CN111961776A - Thermocouple position mapping method for corner area of blast furnace hearth lining - Google Patents
Thermocouple position mapping method for corner area of blast furnace hearth lining Download PDFInfo
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- CN111961776A CN111961776A CN202010763068.0A CN202010763068A CN111961776A CN 111961776 A CN111961776 A CN 111961776A CN 202010763068 A CN202010763068 A CN 202010763068A CN 111961776 A CN111961776 A CN 111961776A
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- thermocouple
- lining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/04—Blast furnaces with special refractories
- C21B7/06—Linings for furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2300/00—Process aspects
- C21B2300/04—Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposes; CII
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermocouple temperature mapping method for a corner area of a blast furnace lining. Obtaining the temperature distribution of the blast furnace lining through numerical simulation of the two-dimensional/three-dimensional heat transfer process of the blast furnace hearth lining; and drawing an isotherm of the corner region of the lining, and then moving the temperature measurement data of the thermocouple arranged near the corner region of the hearth lining to any heat flow line of the corner region along the isotherm to realize the mapping of the temperature measurement data of the thermocouple on any heat flow line of the corner region. The invention can improve the utilization rate of thermocouple temperature measurement data in the hearth area, provide basic data for the one-dimensional heat transfer calculation of the corner area and provide technical support for realizing the online prediction of the erosion condition of the corner area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of online prediction of erosion of a blast furnace hearth lining, and particularly relates to a thermocouple position mapping method for a hearth zone lining.
Background
The corrosion condition of the blast furnace hearth lining directly determines the service life of the blast furnace, so that the prediction of the corrosion condition is the key and difficult point of the long-life research of the blast furnace. The existing online prediction method for the corrosion condition of the blast furnace lining is to simplify the heat transfer process of the hearth lining into a one-dimensional heat transfer model, calculate the position coordinates of the hot surface of the hearth lining according to the temperature data of 2 thermocouples in the same heat flow direction of the lining based on the Fourier heat conduction law, and further obtain the corrosion or slagging condition of the lining.
However, the corner region temperature is affected by the heat transfer process of the side and bottom liners, and the temperature thereof varies significantly in the radial and height directions, so that the heat flow line from the furnace shell to the hot side of the liner extends irregularly in the radial and height directions, as shown in fig. 1; in addition, under the influence of molten iron flowing in the hearth, the floating height of dead material columns and the like, the corner area is easy to erode, the temperature distribution of the area changes remarkably due to the continuous change of the thickness of the lining, and the hot flow line of the corner area also changes accordingly. For the corner area, it is difficult to ensure that 2 pre-embedded thermocouples are on the same heat flow line. Therefore, how to acquire 2 temperature data on the same heat flow line is the key for predicting the erosion condition of the corner area of the hearth lining on line by applying a one-dimensional heat transfer model.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to accurately obtain the temperature of the corner area of the blast furnace hearth lining, the invention provides a thermocouple position mapping method for the corner area of the blast furnace hearth lining, which fully utilizes the thermoelectric even data to draw the hot flow line of the corner area, thereby improving the reliability of the prediction of the erosion morphology of the blast furnace hearth lining based on one-dimensional heat transfer.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a thermocouple position mapping method for a corner area of a blast furnace lining, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a numerical simulation model according to the molten iron flowing form in the hearth, the hearth lining structure and the material, determining a solution condition, and carrying out numerical simulation calculation on the numerical simulation model under the constraint of the solution condition to obtain the lining temperature distribution;
establishing a lining isotherm according to the lining temperature distribution;
and moving the thermocouples to corresponding heat flow lines of corner areas along the isotherms where the temperature measurement data are located according to the temperature measurement data of the thermocouples at the side part and the bottom part, and completing the mapping of the positions of the thermocouples.
In practical application, geometric modeling and grid division are carried out on a hearth region (including a furnace lining), a numerical simulation model and a definite solution condition in the flowing heat transfer process of molten iron in the furnace hearth are determined, numerical simulation calculation is carried out, and the temperature distribution of the furnace lining is obtained.
Further, the numerical simulation model includes: the mathematical model of the flow heat transfer and the fluid-solid coupling of the molten iron.
The invention discloses a thermocouple position mapping method for a corner area of a blast furnace lining, wherein the acquisition and drawing of an isothermal line of a hearth lining comprise the following steps: extracting grid node temperature data obtained by numerical simulation, and interpolating the temperature data and corresponding positions by using an interpolation method; and drawing an isothermal line where thermocouple temperature measurement data is based on the position and temperature data after numerical simulation and interpolation, and drawing as many isothermal lines as possible within a small temperature difference range to form an isothermal line cluster of the lining area.
Further, the step of obtaining denser temperature data by linear interpolation is as follows: and calculating the data of discrete points among grids by utilizing a linear interpolation method according to the number of grids in the corner area.
In practical application, the temperature field is divided into N temperature intervals (containing thermocouple temperature measurement data) based on the full-field temperature distribution of the corner region and combined with the side wall and bottom thermocouple temperature measurement data, and isothermal line clusters of the corner region are constructed. The N is more than or equal to 15; preferably 20 or more.
In practical application, the shallow thermocouple in the lining close to the furnace shell or any position of the shallow layer of the lining is taken as a starting point, the perpendicular lines of the isotherms are sequentially drawn, and a heat flow line starting from the shallow thermocouple in the lining is constructed.
The invention relates to a thermocouple position mapping method for a corner area of a blast furnace lining, which comprises the following steps: and moving the temperature measurement data of the thermocouple to a target heat flow line of a corner area according to the isothermal line of the temperature data of the thermocouple.
In practical application, the thermal electric even data which are not on the heat flow line are moved to the corresponding heat flow line of the corner area through the isotherm which is equal to the temperature measurement value of the thermal electric even data, mapping is completed, and the coordinates of the mapped thermocouple are obtained for carrying out subsequent one-dimensional heat transfer calculation.
The invention relates to a thermocouple position mapping method for a corner area of a blast furnace lining, wherein a target hot flow line comprises two pieces of hot and electric even data; the two thermocouple data are formed by actual thermocouple temperature measurement data and mapped thermocouple data, or both the two data are mapped thermocouple data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the utilization rate of thermocouple temperature measurement data of lining arrangement is improved;
2) the accuracy of drawing the heat flow line of the corner area is improved, and support is provided for the application of the one-dimensional heat transfer model in the aspect of predicting the erosion of the corner area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hot flow line of a hearth lining
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of thermocouple location mapping in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the structure of the side of the taphole (including the lining) of the shaft furnace hearth and the position of the thermocouple;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temperature distribution of the hearth lining on the tap hole side in example 1;
FIG. 5 is an isotherm and a heat flow diagram of the corner region on the tap hole side.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
1) FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the installation position of a thermocouple at the taphole side of a certain blast furnace. A total of four layers of thermocouples, each labeled G, H, J, K, L, were placed on the sides and one layer of thermocouples (M layers) was placed on the bottom.
2) And performing numerical simulation of the flow and heat transfer process of the molten iron in the blast furnace hearth and the fluid-solid coupling of the molten iron and the lining by using the operating parameters and the structure of the blast furnace to obtain the temperature distribution of the lining and the molten iron in the hearth. The mathematical models of the blast furnace hearth structure and the flow heat transfer and fluid-solid coupling of the molten iron are as follows:
the control equation for the flow heat transfer in the hearth is as follows:
continuity equation:
the momentum equation:
for turbulent flow of molten iron, a standard k-turbulence model was used.
Energy equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,ρ 3the density of molten iron in the hearth is kg/m; u is the speed of molten iron in the x direction, m/s; v is the speed of molten iron in the y direction Degree, m/s. p is molten iron pressure Pa;μis the dynamic viscosity of the molten iron,Pa·s； 2g is the acceleration of gravity, m/s；S i(i＝x,y)The resistance to fluid flow through the deadleg.k is the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the molten iron,W/(m·K)；cp is the specific heat capacity of molten iron at constant pressure,j/(kg. K), T is molten iron temperature, K。
iThe source term S (i ═ x, y) in the momentum equations (2) and (3) is calculated using the resistance of the fluid flowing through the porous medium
The equation, namely the early root equation, is calculated, taking the X direction as an example, as shown in the formula (5):
in the formula (d)pIs the average particle diameter of the charge, m. The first term on the right side of the above equation is the viscous loss term and the second term is the inertial loss term. Coefficient of viscous loss 1/alpha and coefficient of inertial loss C corresponding to each direction2Is calculated as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is the particle shape factor; the porosity of a dead iron layer or a coke layer treated as a porous medium in a hearth;
for the fluid-solid coupling model, in the actual numerical simulation process, all the wall surfaces in direct contact with molten iron are arranged
Is realized by fluid-solid coupling boundary, thus ensuring that the solver calculates the distance between the lining and the molten iron by adopting the data of the adjacent grids of the boundary
cThe amount of heat transferred is denoted by Q. The fourier heat conduction law (equation (6)) is then used to calculate the temperature distribution within the furnace lining.
In the formula, Q c Calculating the heat flow of the region through the sidewall, W; a is the sectional area of the side wall calculation area perpendicular to the heat flow direction, m2(ii) a r is the distance between a certain point in the lining and the center of the furnace, m; h is the height of the sidewall calculation region, m; k is the thermal conductivity, W/(m.K).
The model solution conditions were as follows:
(1) entrance boundary: setting a free plane of molten iron in a hearth as a speed inlet, and converting the uniform tapping rate through a tapping hole to obtain the molten iron;
(2) the outlet conditions were: a pressure outlet is adopted at the outlet of the hearth, and a constant pressure value is set;
(3) hearth side wall and bottom outer surface: and the convection boundary and the convection heat transfer coefficient are obtained by converting the temperature and the flow of cooling water on the side wall and the bottom of the hearth.
In addition, the refractory surface on the top of the hearth is provided as a heat insulating wall, and all solid walls are provided with no slip boundary condition.
The final temperature distribution of the hearth lining under certain erosion conditions obtained by numerical simulation is shown in fig. 4.
3) Extracting the temperature of the grid nodes in the graph 4, and performing fine processing on the result by using an interpolation method; grid nodes on a furnace cylinder isotherm obtained by numerical simulation and discrete point coordinates obtained after refinement are shown in table 1 (taking a 575K isotherm at the side without a casting hole as an example, the position of minus 6.60-minus 6.50 m).
TABLE 1575K isotherm grid nodes and discrete point coordinates (-6.5-6.4 part)
In table 1, underlined coordinates are grid node coordinates, and other coordinates are discrete point coordinates obtained by refinement processing using an interpolation method. Similar to the table 2, interpolation is also performed on other layers of the hearth lining to obtain the positions of grid nodes on other isotherms and the positions of the refined discrete points, so as to prepare for drawing the thermal flow line in the next step.
4) Drawing of furnace hearth lining thermal streamline
Drawing a hot flow line by using the corresponding position coordinates and temperature data of the thermocouple and the discrete point after the fine processing, wherein the drawing method comprises the following steps: and connecting discrete points with the same temperature in the last step to form an isotherm. Selecting the position of the over-shallow thermocouple or any position of the shallow liner as the starting point of the thermal flow line, and making a perpendicular line to the inner liner isothermal line through the point, wherein the perpendicular point is a discrete point forming the thermal flow line; then, the vertical line of the inner-layer isotherm is continuously drawn through the foot to obtain all the discrete points forming the thermal streamline, as shown in fig. 5.
5) Thermocouple position mapping
The original temperature measuring point position, the discrete point coordinate and the temperature of the G, H, J, K, L, M-layer thermocouple in the figure 3 are extracted. The thermal electric data are shown in table 2 (taking the tap hole side as an example),
TABLE 2 tap hole side thermocouple position and temperature data
And obtaining the mapping point of the deep thermocouple on the heat flow line based on the obtained heat flow line and the temperature measurement value of the inner thermocouple. In this example, if the point R in the liner is taken as the starting point of a heat flow line, the mapping position of the deep thermocouple (-6.287m,3.38m,543.6K) at the point P of the layer G on the heat flow line is shown as the point Q (-5.785m,1.628m,543.6K) in fig. 5; if the surface thermocouple is used as the starting point of the heat flow line, the specific position coordinates of the deep thermocouples in other layers are shown in table 3 (taking the side of the tap hole as an example).
TABLE 3 tap side hearth lining deep thermocouple temperature TDMapping locations in corner regions
| Number of layers | X/m | Y/m | TD/K |
| H | -6.34295 | 3.170509 | 509.55 |
| J | -6.29877 | 2.944617 | 475.47 |
| K | -5.42282 | 3.16709 | 458.31 |
| L | -5.34838 | 3.087364 | 441.15 |
| M | -4.67283 | 3.586306 | 543.63 |
Claims (10)
1. A thermocouple position mapping method for a corner area of a blast furnace lining is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a numerical simulation model according to the molten iron flowing form in the hearth, the hearth lining structure and the material, determining a solution condition, and carrying out numerical simulation calculation on the numerical simulation model under the constraint of the solution condition to obtain the lining temperature distribution;
obtaining the isothermal line distribution of the lining according to the temperature distribution of the lining;
and moving the thermocouples to corresponding heat flow lines of corner areas along the isotherms according to the temperature measurement data of the thermocouples at the side part and the bottom part, and completing the mapping of the positions of the thermocouples.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermocouple position mapping method comprises: carrying out geometric modeling and grid division on a hearth region, determining a numerical simulation model and a definite solution condition in the flowing heat transfer process of molten iron in the hearth, and carrying out numerical simulation calculation to obtain the temperature distribution of a furnace lining; the hearth region includes a furnace lining.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermocouple position mapping method comprises: the numerical simulation model comprises: the mathematical model of the flow heat transfer and the fluid-solid coupling of the molten iron.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermocouple position mapping method comprises: the acquisition and drawing of the furnace hearth lining isotherm comprises the following steps: extracting grid node temperature data obtained by numerical simulation, and interpolating the temperature data and corresponding positions by using an interpolation method; and drawing an isothermal line where the temperature measurement data of the thermocouple are based on the position and temperature data after numerical simulation and interpolation.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermocouple position mapping method comprises: the liner temperature profile includes the temperature profile of the liner corner regions, which by linear interpolation yields a denser set of temperature data than the existing grid nodes.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the thermocouple position mapping method comprises: the steps of obtaining denser temperature data by linear interpolation are as follows: and calculating the data of discrete points among grids by utilizing a linear interpolation method according to the number of grids in the corner area.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the thermocouple position mapping method comprises: based on the whole-field temperature distribution of the corner region, the temperature field is divided into N temperature intervals by combining the temperature measurement data of the side wall and the bottom thermocouple, and the isothermal line of the corner region is constructed. The N is more than or equal to 15; preferably 20 or more; and one region containing thermocouple temperature measurement data is bound to exist in the N temperature intervals.
8. The method for mapping positions of thermocouples in the corner areas of the inner lining of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein 1] 5 is characterized in that: and taking the shallow thermocouple in the lining close to the furnace shell or any position of the shallow layer of the lining as a starting point, sequentially making a vertical line of the isotherm, and constructing a heat flow line from the shallow thermocouple in the lining to the hot surface of the lining.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the thermocouple position mapping method comprises: the thermocouple location mapping process comprises the steps of: moving the temperature measurement data of the thermocouple to a target heat flow line in a corner area according to the isothermal line where the temperature data of the thermocouple is located;
and moving the thermoelectric even data which are not on the heat flow line to the corresponding heat flow line of the corner area through the isotherms with equal temperature measurement values, completing mapping, and obtaining the coordinates of the mapped thermocouple for carrying out subsequent one-dimensional heat transfer calculation.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermocouple position mapping method comprises: the target thermal flow line contains two thermal electric even data; the two thermocouple data are formed by actual thermocouple temperature measurement data and mapped thermocouple data, or both the two data are mapped thermocouple data.
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