CN110984210A - Iron frame foundation of power transmission line and construction method - Google Patents
Iron frame foundation of power transmission line and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110984210A CN110984210A CN201911237034.1A CN201911237034A CN110984210A CN 110984210 A CN110984210 A CN 110984210A CN 201911237034 A CN201911237034 A CN 201911237034A CN 110984210 A CN110984210 A CN 110984210A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000269793 Cryothenia peninsulae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011798 excavation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
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- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a power transmission line iron frame foundation, wherein the power transmission line iron frame foundation mainly comprises a bottom plate rib and an upright post rib, templates are arranged outside the upright post rib, and two adjacent templates are fixedly connected together through a right-angle fixing plate; the upper template and the lower template are fixedly connected together through iron wires; a mandril is arranged between the outer wall of the template and the inner wall of the foundation pit, the mandril is sleeved on the supporting plate through a rope and is sequentially sleeved with the mandril to be fixedly connected; the method comprises the following specific operation steps: 1) excavation of a foundation pit and a ground pit, 2) reinforcement and formwork support, 3) installation of a template, 4) installation of foundation bolts, 5) foundation pouring, 6) formwork removal and backfilling, and 7) site cleaning. The invention carries out all-round control on the construction of the iron tower foundation, reduces various problems after the construction in the later period is finished, ensures the whole construction quality, shortens the construction period, is beneficial to the smooth completion of the construction of the iron tower foundation and lays a foundation for the safe, stable and reliable operation of a power line.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an iron tower foundation structure and a specific construction process, in particular to a power transmission line iron tower foundation and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of electric power construction.
Secondly, background art:
along with the development of social economy, the energy demand is continuously improved, and as one of important energy sources in China, along with the development of the power industry, the number of lines is increased day by day, the range of a power grid is enlarged, and intensive and networked forms are gradually formed; particularly, in the transmission of the electric power of the iron tower, the technical quality of the iron tower is closely connected with the operation effect of the whole electric power circuit, and the stability and the safety of the operation of the electric power circuit are also closely related; the difficulty of iron tower construction is as follows: the iron tower is large in size, is mostly built in open places in the field, is very difficult in natural conditions and large in workload, and common projects need to use hundreds of cubes of concrete; the field construction is obvious in one time, the quality is required to be qualified at the beginning, otherwise, problems are found in subsequent work and are difficult to process, so that the construction period is delayed and the maintenance cost is increased.
Thirdly, the invention content:
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the construction method of the power transmission line iron frame foundation is provided, construction is comprehensively checked, the construction period is shortened, the construction quality is improved, and the cost is saved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a power transmission line iron frame foundation comprises a bottom plate rib and upright post ribs, wherein bricks are arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate rib, the upright post ribs are placed at the center positions of the bottom plate rib, four groups of supporting templates are arranged around the bottom plate rib, and each group of supporting templates are vertically stacked together from at least three templates; a right-angle fixing plate is arranged at an included angle between the two adjacent supporting templates, at least three ejector rods are arranged between the outer part of each supporting template and the inner wall of the foundation pit, a supporting plate is arranged above the opening of the foundation pit, and the supporting plate and the ejector rods are sequentially sleeved outside the ejector rods and the supporting plate through soft ropes and are fixed together; and the middle parts above the four groups of supporting templates are transversely provided with a fixing plate, and the fixing plates are fixedly connected with the tops of the lower templates through bolts.
The outer part of each template is distributed in a groove shape, bolt holes are respectively arranged on the periphery of each template, and bolt holes with the same interval as that of the template are respectively arranged on two side edges of the right-angle fixing plate; the right angle fixed plate sets up the contained angle department at two sets of adjacent braced templates, pass the hole of setting on the right angle fixed plate side, the hole on the template side in proper order through the iron wire between the side of every right angle fixed plate and the template that corresponds and screw up fixedly together.
The distance between the periphery of the bottom plate rib and the peripheral inner wall of the foundation pit is 5 cm.
The templates are distributed in a box body shape without a cover, and bolt holes are dug in the wall surfaces around the templates.
The middle of the two ends of the supporting plate is symmetrically provided with a strip-shaped groove.
The construction method of the power transmission line iron frame foundation comprises the following steps:
A. construction preparation:
1) tool preparation: selecting a measuring instrument suitable for construction, wherein the measuring instrument comprises a theodolite, a steel tape, a tower ruler, a flower pole, a level bar and a scientific calculator; matching various tools for foundation pit excavation, backfilling, foundation casting, grounding ditch excavation and backfilling; in addition, small nails, strings, paint, hammers and plumbs are prepared as auxiliary materials; before use, the measuring instrument and the measuring tool are checked and corrected;
2) and (3) retesting the line: checking straight lines and rotation angles, checking height difference and span of a rod position, checking crossing positions and elevations, and checking windage yaw influence points; comprehensively checking the tower position of the pole, comprising: the protection range of the foundation, the height difference of the foundation of the tower position and the section of the tower position to be measured in special terrain, and finally whether the tower position of the tower is feasible or not is confirmed, so that data is provided for pit division;
3) dividing the foundation into pits: determining the center of the foundation concrete of each tower pole leg and the height of a design reference surface, including the size of the foundation; calculating the depth of a foundation pit to be excavated according to the measured topographic height difference;
B. the method comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) excavation of foundation pit and grounding pit
a. When the foundation pit is excavated, a tower central pile and an auxiliary pile nailed during the recovery process are protected, the pit depth of a tower foundation is in accordance with the standard, and the elevation of the bottom of a hole is based on the top surface of the tower central pile;
b. the dug silt is reasonably stored in a place 1m away from the pithead, so that the thrown soil is prevented from falling back into the pit, and collapse prevention measures are taken when the foundation pit is too deep;
c. when the pit wall is excavated, the pit wall is vertically excavated and cannot be hollowed; after the excavation is finished, measuring whether the width and the depth of the pithead meet the standard or not;
c. when the grounding ditch is excavated, sundries affecting the contact between the grounding body and the soil in the ditch are removed; when the ground ditches are dug on the hillside, the ground ditches are dug along contour lines, and the parallel distance between the two ground ditches is not less than 5 m;
2) tie muscle formwork
①, binding bottom plate ribs, namely placing bricks at the bottom of the foundation pit to prevent the plate ribs from contacting with the soil layer of the foundation pit, uniformly distributing the ribs, and keeping a 5cm protective layer between the bottom plate ribs and the foundation pit wall, wherein the bound steel bars are firm and beautiful;
②, binding upright column reinforcements, namely, binding the upright column reinforcements, namely, positioning the bound upright column reinforcements at the central position of a foundation pit, positioning the main reinforcements of a column body to II-grade reinforcements, welding joints of the main reinforcements by adopting double-sided welding, wherein the welding length is 3 times of the diameter of the main reinforcements;
③, installation of the template:
a. the template is made of rigid materials, the surface of the template is smooth, and joints are tight; effective demoulding measures are taken on the surface contacting with the concrete so as to ensure the surface quality of the cast concrete; after the template is installed, the template (5) is hooped, so that the situations of bulging and exploding of the template are prevented;
b. a 90-degree included angle is formed between the adjacent templates, a right-angle lath with a bolt hole is placed at the included angle, and the right-angle lath and the edges of the templates on the two sides are screwed and fixed through iron wires; at least two positions on the side edge of each template are screwed and fixed with the edge of the right-angle lath by iron wires;
c. a mandril is arranged between the outer part of the template and the inner wall of the foundation pit, so that the firmness of the template is ensured; four supporting plates are transversely arranged above the opening of the foundation pit, two supporting plates are arranged on the left side of the upright post rib, and two supporting plates are arranged on the right side of the upright post rib; the length of the supporting plate is larger than the width of the base pit opening, and a rope is sleeved between each fixing plate and the corresponding ejector rod arranged below the fixing plate, so that the situation that the ejector rods slide off due to looseness is avoided; the ejector rods positioned in the upper side direction and the lower side direction of the upright post ribs are respectively sleeved with the end parts of the four supporting plates through ropes;
④ mounting anchor bolts
The foundation bolts are installed, the height of the concrete surface exposed after casting must be ensured, the two bolts at the top are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the maximum height difference does not exceed 3 mm;
3) pouring foundation
a. The foundation pouring needs to be mixed on site, and the concrete strength is designed to be C25; in the casting process, a vibrating rod is used for vibrating the concrete to ensure compaction; the vibrating rod must not be used as a means of making the concrete flow; the construction joints are avoided as much as possible, the layer platform is cast first, and the upright post is cast later; in inevitable cases, sufficient adhesion between the old and new joints should be ensured by chopping the old concrete surface onto a rough surface; immediately cleaning all loose particles on the surface before placing new concrete, and paving a layer of 10mm thick mortar on the cleaned surface according to equal proportion;
b. in the process of pouring the foundation, test blocks are required to be manufactured, the test blocks are required to be sampled and manufactured from the concrete in pouring on site, the manufacturing number of the test blocks is required to be in accordance with one group of each foundation of a corner, a strain, a terminal and a transposition tower, and 3 test blocks are manufactured in each group;
c. in the concrete pouring process, the accuracy of the foundation bolts and the template is checked at any time, and the deviation is corrected in time; watering and curing are started within 12 hours after the foundation is poured, watering and curing are carried out within 3 hours when weather is hot and dry and wind exists, a covering is added outside a foundation template during curing, and watering times can keep the surface of concrete moist;
4) demold backfilling
a. Checking the strength of the concrete 48 hours after the concrete is poured, and removing the formwork until the strength reaches the specified strength; carefully operating during form removal to ensure that the surface and edges of the concrete are not damaged;
b. surface quality inspection is immediately carried out after the foundation is demoulded, and the concrete surface of the demoulded foundation is smooth and has no phenomena of honeycombs, pitted surfaces, dog holes and the like;
c. the foundation is demolded and backfilled immediately after the surface quality inspection is qualified, the backfilling is carried out once when the backfilling is carried out at the thickness of 300mm, a covering object is added to the exposed part of the foundation, and the watering and maintenance are continued; after the formwork is removed, concrete residues on the foundation bolts are removed in time, the foundation screw thread parts are coated with grease, and the recovered foundation screw caps are properly kept with marks.
d. Before earth is backfilled in the earth groove, the length and the depth of the earth groove are required to be checked to meet the design requirements, and the backfilled earth cannot be doped with stones and needs to be tamped; in areas with higher soil resistivity, appropriate resistance reduction measures should also be taken: using a grounding module;
5) cleaning the site: after all basic activities are completed, all excess excavation and construction materials on site should be cleaned.
The invention has the following positive beneficial effects:
1. the ejector rods are arranged between the outer part of each group of supporting templates and the inner wall of the foundation pit, so that the supporting templates are tightly pushed, and the adjacent supporting templates are fixedly connected through the right-angle fixing plates, so that the bulging and bursting of the supporting templates are prevented; the template is made of rigid materials, the surface of the template is smooth, and joints are tight; effective demoulding measures are taken on the surface contacting with the concrete so as to ensure the surface quality of the cast concrete.
2. Four supporting plates are transversely arranged above a foundation pit opening, two supporting plates are arranged on the left side of an upright post rib, and two supporting plates are arranged on the right side of the upright post rib; a rope is sleeved between each fixing plate and the corresponding ejector rod arranged below the fixing plate, so that the situation that the ejector rods are loosened and slide is avoided; after pouring simultaneously, only need make the ejector pin not hard up to the light of the one deck of the rope on one side fagging one deck that makes simultaneously, make the both ends of ejector pin fall on two ropes respectively, progressively pull out the rope to take out the ejector pin can, easy operation.
3. The invention carries out all-round control on the construction of the iron tower foundation, reduces various problems after the construction in the later period is finished, ensures the whole construction quality, shortens the construction period, is beneficial to the smooth completion of the construction of the iron tower foundation and lays a foundation for the safe, stable and reliable operation of a power line.
Fourthly, explanation of the attached drawings:
FIG. 1 is a construction state diagram of a power transmission line iron frame foundation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the template;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the module and the right angle fixing plate;
figure 4 is a distribution diagram of the template and stay plate end cord.
The fifth embodiment is as follows:
the invention will be further explained and explained with reference to the drawings, in which:
example 1: a power transmission line iron frame foundation comprises a bottom plate rib 3 and a stand column rib 4, wherein a brick 2 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate rib 3, the stand column rib 4 is placed at the center of the bottom plate rib 3, four groups of supporting templates are arranged around the bottom plate rib 3, and each group of supporting templates are vertically stacked together from at least three templates 5; a right-angle fixing plate 6 is arranged at an included angle between two adjacent groups of supporting templates, at least three ejector rods 8 are arranged between the outer part of each group of supporting templates and the inner wall of the foundation pit 1, a supporting plate 9 is arranged above the opening of the foundation pit, and the supporting plate 9 and the ejector rods 8 are sequentially sleeved outside the ejector rods and the supporting plate 9 through soft ropes and fixed together; a fixing plate 11 is transversely arranged at the middle part above the four support templates, and the fixing plate 11 is fixedly connected with the top of the lower template 5 through bolts; the outer part of each template 5 is distributed in a groove shape, bolt holes are respectively arranged on the periphery of each template 5, and bolt holes with the same distance with the bolt holes on the templates 5 are respectively arranged on two side edges of the right-angle fixing plate 6; the right-angle fixing plates 6 are arranged at the included angles of the two adjacent supporting templates, and the side edge of each right-angle fixing plate 6 and the corresponding template 5 sequentially penetrate through the holes in the side edges of the right-angle fixing plates 6 and the holes in the side edges of the templates 5 through iron wires 7 and are screwed and fixed together; the distance between the periphery of the bottom plate rib 3 and the inner wall of the periphery of the foundation pit is 5 cm; in the description, the templates are distributed in a uncovered box shape, and bolt holes are dug in the wall surfaces around the templates and are used for fixing the adjacent bolt holes between the upper template and the lower template together through iron wire through holes; a strip-shaped groove is dug in the middle of the two ends of the supporting plate symmetrically; in fig. 1D is indicated as ground.
Example 2: the construction method of the power transmission line iron frame foundation comprises the following steps:
B. construction preparation:
1) tool preparation: selecting a measuring instrument suitable for construction, wherein the measuring instrument comprises a theodolite, a steel tape, a tower ruler, a flower pole, a level bar and a scientific calculator; matching various tools for foundation pit excavation, backfilling, foundation casting, grounding ditch excavation and backfilling; in addition, small nails, strings, paint, hammers and plumbs are prepared as auxiliary materials; before use, the measuring instrument and the measuring tool are checked and corrected;
2) and (3) retesting the line: checking straight lines and rotation angles, checking height difference and span of a rod position, checking crossing positions and elevations, and checking windage yaw influence points; comprehensively checking the tower position of the pole, comprising: the protection range of the foundation, the height difference of the foundation of the tower position and the section of the tower position to be measured in special terrain, and finally whether the tower position of the tower is feasible or not is confirmed, so that data is provided for pit division;
3) dividing the foundation into pits: determining the center of the foundation concrete of each tower pole leg and the height of a design reference surface, including the size of the foundation; calculating the depth of a foundation pit to be excavated according to the measured topographic height difference;
B. the method comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) excavation of foundation pit and grounding pit
a. When the foundation pit is excavated, a tower central pile and an auxiliary pile nailed during the recovery process are protected, the pit depth of a tower foundation is in accordance with the standard, and the elevation of the bottom of a hole is based on the top surface of the tower central pile;
b. the dug silt is reasonably stored in a place 1m away from the pithead, so that the thrown soil is prevented from falling back into the pit, and collapse prevention measures are taken when the foundation pit is too deep;
c. when the pit wall is excavated, the pit wall is vertically excavated and cannot be hollowed; after the excavation is finished, measuring whether the width and the depth of the pithead meet the standard or not;
c. when the grounding ditch is excavated, sundries affecting the contact between the grounding body and the soil in the ditch are removed; when the ground ditches are dug on the hillside, the ground ditches are dug along contour lines, and the parallel distance between the two ground ditches is not less than 5 m;
2) tie muscle formwork
①, binding bottom plate ribs, namely placing bricks 2 at the bottom of the foundation pit to prevent the plate ribs from contacting with the soil layer of the foundation pit, uniformly distributing the ribs, and keeping a 5cm protective layer between the bottom plate ribs and the foundation pit wall, wherein the bound steel ribs are firm and beautiful;
②, binding upright column reinforcements, namely, binding the upright column reinforcements, namely, positioning the bound upright column reinforcements at the central position of a foundation pit, positioning the main reinforcements of a column body to II-grade reinforcements, welding joints of the main reinforcements by adopting double-sided welding, wherein the welding length is 3 times of the diameter of the main reinforcements;
③, installation of the template:
a. the template is made of rigid materials, the surface of the template is smooth, and joints are tight; effective demoulding measures are taken on the surface contacting with the concrete so as to ensure the surface quality of the cast concrete; after the template is installed, the template 5 is hooped, so that the situations of bulging and exploding of the template are prevented;
b. an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the adjacent templates 5, a right-angle lath 6 with a bolt hole is placed at the included angle, and the right-angle lath 6 and the edges of the templates 5 at two sides are screwed and fixed through iron wires 7; at least two positions on the side edge of each template 5 are screwed and fixed with the edge of the right-angle lath 6 by iron wires;
c. an ejector rod 8 is arranged between the outer part of the template 5 and the inner wall of the foundation pit, so that the firmness of the template is ensured; four supporting plates 9 are transversely arranged above the opening of the foundation pit, two supporting plates are arranged on the left side of the upright post rib, and two supporting plates are arranged on the right side of the upright post rib; the length of the fixing plate 11 is larger than the width of the base pit opening, and a rope 12 is sleeved between each supporting plate 9 and the corresponding ejector rod 8 arranged below the supporting plate, so that the situation that the ejector rods 8 slide down due to looseness is avoided; the ejector rods 8 positioned in the upper side direction and the lower side direction of the upright post ribs are respectively sleeved with the end parts of the supporting plates 9 through ropes 12, and two ropes 12 are respectively sleeved at two ends of each supporting plate 9;
④ mounting anchor bolts
The foundation bolts are installed, the height of the concrete surface exposed after casting must be ensured, the two bolts at the top are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the maximum height difference does not exceed 3 mm;
6) pouring foundation
a. The foundation pouring needs to be mixed on site, and the concrete strength is designed to be C25; in the casting process, a vibrating rod is used for vibrating the concrete to ensure compaction; the vibrating rod must not be used as a means of making the concrete flow; the construction joints are avoided as much as possible, the layer platform is cast first, and the upright post is cast later; in inevitable cases, sufficient adhesion between the old and new joints should be ensured by chopping the old concrete surface onto a rough surface; immediately cleaning all loose particles on the surface before placing new concrete, and paving a layer of 10mm thick mortar on the cleaned surface according to equal proportion;
b. in the process of pouring the foundation, test blocks are required to be manufactured, the test blocks are required to be sampled and manufactured from the concrete in pouring on site, the manufacturing number of the test blocks is required to be in accordance with one group of each foundation of a corner, a strain, a terminal and a transposition tower, and 3 test blocks are manufactured in each group;
c. in the concrete pouring process, the accuracy of the foundation bolts and the template is checked at any time, and the deviation is corrected in time; watering and curing are started within 12 hours after the foundation is poured, watering and curing are carried out within 3 hours when weather is hot and dry and wind exists, a covering is added outside a foundation template during curing, and watering times can keep the surface of concrete moist;
7) demold backfilling
a. Checking the strength of the concrete 48 hours after the concrete is poured, and removing the formwork until the strength reaches the specified strength; carefully operating during form removal to ensure that the surface and edges of the concrete are not damaged;
b. surface quality inspection is immediately carried out after the foundation is demoulded, and the concrete surface of the demoulded foundation is smooth and has no phenomena of honeycombs, pitted surfaces, dog holes and the like;
c. the foundation is demolded and backfilled immediately after the surface quality inspection is qualified, the backfilling is carried out once when the backfilling is carried out at the thickness of 300mm, a covering object is added to the exposed part of the foundation, and the watering and maintenance are continued; after the formwork is removed, concrete residues on the foundation bolts are removed in time, the foundation screw thread parts are coated with grease, and the recovered foundation screw caps are properly kept with marks.
d. Before earth is backfilled in the earth groove, the length and the depth of the earth groove are required to be checked to meet the design requirements, and the backfilled earth cannot be doped with stones and needs to be tamped; in areas with higher soil resistivity, appropriate resistance reduction measures should also be taken: using a grounding module;
8) cleaning the site: after all basic activities are finished, all redundant excavation and construction materials on the site are cleaned;
in the above description, before the form is removed, the ejector pins are removed, the ejector pins in fig. 1 are divided into three groups (upper, middle and lower), when the ejector pins are removed, one of the ropes is slightly pulled upwards to loosen the tightly-pushed ejector pin, two ends of the ejector pin drop into two ropes, and then the operation is repeated until the ejector pins in the three layers fall onto the ropes, then the ropes are lifted to the position of the foundation pit, and the ejector pins are sequentially taken out; the rope is at the in-process of drawing, and the staff should adjust the position of fagging at any time, avoids appearing the ejector pin card between foundation ditch inner wall and template, wholly draws the in-process, needs two staff cooperation operations, and alone is responsible for a rope, avoids the ejector pin slope too big, the condition of landing on the follow rope.
Fig. 3 shows the connection between adjacent formworks (left and right adjacent formworks), and the right-angle fixing plate not only plays a role in connecting the formworks, but also forms a compact and firm rectangular structure between the formworks.
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of the template and ropes at the ends of the supporting plates, wherein a rope is vertically hung in the middle of each supporting plate 9 and is used for sleeving and connecting ejector rods 8 between two side walls on the left side of the foundation pit (in the directions C and D in FIG. 4); two ropes are hung at two ends of the four supporting plates 9 respectively and are used for sleeving and connecting the ejector rods 8 between the upper side wall and the lower side wall (in the direction A and the direction B in the drawing) of the foundation pit.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a transmission line iron stand basis, includes bottom plate muscle (3) and stand muscle (4), its characterized in that: bricks (2) are arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate rib (3), the upright post rib (4) is placed at the center of the bottom plate rib (3), four groups of supporting plates are arranged around the bottom plate rib (3), and each group of supporting plates is vertically stacked by at least three supporting plates (5) from top to bottom; a right-angle fixing plate (6) is arranged at an included angle between the two adjacent supporting templates, at least three ejector rods (8) are arranged between the outer part of each supporting template and the inner wall of the foundation pit (1), a supporting plate (9) is arranged above the foundation pit opening, and the supporting plate (9) and the ejector rods (8) are sequentially sleeved outside the ejector rods and the supporting plate (9) through soft ropes and are fixed together; the middle part of the upper part of the four groups of supporting templates is transversely provided with a fixing plate (11), and the fixing plate (11) is fixedly connected with the top of the lower template (5) through bolts.
2. The power transmission line iron frame foundation of claim 1, characterized in that: the outer part of each template (5) is distributed in a groove shape, bolt holes are respectively arranged on the periphery of each template (5), and bolt holes with the same distance with the bolt holes on the templates (5) are respectively arranged on two side edges of the right-angle fixing plate (6); right angle fixed plate (6) set up the contained angle department at two sets of adjacent buttresses board, pass the hole that sets up on right angle fixed plate (6) side, on template (5) side in proper order through iron wire (7) between the side of every right angle fixed plate (6) and template (5) that correspond and screw up fixedly together.
3. The power transmission line iron frame foundation of claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the periphery of the bottom plate rib (3) and the peripheral inner wall of the foundation pit is 5 cm.
4. The power transmission line iron frame foundation of claim 1, characterized in that: the templates are distributed in a box body shape without a cover, and bolt holes (5-1) are dug on the wall surfaces around the templates.
5. The power transmission line iron frame foundation of claim 1, characterized in that: a strip-shaped groove (9-1) is symmetrically dug in the middle of two ends of the supporting plate (9).
6. The construction method of the power transmission line iron frame foundation of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
construction preparation:
1) tool preparation: selecting a measuring instrument suitable for construction, wherein the measuring instrument comprises a theodolite, a steel tape, a tower ruler, a flower pole, a level bar and a scientific calculator; matching various tools for foundation pit excavation, backfilling, foundation casting, grounding ditch excavation and backfilling; in addition, small nails, strings, paint, hammers and plumbs are prepared as auxiliary materials; before use, the measuring instrument and the measuring tool are checked and corrected;
2) and (3) retesting the line: checking straight lines and rotation angles, checking height difference and span of a rod position, checking crossing positions and elevations, and checking windage yaw influence points; comprehensively checking the tower position of the pole, comprising: the protection range of the foundation, the height difference of the foundation of the tower position and the section of the tower position to be measured in special terrain, and finally whether the tower position of the tower is feasible or not is confirmed, so that data is provided for pit division;
3) dividing the foundation into pits: determining the center of the foundation concrete of each tower pole leg and the height of a design reference surface, including the size of the foundation; calculating the depth of a foundation pit to be excavated according to the measured topographic height difference;
B. the method comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) excavation of foundation pit and grounding pit
a. When the foundation pit is excavated, a tower central pile and an auxiliary pile nailed during the recovery process are protected, the pit depth of a tower foundation is in accordance with the standard, and the elevation of the bottom of a hole is based on the top surface of the tower central pile;
b. the dug silt is reasonably stored in a place 1m away from the pithead, so that the thrown soil is prevented from falling back into the pit, and collapse prevention measures are taken when the foundation pit is too deep;
c. when the pit wall is excavated, the pit wall is vertically excavated and cannot be hollowed; after the excavation is finished, measuring whether the width and the depth of the pithead meet the standard or not;
c. when the grounding ditch is excavated, sundries affecting the contact between the grounding body and the soil in the ditch are removed; when the ground ditches are dug on the hillside, the ground ditches are dug along contour lines, and the parallel distance between the two ground ditches is not less than 5 m;
2) tie muscle formwork
①, binding bottom plate ribs, namely placing bricks (2) at the bottom of the foundation pit to prevent the plate ribs from contacting with the soil layer of the foundation pit, uniformly distributing the ribs, and keeping a 5cm protective layer between the bottom plate ribs and the foundation pit wall, wherein the bound ribs are firm and beautiful;
②, binding upright column reinforcements, namely, binding the upright column reinforcements, namely, positioning the bound upright column reinforcements at the central position of a foundation pit, positioning the main reinforcements of a column body to II-grade reinforcements, welding joints of the main reinforcements by adopting double-sided welding, wherein the welding length is 3 times of the diameter of the main reinforcements;
③, installation of the template:
a. the template is made of rigid materials, the surface of the template is smooth, and joints are tight; effective demoulding measures are taken on the surface contacting with the concrete so as to ensure the surface quality of the cast concrete; after the template is installed, the template (5) is hooped, so that the situations of bulging and exploding of the template are prevented;
b. an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the adjacent templates (5), a right-angle lath (6) with a bolt hole is placed at the included angle, and the right-angle lath (6) and the edges of the templates (5) at the two sides are screwed and fixed through iron wires (7); at least two positions on the side edge of each template (5) are screwed and fixed with the edge of the right-angle lath (6) by iron wires;
c. an ejector rod (8) is arranged between the outer part of the template (5) and the inner wall of the foundation pit, so that the firmness of the template is ensured; four supporting plates (9) are transversely arranged above the opening of the foundation pit, two supporting plates are arranged on the left side of the upright post rib, and two supporting plates are arranged on the right side of the upright post rib; the lengths of the four supporting plates (9) are larger than the width of the base pit opening, and a rope (12) is sleeved between each four supporting plates (9) and the ejector rod (8) correspondingly arranged below, so that the situation that the ejector rod (8) is loosened and slides down is avoided; the ejector rods (8) positioned in the upper side direction and the lower side direction of the upright post ribs are respectively sleeved with the end parts of the four supporting plates (9) through ropes (12);
④ mounting anchor bolts
The foundation bolts are installed, the height of the concrete surface exposed after casting must be ensured, the two bolts at the top are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the maximum height difference does not exceed 3 mm;
pouring foundation
a. The foundation pouring needs to be mixed on site, and the concrete strength is designed to be C25; in the casting process, a vibrating rod is used for vibrating the concrete to ensure compaction; the vibrating rod must not be used as a means of making the concrete flow; the construction joints are avoided as much as possible, the layer platform is cast first, and the upright post is cast later; in inevitable cases, sufficient adhesion between the old and new joints should be ensured by chopping the old concrete surface onto a rough surface; immediately cleaning all loose particles on the surface before placing new concrete, and paving a layer of 10mm thick mortar on the cleaned surface according to equal proportion;
b. in the process of pouring the foundation, test blocks are required to be manufactured, the test blocks are required to be sampled and manufactured from the concrete in pouring on site, the manufacturing number of the test blocks is required to be in accordance with one group of each foundation of a corner, a strain, a terminal and a transposition tower, and 3 test blocks are manufactured in each group;
c. in the concrete pouring process, the accuracy of the foundation bolts and the template is checked at any time, and the deviation is corrected in time; watering and curing are started within 12 hours after the foundation is poured, watering and curing are carried out within 3 hours when weather is hot and dry and wind exists, a covering is added outside a foundation template during curing, and watering times can keep the surface of concrete moist;
demold backfilling
a. Checking the strength of the concrete 48 hours after the concrete is poured, and removing the formwork until the strength reaches the specified strength; carefully operating during form removal to ensure that the surface and edges of the concrete are not damaged;
b. surface quality inspection is immediately carried out after the foundation is demoulded, and the concrete surface of the demoulded foundation is smooth and has no phenomena of honeycombs, pitted surfaces, dog holes and the like;
c. the foundation is demolded and backfilled immediately after the surface quality inspection is qualified, the backfilling is carried out once when the backfilling is carried out at the thickness of 300mm, a covering object is added to the exposed part of the foundation, and the watering and maintenance are continued; after the mould is removed, removing concrete residues on the foundation bolts in time, coating grease on the foundation screw buckle part, and keeping the recovered foundation screw caps properly by marking;
d. before earth is backfilled in the earth groove, the length and the depth of the earth groove are required to be checked to meet the design requirements, and the backfilled earth cannot be doped with stones and needs to be tamped; in areas with higher soil resistivity, appropriate resistance reduction measures should also be taken: using a grounding module;
cleaning the site: after all basic activities are completed, all excess excavation and construction materials on site should be cleaned.
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| CN112195956A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-08 | 中国电建集团河南工程有限公司 | Construction method for power transmission line in desert area |
| CN112982475A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-18 | 衡水衡源电力建设有限责任公司 | Auxiliary mounting tool for prefabricated foundation of power transmission line |
| CN113431077A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-24 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Tower crane foundation construction method |
| CN114263087A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-01 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Curb base template splicing and moving device and using method |
| CN114457838A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-10 | 北京城建集团有限责任公司 | Construction scheme for cableway foundation |
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| CN112195956A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-08 | 中国电建集团河南工程有限公司 | Construction method for power transmission line in desert area |
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| CN112982475A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-18 | 衡水衡源电力建设有限责任公司 | Auxiliary mounting tool for prefabricated foundation of power transmission line |
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| CN114263087A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-01 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Curb base template splicing and moving device and using method |
| CN114457838A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-10 | 北京城建集团有限责任公司 | Construction scheme for cableway foundation |
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