CN111974937A - Casting production process for realizing 3D printing of polystyrene material - Google Patents
Casting production process for realizing 3D printing of polystyrene material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111974937A CN111974937A CN202010586532.3A CN202010586532A CN111974937A CN 111974937 A CN111974937 A CN 111974937A CN 202010586532 A CN202010586532 A CN 202010586532A CN 111974937 A CN111974937 A CN 111974937A
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- polystyrene
- model
- casting production
- production process
- polystyrene material
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- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005669 high impact polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004797 high-impact polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920010524 Syndiotactic polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010099 solid forming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 9
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 sea sand Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
- B22C7/023—Patterns made from expanded plastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of casting production processes, in particular to a casting production process for realizing 3D printing of a polystyrene material. Which comprises the following steps: printing a polystyrene material by a digital three-dimensional model; bonding a standard wax rod to form a pouring system; hanging materials; carrying out shell hanging treatment on the polystyrene model; dissolving the wax embryo until the wax embryo becomes hollow; high-temperature roasting to remove the polystyrene material remained in the cavity; pouring; demolding; and (5) post-processing. The process design of the invention does not need to open the mould to manufacture the wax mould, shortens the development and production period, ensures that the surface effect quality of the finished product after casting is consistent with that of the traditional reproduced wax mould product, has great advantages on a complex structure model and a non-reproduced mould product, and meets the requirement of the national casting industry on environmental protection standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting production processes, in particular to a casting production process for realizing 3D printing of a polystyrene material.
Background
Casting is an ancient manufacturing method, and can be traced back to 6000 years in China. With the development of industrial technology, the quality of cast large castings directly affects the quality of products, and therefore, casting plays an important role in the machine manufacturing industry, which is a manufacturing process of parts that are obtained by pouring molten metal into a mold, and then cooling and solidifying the molten metal to obtain desired shapes and properties. At present, the existing casting process needs to open a mold to manufacture a wax mold, the development and production period is long, and the mold is difficult to manufacture for a complex structure model and an unreproducible mold product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a casting production process for realizing 3D printing of a polystyrene material, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a casting production process for realizing 3D printing of a polystyrene material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, printing a polystyrene material by the digital three-dimensional model;
s2, adhering a standard wax rod on the surface of the physical model printed by the polystyrene material to form a pouring system;
s3, immersing the polystyrene model for hanging;
s4, carrying out shell hanging treatment on the polystyrene model, and forming a casting cavity on the surface of the polystyrene model;
s5, after the shell hanging is finished, putting the shell into a high-temperature oven or a high-pressure steam boiler at 280 ℃ to dissolve the wax blank until the wax blank becomes hollow;
s6, removing the polystyrene material remained in the cavity by high-temperature roasting at a temperature of more than 800 ℃, cooling, cleaning and drying to obtain a complete polystyrene investment shell;
s7, pouring, namely pouring the required metal into a shell mold after smelting and liquefying, and cooling to form solid molding;
s8, demolding, and removing the shell mold on the outer surface of the solid-state forming object;
and S9, post-processing.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the polystyrene material comprises one or more of common polystyrene, expandable polystyrene high impact polystyrene and syndiotactic polystyrene.
In the common polystyrene amorphous high molecular polymer, the side group of the polystyrene macromolecular chain is a benzene ring, and the physical and chemical properties of polystyrene, such as high transparency, high rigidity, high glass transition temperature, brittleness and the like, are determined by the random arrangement of the large-volume side group being the benzene ring.
The expandable polystyrene is prepared by impregnating a physical foaming agent with low boiling point in common polystyrene, is heated to foam in the processing process, and is specially used for preparing foamed plastic products.
The high impact polystyrene is a copolymer of styrene and butadiene, and the butadiene is a dispersed phase, so that the impact strength of the material is improved, but the product is opaque.
As a further improvement of the technical solution, the establishment of the digitized three-dimensional model comprises the following steps:
s1.1, describing geometric shapes, and then converting a shape model to form quantitative description;
s1.2, inputting quantitative description information to a computer in a secondary system mode;
and S1.3, generating a graph after the graph is processed by a computer.
The digital three-dimensional model adopts AtuoCAD software to perform solid modeling, the solid model is space data formed by a three-dimensional triangular network, and is formed by connecting a group of lines which are not in the same plane in three dimensions of the space on the basis of three data point data determined by a triangle, and the three-dimensional solid model not only does information operation of vertexes, edges and surfaces of a three-dimensional object, but also comprises information and physical material properties of the object, such as calculated mass volume and the like.
The hanging material treatment comprises the following steps:
s2.1, immersing the polystyrene model into silicon dioxide slurry;
s2.2, immersing the polystyrene model into the sandy plaster;
s2.3, taking out the polystyrene model and then drying;
and S2.4, repeating S2.1-S2.3 until the surface of the polystyrene model completely forms a slurry coating, wherein the thickness of the coating is 1.5-3 cm.
As a further improvement of the technical solution, the material for processing the hanging shell comprises: binders, hardeners, curing agents and coatings; the binder is water glass; the hardening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25 parts of crystalline aluminum chloride and 75 parts of water, and the specific gravity of the prepared crystalline aluminum chloride is 1.19-1.20.
When the shell hanging treatment is carried out, a gypsum shell can be selected, and the purpose is to form a casting cavity on the surface of the polystyrene model.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the curing agent adopts an organic sulfonic acid curing agent, and the organic sulfonic acid curing agent is added, so that the stability of the polystyrene model after the shell is hung is ensured, and the hardening speed is increased.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the coating adopts an alcohol-based coating, the density of the alcohol-based coating is 1.5-2.2g/cm3, and the alcohol-based coating has good brushing property, leveling property, permeability and crack resistance.
In a further improvement of the technical solution, in S6, the water source for cooling and cleaning is dewaxed water, and the dewaxed water is prepared by mixing industrial ammonium chloride and water, wherein the industrial ammonium chloride accounts for 1-1.5%.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the water temperature of the dewaxing water is 40-60 ℃.
When the polystyrene model is put into dewaxing water for cleaning, the temperature of the dewaxing water is always kept to be more than 45 ℃, the cleaning time is 20-30 minutes, the time is not too long so as to prevent the polystyrene model from becoming crisp and the surface of the polystyrene model from falling off, and when cold water is required to be added to control the water temperature, the polystyrene model is taken out firstly, and then the polystyrene model is cleaned after the cold water is added and the temperature is raised to the qualified requirement.
As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S6, the drying method includes the following steps:
s3.1, naturally airing the cleaned polystyrene model for 10-18 hours until no obvious water drops exist on the surface;
s3.2, placing the naturally dried polystyrene model into a roasting furnace for low-temperature drying, controlling the temperature at 300-400 ℃, preserving the heat for one hour, and then taking out the polystyrene model after natural cooling in the furnace;
s3.3, blowing dust and impurities in the polystyrene model clean by using an air pipe of an air compressor;
s3.4, placing the polystyrene model into the roasting furnace again for high-temperature drying, controlling the temperature at 500-600 ℃, preserving the heat for two hours, and then taking out the polystyrene model after natural cooling in the furnace.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the post-processing comprises sand blasting, grinding, welding and coloring by heat treatment.
The sand blasting adopts a dry extrusion sand blasting method, the dry extrusion sand blasting method drives sand grains by means of 0.5-0.7 MPa of compressed air, the sand grains are sprayed on the surface of a product at a high speed through a special nozzle, rust and other dirt on the surface of the product are thoroughly removed by means of impact and friction of edges and corners of the sand grains, a certain roughness is obtained, the sand grains for sand blasting usually adopt siliceous sand (including sea sand, river sand, quartz sand, carborundum and the like) with edges and hard quality or other granular objects with similar performances, and the grain diameter is 1-4 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the casting production process realized by the 3D printing polystyrene material, the mold opening is not needed for manufacturing the wax mold, the development and production period is shortened, the surface effect quality of the finished product after casting is consistent with that of the traditional copied wax mold product, and meanwhile, the process has great advantages for a complex structure model and a non-copied mold product and meets the requirement of the national casting industry environmental protection standard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall casting production process of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the process of establishing the digitized three-dimensional model of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the hanging material processing flow of example 1;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of the drying method of embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a casting production process realized by 3D printing of a polystyrene material, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, printing a polystyrene material by the digital three-dimensional model;
s2, adhering a standard wax rod on the surface of the physical model printed by the polystyrene material to form a pouring system;
s3, immersing the polystyrene model for hanging;
s4, carrying out shell hanging treatment on the polystyrene model, and forming a casting cavity on the surface of the polystyrene model;
s5, after the shell hanging is finished, putting the shell into a high-temperature oven or a high-pressure steam boiler at 280 ℃ to dissolve the wax blank until the wax blank becomes hollow;
s6, removing the polystyrene material remained in the cavity by high-temperature roasting at a temperature of more than 800 ℃, cooling, cleaning and drying to obtain a complete polystyrene investment shell;
s7, pouring, namely pouring the required metal into a shell mold after smelting and liquefying, and cooling to form solid molding;
s8, demolding, and removing the shell mold on the outer surface of the solid-state forming object;
and S9, post-processing.
In this embodiment, the polystyrene material includes one or more of general polystyrene, expandable polystyrene, high impact polystyrene, and syndiotactic polystyrene.
In the common polystyrene amorphous high molecular polymer, the side group of the polystyrene macromolecular chain is a benzene ring, and the random arrangement of the large-volume side group which is the benzene ring determines the physical and chemical properties of the polystyrene, such as high transparency, high rigidity, high glass transition temperature, brittle property and the like.
The expandable polystyrene is prepared by soaking a low-boiling-point physical foaming agent in common polystyrene, is heated to foam in the processing process, and is specially used for preparing foamed plastic products.
Wherein, the high impact polystyrene is a copolymer of styrene and butadiene, and the butadiene is a disperse phase, thereby improving the impact strength of the material, but the product is not transparent.
In this embodiment, the establishment of the digitized three-dimensional model is specifically as shown in fig. 2, and includes the following steps:
s1.1, describing geometric shapes, and then converting a shape model to form quantitative description;
s1.2, inputting quantitative description information to a computer in a secondary system mode;
and S1.3, generating a graph after the graph is processed by a computer.
The digital three-dimensional model is subjected to entity modeling by adopting AtuoCAD software, the entity model is space data consisting of a three-dimensional triangular network, the three-dimensional data is formed by connecting a group of lines which are not in the same plane in a three-dimensional space on the basis of three data point data determined by a triangle, and the three-dimensional entity model not only is the information operation of the vertex, the edge and the surface of a three-dimensional object, but also comprises the information and the physical material properties of the object, such as calculated mass volume and the like.
Further, the hanging material treatment is specifically shown in fig. 3, and comprises the following steps:
s2.1, immersing the polystyrene model into silicon dioxide slurry;
s2.2, immersing the polystyrene model into the sandy plaster;
s2.3, taking out the polystyrene model and then drying;
and S2.4, repeating S2.1-S2.3 until the surface of the polystyrene model completely forms a slurry coating, wherein the thickness of the coating is 1.5-3 cm.
Specifically, the materials for the hanging shell treatment comprise: binders, hardeners, curing agents and coatings; the binder is water glass; the proportion of the hardening agent is as follows: 25 parts of crystalline aluminum chloride and 75 parts of water, and the specific gravity of the prepared crystalline aluminum chloride is 1.19-1.20.
It should be noted that, in the case of the hanging shell treatment, a plaster hanging shell can be used, so as to form a casting cavity on the surface of the polystyrene model.
Furthermore, the curing agent adopts an organic sulfonic acid curing agent, and the organic sulfonic acid curing agent is added, so that the stability of the polystyrene model after the shell is hung is ensured, and the hardening speed is increased.
Wherein the coating adopts alcohol-based coating, the density of the alcohol-based coating is 1.5-2.2g/cm3, and the alcohol-based coating has good brushing property, leveling property, permeability and crack resistance.
In S6, the water source for cooling and cleaning adopts dewaxing water, and the dewaxing water is prepared by mixing industrial ammonium chloride and water, wherein the industrial ammonium chloride accounts for 1-1.5%.
Besides, the water temperature of the dewaxing water is 40-60 ℃.
When the polystyrene model is put into dewaxing water for cleaning, the temperature of the dewaxing water is always kept to be more than 45 ℃, the cleaning time is 20-30 minutes, the time is not too long, so that the polystyrene model is prevented from becoming crisp and the surface of the polystyrene model is prevented from falling off, and when cold water is required to be added to control the water temperature, the polystyrene model is taken out firstly, and then the polystyrene model is cleaned after the cold water is added and the temperature is raised to the qualified requirement.
Specifically, in S6, the drying method is shown in fig. 4, and includes the following steps:
s3.1, naturally airing the cleaned polystyrene model for 10-18 hours until no obvious water drops exist on the surface;
s3.2, placing the naturally dried polystyrene model into a roasting furnace for low-temperature drying, controlling the temperature at 300-400 ℃, preserving the heat for one hour, and then taking out the polystyrene model after natural cooling in the furnace;
s3.3, blowing dust and impurities in the polystyrene model clean by using an air pipe of an air compressor;
s3.4, placing the polystyrene model into the roasting furnace again for high-temperature drying, controlling the temperature at 500-600 ℃, preserving the heat for two hours, and then taking out the polystyrene model after natural cooling in the furnace.
Still further, post-processing includes sandblasting, polishing, welding and heat treatment coloring.
The sand blasting method adopts a dry extrusion sand blasting method, the dry extrusion sand blasting method drives sand grains by means of 0.5-0.7 MPa of compressed air, the sand grains are sprayed on the surface of a product at a high speed through a special nozzle, rust and other dirt on the surface of the product are thoroughly removed by means of impact and friction of edges and corners of the sand grains, a certain roughness is obtained, the sand grains for sand blasting are usually siliceous sand (including sea sand, river sand, quartz sand, carborundum and the like) with edges and hard mass or other granular objects with similar performance, and the grain diameter is 1-4 mm.
The wax mould is used for forming a mould pattern of a casting cavity, and the wax mould has high dimensional precision and surface finish when obtaining a casting with high dimensional precision and surface finish.
The flow of the casting production process implemented by the conventional wax pattern and the 3D printed polystyrene material of this embodiment is as follows:
| mold manufacturing | Wax pattern manufacture | Shell mould manufacturing | Drying | Roasting | Pouring | Coagulation | |
| Traditional wax pattern process | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that |
| Casting process of the embodiment | Does not need to use | Does not need to use | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that |
Compared with the traditional wax mold, the process of the embodiment does not need to open the mold to manufacture the wax mold, and shortens the development and production period.
The comparison of the finished product effects of the casting production process realized by the conventional wax pattern and the 3D printed polystyrene material of the embodiment is shown in the following table:
| yield of finished products | Surface smoothness | Product accuracy | Quality of the product | Complex structure model | |
| Traditional wax pattern process | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Difficulty in reproduction |
| Casting process of the embodiment | Does not need to use | Does not need to use | Need to make sure that | Need to make sure that | Easy to copy |
Compared with the traditional wax mold, the surface effect quality of the finished product of the process of the embodiment after casting is consistent with that of the traditional copied wax mold product, and meanwhile, the process of the embodiment has great advantages on a complex structure model and a non-copied mold product and meets the requirement of the national casting industry environmental protection standard.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1.3D prints the casting production technology that polystyrene material realized, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, printing a polystyrene material by the digital three-dimensional model;
s2, adhering a standard wax rod on the surface of the physical model printed by the polystyrene material to form a pouring system;
s3, immersing the polystyrene model for hanging;
s4, carrying out shell hanging treatment on the polystyrene model, and forming a casting cavity on the surface of the polystyrene model;
s5, after the shell hanging is finished, putting the shell into a high-temperature oven or a high-pressure steam boiler at 280 ℃ to dissolve the wax blank until the wax blank becomes hollow;
s6, removing the polystyrene material remained in the cavity by high-temperature roasting at a temperature of more than 800 ℃, cooling, cleaning and drying to obtain a complete polystyrene investment shell;
s7, pouring, namely pouring the required metal into a shell mold after smelting and liquefying, and cooling to form solid molding;
s8, demolding, and removing the shell mold on the outer surface of the solid-state forming object;
and S9, post-processing.
2. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 1, characterized by: the polystyrene material comprises one or more of common polystyrene, expandable polystyrene high impact polystyrene and syndiotactic polystyrene.
3. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 1, characterized by: the establishment of the digital three-dimensional model comprises the following steps:
s1.1, describing geometric shapes, and then converting a shape model to form quantitative description;
s1.2, inputting quantitative description information to a computer in a secondary system mode;
and S1.3, generating a graph after the graph is processed by a computer.
4. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 1, characterized by: the hanging material treatment comprises the following steps:
s2.1, immersing the polystyrene model into silicon dioxide slurry;
s2.2, immersing the polystyrene model into the sandy plaster;
s2.3, taking out the polystyrene model and then drying;
and S2.4, repeating S2.1-S2.3 until the surface of the polystyrene model completely forms a slurry coating.
5. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 1, characterized by: the material for processing the hanging shell comprises: binder, hardener, curing agent and coating.
6. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 5, characterized by: the coating adopts alcohol-based coating, and the density of the alcohol-based coating is 1.5-2.2g/cm 3.
7. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 1, characterized by: in the S6, the water source for cooling and cleaning adopts dewaxing water, and the dewaxing water is prepared by mixing industrial ammonium chloride and water.
8. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 1, characterized by: the water temperature of the dewaxing water is 40-60 ℃.
9. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 1, characterized by: in S6, the drying method includes the following steps:
s3.1, naturally airing the cleaned polystyrene model for 10-18 hours;
s3.2, placing the naturally dried polystyrene model into a roasting furnace for low-temperature drying, controlling the temperature at 300-400 ℃, preserving the heat for one hour, and then taking out the polystyrene model after natural cooling in the furnace;
s3.3, blowing dust and impurities in the polystyrene model clean by using an air pipe of an air compressor;
s3.4, placing the polystyrene model into the roasting furnace again for high-temperature drying, controlling the temperature at 500-600 ℃, preserving the heat for two hours, and then taking out the polystyrene model after natural cooling in the furnace.
10. The 3D printed polystyrene material enabled casting production process according to claim 1, characterized by: and the post-processing comprises sand blasting, polishing, welding and coloring by heat treatment.
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| CN114012101A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-08 | 山西省化工研究所（有限公司） | Preparation method of high-strength high-toughness stainless steel powder for selective laser melting additive manufacturing |
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