CN111962870B - Construction method of special-shaped curved surface concrete roof - Google Patents
Construction method of special-shaped curved surface concrete roof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111962870B CN111962870B CN202010838256.5A CN202010838256A CN111962870B CN 111962870 B CN111962870 B CN 111962870B CN 202010838256 A CN202010838256 A CN 202010838256A CN 111962870 B CN111962870 B CN 111962870B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D15/00—Apparatus or tools for roof working
- E04D15/07—Apparatus or tools for roof working for handling roofing or sealing material in bulk form
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D7/00—Roof covering exclusively consisting of sealing masses applied in situ; Gravelling of flat roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
- E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/007—Plugs to close openings in forms' surface
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/24—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction
- E04G21/246—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction specially adapted for curing concrete in situ, e.g. by covering it with protective sheets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/08—Forming boards or similar elements, which are collapsible, foldable, or able to be rolled up
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Abstract
The application relates to a construction method of a special-shaped curved concrete roof, which comprises the following steps of dividing an arc-shaped section of the roof, dividing the section of the roof in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction on the arc-shaped roof according to a design drawing, and dividing the section into a plurality of arc-shaped surfaces; pre-arranging by a computer, positioning the whole arc-shaped surface according to four points of each divided arc-shaped surface, and modeling the arc-shaped roof; positioning and paying off, namely positioning the arc-shaped roof by adopting a three-dimensional horizontal projection method; positioning and erecting the support frame, positioning the support frame longitudinal and transverse arrangement lines on the lower-layer structure surface according to the positioning result of the computer, and marking the positioning coordinates and the height of each supporting point on the lower-layer structure surface; and installing a template and reinforcing steel bars, pouring concrete, maintaining and removing the template. This application has the effect that improves the quality of dysmorphism curved surface concrete roofing.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of construction methods of concrete roofs, in particular to a construction method of a special-shaped curved surface concrete roof.
Background
At present, most roofs are mainly flat roofs, but with the demand of people for diversified selection of building shapes, more and more special-shaped curved roofs with novelty and diversified curve changes are accepted and loved by the public.
Aiming at the related technologies, the special-shaped curved surfaces are respectively arc-formed in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, so that the construction difficulty is high in the construction process, and the quality problems such as concrete collapse, holes, cracks and the like are easily caused by the conventional construction method applied to the flat roof.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the quality of the special-shaped curved surface concrete roof, the application provides a construction method of the special-shaped curved surface concrete roof.
The construction method for the special-shaped curved surface concrete roof adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a special-shaped curved surface concrete roof comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the roof arc-shaped section: according to a design drawing, performing section division on the arc-shaped roof in the transverse and longitudinal directions, dividing the arc-shaped roof into a plurality of arc-shaped surfaces, wherein the arc-shaped surfaces are consistent in size, and dividing the arc-shaped roof into grids;
s2, computer pre-arrangement: according to the divided arc-shaped surfaces, positioning the whole arc-shaped surface according to four points of each arc-shaped surface, and modeling the arc-shaped roof; then, calculating the positioning coordinate and the height of each steel pipe according to the three-dimensional model of the arc-shaped roof and the radian of each arc-shaped surface;
s3, positioning and paying-off: positioning the arc-shaped roof by adopting a three-dimensional horizontal projection method, firstly, performing horizontal projection by utilizing a three-dimensional model on a computer, and simultaneously calculating a horizontal projection image of the arc-shaped roof on the next structural layer;
the projection drawing and the corresponding position data are combined with the site construction situation, the horizontal projection of the longitudinal beam of the arc-shaped roof on the lower structural layer is positioned in advance, the side lines of the arc-shaped surfaces are projected onto the lower structural layer according to different arc-shaped surfaces, and the side lines are used as control axes to realize the positioning of the transverse beam on the structural layer;
s4, positioning and setting up of the support frame: positioning the longitudinal and transverse arrangement lines of the support frame on the lower-layer structure surface according to the positioning result of the computer, and marking the positioning coordinates and the heights of all the supporting points on the lower-layer structure surface; the supporting frames are positioned and installed one by one according to the marks, and meanwhile, jacking supports are arranged at the tops of the supporting frames, so that elevation fine adjustment is facilitated;
s5, installing a template and a steel bar: installing a steel pipe keel on the top support of the support frame, paving battens on the steel pipe, paving by adopting double templates, and paving a lower template on the surfaces of the battens; bending the steel bars according to the lower template and then fixing the steel bars on the lower template;
s6, pouring concrete: circularly pouring concrete by taking the eave as a starting point, firstly installing a barrier plate on one circle of the eave, then annularly pouring around the roof for one circle, installing a layer of upper template after one circle is poured, then pouring the next circle, pouring the concrete step by step, and installing the upper templates section by section until the concrete pouring is finished;
s7, maintaining and removing the mold: after the concrete is condensed, the blocking plate and the upper template are firstly dismantled and then watered and maintained.
By adopting the technical scheme, the special-shaped curved surface roof can be constructed by the construction steps of dividing the arc-shaped section of the roof, pre-arranging by a computer, positioning and paying off, positioning and erecting the supporting frame, installing the template and the reinforcing steel bars, pouring concrete and maintaining and stripping the template. After the computer is arranged in advance, the supporting frame is positioned and erected, so that the accuracy of the arc-shaped roof can be better controlled, and the quality problem caused by poor accuracy control of the arc-shaped roof in the construction process is reduced. In the concrete pouring process, the concrete is circularly poured by taking the eave as a starting point, so that the quality problem caused by uneven distribution of the concrete due to the fluidity of the concrete in the concrete pouring process can be prevented. Thereby improving the construction quality.
Preferably, in the step S5 and the step S6, the upper template and the lower template both adopt a multi-layer wood-rubber plate, and the upper template and the lower template are fixed by split bolts.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, it is fixed through split bolt between cope match-plate pattern and the lower bolster, can improve the stability of being connected between cope match-plate pattern and the lower bolster, prevent that the concrete between cope match-plate pattern and the lower bolster from producing the crack, and then improve construction quality.
Preferably, in step S7, after the upper mold plate is removed, the end of the split bolt that leaks out of the concrete surface is cut off and then plugged with waterproof mortar.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, cutting off reuse waterproof mortar shutoff to the split bolt, can prevent that the concrete from forming hole and crack in the split bolt region, and then improving construction quality.
Preferably, in the step S7, because the arc roof cannot store water, plastic water pipes are arranged on the arc roof during maintenance, holes are formed in the water pipes at certain intervals, and water is supplied for maintenance 24 hours a day; and covering a film on the surface of the concrete, wherein the curing time is 14 days.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through leading to water maintenance and cover film and carrying out the maintenance, can carry out the maintenance to the concrete better, and then prevent that the concrete from producing the crack, improve construction quality.
Preferably, in the step S5, in order to ensure the radian of the arc-shaped roof, a whole lower template is used, and because the radian of the transverse roof is relatively large, the short side of the lower template is used as the transverse direction of the arc-shaped roof, and the long side of the lower template is used as the longitudinal direction of the arc-shaped roof, so that errors are reduced as much as possible; two lower templates which are adjacent in the transverse direction are connected through a connecting piece, and two lower templates which are adjacent in the longitudinal direction are fixed through iron nails.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, according to the horizontal and fore-and-aft radian size nonconformity of arc roofing, adjust the installation direction of lower bolster to connect two adjacent lower bolsters through connecting piece or iron nail. And then make the lower bolster can lay according to the arc roofing, and then the precision of better control arc roofing, and then reduce in the work progress because the precision control to the arc roofing is not good and lead to producing the quality problem.
Preferably, two opposite side surfaces of each lower template are outer arc surfaces, the outer arc surfaces protrude towards one side far away from the lower template, and the connecting piece comprises a connecting plate which is positioned between the outer arc surfaces of the two lower templates; one end of the connecting plate, which is close to any lower template, is an inner arc-shaped surface, the inner arc-shaped surface is concave towards one side close to the connecting plate, the outer arc-shaped surface extends into the inner arc-shaped surface, and the lower template rotates relative to the connecting plate; one end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, two ends of the connecting plate are respectively and fixedly connected with connecting shafts, one end of the lower template is provided with mounting holes, and the two connecting shafts are respectively inserted into the two mounting holes; and a rotating part for driving the lower template to rotate is arranged on the connecting plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in outer arc face stretched into interior arc face, then can the rotation each other between lower bolster and the connecting plate, stretch into in the mounting hole through the connecting axle, can prevent to break away from taking place between connecting plate and the lower bolster. The mutual rotation between lower bolster and the connecting plate, the radian between two lower bolsters is adjusted according to the radian of arc roofing to the needs of adaptation arc roofing that can be better.
Preferably, the mounting hole is arranged to penetrate through the lower template, a pin hole is formed in one end, away from the connecting plate, of the connecting shaft, and a cotter pin is inserted into the pin hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the split pin with the rigidity of connecting axle, can improve the stability of being connected between lower bolster and the connecting plate.
Preferably, a placing groove is formed in the connecting plate, the rotating member comprises a worm arranged in the placing groove, and the lower end of the placing groove penetrates through the connecting plate along the radial direction of the worm; fixing grooves are formed in the two outer arc surfaces of the lower template, a helical gear is fixedly connected in each fixing groove, and the helical gears are meshed with the worm; the connecting shaft is inserted into the central hole of the corresponding bevel gear.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, helical gear and worm meshing can drive the helical gear and rotate when rotating the worm, and then adjusts the angle between two lower templates, after adjusting the angle, can the auto-lock between worm and the helical gear.
Preferably, an insertion groove is formed in one end, away from the groove bottom of the placement groove, of the worm, an insertion rod is arranged in the insertion groove, the insertion rod is T-shaped and comprises a head portion and a rod portion which are fixedly connected, the head portion is located in the insertion groove, and one end, away from the head portion, of the rod portion extends out of the insertion groove; a limiting block is fixedly connected to the notch of the insertion groove, and a limiting groove for the rod part to penetrate through is formed in the limiting block; the insertion rod is connected with a sliding piece used for enabling the insertion rod to slide in the insertion groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can rotate the worm through rotating the inserted bar, and then drive the helical gear and rotate. After the sliding part is arranged, the insertion rod can be taken out or put into the insertion groove according to the requirement of a user, and the mistaken touch is prevented.
Preferably, the rod part is provided with a groove in a penetrating manner, the groove extends along the axial direction of the rod part, and the inner side wall of the groove is provided with first sawteeth; the sliding part comprises a residual gear arranged in the groove, second saw teeth are arranged on the residual gear, and the first saw teeth are meshed with the second saw teeth; the inner side wall of the residual gear is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, and one end, far away from the rotating ring, of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a rotating handle.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rotate through the residual gear, can make pole portion remove in vertical direction, and then conveniently take out or income insert the inslot with the inserted bar.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. through the construction steps of dividing arc sections of the roof, pre-arranging by a computer, positioning and paying off, positioning and erecting a support frame, installing a template and reinforcing steel bars, pouring concrete, maintaining and removing a template, the quality problem caused by poor accuracy control on the arc roof in the construction process can be reduced;
2. through the setting of worm and helical gear, can adjust the angle between two lower templates, after adjusting the angle, can the auto-lock between worm and the helical gear, and then adjust the radian between two lower templates, adapt to the construction needs of arc roofing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a lower template and connecting plate mounting structure shown in this embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a partial exploded view of the lower template and web mounting structure shown in this embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the insert rod shown in the present embodiment;
fig. 4 is an exploded view of the insert rod shown in the present embodiment.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a lower template; 11. an outer arcuate surface; 12. mounting holes; 13. fixing grooves; 14. a helical gear; 2. a connecting plate; 21. an inner arc-shaped surface; 22. connecting plates; 23. a connecting shaft; 24. a pin hole; 25. a cotter pin; 26. a placement groove; 3. a worm; 31. fixing the bearing; 32. inserting the groove; 33. an insertion rod; 331. a head portion; 332. a rod portion; 333. rotating the block; 334. a groove; 335. a first saw tooth; 34. a limiting block; 341. a limiting groove; 35. a yielding groove; 36. a residual gear; 361. a second saw tooth; 37. a connecting rod; 371. connecting a bearing; 38. the handle is rotated.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses a construction method of a special-shaped curved concrete roof. A construction method of a special-shaped curved surface concrete roof comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the roof arc-shaped section: according to the design drawing, the roof is divided into a plurality of arc-shaped surfaces in the transverse and longitudinal directions according to the section division, the size of the arc-shaped surfaces is consistent, and the arc-shaped roof is divided into grids.
S2, computer pre-arrangement: according to the divided arc-shaped surfaces, positioning the whole arc-shaped surface according to four points of each arc-shaped surface, and modeling the arc-shaped roof; and then, calculating the positioning coordinate and the height of each steel pipe according to the three-dimensional model of the arc-shaped roof and the radian of each arc-shaped surface.
S3, positioning and paying-off: the arc-shaped roof is positioned by adopting a stereo horizontal projection method, firstly, a stereo model on a computer is utilized to carry out horizontal projection, and meanwhile, a horizontal direction projection image of the arc-shaped roof on the next structural layer is calculated.
The projection drawing and the corresponding position data are combined with the field construction situation, the horizontal projection of the longitudinal beam of the arc-shaped roof on the lower structural layer is positioned in advance, the side lines of the arc-shaped surfaces are projected onto the lower structural layer according to different arc-shaped surfaces, and the side lines are used as control axes, so that the positioning of the transverse beam on the structural layer is realized.
S4, positioning and setting up of the support frame: positioning the longitudinal and transverse arrangement lines of the support frame on the lower-layer structure surface according to the positioning result of the computer, and marking the positioning coordinates and the heights of all the supporting points on the lower-layer structure surface; the support frames are positioned and installed one by one according to the marks, and meanwhile, jacking supports are arranged at the tops of the support frames, so that elevation fine adjustment is facilitated.
S5, installing a template and a steel bar: installing a steel pipe keel on the top support of the support frame, paving battens on the steel pipe, paving by adopting double templates, and paving a lower template 1 on the surfaces of the battens; bending the steel bars according to the bending radian of the lower template 1 and then fixing the steel bars on the lower template 1; in order to ensure the radian of the arc-shaped roof, a whole lower template 1 is used, and because the radian of the transverse roof is larger, the short edge of the lower template 1 is used as the transverse direction of the arc-shaped roof, and the long edge of the lower template 1 is used as the longitudinal direction of the arc-shaped roof, so that errors are reduced as much as possible; two lower templates 1 adjacent in the transverse direction are connected through a connecting piece, and two lower templates 1 adjacent in the longitudinal direction are fixed through iron nails.
S6, pouring concrete: the method comprises the steps of circularly pouring concrete by taking an eave as a starting point, firstly installing a stop plate on one circle of the eave, then annularly pouring around the roof for one circle, installing a layer of upper template after pouring for one circle, then pouring for the next circle, pouring concrete step by step, and installing the upper template section by section until the concrete pouring is finished. The upper template and the lower template 1 both adopt multilayer wood-rubber plates, and the upper template and the lower template 1 are fixed through split bolts.
S7, maintaining and removing the mold: after the concrete is condensed, the blocking plate and the upper template are firstly removed, after the upper template is removed, the end part of the split bolt which is leaked on the surface of the concrete is cut off, and then the split bolt is blocked by waterproof mortar. And then watering and maintaining, wherein the arc-shaped roof can not store water, plastic water pipes are arranged on the arc-shaped roof during maintenance, holes are formed in the water pipes at certain intervals, water is supplied for maintenance 24 hours a day, a thin film is covered on the surface of concrete, and the maintenance time is 14 days.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, two opposite side surfaces of each lower template 1 are outer arc surfaces 11, and the outer arc surfaces 11 protrude towards one side far away from the lower template 1. The connecting piece includes connecting plate 2, and connecting plate 2 is located between the outer arc face 11 of two lower templates 1, and the one end that connecting plate 2 is close to arbitrary lower template 1 is interior arcwall face 21, and interior arcwall face 21 is concave to one side that is close to connecting plate 2, and the both sides of connecting plate 2 all are the concave arc form in two sides.
Referring to fig. 2, the outer arcuate surface 11 extends into the inner arcuate surface 21 to allow the lower platen 1 to rotate relative to the web 2. One end of the connecting plate 2 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 22, two ends of the connecting plate 22 are respectively fixedly connected with connecting shafts 23, one end of the lower template 1 is provided with mounting holes 12, and the two connecting shafts 23 are respectively inserted into the two mounting holes 12. The mounting hole 12 is arranged through the lower template 1, a pin hole 24 is arranged at one end of the connecting shaft 23 far away from the connecting plate 22, and a cotter pin 25 is inserted into the pin hole 24. The connecting plate 2 is provided with a rotating part for driving the lower template 1 to rotate, and the lower template 1 rotates by taking the connecting shaft 23 as a rotating shaft.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a placing groove 26 is formed in the connecting plate 2, the rotating member includes a worm 3 disposed in the placing groove 26, a lower end of the placing groove 26 penetrates through the connecting plate 2 along a radial direction of the worm 3, and a bottom end of the worm 3 is connected to a bottom wall of the placing groove 26 through a fixed bearing 31. Fixing grooves 13 are formed in two outer arc-shaped surfaces 11 of the lower template 1, a helical gear 14 is fixedly connected in each fixing groove 13, the helical gears 14 are meshed with the worm 3, and a connecting shaft 23 is inserted into a central hole of the corresponding helical gear 14.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an insertion groove 32 is formed at an end of the worm 3 away from the bottom of the placement groove 26, an insertion rod 33 is disposed in the insertion groove 32, the insertion rod 33 is in an inverted T shape and includes a head portion 331 and a rod portion 332 fixedly connected to the head portion 331, the head portion 331 is in a square shape and is slidably disposed in the insertion groove 32, and an end of the rod portion 332 away from the head portion 331 extends out of the insertion groove 32. The notch of the insertion slot 32 is fixedly connected with a limit block 34, the limit block 34 is provided with a limit groove 341 for the rod part 332 to penetrate out, and one end of the rod part 332 far away from the head part 331 is fixedly connected with a rotating block 333. By rotating the rotating block 333, the worm 3 can be rotated, and the rotation of the worm 3 can drive the helical gear 14 to rotate, so that the lower template 1 can rotate.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an annular yielding groove 35 is formed at one end of the worm 3 away from the bottom of the placing groove 26, and the rod portion 332 is located at the center of the yielding groove 35. The insertion rod 33 is connected with a sliding part for enabling the insertion rod 33 to slide in the insertion groove 32, the rod part 332 is provided with a groove 334 penetrating along the radial direction of the rod part 332, the groove 334 extends along the axial direction of the rod part 332, and the inner side wall of the groove 334 is provided with a first sawtooth 335.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the slider includes a residual gear 36 disposed in a groove 334, and the residual gear 36 is provided with second saw teeth 361, and the first saw teeth 335 are engaged with the second saw teeth 361. A connecting rod 37 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the residual gear 36, one end of the connecting rod 37, which is far away from the residual gear 36, is fixedly connected with a rotating handle 38, and the connecting rod 37 is connected with the groove bottom of the abdicating groove 35 through a connecting bearing 371. By rotating the rotating handle 38, the residual gear 36 drives the insertion rod 33 to move up and down in the insertion slot 32, so that the rotating block 333 extends out of the abdicating slot 35, and the rotating block 333 is conveniently rotated. To prevent the erroneous touch, the turning block 333 is located in the escape groove 35 when the worm 3 does not need to be turned.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, when the two lower templates 1 are connected by the connecting member, the two connecting shafts 23 on the connecting plate 2 are inserted into the two mounting holes 12, respectively, and the positions of the connecting shafts 23 are fixed by the cotter pins 25. The connecting shaft 23 passes through the center of the helical gear 14 during insertion into the mounting hole 12, and the worm 3 engages with the helical gear 14. When the angle between the two lower templates 1 needs to be adjusted, the rotating handle 38 can be rotated to enable the rotating block 333 to extend out of the abdicating groove 35, and then the rotating block 333 is rotated to enable the worm 3 to rotate and drive the bevel gear 14 to rotate, at the moment, the angle between the two lower templates 1 can be changed, and after the angle is adjusted to the needed angle, self-locking can be carried out between the worm 3 and the bevel gear 14. At this time, the rotating handle 38 is only rotated to position the rotating block 333 in the receding groove 35, so that the rotating block 333 can be prevented from being touched by mistake.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a special-shaped curved surface concrete roof is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the roof arc-shaped section: according to a design drawing, performing section division on the arc-shaped roof in the transverse and longitudinal directions, dividing the arc-shaped roof into a plurality of arc-shaped surfaces, wherein the arc-shaped surfaces are consistent in size, and dividing the arc-shaped roof into grids;
s2, computer pre-arrangement: according to the divided arc-shaped surfaces, positioning the whole arc-shaped surface according to four points of each arc-shaped surface, and modeling the arc-shaped roof; then, calculating the positioning coordinate and the height of each steel pipe according to the three-dimensional model of the arc-shaped roof and the radian of each arc-shaped surface;
s3, positioning and paying-off: positioning the arc-shaped roof by adopting a three-dimensional horizontal projection method, firstly, performing horizontal projection by utilizing a three-dimensional model on a computer, and simultaneously calculating a horizontal projection image of the arc-shaped roof on the next structural layer;
the projection drawing and the corresponding position data are combined with the site construction situation, the horizontal projection of the longitudinal beam of the arc-shaped roof on the lower structural layer is positioned in advance, the side lines of the arc-shaped surfaces are projected onto the lower structural layer according to different arc-shaped surfaces, and the side lines are used as control axes to realize the positioning of the transverse beam on the structural layer;
s4, positioning and setting up of the support frame: positioning the longitudinal and transverse arrangement lines of the support frame on the lower-layer structure surface according to the positioning result of the computer, and marking the positioning coordinates and the heights of all the supporting points on the lower-layer structure surface; the supporting frames are positioned and installed one by one according to the marks, and meanwhile, jacking supports are arranged at the tops of the supporting frames, so that elevation fine adjustment is facilitated;
s5, installing a template and a steel bar: a steel pipe keel is installed on a top support of the supporting frame, wood beams are laid on the steel pipe, double-template laying is adopted, and a lower template (1) is laid on the surface of each wood beam; bending the steel bar according to the lower template (1) and fixing the steel bar on the lower template (1);
s6, pouring concrete: circularly pouring concrete by taking the eave as a starting point, firstly installing a barrier plate on one circle of the eave, then annularly pouring around the roof for one circle, installing a layer of upper template after one circle is poured, then pouring the next circle, pouring the concrete step by step, and installing the upper templates section by section until the concrete pouring is finished;
s7, maintaining and removing the mold: after the concrete is condensed, firstly removing the barrier plate and the upper template, and then watering and curing;
the two transversely adjacent lower templates (1) are connected through a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprises a connecting plate (2), one end of the connecting plate (2) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (22), two ends of the connecting plate (22) are respectively and fixedly connected with connecting shafts (23), one end of each lower template (1) is provided with a mounting hole (12), and the two connecting shafts (23) are respectively inserted into the two mounting holes (12); the connecting plate (2) is provided with a rotating piece for driving the lower template (1) to rotate, a placing groove (26) is formed in the connecting plate (2), the rotating piece comprises a worm (3) arranged in the placing groove (26), and the lower end of the placing groove (26) penetrates through the connecting plate (2) along the radial direction of the worm (3); fixing grooves (13) are formed in two outer arc-shaped surfaces (11) of the lower template (1), a bevel gear (14) is fixedly connected into each fixing groove (13), and the bevel gears (14) are meshed with the worm (3); the connecting shaft (23) is inserted into the central hole of the corresponding bevel gear (14); an insertion groove (32) is formed in one end, away from the groove bottom of the placement groove (26), of the worm (3), an insertion rod (33) is arranged in the insertion groove (32), the insertion rod (33) is T-shaped and comprises a head portion (331) and a rod portion (332) which are fixedly connected, the head portion (331) is located in the insertion groove (32), and one end, away from the head portion (331), of the rod portion (332) extends out of the insertion groove (32); a limiting block (34) is fixedly connected to the notch of the insertion groove (32), and a limiting groove (341) for the rod part (332) to pass through is formed in the limiting block (34); the insertion rod (33) is connected with a sliding piece which is used for enabling the insertion rod (33) to slide in the insertion groove (32).
2. The construction method of the special-shaped curved concrete roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S5 and the step S6, the upper template and the lower template (1) both adopt multilayer wood-rubber plates, and the upper template and the lower template (1) are fixed through split bolts.
3. The construction method of the special-shaped curved concrete roof as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in step S7, after the upper formwork is removed, the end of the split bolt that leaks out of the concrete surface is cut off, and then plugged with waterproof mortar.
4. The construction method of the special-shaped curved concrete roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S7, as the arc-shaped roof can not store water, plastic water pipes are arranged on the arc-shaped roof during maintenance, holes are formed in the water pipes at certain intervals, and water is supplied for maintenance 24 hours a day; and covering a film on the surface of the concrete, wherein the curing time is 14 days.
5. The construction method of the special-shaped curved concrete roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, in order to ensure the radian of the arc-shaped roof, a whole lower template (1) is used, and because the radian of the transverse roof is large, the short side of the lower template (1) is used as the transverse direction of the arc-shaped roof, and the long side of the lower template (1) is used as the longitudinal direction of the arc-shaped roof, so that errors are reduced as much as possible; two lower templates (1) which are adjacent in the longitudinal direction are fixed by iron nails.
6. The construction method of the special-shaped curved concrete roof as claimed in claim 5, wherein: two opposite side surfaces of each lower template (1) are outer arc surfaces (11), the outer arc surfaces (11) protrude towards one side far away from the lower template (1), and the connecting plate (2) is positioned between the outer arc surfaces (11) of the two lower templates (1); one end, close to any lower template (1), of the connecting plate (2) is an inner arc-shaped surface (21), the inner arc-shaped surface (21) is concave towards one side close to the connecting plate (2), the outer arc-shaped surface (11) extends into the inner arc-shaped surface (21), and the lower template (1) rotates relative to the connecting plate (2).
7. The construction method of the special-shaped curved concrete roof as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the mounting hole (12) penetrates through the lower template (1), a pin hole (24) is formed in one end, far away from the connecting plate (22), of the connecting shaft (23), and a split pin (25) is inserted into the pin hole (24).
8. The construction method of the special-shaped curved concrete roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a groove (334) is formed in the rod part (332) in a penetrating mode, the groove (334) extends along the axial direction of the rod part (332), and first sawteeth (335) are arranged on the inner side wall of the groove (334); the sliding part comprises a residual gear (36) arranged in a groove (334), a second saw tooth (361) is arranged on the residual gear (36), and the first saw tooth (335) is meshed with the second saw tooth (361); and a connecting rod (37) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the residual gear (36), and a rotating handle (38) is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the rotating ring, of the connecting rod (37).
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| CN113530273A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁一局集团(广州)建设工程有限公司 | Automatic spraying maintenance method for aluminum mold integrated wall |
| CN113503031B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-02-28 | 哈尔滨职业技术学院 | Beam frame for building construction |
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