CN111975302B - Machining method based on sleeve type valve plug part - Google Patents
Machining method based on sleeve type valve plug part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111975302B CN111975302B CN202010869960.7A CN202010869960A CN111975302B CN 111975302 B CN111975302 B CN 111975302B CN 202010869960 A CN202010869960 A CN 202010869960A CN 111975302 B CN111975302 B CN 111975302B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/001—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings
Abstract
The invention provides a sleeve-type valve plug part processing method which is used for solving the problem that the quality and the precision of a finished product are influenced by the existing processing method. The method comprises the following steps: a valve rod pretreatment processing step, wherein the valve rod is subjected to finish machining to the size of a finished product; a valve plug pretreatment processing step, namely processing the non-peripheral surface part of the valve plug to the size of a finished product, and processing the peripheral surface of the valve plug until the rough processing procedure is completed; a component assembling step, namely assembling the valve rod and the valve plug which are subjected to the pretreatment processing to form a semi-finished product; and a semi-finished product processing step, wherein an axial clamping tool is used for carrying out axial stress clamping on the valve plug, and the valve rod is used as a reference, and the finish machining cutting amount of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug is determined and processed through the roundness jump and the straightness of the valve rod on the semi-finished product. The method has the characteristics of high processing precision and high processing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of valve machining, in particular to a machining method based on a sleeve type valve plug part.
Background
In the design of sleeve type valve structure, the valve plug component is one of the key components of the series of products and is also the core component of each series of sleeve type valves.
The component is generally formed by assembling a valve rod and a valve plug, mechanically fastening and the like, has the advantages of large guide area, good shock resistance, strong cavitation resistance and cavitation resistance, and the like, but the component is composed of the following base materials: s20910+ 440C; 316L + (316L + ST 6); 316L +1Cr12WMoV and other base materials, namely the base materials have the characteristics of large cutting heat, large linear expansion coefficient, easy cutter adhesion, easy cutter abrasion and the like; in addition, secondary or multiple clamping is always performed in the machining and clamping process, the size and form and position tolerance are difficult to control, the surface quality is not controlled, the machining and manufacturing cost is high, and the like, because the parts are determined by the design structure characteristics, namely the valve plug is matched with the slender valve rod, when the fastening connection threaded hole and the valve plug positioning guide hole are not concentric, the precision of the whole part is extremely easy to exceed the standard, namely the valve rod generates axial deflection (0.4 mm-2 mm) relative to the valve plug, and the whole machine leakage exceeds the standard (GB/T4213 and GB/T17213 both have definite valve whole machine leakage indexes).
Currently, in the processing of the valve plug component, the applied processing method has disadvantages, such as: the clamping mode is unreasonable, and repeated or multiple times of clamping are more, so that the machining size and precision are controlled poorly. Thereby affecting the comprehensive indexes such as valve whole leakage and the like. Therefore, the problem of a clamping mode for machining a finished valve plug part is solved, machining precision and surface roughness are improved, machining operation efficiency is improved, and rapid production of products is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for machining a sleeve-type valve plug member, which is used to solve the problems that the machining accuracy is reduced due to the multiple clamping operations required in the conventional machining method, the outer circumferential surface of the valve plug is damaged due to the conventional radial clamping operation, the clamping position needs to be replaced, and the machining accuracy of the valve plug is reduced due to multiple factors.
To achieve the foregoing and other related objects, the present invention provides a sleeve based valve plug component manufacturing method, comprising the steps of:
a valve rod pretreatment processing step, wherein the valve rod is subjected to finish machining to the size of a finished product;
a valve plug pretreatment processing step, namely processing the non-peripheral surface part of the valve plug to the size of a finished product, and processing the peripheral surface of the valve plug until the rough processing procedure is completed;
a component assembling step, namely assembling the valve rod and the valve plug which are subjected to the pretreatment processing to form a semi-finished product;
and a semi-finished product processing step, wherein an axial clamping tool is used for carrying out axial stress clamping on the valve plug, and the valve rod is used as a reference, and the finish machining cutting amount of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug is determined and processed through the roundness jump and the straightness of the valve rod on the semi-finished product.
Optionally, in the semi-finished product processing step, the finishing step of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug includes:
primary cutting and finishing: a cutting allowance of1The feed amount is a2The main shaft rotating speed is a3。
Optionally, the method further includes:
secondary cutting and finishing: a cutting allowance of b1The feed amount is b2Main shaft rotation speed of b3Wherein, in the step (A),
a1＞b1，a2＞b2，a3＞b3。
optionally, a1＞7b1，a2＞2b2，a3＞5+b3。
Optionally, the method further includes:
and (3) a third cutting finishing step: a bite of c1Feed rate of c2Main shaft rotation speed of c3Wherein, in the step (A),
b1＞c1，b2＞c2，b3＞c3。
optionally, b1＞3c1，b2＞2c2，b3＞1.5c3
Optionally, the last cutting finish machining is processed by using electrostrictive finishing equipment.
Optionally, in the third cutting finish machining step, the rotating speed of a machine tool spindle is 20 r/min; the feeding amount is 0.02 mm/r; the electrostrictive finishing equipment draft was 0.03mm and the air supply pressure was set at 120 Kpa.
Optionally, the valve rod preprocessing processing step comprises:
when the bar is manufactured by hot rolling, hot rolling the bar, solution treatment, rough and semi-finish turning, and leaving a grinding allowance, grinding and finishing;
when the forging piece is manufactured, the forging piece is subjected to rough machining, solution treatment, rough and semi-finish turning, finish turning and grinding and finishing machining after grinding allowance is left;
the valve plug pretreatment processing steps comprise:
when the valve plug is manufactured by a forging piece, forging, solution treatment, rough turning of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug and finish turning of the non-outer peripheral surface part of the valve plug are carried out;
when manufactured from a casting, casting-rough machining-annealing-rough turning-quenching, tempering-rough turning of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug-finish turning of the non-outer peripheral surface portion of the valve plug.
Optionally, the valve rod is made of SUS630,
the valve rod is also provided with a precipitation hardening treatment step between the semi-finish turning and the finish turning.
As described above, the method for manufacturing a plug member based on a sleeve type according to the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects:
the method has no higher requirements on the processing service capability, equipment precision and operation skill of each link, the arrangement process is reasonable, and the division of production organization into labor is clear. The clamping problem is thoroughly solved at one time, the working efficiency is high, the axial stress is uniformly avoided from the generation of radial deformation and radial clamping stress, the processing size and precision of the whole part are completely controllable, and the processing speed and precision of the part are greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the axial positioning tool of the present invention during clamping.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of K in fig. 1.
Element number description: the valve comprises a valve rod 1, a valve plug 2, a first end head 31, a second end head 32, an axial pull rod 33 and a clamping step 34.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Please refer to fig. 1-2. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, and are not used for limiting the conditions of the present disclosure, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the conditions of the present disclosure, and any modifications of the structures, the changes of the ratios, or the adjustments of the sizes, should fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the functions and the achievable purposes of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
The following examples are for illustrative purposes only. The various embodiments may be combined, and are not limited to what is presented in the following single embodiment.
The invention provides a machining method based on a sleeve type valve plug part, which comprises the following steps of:
a valve rod 1 pretreatment processing step, wherein the valve rod 1 is subjected to finish machining to a finished product size;
a valve plug 2 pretreatment processing step, namely processing the non-peripheral surface part of the valve plug 2 to the size of a finished product, and processing the peripheral surface of the valve plug 2 until the rough processing procedure is completed;
a component assembling step, namely assembling the valve rod 1 and the valve plug 2 which are subjected to pretreatment processing to form a semi-finished product;
and a semi-finished product processing step, wherein an axial clamping tool is used for carrying out axial stress clamping on the valve plug 2, and the valve rod 1 is used as a reference, and the finish machining cutting amount of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug 2 is determined and processed through the roundness jump and the straightness of the valve rod 1 on the semi-finished product. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in fig. 1, the axial positioning tool includes a first end head 31, a second end head 32 and a plurality of axial pull rods 33, the first end head 31 is inserted into one end of the valve plug 2, the second end head 32 is inserted into the other end of the valve plug 2, the outer walls of the first end head 31 and the second end head 32 are respectively provided with a retaining step 34, the outer wall of the retaining step 34 is located within the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug 2 (specifically, refer to fig. 2), and the axial pull rods 33 penetrate through the second end head 32 and are matched with the threaded holes of the first end head 31; the valve stem 1 passes through the first end 31.
The valve rod 1 is processed into a finished product in advance, the non-outer circumferential surface of the valve plug 2 is processed into a finished product, the outer circumferential surface of the valve plug 2 is firstly roughly processed, then the valve rod 1 and the valve plug 2 are combined to form a semi-finished product, at the moment, the valve rod 1 and the valve plug 2 are combined, the outer circumferential machining allowance of the valve plug 2 is determined by taking the valve rod 1 as a reference, machining and assembling errors between the valve rod 1 and the valve plug 2 can be corrected, secondary assembly is not needed after the outer circumferential surface of the valve plug 2 is machined, errors are reduced, radial stress deformation is avoided by axial stress clamping, multiple times of clamping is not needed, machining is completed by one-time clamping, the method has no high requirements on machining service capacity of all links, equipment precision and operating skill, the arrangement process is reasonable, and the division of production organization is clear. The clamping problem is thoroughly solved at one time, the working efficiency is high, the axial stress is uniformly avoided from the generation of radial deformation and radial clamping stress, the processing size and precision of the whole part are completely controllable, and the processing speed and precision of the part are greatly improved.
In this embodiment, optionally, in the semi-finished product processing step, the finishing step of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug 2 includes:
primary cutting and finishing: a cutting allowance of1The feed amount is a2The main shaft rotating speed is a3。
Further optionally, the method further includes:
secondary cutting and finishing: a cutting allowance of b1The feed amount is b2Main shaft rotation speed of b3Wherein, in the step (A),
a1＞b1，a2＞b2，a3＞b3。
by carrying out cutting finish machining for multiple times in stages, the tool consumption, the feeding amount and the rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutting finish machining are gradually reduced, on one hand, the machining efficiency is guaranteed, meanwhile, the roughness of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug 2 is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the machining precision is also guaranteed.
In this example, a1＞7b1，a2＞2b2，a3＞5+b3. Through the control to the amount of eating, feed and main shaft rotational speed, the roughness of 2 outer peripheral faces of assurance valve plug that can be better has also further improved the precision of processing simultaneously.
In this embodiment, optionally, the method further includes:
and (3) a third cutting finishing step: a bite of c1Feed rate of c2Main shaft rotation speed of c3Wherein, in the step (A),
b1＞c1，b2＞c2，b3＞c3. On the basis of the above embodiment, the step of cutting finish machining is further subdivided, andthe more the last procedure, the smaller the tool consumption, the feed amount and the main shaft rotating speed are, the roughness of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug 2 is ensured, and the processing precision is further improved. In order to further obtain higher precision and guarantee the requirement of roughness, optionally, b1＞3c1，b2＞2c2，b3＞1.5c3。
In this embodiment, the last cutting finish machining is performed by using an electrostrictive finishing device. Optionally, in the third cutting finish machining step, the rotating speed of a machine tool spindle is 20 r/min; the feeding amount is 0.02 mm/r; the electrostrictive finishing equipment draft was 0.03mm and the air supply pressure was set at 120 Kpa.
Electrostriction: the strain produced by a dielectric under an external electric field, proportional to the square of the field strength, is called electrostriction. The electrostriction vibration has good stability, is not easily influenced by temperature, humidity and current, and has stable amplitude and output.
The processing principle is as follows: electrostriction finishing device produces stable high frequency, vibration a little to thousands of g's acceleration promotes the tool bit, acts on metal work piece surface, carries out microcosmic forging and microcosmic remolding to metal work piece, and makes the tool bit grind along work piece axis direction, and one-time processing can reduce work piece roughness value by a wide margin, still durable under abominable operating mode.
The application range is as follows: excircle, inner hole, plane, conical surface, R arc, spherical surface, cavity type workpiece and the like.
The method is characterized in that: 1. the electrostriction finishing device adopts a digital circuit control system, so that the electrostriction finishing device has stable and reliable performance and high electromechanical conversion efficiency.
2. The processing effect is good: the surface roughness Ra of the workpiece can be reduced from about Ra6.3 to Ra0.8-Ra0.1 by one-time processing, and the mirror surface effect is achieved. 3. The processing efficiency is high: the efficiency of the machine tool is equivalent to that of semi-finishing or finishing. 4. After electrostriction finishing processing, the surface microhardness of the processed part of the workpiece can be improved by 5 to 30 percent, a certain compressive stress is preset, and the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the fatigue performance of the workpiece are improved. 5. The use is simple and convenient, the requirement on workers is low, and the operation is finished by skilled operators. The workpiece does not need secondary clamping, so that the working procedures are reduced, and manpower and material resources are saved. 6. The electrostriction finishing improves the working environment, does not produce sand grains, dust, scrap iron and the like in the processing process, and does not need ventilation and dust removal equipment.
In this embodiment, optionally, the pretreatment processing step of the valve rod 1 includes:
when the bar is manufactured by hot rolling, hot rolling the bar, solution treatment, rough and semi-finish turning, and leaving a grinding allowance, grinding and finishing;
when the forging piece is manufactured, the forging piece is subjected to rough machining, solution treatment, rough and semi-finish turning, finish turning and grinding and finishing machining after grinding allowance is left;
the pretreatment processing steps of the valve plug 2 comprise:
when the valve plug is manufactured by a forging piece, forging, solution treatment, rough turning of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug 2 and finish turning of the non-outer peripheral surface part of the valve plug 2 are carried out;
when manufactured from a cast product, casting-rough machining-annealing-rough turning-quenching, tempering-rough turning of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug 2-finish turning of the non-outer peripheral surface portion of the valve plug 2.
In this embodiment, the material of the valve rod 1 is SUS630, and a precipitation hardening treatment step is further provided between the semi-finish turning and the finish turning of the valve rod 1.
To better explain the above processing method, the following description is made with several parameters of actual processing:
primary cutting finishing parameters
Secondary cutting finishing parameters
In conclusion, the method has no higher requirements on the processing service capacity, equipment precision and operation skill of each link, the arrangement process is reasonable, and the production organization is clear in labor division. The clamping problem is thoroughly solved once, the working efficiency is high, the axial stress uniformly avoids the generation of radial deformation and radial clamping stress, the processing size and precision of the whole part are completely controllable, and the rapid processing and precision of the part are greatly improved. The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of machining a sleeve-based valve plug component, comprising the steps of:
a valve rod pretreatment processing step, wherein the valve rod is subjected to finish machining to the size of a finished product;
a valve plug pretreatment processing step, namely processing the non-peripheral surface part of the valve plug to the size of a finished product, and processing the peripheral surface of the valve plug until the rough processing procedure is completed;
a component assembling step, namely assembling the valve rod and the valve plug which are subjected to the pretreatment processing to form a semi-finished product;
a semi-finished product processing step, wherein an axial clamping tool is used for carrying out axial stress clamping on the valve plug, and the finish machining cutting amount of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug is determined and processed through the roundness jump and the straightness of the valve rod on the semi-finished product by taking the valve rod as a reference;
the axial positioning tool comprises a first end, a second end and a plurality of axial pull rods, wherein the first end is inserted into one end of the valve plug, the second end is inserted into the other end of the valve plug, clamping steps are arranged on the outer walls of the first end and the second end, the outer wall of each clamping step is positioned within the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug, and the axial pull rods penetrate through the first end and are matched with threaded holes of the second end; the valve stem passes through the first end.
2. The sleeve based valve plug member tooling method of claim 1 wherein: in the semi-finished product processing step, the finish processing step of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug includes:
primary cutting and finishing: a cutting allowance of1The feed amount is a2The main shaft rotating speed is a3。
3. The sleeve based valve plug member tooling method of claim 2 further comprising:
secondary cutting and finishing: a cutting allowance of b1The feed amount is b2Main shaft rotation speed of b3Wherein, in the step (A),
a1＞b1，a2＞b2，a3＞b3。
4. the sleeve based valve plug member tooling method of claim 3 wherein: a is1＞7b1，a2＞2b2，a3＞5+b3。
5. The sleeve based valve plug member tooling method of claim 3 further comprising:
and (3) a third cutting finishing step: a bite of c1Feed rate of c2Main shaft rotation speed of c3Wherein, in the step (A),
b1＞c1，b2＞c2，b3＞c3。
6. the sleeve based valve plug member processing method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: b1＞3c1，b2＞2c2，b3＞1.5c3。
7. The sleeve based valve plug member processing method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the cutting finish machining adopts electrostriction finish machining equipment for machining.
8. The sleeve based valve plug member tooling method of claim 7 wherein: in the third cutting finish machining step, the rotating speed of a machine tool spindle is 20 r/min; the feeding amount is 0.02 mm/r; the electrostrictive finishing equipment draft was 0.03mm and the air supply pressure was set at 120 Kpa.
9. The sleeve based valve plug member tooling method of claim 1 wherein:
the pretreatment processing steps of the valve rod comprise:
when the bar is manufactured by hot rolling, hot rolling the bar, solution treatment, rough and semi-finish turning, and leaving a grinding allowance, grinding and finishing;
when the forging piece is manufactured, the forging piece is subjected to rough machining, solution treatment, rough and semi-finish turning, finish turning and grinding and finishing machining after grinding allowance is left;
the valve plug pretreatment processing steps comprise:
when the valve plug is manufactured by a forging piece, forging, solution treatment, rough turning of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug and finish turning of the non-outer peripheral surface part of the valve plug are carried out;
when manufactured from a casting, casting-rough machining-annealing-rough turning-quenching, tempering-rough turning of the outer peripheral surface of the valve plug-finish turning of the non-outer peripheral surface portion of the valve plug.
10. The sleeve based valve plug member tooling method of claim 1 wherein: the material of the valve rod is SUS630,
the valve rod is also provided with a precipitation hardening treatment step between the semi-finish turning and the finish turning.
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| CN112945670A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-11 | 重庆川仪调节阀有限公司 | Preparation method of supersonic flame spraying tungsten carbide gold sample block |
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