according to the air pressure and the drilling speed required by the design.
Step S630, after the drilling hole reaches the preset depth, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 cleans the rock debris in the drilling hole, and after the cleaning is finished, the air inlet system of the drilling equipment 1 is closed, and then the water spraying mechanism 4 and the air spraying mechanism 3 are closed.
Specifically, after the preset depth of the drilling is reached to the design requirement, repeated hole cleaning is performed, and compressed air provided by an air compressor and an air cylinder of an air inlet system is used for cleaning rock scraps in the holes, so that the installation of the anchor cable is facilitated, and the construction quality of the anchor cable is improved. And after the hole cleaning is qualified, firstly closing the air inlet system, stopping gas lift back blowing slag discharging, and then closing the water spraying mechanism 4 and the air spraying mechanism 3.
Step S640, dismantling the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution.
Specifically, the drill rod 11 and the drill part 12 are removed section by section, the hole forming is completed, and the drilling apparatus 1 is removed.
And step S650, installing anchor cables in the drill hole after the drill hole is accepted, and placing a grouting pipe and a slurry return pipe in the drill hole to seal the drill hole, and filling cement slurry stirred according to a preset water-cement ratio into the drill hole through the grouting pipe.
Specifically, after acceptance, installing an anchor rope in a drill hole, stirring cement slurry according to the grouting water cement ratio requirement of a design file, placing a grouting pipe and a slurry return pipe in the drill hole, sealing a drill hole, and connecting grouting and slurry return pipelines for grouting.
It can be seen that, in the drilling process performed by the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution, the dust collecting hood 2 directly abuts against the working surface 6 of the rock mass 5, the steel dust collecting hood 2 has good deformation resistance, and has good tolerance to long-term flushing of the air lift compressed air flow which is wrapped with rock slag dust, the water spraying mechanism 4 arranged in the dust collecting hood 2 can continuously perform thorough washing and capturing on the dust-containing air flow in a relatively airtight space, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 at the rear end of the dust collecting hood 2 forms an air curtain, the air curtain can seal the tail end (the dust collecting hood 2 faces one end of the clamping device 14) of the dust collecting hood 2, the environmental pollution caused by the fact that untreated dust-containing blowback gas drifts into the atmosphere is reduced, and meanwhile, compared with the current drilling device, a fan and a corresponding post-treatment system which are used for forming negative pressure in the dust collecting hood 2 can be reduced. The slag liquid containing the rock slag is discharged to a slurry pool of a construction site and precipitated, and the formed reclaimed water can be reused, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected. The high-pressure dust-containing airflow back-blown in the pore-forming process can be subjected to wet dust fall treatment, the formed dust, rock debris and slag liquid can be collected intensively, and the pore-forming process is followed by in-pore grouting and anchor cable installation construction. The dry pore forming improves the construction efficiency, thoroughly discharges slag, has high pore forming quality, is favorable for inspection and acceptance, improves the labor environment of workers, reduces the dust content in high-pressure air flow dissipated into the atmosphere, and protects the atmosphere environment. The drilling adopts the dry method to form the hole, the hole forming speed is fast, the construction efficiency is high, the gas lift by utilizing the air inlet system of the drilling equipment 1 is thorough in hole cleaning, the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 can well collect and process the rock slag of high-pressure air flow blowback in the drilling process, the dust-containing air flow is reduced to escape into the atmosphere, the internal dry and external wet drilling device has a simple structure, convenient operation and cost saving, and the problems that the air environment is polluted and the health of people is threatened by the dust generated by the current anchor cable drilling construction are better solved. The main components of the internal dry and external wet drilling device are arranged at the front ends of the guide rail 13 and the clamping device 14, the equipment is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the device can be used in a turnover way. By using the device for dry pore-forming construction, the rock slag dust dissipated into the atmosphere during construction can be reduced by more than 90 percent.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. Can reduce interior dry outside wet drilling equipment of raise dust pollution, a serial communication port includes:
the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod and a drilling part, and the drilling part is connected with the drill rod;
the drill rod penetrates through the dust collection cover, the drill part is positioned in the dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover is used for being attached to the working surface;
the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover;
the water spraying mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover, and is closer to the working surface than the air spraying mechanism;
the dust hood includes:
the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the straight cylinder section;
the end part of the flaring section is smaller and is communicated with the straight barrel section, the end part of the flaring section is larger and faces the working surface, and the water spraying mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the flaring section;
the drilling equipment is hollow in the drill rod, and is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system is used for providing compressed air, the compressed air is used for entering the drilling part through the drill rod, and is reversely blown to a drilling surface through a nozzle reserved on the drilling part, so that rock slag at the front end of the drilling part is reversely blown into the dust collection cover along the drill hole in a gas lift mode, and the compressed air wrapped with the rock slag after the reverse blowing is washed and captured by water mist sprayed by the water spraying mechanism, so that the rock slag and the water mist are mixed to form slag liquid and then are discharged out of the dust collection cover; the rock slag which is not washed and captured by the water mist enters a space where the air injection mechanism is located, air sprayed by the air injection mechanism forms a sealed air curtain, and the air curtain rebounds the rock slag to the water injection mechanism for continuous treatment so that the rock slag and the water mist are mixed to form slag liquid and then discharged out of the dust hood;
the drilling equipment further comprises a guide rail and a clamp, wherein the clamp is arranged on the guide rail and clamps the drill rod, one side of the clamp, which faces the working surface, is connected with one end of the dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover is further arranged on the guide rail;
the drill rod penetrates through the clamping device and the dust collection cover;
the water spraying mechanism comprises:
the second pipeline is arranged around the inner wall of the dust collection cover in a multi-ring mode, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in one side, facing the drill rod, of the second pipeline, and the water outlet holes are sequentially formed in the axial direction of the second pipeline;
and the water supply equipment is communicated with the second pipeline.
2. The internal dry-out wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to claim 1, wherein the air injection mechanism comprises:
the first pipeline is arranged around the inner wall of the dust collection cover in a multi-ring mode, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in one side, facing the drill rod, of the first pipeline, and the air outlet holes are sequentially formed in the axial direction of the first pipeline;
and the air supply device is communicated with the first pipeline.
3. The internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to claim 2, wherein each air outlet hole is provided with an air spray head.
4. The internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to claim 1, wherein each water outlet is provided with a water mist nozzle.
5. A drilling method by using the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
calibrating drilling points, moving the drilling equipment to the working surface, enabling the dust collection cover to be attached to the working surface, and enabling the drilling part to be aligned to the drilling points;
simultaneously starting the drilling equipment, the air injection mechanism and the water injection mechanism, wherein part of gas sprayed by the drilling equipment from a gas inlet system provided with the drilling equipment enters the drilling part through a hollow drill rod, reversely blows towards a drilling surface through a nozzle reserved on the drilling part, wraps rock slag into the dust collecting cover, washes and captures the air wrapped with the rock slag by water mist sprayed by the water injection mechanism, and enables the rock slag which is not washed and captured by the water mist to enter a space where the air injection mechanism is located, wherein the air sprayed by the air injection mechanism forms a sealed air curtain, and the air curtain rebounds the rock slag to the water injection mechanism for continuous treatment;
after the drilling reaches the preset depth, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism cleans the rock debris in the drilling, and after the cleaning is finished, an air inlet system of the drilling equipment is closed, and then the water spraying mechanism and the air spraying mechanism are closed;
after closing the water spraying mechanism and the air spraying mechanism, the device further comprises:
removing the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution;
and installing an anchor cable in the drill hole after the drill hole is accepted, and downwards pouring a grouting pipe and a slurry return pipe into the drill hole to seal the drill hole, and pouring cement slurry stirred according to a preset water-cement ratio into the drill hole through the grouting pipe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010495446.1A CN111980604B (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and drilling method |
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| CN202010495446.1A CN111980604B (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and drilling method |
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| CN111980604B true CN111980604B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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| CN113648776B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-07-08 | 国能乌海能源五虎山矿业有限责任公司 | Automatic blowing-sucking trapping dust removal method based on low-level dust in underground mine roadway |
| CN116988764B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2024-05-14 | 河南锦源建设有限公司 | Drilling grouting equipment for mining |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB133960A (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| CN102373942B (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2014-08-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Air curtain and water mist linked system for preventing and controlling dust on comprehensive excavation surfaces |
| CN203097768U (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-07-31 | 洪克宽 | Dust removal device of dry-type drilling hole |
| CN104514504A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-15 | 平顶山市安泰华矿用安全设备制造有限公司 | Drilling dust collection hood |
| CN106869835A (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2017-06-20 | 周义平 | Down-hole drill dust removing device |
| CN211737080U (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-10-23 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Dust device of down-the-hole drill carriage |
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