CN103008548A - Lost foam casting method - Google Patents
Lost foam casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008548A CN103008548A CN2012105753075A CN201210575307A CN103008548A CN 103008548 A CN103008548 A CN 103008548A CN 2012105753075 A CN2012105753075 A CN 2012105753075A CN 201210575307 A CN201210575307 A CN 201210575307A CN 103008548 A CN103008548 A CN 103008548A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lost foam casting method comprising the steps of 1. taking foam as a material, molding a foam die which is the same as a cast in shape, preserving a sprue gate on the foam die; 2. coating a high-temperature-resistant poromeric material on the foam die, and baking for 4-7 hours in the environment below 45 DEG C; 3. paving roughing sand on the foam die, carrying out three-dimensional ramming filling from the periphery to the middle so as to discharge gas in the sand; 4. casting inwards from the sprue gate under the effect of negative pressure; and 5. cleaning shakeout to obtain the cast. The foam die is taken as a casting mold, so that on one hand, the problem that the metal die casting mold is difficult to process is solved; and on the other hand, the problem that the sand die casting mold is not easy to mold is solved. The foam die can be produced by batch due to the plasticity that the foam die is easy to process. Therefore, the casting mold is high in processing efficiency, and the material and device costs in the molding process of the foam die are low. Thus, the production cost also can be effectively reduced in comparison with the entire casting process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting technology field, be specially a kind of lost-foam casting method.
Background technology
Existing casting commonly used has permanent mold casting and sand casting.Wherein, permanent mold casting is to make a kind of casting technique that hollow casting mold mould is used in casting with heat-resisting alloy steel.Although the repeated multiple times use of the casting mold mould of metal mold energy is so that gravity die casting process is highly efficient in productivity.But, be heat-resisting alloy steel because the mold raw material is adopted in permanent mold casting, expensive.And it is complicated to carry out the process of hollow molded cavity for this raw material, and input design cost is more, so the production cost of permanent mold casting is higher.Again because the mould of permanent mold casting is subjected to the restriction of mold materials size and pocket machining equipment, Casting Equipment ability, so the large-sized foundry goods of inapplicable casting.In addition, although it is molding material that the mould of permanent mold casting adopts heat-resisting alloy steel, but temperature capacity is still limited, the sand casting temperature capacity of comparing is poor, general multiplex in the casting of aluminium alloy, kirsite, magnesium alloy, less application in the copper alloy casting has just been cast still less and be used for ferrous metal.
Sand casting is a kind of with the conventional cast technique of sand as the casting mold mould.Relatively permanent mold casting adaptability is very strong, smallclothes, large part, and simple part, Complex Parts, all can adopt this kind casting method in enormous quantities at single-piece.Simultaneously, production cost is low than permanent mold casting, and refractoriness is higher than permanent mold casting, is applicable to the material higher such as fusing points such as copper alloy and ferrous metal.But the weak point of sand casting is that because each chiltern casting mold can only be poured into a mould once, casting mold namely damages behind the acquisition foundry goods, and again moulding is so the production efficiency of sand casting is lower.Again because as the sand of mold material, the soft and porous of bulk property, so the casting dimension accuracy of sand casting is lower, the surface is also more coarse.
From the above, the mold material of permanent mold casting is steel alloy, thus need supporting die cavity process equipment, corresponding foundry processing relative complex, cost is high; Although and the sand casting cost is low, because the sand grains of the loose difficult typing of employing is as mold material, so the shaping efficiency of casting mold is low.So existing casting method can't possess efficient casting mold and low-cost two effects simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of lost-foam casting method, can improve casting mold efficient, reduce simultaneously the casting mold cost.
For solving above technical problem, technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of lost-foam casting method, and concrete steps comprise:
Step 1, with reference to foundry goods shape to be cast, the employing foam is raw material, contoured foam mould, and leave the sprue gate at the foam mould;
Further, the foam mould in the described step 1 obtains by following step, is specially:
Step 1-1, prefoam: adopting EPS is that raw material adding blowing agent carries out steam prefoam, obtains the EPS bead;
Step 1-2, bead maturation process: gained EPS bead is carried out after drying processes, and the accumulation curing time is 10-70h, makes EPS bead internal and external pressure balance;
Step 1-3, foaming: the EPS bead among the step 1-2 is put into mould, and second time of foaming is carried out in heating, obtains the foam mould;
Step 1-4, foam mould maturation process: the foam mould is placed under 55 ~ 65 ℃ the environment oven dry 5 ~ 6h.
Further, the bead maturation process among the described step 1-2, EPS bead bulk density is 15kg/m
3, the curing time is 50-70h.
Further, the bead maturation process among the described step 1-2, EPS bead bulk density is 20kg/m
3, the curing time is 25-50h.
Further, the bead maturation process among the described step 1-2, EPS bead bulk density is 25kg/m
3, the curing time is 10-20h.
Further, the foam mould in the described step 1 can be made first the foam mould of burst, is combined into the foam mould identical shaped with foundry goods by bonding mode again.
Further, the resistant to elevated temperatures poromeric material in the described step 2 comprises refractory material, binding agent and suspending agent.
Further, the granularity of roughing sand is the 15-18 order in the described step 3.
Further, after back-up sand, the mold thickness of foam mould is bottom surface 170-190mm, side 85-95mm in the described step 3.
Further, the roughing sand in the described step 3 is furan resin-sand.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has adopted the foam mould as casting mold, has solved the unmanageable problem of metal casting proplasm on the one hand, has solved on the other hand the not problem of easy-formation of sand casting casting mold.Because foam calligraphy or painting model body is easy to working plasticity, but mass simultaneous production, so the working (machining) efficiency of casting mold is higher.And forming processes process raw materials and the equipment cost of foam mould are lower, so relative whole casting technique also just can effectively reduce production cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process chart of foam mold forming among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Core thinking of the present invention is that the mold material of casting usefulness is selected the foam mould of making take foam as raw material, with laying resistant to elevated temperatures roughing sand around the foam mould, and again by in the foam mould, watering, after the foam mould progressively disappears, the foundry goods that just can obtain being scheduled to.
EPS is that polystyrene foam (Expanded Polystyrene) is a kind of light type high-molecule polymer.
In order to make those skilled in the art understand better technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of lost-foam casting method, concrete steps comprise:
Step 1, with reference to foundry goods shape to be cast, the employing foam is raw material, contoured foam mould, and leave the sprue gate at the foam mould;
Referring to Fig. 2, in step 1 of the present invention, the foam mould obtains by following step, is specially:
Step 1-1, prefoam: adopting EPS is that raw material adding blowing agent carries out steam prefoam, obtains the EPS bead;
Step 1-2, bead maturation process: gained EPS bead is carried out after drying processes, and the accumulation curing time is 10-70h, makes EPS bead internal and external pressure balance;
Step 1-3, foaming: the EPS bead among the step 1-2 is put into mould, and second time of foaming is carried out in heating, obtains the foam mould;
Step 1-4, foam mould maturation process: the foam mould is placed under 55 ~ 65 ℃ the environment oven dry 5 ~ 6h.
Said bead maturation process refers in above-mentioned steps 1-2, the EPS bead that obtains through prefoam among the step 1-1 because quenching causes blowing agent in the bead and infiltrates the condensation of steam, the time form vacuum in the bead.If send to immediately moulding, can not restore again the foam mould poor quality that finally obtains just in a single day bead is crushed.Appearance for fear of this phenomenon, bead should be piled up storage a period of time, allow in the Air infitration bead, remaining blowing agent is spread again, evenly distribute, keep the bead internal and external pressure balance, and then resist the ability of external force deformation, contraction behind the swelliong power when making the bead high resilience increase the foam mold forming and the foam mold forming.
Because the maturation process of bead directly has influence on the foam mould of final molding, thus the corresponding curing time should meet the following conditions:
EPS bead bulk density is 15kg/m
3The time, the curing time is 50-70h.
EPS bead bulk density is 20kg/m
3The time, the curing time is 25-50h.
EPS bead bulk density is 25kg/m
3The time, the curing time is 10-20h.
Mould in above-mentioned steps 1-3 refers to the mould identical with foundry goods to be cast, and also can be the mould after the foundry goods of casting decomposes.The former is through the second time of foaming of foaming, and the foam mould can directly obtain the shape identical with foundry goods to be cast; Latter is because the complex-shaped one-shot forming that is not easy to the foam mould of foundry goods to be cast.For the situation of the described mould in back, the foam mold forming can will be made the foam mould of burst first, is combined into the foam mould identical with the foundry goods shape by bonding mode again.
In above-mentioned steps 1-4 foam mould maturation process, the foam mould contains moisture when taking out from mould, because evaporation and the stress relaxation in foam mould later stage of moisture are easy to cause the variation of foam mould size.For the foam mould can in time be finalized the design, so adopt foam mould maturation process, be about under the environment that the foam mould is placed on 55 ~ 65 ℃ oven dry 5～6h.
Resistant to elevated temperatures poromeric material comprises refractory material, binding agent and suspending agent in step 2 of the present invention.Wherein: refractory material has determined refractoriness chemical stability and the heat-insulating property of coating; Binding agent has determined intensity and the gas permeability of coating; Suspending agent then is the solid refractory substance precipitation that prevents in the coating.Why need to apply resistant to elevated temperatures poromeric material, coating can will be isolated between liquid metal and the roughing sand when its purpose was to cast, and the product that can allow foam decompose discharges smoothly, obtained smooth surface, high quality casting that burr is few with this.
In step 3 of the present invention, for can make roughing sand be filled in easily the foam mould around, so the granularity of roughing sand is elected the 15-18 order as.In order from casting process, to guarantee the quality of foundry goods, so the mold thickness of foam mould is bottom surface 170-190mm, side 85-95mm.Roughing sand can be selected silica, also can select furan resin-sand.
Only be preferred embodiment of the present invention below, should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the claim limited range.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. lost-foam casting method, concrete steps comprise:
Step 1, with reference to foundry goods shape to be cast, the employing foam is raw material, contoured foam mould, and leave the sprue gate at the foam mould;
Step 2, apply resistant to elevated temperatures poromeric material at the foam mould of moulding, in the environment below 45 ℃, toasted 4 ~ 7 hours;
Step 3, foam mould baked in step 2 are laid roughing sand, carry out back-up sand with the form in the middle of rear around the elder generation, and simultaneously three-dimensional ram-jolt makes the gas discharge in the sand;
Step 4, under the effect of negative pressure, from the sprue gate to the foam mould in cast molding;
Step 5, peeling obtain foundry goods.
2. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the foam mould in the described step 1 obtains by following step, is specially:
Step 1-1, prefoam: adopting EPS is that raw material adding blowing agent carries out steam pre-foaming, obtains the EPS bead;
Step 1-2, bead maturation process: gained EPS bead is carried out after drying processes, and the accumulation curing time is 10-70h, makes EPS bead internal and external pressure balance;
Step 1-3, foaming: the EPS bead among the step 1-2 is put into mould, and second time of foaming is carried out in heating, obtains the foam mould;
Step 1-4, foam mould maturation process: the foam mould is placed under 55 ~ 65 ℃ the environment oven dry 5 ~ 6h.
3. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the bead maturation process among the described step 1-2, EPS bead bulk density is 15kg/m
3, the curing time is 50-70h.
4. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the bead maturation process among the described step 1-2, EPS bead bulk density is 20kg/m
3, the curing time is 25-50h.
5. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the bead maturation process among the described step 1-2, EPS bead bulk density is 25kg/m
3, the curing time is 10-20h.
6. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the foam mould in the described step 1 can be made first the foam mould of burst, is combined into the foam mould identical shaped with foundry goods by bonding mode again.
7. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the resistant to elevated temperatures poromeric material in the described step 2 comprises refractory material, binding agent and suspending agent.
8. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the granularity of roughing sand is the 15-18 order in the described step 3.
9. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: after back-up sand, the mold thickness of foam mould is bottom surface 170-190mm, side 85-95mm in the described step 3.
10. lost-foam casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the roughing sand in the described step 3 is furan resin-sand.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012105753075A CN103008548A (en) | 2012-12-26 | 2012-12-26 | Lost foam casting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105753075A CN103008548A (en) | 2012-12-26 | 2012-12-26 | Lost foam casting method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103286263A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-11 | 湖州双金机械配件有限公司 | Method for casting cast broken wall and rolling mortar wall evaporated pattern |
| CN104148592A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-11-19 | 湖北省武穴市特种钢铸造有限公司 | Production method of cover type industrial furnace diffuser |
| CN104178592A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-03 | 宁德东升宏宇科技有限公司 | Blast-furnace tuyere manufacturing and inspecting method |
| CN106945270A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-07-14 | 恒信智能（天津）快速制造技术有限公司 | Rapid shaping light-cured resin roasting technique |
| CN107650250A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-02 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of evaporative pattern assembling device and its assemble method |
| CN107716851A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-23 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of evaporative pattern bead steam pre-foaming technique |
| CN108927494A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-04 | 安徽惠明机械制造有限公司 | A kind of casting method of evaporative pattern |
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| JP2000301290A (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2000-10-31 | Toyota Motor Corp | Lost foam pattern casting method |
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| CN102310162A (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-01-11 | 滁州金诺实业有限公司 | Novel technology for casting engine cylinder body by lost foam |
| CN102366821A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-03-07 | 大连交通大学 | Green lost foam casting technology |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103286263A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-11 | 湖州双金机械配件有限公司 | Method for casting cast broken wall and rolling mortar wall evaporated pattern |
| CN104148592A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-11-19 | 湖北省武穴市特种钢铸造有限公司 | Production method of cover type industrial furnace diffuser |
| CN104148592B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-06-08 | 湖北省武穴市特种钢铸造有限公司 | The production method of a kind of cover formula industrial furnace scatterer |
| CN104178592A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-03 | 宁德东升宏宇科技有限公司 | Blast-furnace tuyere manufacturing and inspecting method |
| CN104178592B (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-02 | 宁德东升宏宇科技有限公司 | The manufacturing inspection method of blast-furnace tuyere |
| CN106945270A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-07-14 | 恒信智能（天津）快速制造技术有限公司 | Rapid shaping light-cured resin roasting technique |
| CN107716851A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-23 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of evaporative pattern bead steam pre-foaming technique |
| CN107650250A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-02 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of evaporative pattern assembling device and its assemble method |
| CN108927494A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-04 | 安徽惠明机械制造有限公司 | A kind of casting method of evaporative pattern |
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