CN111980604A - Internal-dry external-wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and drilling method - Google Patents
Internal-dry external-wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111980604A CN111980604A CN202010495446.1A CN202010495446A CN111980604A CN 111980604 A CN111980604 A CN 111980604A CN 202010495446 A CN202010495446 A CN 202010495446A CN 111980604 A CN111980604 A CN 111980604A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
- E21B21/015—Means engaging the bore entrance, e.g. hoods for collecting dust
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/14—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using liquids and gases, e.g. foams
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an internal dry and external wet drilling device and a drilling method capable of reducing dust pollution, wherein the device comprises: the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod and a drilling part, and the drilling part is connected with the drill rod; the drill rod penetrates through the dust hood, the drilling part is positioned in the dust hood, and the dust hood is used for being attached to an operation surface; the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover; and the water spraying mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover and is closer to the working surface than the air spraying mechanism. In the operation process, the water spraying mechanism can wash and capture dust-containing airflow, so that the environmental pollution caused by the fact that untreated dust-containing blowback gas drifts to the atmosphere is reduced, and meanwhile, compared with the conventional drilling device, the arrangement of a fan and a corresponding post-treatment system for forming negative pressure in the dust hood can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit support and geological disaster side slope treatment, in particular to an internal dry and external wet drilling device and a drilling method capable of reducing dust pollution.
Background
Anchor cable support is more and more used in the construction fields that relate to the support such as geological disaster control, building foundation ditch engineering as a construction mode and relates to. Usually, in the drilling process of drilling equipment, a large amount of rock slag dust is wrapped by high-pressure airflow and sprayed outwards along a hole wall, so that operation flour dust pollution is caused, the dust is continuously diffused along with the atmosphere, and if the wind speed in a construction area is low, the diffusion condition is poor, and people are dense, environmental protection indexes such as PM10 and PM2.5 on the periphery of a construction site reach more than 300 and seriously exceed the atmospheric limit standard, so that the health of operators and people on the periphery is threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an internal-dry external-wet drilling device and a drilling method capable of reducing dust pollution, and aims to solve the problem of air pollution caused by dust flying in the drilling construction process.
In one aspect, the present invention provides an internal dry and external wet drilling apparatus capable of reducing dust pollution, the apparatus comprising: the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod and a drilling part, and the drilling part is connected with the drill rod; the drill rod penetrates through the dust collection cover, the drilling part is positioned in the dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover is used for being attached to the operation surface; the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover; and the water spraying mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover and is closer to the working surface than the air spraying mechanism.
Further, in the above-mentioned interior dry outer wet drilling equipment that can reduce raise dust pollution, the dust cage includes: the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the straight cylinder section; the flaring section, the less one end of tip of flaring section is linked together with the straight section of thick bamboo, and the great one end of tip of flaring section is towards the working face to, water spray mechanism sets up in the inner wall of flaring section.
Further, in the above-mentioned interior dry outer wet drilling equipment that can reduce raise dust pollution, the jet mechanism includes: the first pipeline is annularly arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the dust collection cover in a multi-ring mode, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in one side, facing the drill rod, of the first pipeline, and the air outlet holes are sequentially formed in the axial direction of the first pipeline; and the air supply equipment is communicated with the first pipeline.
Furthermore, in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing the dust pollution, each air outlet is provided with an air nozzle.
Further, among the above-mentioned interior wet drilling equipment of outer of dry that can reduce raise dust pollution, the water spray mechanism includes: the second pipeline is annularly arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the dust collection cover in a multi-ring mode, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in one side, facing the drill rod, of the second pipeline, and the water outlet holes are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the second pipeline; and the water supply equipment is communicated with the second pipeline.
Furthermore, in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing the dust pollution, each water air hole is provided with a water mist spray head.
Further, in the above-mentioned interior wet drilling equipment of outer of dry that can reduce raise dust pollution, drilling equipment still includes: the clamp is arranged on the guide rail and clamps the drill rod, one side of the clamp, facing the working face, is connected with one end of the dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover is further arranged on the guide rail.
Furthermore, in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing the dust pollution, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism forms a sealed air curtain.
In the invention, it can be seen that in the operation process, the dust hood is directly abutted against the operation surface of a rock body, the steel dust hood has good deformation resistance and better tolerance to long-term scouring of gas lift compressed air flow wrapped with rock slag dust, the water spraying mechanism arranged in the dust hood can continuously and thoroughly wash and capture dust-containing air flow in a relatively closed space, air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism at the rear end of the dust hood forms an air curtain, the air curtain can seal the tail end (the end of the dust hood facing the clamp) of the dust hood, the environmental pollution caused by the fact that untreated dust-containing blowback gas drifts to the atmosphere is reduced, and meanwhile, compared with the conventional drilling device, a fan and a corresponding post-treatment system which are used for forming negative pressure in the dust hood can be reduced. And the slag liquid containing the rock slag is discharged to a mud pit of a construction site and precipitated, so that the formed reclaimed water can be reused, and the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly. High-pressure dusty air current accessible wet process dust fall of blowback is handled in the pore-forming process, and the dust detritus sediment liquid that forms can concentrate and collect, carries out downthehole slip casting and anchor rope installation construction after the pore-forming again. The dry-method pore-forming improves the construction efficiency, thoroughly discharges slag, has high pore-forming quality, is beneficial to inspection and acceptance, improves the labor environment of workers, reduces the dust content in high-pressure airflow dissipated into the atmosphere, and protects the atmospheric environment. Drilling adopts dry method pore-forming, the fast efficiency of construction of pore-forming is high, the gas lift that the air intake system that utilizes to bore drilling equipment to go on is arranged sediment and is cleared the hole thoroughly, the rock sediment of high-pressure air current blowback in the collection processing drilling process that jet-propelled mechanism and water spray mechanism can be fine reduces dusty air current loss to the atmosphere, interior dry outer wet drilling equipment simple structure, convenient operation, save the cost, better solution the raise dust that current anchor rope drilling construction produced can pollute the atmospheric environment, threaten the problem of people's health. The main parts of the drilling device with the dry inside and the wet outside are arranged at the front ends of the guide rail and the clamping device, the equipment is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the drilling device can be used in a circulating way. By using the device to carry out dry-method pore-forming construction, rock slag dust dissipated into the atmosphere in the construction can be reduced by more than 90%.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a drilling method, including the steps of: calibrating the drilling point location, moving the drilling equipment to the operation surface, attaching the dust hood to the operation surface, and aligning the drilling part with the drilling point location; simultaneously starting the drilling equipment, the air injection mechanism and the water injection mechanism, wherein a part of gas injected by an air inlet system of the drilling equipment enters the drilling part through a hollow drill rod, is reversely blown to a drilling surface through a nozzle reserved on the drilling part, wraps the rock slag and enters a dust collection cover, air wrapped with the rock slag is washed and captured by water mist injected by the water injection mechanism, the rock slag which is not washed and captured by the water mist enters a space where the air injection mechanism is located, the air injected by the air injection mechanism forms a sealed air curtain, and the air curtain rebounds the rock slag to the water injection mechanism for continuous treatment; after the drilled hole reaches the preset depth, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism cleans the rock debris in the drilled hole, and after the cleaning is completed, the air inlet system of the drilling equipment is closed, and then the water spraying mechanism and the air spraying mechanism are closed. .
Further, in the above drilling method, after the water spraying mechanism and the air spraying mechanism are turned off, the method further includes: dismantling an internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution; and after the drilled hole is qualified, installing an anchor cable in the drilled hole, sealing the drilled hole by a lower grouting pipe and a grout return pipe in the drilled hole, and pouring cement grout mixed according to a preset water cement ratio into the drilled hole through the grouting pipe.
In the invention, it can be seen that in the drilling process by adopting the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing the dust pollution, the dust hood is directly abutted against the working surface of the rock body, the steel dust hood has good deformation resistance, the long-term scouring of the air-lift compressed air flow wrapped with rock slag dust has better tolerance, the water spraying mechanism arranged in the dust hood can continuously wash and capture the dust-containing air flow in a relatively closed space, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism at the rear end of the dust hood forms an air curtain which can seal the tail end of the dust hood (the end of the dust hood facing the clamp), and the environmental pollution caused by the scattering of untreated dust-containing blowback gas into the atmosphere is reduced, simultaneously, compared with the prior drilling device, the blower arranged for forming negative pressure in the dust hood and the corresponding aftertreatment system can be reduced. And the slag liquid containing the rock slag is discharged to a mud pit of a construction site and precipitated, so that the formed reclaimed water can be reused, and the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly. High-pressure dusty air current accessible wet process dust fall of blowback is handled in the pore-forming process, and the dust detritus sediment liquid that forms can concentrate and collect, carries out downthehole slip casting and anchor rope installation construction after the pore-forming again. The dry-method pore-forming improves the construction efficiency, thoroughly discharges slag, has high pore-forming quality, is beneficial to inspection and acceptance, improves the labor environment of workers, reduces the dust content in high-pressure airflow dissipated into the atmosphere, and protects the atmospheric environment. Drilling adopts dry method pore-forming, the fast efficiency of construction of pore-forming is high, the gas lift that the air intake system that utilizes to bore drilling equipment to go on is arranged sediment and is cleared the hole thoroughly, the rock sediment of high-pressure air current blowback in the collection processing drilling process that jet-propelled mechanism and water spray mechanism can be fine reduces dusty air current loss to the atmosphere, interior dry outer wet drilling equipment simple structure, convenient operation, save the cost, better solution the raise dust that current anchor rope drilling construction produced can pollute the atmospheric environment, threaten the problem of people's health. The main parts of the drilling device with the dry inside and the wet outside are arranged at the front ends of the guide rail and the clamping device, the equipment is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the drilling device can be used in a circulating way. By using the device to carry out dry-method pore-forming construction, rock slag dust dissipated into the atmosphere in the construction can be reduced by more than 90%.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of drilling by the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of a dust hood, an air injection mechanism and a water injection mechanism in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air injection mechanism in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water spraying mechanism in the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The embodiment of the device is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a preferred structure of the internal dry and external wet drilling device provided by the embodiment capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution is shown. As shown, the apparatus comprises: the drilling equipment comprises drilling equipment 1, a dust collection cover 2, an air injection mechanism 3 and a water injection mechanism 4. The drilling equipment 1 comprises a drill rod 11, a drilling part 12, a guide rail 13, a clamping device 14 and a rack 15, wherein the rack 15 is connected to the front end of the guide rail 13, the clamping device 14 is arranged on the guide rail 13, the drill rod 11 penetrates through the clamping device 14, and the clamping device 14 clamps the drill rod 11. The dust cage 2 is made of a steel plate with the thickness of 3mm, the dust cage 2 is connected with the front end of the clamping device 14, and when the drilling equipment 1 drills the rock body 5, the front end of the clamping device 14 is the side of the clamping device 14 facing the working surface 6. Meanwhile, the dust cage 2 is also disposed on the guide rail 13. Referring to fig. 2, the drill rod 11 is also inserted into the dust cage 2 at the same time as the clamp 14 is inserted, and when the rock body 5 is drilled by the drilling equipment 1, one end of the dust cage 2 facing the working surface 6 is attached to the working surface 6. The drilling part 12 for drilling the rock body 5 is connected with the drill rod 11, the drilling part 12 is also positioned in the dust hood 2, when the drilling equipment 1 drills the rock body 5, the drilling part 12 can extend out of the dust hood 2 under the driving of the drill rod 11, and the drilling part 12 can be a drill bit or an impactor. Referring to fig. 3, the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 are both disposed on the inner wall of the dust collection hood 2, the water injection mechanism 4 is closer to the working surface 6 than the air injection mechanism 3, the air injection mechanism 3 and the space near the air injection mechanism form an air system section 7, and the water injection mechanism 4 and the space near the air injection mechanism form a water system section 8.
The process of drilling by using the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing the dust pollution is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the operation surface 6 to be constructed is measured according to a construction drawing, the drilling point position is calibrated, the drilling equipment 1 is moved to the construction surface, the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 are connected, and the internal dry and external wet drilling device is subjected to test operation. The frame 15 and the dust hood 2 are tightly pressed against the working surface 6 by adjusting a hydraulic rod for controlling the direction of the guide rail frame when the guide rail 13 is operated to be close to the drilling position, so that the drilling part 12 is vertically opposite to the drilling position, and if the working surface 6 is on an inclined plane, the accurate inclination angle of the dust hood 2 is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, the drilling device 1 is started, the drilling part 12 is driven by the drill rod 11 to drill into the rock body 5, and the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 are synchronously opened. The drilling equipment 1 is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system comprises an air compressor and an air cylinder, the air inlet system provides a part of compressed air to blow back to the drilling surface through a hollow drill rod 11 and a nozzle reserved on a drilling part 12, and rock slag at the front end of the drilling surface is blown back into the dust hood 2 along the drilling hole in a gas lift mode. Compressed air flow wrapped with rock slag firstly enters a water system section 8 at the end of the dust collection cover 2, is washed and captured by high-pressure water mist sprayed by the water spraying mechanism 4, most rock slag particles are mixed with the water mist to form slag liquid, flows out of the dust collection cover 2 and is discharged into a construction site sedimentation tank through a construction site ditch. A small amount of rock slag particles which are not washed and captured by water mist in time enter an air system section 7 at the rear part of the dust hood 2 along with air lift compressed air provided by an air inlet system, air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 forms a sealed air curtain, the flow state of the air lift compressed air is thoroughly destroyed by the air curtain, the rock slag particles are rebounded to a water system section 8 at the front end of the dust hood 2 to be continuously treated after encountering a high-pressure air curtain, then are mixed by water mist to form slag liquid, and the slag liquid is discharged into a sedimentation tank at a construction site for centralized treatment. During construction, the impactor and the drill rod 11 drill holes according to the air pressure and the drilling speed required by the design.
After the drilling depth of the design requirement is reached, the hole is repeatedly cleaned, and rock debris in the hole is cleaned by compressed air provided by an air compressor and an air cylinder of the air intake system, so that the installation of the anchor cable is facilitated, and the construction quality of the anchor cable is improved. And after the hole is cleaned to be qualified, firstly closing the air inlet system, stopping gas lift blowback to remove slag, then closing the water spraying mechanism 4 and the air spraying mechanism 3, dismantling the drill rod 11 and the impactor section by section, finishing hole forming, and removing the drilling equipment 1.
After acceptance, installing an anchor cable in the hole, mixing cement slurry according to the grouting water cement ratio requirement of the design file, pouring a slurry pipe and a slurry return pipe into the hole, making a hole opening seal, connecting a slurry injection pipeline and a slurry return pipeline, and grouting.
Referring again to fig. 3, the dust collection cover 2 includes: a straight barrel section 21 and a flared section 22. The first end (right end shown in fig. 3) of the straight cylinder section 21 is connected with the clamper 14, the air injection mechanism 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the straight cylinder section 21, and the air injection mechanism 3 and the straight cylinder section 21 form the wind system section 7. The smaller end (right end shown in fig. 3) of the flared section 22 is connected to the second end (left end shown in fig. 3) of the straight tube section 21, and the larger end (left end shown in fig. 3) of the flared section 22 faces the working surface 6 and is in close contact with the working surface 6 when drilling. The water spraying mechanism 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the flaring section 22, and the flaring section 22 and the water spraying mechanism 4 form a water system section 8. It can be seen that the dust cage 2 is trumpet shaped. In specific implementation, the cross-sectional shapes of the straight cylinder section 21 and the flared section 22 are both square.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the air injection mechanism 3 includes: a first duct 31, an air supply device and an air shower 32. First pipeline 31 is located the circumference of dust cage 2 inner walls with the form ring of many rings, and simultaneously, a plurality of ventholes have been seted up towards one side of drilling rod 11 to first pipeline 31, and each venthole evenly sets up along the axial of first pipeline 31 in proper order, and the number of air shower nozzle 32 is the same with the number of venthole, and every venthole all is connected with an air shower nozzle 32. The air supply device is communicated with the first pipeline 31 and is used for providing compressed air, and in particular, the air supply device may be an air pump, and the air pump may be an air pump of an air inlet system of the drilling device 1. The first pipeline 31 is communicated with an air supply device through a first hose 33, and a valve is arranged on the first hose 33, so that the air injection amount is adjusted, and the maximum dust settling effect is achieved.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the water spray mechanism 4 includes: second pipeline 41, water supply equipment and water smoke shower nozzle 42, second pipeline 41 encircles the circumference of locating 2 inner walls of dust cage with the form of many circles, and simultaneously, a plurality of apopores have been seted up towards one side of drilling rod 11 to second pipeline 41, and each apopore evenly sets up along second pipeline 41's axial in proper order, and the number of water smoke shower nozzle 42 is the same with the number of apopore, and every apopore all is connected with a water smoke shower nozzle 42. The water supply device is communicated with the second pipeline 41 and is used for supplying high-pressure water, and in particular, the water supply device can be a water pump. The second pipe 41 is communicated with the water supply device through a second hose 43, and a valve is arranged on the second hose 43, so that the water spraying amount is adjusted, and the maximum dust settling effect is achieved.
In the embodiment, it can be seen that, in the operation process, the dust hood 2 directly abuts against the operation surface 6 of the rock body 5, the steel dust hood 2 has good deformation resistance and better tolerance to long-term scouring of the air-lift compressed air flow wrapped with rock slag dust, the water spraying mechanism 4 installed inside the dust hood 2 can continuously wash and capture the dust-containing air flow in a relatively closed space, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 at the rear end of the dust hood 2 forms an air curtain, the air curtain can seal the tail end (the end of the dust hood 2 facing the clamp 14) of the dust hood 2, and environmental pollution caused by the fact that untreated dust-containing blowback gas drifts into the atmosphere is reduced. And the slag liquid containing the rock slag is discharged to a mud pit of a construction site and precipitated, so that the formed reclaimed water can be reused, and the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly. High-pressure dusty air current accessible wet process dust fall of blowback is handled in the pore-forming process, and the dust detritus sediment liquid that forms can concentrate and collect, carries out downthehole slip casting and anchor rope installation construction after the pore-forming again. The dry-method pore-forming improves the construction efficiency, thoroughly discharges slag, has high pore-forming quality, is beneficial to inspection and acceptance, improves the labor environment of workers, reduces the dust content in high-pressure airflow dissipated into the atmosphere, and protects the atmospheric environment. Drilling adopts dry method pore-forming, the fast efficiency of construction of pore-forming is high, the gas lift that the air intake system that utilizes to bore drilling equipment 1 self-band goes on is arranged sediment and is cleared the hole thoroughly, the rock sediment of high-pressure air current blowback in the collection processing drilling process that jet-propelled mechanism 3 and water spray mechanism 4 can be fine reduces dusty air current loss to the atmosphere in, interior dry outer wet drilling equipment simple structure, convenient operation, save the cost, better solution the raise dust that current anchor rope drilling construction produced can pollute the atmospheric environment, threaten the problem of people's health. The main parts of the drilling device with the dry inside and the wet outside are arranged at the front ends of the guide rail 13 and the clamping device 14, the equipment is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the drilling device can be used repeatedly. By using the device to carry out dry-method pore-forming construction, rock slag dust dissipated into the atmosphere in the construction can be reduced by more than 90%.
The method comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a drilling method provided in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
step S610, calibrating the drilling point position, moving the drilling equipment 1 to the operation surface 6, enabling the dust hood 2 to be attached to the operation surface 6, and enabling the drilling part 12 to be aligned with the drilling point position.
Specifically, the drilling is performed by using the drilling device for internal dry and external wet in the device embodiment, and the specific structure and implementation of the drilling device for internal dry and external wet refer to the above embodiments, which are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 1, the internal dry and external wet drilling device is manufactured according to the structure of the internal dry and external wet drilling device provided by the embodiment, then measurement is performed on an operation surface 6 to be constructed according to a construction drawing, a drilling point position is calibrated, the drilling equipment 1 is moved to the construction surface, the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 are connected, and trial operation is performed on the internal dry and external wet drilling device. The guide rail 13 is operated to be close to the drilling position, the frame 15 and the dust hood 2 are tightly pressed against the working surface 6 by adjusting the position of the machine and controlling a hydraulic rod in the frame direction of the guide rail 13, the drilling part 12 is vertically opposite to the drilling position, and if the working surface 6 is on an inclined plane, the accurate inclination angle of the dust hood 2 is ensured.
Step S620, the drilling equipment 1, the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 are started simultaneously, a part of gas sprayed by an air inlet system of the drilling equipment 1 enters the drilling part 12 through the hollow drill rod 11, is back blown to the drilling surface through a nozzle reserved on the drilling part 12, wraps the rock slag and enters the dust collection cover 2, air wrapped with the rock slag is washed and captured by water mist sprayed by the water injection mechanism 4, the rock slag which is not washed and captured by the water mist enters a space where the air injection mechanism 3 is located, air sprayed by the air injection mechanism 3 forms a sealed air curtain, and the rock slag is rebounded to the water injection mechanism 4 by the air curtain to be continuously processed.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the drilling apparatus 1 is started, the drilling portion 12 is driven by the drill rod 11 to drill into the rock mass 5, and the air injection mechanism 3 and the water injection mechanism 4 are synchronously opened. The drilling equipment 1 is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system comprises an air compressor and an air cylinder, the air inlet system provides a part of compressed air to blow back to the drilling surface through a hollow drill rod 11 and a nozzle reserved on a drilling part 12, and rock slag at the front end of the drilling surface is blown back into the dust hood 2 along the drilling hole in a gas lift mode. Compressed air flow wrapped with rock slag firstly enters a water system section 8 at the end of the dust collection cover 2, is washed and captured by high-pressure water mist sprayed by the water spraying mechanism 4, most rock slag particles are mixed with the water mist to form slag liquid, flows out of the dust collection cover 2 and is discharged into a construction site sedimentation tank through a construction site ditch. A small amount of rock slag particles which are not washed and captured by water mist in time enter an air system section 7 at the rear part of the dust hood 2 along with air lift compressed air provided by an air inlet system, air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 forms a sealed air curtain, the flow state of the air lift compressed air is thoroughly destroyed by the air curtain, the rock slag particles are rebounded to a water system section 8 at the front end of the dust hood 2 to be continuously treated after encountering a high-pressure air curtain, then are mixed by water mist to form slag liquid, and the slag liquid is discharged into a sedimentation tank at a construction site for centralized treatment. During construction, the impactor and the drill rod 11 drill holes according to the air pressure and the drilling speed required by the design.
Step S630, after the drilled hole reaches the preset depth, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 cleans the rock debris in the drilled hole, and after the cleaning is completed, the air inlet system of the drilling equipment 1 is closed, and then the water spraying mechanism 4 and the air spraying mechanism 3 are closed.
Specifically, after the preset depth of the drilled hole meeting the design requirement is reached, the hole is repeatedly cleaned, and rock debris in the hole is cleaned by utilizing compressed air provided by an air compressor and an air cylinder of an air inlet system, so that the installation of the anchor cable is facilitated, and the construction quality of the anchor cable is improved. And after the hole cleaning is qualified, the air inlet system is closed, the gas lift blowback is stopped, slag is discharged, and then the water spraying mechanism 4 and the air spraying mechanism 3 are closed.
And step S640, removing the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution.
In particular, the drill rod 11 and the drilled part 12 are dismantled section by section, the hole is completed and the drilling apparatus 1 is removed.
And S650, after the drilled hole is qualified, installing an anchor cable in the drilled hole, placing a grouting pipe and a grout return pipe in the drilled hole, sealing the drilled hole, and pouring cement grout mixed according to a preset water cement ratio into the drilled hole through the grouting pipe.
Specifically, after the experience is collected, an anchor cable is installed in the drill hole, cement slurry is mixed according to the grouting water cement ratio requirement of the design file, a grouting pipe and a grout return pipe are arranged in the drill hole, the drill hole opening is closed, and grouting and grout return pipelines are connected for grouting.
It can be seen that, in the drilling process by adopting the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing the dust pollution, the dust cage 2 is directly propped against the working surface 6 of the rock body 5, the steel dust cage 2 has good deformation resistance, the long-term scouring of the air-lift compressed air flow wrapped with rock slag dust has better tolerance, the water spraying mechanism 4 arranged in the dust collection cover 2 can continuously wash and capture the dust-containing air flow in a relatively closed space, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism 3 at the rear end of the dust collection cover 2 forms an air curtain which can seal the tail end of the dust collection cover 2 (one end of the dust collection cover 2 facing the clamp 14) to reduce the environmental pollution caused by the untreated dust-containing blowback gas drifting to the atmosphere, at the same time, the fans and the corresponding aftertreatment systems provided for creating a negative pressure in the dust hood 2 can be reduced compared to current drilling devices. And the slag liquid containing the rock slag is discharged to a mud pit of a construction site and precipitated, so that the formed reclaimed water can be reused, and the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly. High-pressure dusty air current accessible wet process dust fall of blowback is handled in the pore-forming process, and the dust detritus sediment liquid that forms can concentrate and collect, carries out downthehole slip casting and anchor rope installation construction after the pore-forming again. The dry-method pore-forming improves the construction efficiency, thoroughly discharges slag, has high pore-forming quality, is beneficial to inspection and acceptance, improves the labor environment of workers, reduces the dust content in high-pressure airflow dissipated into the atmosphere, and protects the atmospheric environment. Drilling adopts dry method pore-forming, the fast efficiency of construction of pore-forming is high, the gas lift that the air intake system that utilizes to bore drilling equipment 1 self-band goes on is arranged sediment and is cleared the hole thoroughly, the rock sediment of high-pressure air current blowback in the collection processing drilling process that jet-propelled mechanism 3 and water spray mechanism 4 can be fine reduces dusty air current loss to the atmosphere in, interior dry outer wet drilling equipment simple structure, convenient operation, save the cost, better solution the raise dust that current anchor rope drilling construction produced can pollute the atmospheric environment, threaten the problem of people's health. The main parts of the drilling device with the dry inside and the wet outside are arranged at the front ends of the guide rail 13 and the clamping device 14, the equipment is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the drilling device can be used repeatedly. By using the device to carry out dry-method pore-forming construction, rock slag dust dissipated into the atmosphere in the construction can be reduced by more than 90%.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. An inside-dry outside-wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution, comprising:
the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod and a drilling part, and the drilling part is connected with the drill rod;
the drill rod penetrates through the dust hood, the drilling part is positioned in the dust hood, and the dust hood is used for being attached to an operation surface;
the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover;
and the water spraying mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection cover and is closer to the working surface than the air spraying mechanism.
2. The inside dry outside wet drilling apparatus capable of reducing fugitive dust contamination according to claim 1, wherein the dust cage comprises:
the air injection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the straight cylinder section;
the small end of the end part of the flaring section is communicated with the straight cylinder section, the large end of the end part of the flaring section faces the operation surface, and the water spraying mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the flaring section.
3. The inside-dry outside-wet drilling device capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution according to claim 1, wherein the air injection mechanism comprises:
the first pipeline is annularly arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the dust collection cover in a multi-ring mode, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in one side, facing the drill rod, of the first pipeline, and the air outlet holes are sequentially formed in the axial direction of the first pipeline;
and the gas supply equipment is communicated with the first pipeline.
4. The inside-dry outside-wet drilling device capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution according to claim 3,
and each air outlet is provided with an air nozzle.
5. The inside dry outside wet drilling device capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution according to claim 1, wherein the water spraying mechanism comprises:
the second pipeline is annularly arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the dust collection cover in a multi-ring mode, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in one side, facing the drill rod, of the second pipeline, and the water outlet holes are sequentially formed in the axial direction of the second pipeline;
a water supply device in communication with the second conduit.
6. The inside-dry outside-wet drilling device capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution according to claim 5,
and each water air hole is provided with a water mist spray head.
7. The inside-dry outside-wet drilling device capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution according to claim 1,
the drilling apparatus further comprises: the clamp is arranged on the guide rail and clamps the drill rod, one side of the clamp, facing the working face, is connected with one end of the dust collection cover, and the dust collection cover is further arranged on the guide rail.
8. The inside dry and outside wet drilling device capable of reducing fugitive dust pollution according to claim 1,
the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism forms a sealed air curtain.
9. A drilling method by using the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing the flying dust pollution according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calibrating a drilling point location, moving the drilling equipment to the operation surface, enabling the dust hood to be attached to the operation surface, and enabling the drilling part to align at the drilling point location;
simultaneously starting the drilling equipment, the air spraying mechanism and the water spraying mechanism, wherein a part of gas sprayed by an air inlet system of the drilling equipment enters the drilling part through the hollow drill rod, is reversely blown to a drilling surface through a nozzle reserved on the drilling part, and enters the dust collection hood with wrapped rock slag, air wrapped with wrapped rock slag is washed and captured by water mist sprayed by the water spraying mechanism, the rock slag which is not washed and captured by the water mist enters a space where the air spraying mechanism is located, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism forms a sealed air curtain, and the air curtain rebounds the rock slag to the water spraying mechanism for continuous processing;
after the drilled hole reaches the preset depth, the air sprayed by the air spraying mechanism cleans the rock debris in the drilled hole, and after the cleaning is completed, the air inlet system of the drilling equipment is closed firstly, and then the water spraying mechanism and the air spraying mechanism are closed.
10. The drilling method according to claim 9, further comprising, after turning off the water spray mechanism and the air spray mechanism:
dismantling the internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution;
and after the drilled holes are qualified, installing anchor cables in the drilled holes, sealing the drilled holes by a lower grouting pipe and a grout return pipe in the drilled holes, and pouring cement grout mixed according to a preset water cement ratio into the drilled holes through the grouting pipes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010495446.1A CN111980604B (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and drilling method |
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| CN202010495446.1A CN111980604B (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Internal dry and external wet drilling device capable of reducing dust pollution and drilling method |
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| CN111980604B CN111980604B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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| CN113648776A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-16 | 潍坊智汇贻成科技创新有限公司 | Automatic blowing-sucking trapping dust removal method based on low-level dust in underground mine roadway |
| CN116988764A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-03 | 河南锦源建设有限公司 | Drilling grouting equipment for mining |
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|---|---|
| CN111980604B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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