CN111961525A - Method for extracting acer truncatum fruit edible oil - Google Patents
Method for extracting acer truncatum fruit edible oil Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
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- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
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- 102000035092 Neutral proteases Human genes 0.000 claims description 13
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- 229940059442 hemicellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 108010002430 hemicellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
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- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJXROGWVRIJYMO-SJDLZYGOSA-N Nervonic acid Natural products O=C(O)[C@@H](/C=C/CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC XJXROGWVRIJYMO-SJDLZYGOSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N Neochlorogenin-saeure Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000012883 Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14 Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N chlorogenic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940074393 chlorogenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 235000001368 chlorogenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N cis-3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)cc2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002770 condensed tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002212 flavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004126 nerve fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting acer truncatum fruit edible oil, which relates to the technical field of vegetable oil processing, and is characterized by shelling acer truncatum fruits to obtain acer truncatum seeds, putting the acer truncatum seeds into a low-temperature freezer, freezing for 30-60min at-130 ℃ to-160 ℃, then standing for 2h at normal temperature, drying, crushing to 30 meshes, then carrying out enzyme deactivation and enzymolysis, carrying out high-speed centrifugation for 15min at the rotating speed of 9800r/min, and separating to obtain the acer truncatum fruit edible oil. The extraction method disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly, pollution-free, short in time, high in crude oil quality, simple and convenient in oil extraction process operation, mild in oil extraction condition, free from damage to protein, low in acid value, phospholipid content and peroxide value of the extracted oil product, and capable of recycling substances such as soluble polysaccharide, protein and tea saponin contained in a water layer and residues obtained after centrifugal separation, so that the generation of sewage and waste is reduced compared with the traditional process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable oil processing, in particular to a method for extracting acer truncatum fruit edible oil.
Background
Acer truncatum is a special tree species in China and belongs to Aceraceae deciduous tree. Is distributed in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Beijing, inner Mongolia, Jilin, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Yunnan, Gansu, Ningxia, etc. of China. The acer truncatum leaves contain rich effective components such as flavone and chlorogenic acid, and the inner seed coats of the acer truncatum contain 60% of high-quality condensed tannin. The oil content of the acer truncatum bunge kernel is up to 48%, the unsaturated fatty acid content of the oil is up to 92%, the most probable and expensive matter is that the oil contains more than 5% of nervonic acid, the nervonic acid is the only one double-effect miraculous substance which is recognized in the world and can repair damaged nerve fibers and promote nerve cell regeneration, and the acer truncatum bunge kernel has remarkable anti-fatigue, anti-aging and blood fat reducing effects. Research shows that the content of vitamin E in acer truncatum seed oil is 125mg/100g, which is far higher than that of other vegetable oil, so that the value of the acer truncatum seed oil is far higher than that of other oil, and the acer truncatum seed oil is a functional oil with high added value. However, the existing acer truncatum buge oil preparation method mainly adopts the traditional squeezing method, and the acer truncatum buge oil prepared by the solvent method has the problems of solvent residue, energy consumption, serious environmental pollution and the like although the quality is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an extraction method of acer truncatum fruit edible oil, which is simple and convenient in oil extraction process, environment-friendly, pollution-free, low in energy consumption, high in oil yield and high in crude oil quality.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
an extraction method of acer truncatum fruit edible oil comprises the following extraction steps:
s1, shelling Acer Truncatum Bunge fruits to obtain Acer Truncatum Bunge seeds, placing the Acer Truncatum Bunge seeds in a low temperature freezer, freezing at-130 deg.C to-160 deg.C for 30-60min, and standing at room temperature for 2 h; the water in the fruit powder is frozen at low temperature to form crystals, and the water in the frozen cells is converted into ice crystals from water according to the change of the density of the crystals, so that the volume of the crystals is increased, the cell walls form a loose and uniform net structure, the cells are more easily damaged in the squeezing process, and the release of oil and fat components from the damaged cells is promoted.
S2, drying the Acer truncatum seeds which are thawed in the S1 at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 3 hours, cooling, crushing by a crusher, and sieving by a 30-mesh sieve to obtain fruit powder;
s3, weighing the fruit powder obtained in the step S2, adding deionized water according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:5, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle, inactivating enzyme at 90 ℃ for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a fruit powder mixed solution;
s4, mixing the fruit powder mixed solution obtained in S3 with 1 mol. L-1NaOH and 1 mol. L-1Adjusting the pH value of the HCI solution to 6.5, adding hemicellulase and neutral protease which are 5 weight times of the fruit powder, carrying out constant-temperature enzymolysis reaction for 3 hours in a water bath at 50 ℃, rapidly heating to 90 ℃, inactivating the enzyme for 20 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an enzymolysis solution; the method has the advantages that the method utilizes water as an extraction medium, simultaneously adds hemicellulase and neutral protease, destroys plant cell walls and oil body structures, promotes oil release, and simultaneously dissolves protein and some hydrophilic substances into a water phase, so that the purpose of simultaneously extracting oil and protein is achieved, and the method has the advantages of no solvent residue and light protein denaturation degree.
S5, centrifuging the enzymolysis liquid obtained in S4 at a high speed of 8000-.
Further, before the acer truncatum seeds in the S1 are put into a low-temperature freezer for freezing treatment, the acer truncatum seeds are soaked in warm water at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 10-20 min. The cells of the acer truncatum seeds can fully absorb water after being soaked, so that the volume of ice crystals converted from the water in the cells in the freezing treatment process is larger, the cells are more seriously damaged, and the oil and fat components are more favorably released from the damaged cells.
Further, the fruit powder frozen in the S2 is turned and stirred once every 0.5h in the process of waking up the jelly, and the temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, and the relative humidity is 70-75%.
Furthermore, the weight ratio of the hemicellulase to the neutral protease in the S4 is 1.5: 2.
Further, the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction in S4 was performed in a low-voltage pulsed electric field with a voltage amplitude of 40V, a pulse frequency of 2kHz, and a duty cycle of 0.5. The pulse electric field generates a magnetic field, and the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field alternately act to increase the permeability of the cell membrane, intensify the oscillation and weaken the strength of the membrane, so that the membrane is damaged, substances in the membrane easily flow out, substances outside the membrane easily permeate, and the protective effect of the cell membrane is weakened or even disappears.
Further, the enzymolysis reaction in S4 is carried out under the condition of intermittent stirring, and the stirring is carried out once every 20min, each time for 10min, and the stirring speed is 450 r/min.
Further, the high-speed centrifugation in S5 was performed in a DC electric field with an electric field strength of 1500-2000V/cm. The high-strength electric field is applied to the enzymolysis liquid by utilizing the electric field, the water drops are deformed and generate electrostatic force due to the action of the electric field on the water drops, the mechanical strength of an emulsion interface membrane can be weakened by the deformation of the water drops, the movement rate of the water drops can be increased by the electrostatic force, the kinetic energy is correspondingly increased, the water drops are promoted to collide with each other and are aggregated into larger water drops, and finally, the water phase is settled and separated out due to the density difference of the two phases.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the extraction method has the advantages of low energy consumption, short time, high crude oil quality, simple and convenient oil extraction process operation, mild oil extraction conditions, no damage to protein, low acid value, phospholipid content and peroxide value of the extracted oil product, recyclable substances such as soluble polysaccharide, protein, tea saponin and the like contained in a water layer and residues obtained after centrifugal separation, reduction of sewage and waste compared with the traditional process, and accordance with the development concept of green production and comprehensive utilization of the production process.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below:
example one
A method for extracting edible oil from Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit comprises shelling Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit to obtain Acer Truncatum Bunge seed, soaking in 40 deg.C warm water for 10min, freezing at-130 deg.C for 30min in a low temperature freezer, and refrigerating at room temperatureStanding for 2h, and stirring once every 0.5h in the standing process, and controlling the temperature at 20 ℃ and the relative humidity at 70%; drying the thawed Acer truncatum seeds at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 30-mesh sieve to obtain fruit powder; weighing 100g of the obtained fruit powder, adding 500mL of deionized water, putting into a water bath kettle, inactivating enzyme at 90 ℃ for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a fruit powder mixed solution; taking the obtained fruit powder mixed solution, and mixing with 1 mol. L-1NaOH and 1 mol. L-1Adjusting the pH value of the HCI solution to 6.5, adding 5g of hemicellulase and neutral protease, mixing the hemicellulase and the neutral protease according to a weight ratio of 1.5:2, carrying out enzymolysis reaction in a constant-temperature water bath at 50 ℃ in a low-voltage pulse electric field with a voltage amplitude of 40V, a pulse frequency of 2kHz and a duty ratio of 0.5 for 3 hours, stirring once every 20 minutes in the enzymolysis reaction process, stirring for 10 minutes every time at a stirring speed of 450r/min, then rapidly heating to 90 ℃ to inactivate the enzymes for 20 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an enzymolysis solution; and centrifuging the obtained enzymolysis liquid at high speed for 15min in a direct current electric field with the electric field intensity of 1500V/cm at the rotating speed of 8000r/min, and separating to obtain the acer truncatum bunge edible oil.
Example two
A method for extracting edible oil from Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit comprises shelling Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit to obtain Acer Truncatum Bunge seed, soaking in 45 deg.C warm water for 15min, freezing at-150 deg.C for 30-60min in a low temperature freezer, standing for 2 hr, stirring once every 0.5 hr during standing for 2 hr, and controlling the temperature at 21 deg.C and relative humidity at 73%; drying the thawed Acer truncatum seeds at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 30-mesh sieve to obtain fruit powder; weighing 100g of the obtained fruit powder, adding 500mL of deionized water, putting into a water bath kettle, inactivating enzyme at 90 ℃ for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a fruit powder mixed solution; taking the fruit powder mixed solution obtained in S2, and adding 1 mol. L-1NaOH and 1 mol. L-1Adjusting pH of HCI solution to 6.5, adding 5g of hemicellulase and neutral protease at a weight ratio of 1.5:2, performing enzymolysis reaction in a 50 ℃ constant temperature water bath in a low-voltage pulse electric field with a voltage amplitude of 40V, a pulse frequency of 2kHz and a duty ratio of 0.5 for 3h, and stirring every 20min during the enzymolysis reactionStirring for 10min each time at a stirring speed of 450r/min, rapidly heating to 90 deg.C, inactivating enzyme for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate; and centrifuging the obtained enzymolysis liquid at high speed for 15min in a direct current electric field with the electric field intensity of 1800V/cm at the rotating speed of 8500r/min, and separating to obtain the acer truncatum edible oil.
EXAMPLE III
A method for extracting edible oil from Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit comprises shelling Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit to obtain Acer Truncatum Bunge seed, soaking in 50 deg.C warm water for 20min, freezing at-160 deg.C for 60min in a low temperature freezer, standing at room temperature for 2 hr, stirring once every 0.5 hr during standing, and controlling the temperature at 25 deg.C and relative humidity at 75%; drying the thawed Acer truncatum seeds at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 30-mesh sieve to obtain fruit powder; weighing 100g of the obtained fruit powder, adding 500mL of deionized water, putting into a water bath kettle, inactivating enzyme at 90 ℃ for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a fruit powder mixed solution; taking the fruit powder mixed solution obtained in S2, and adding 1 mol. L-1NaOH and 1 mol. L-1Adjusting the pH value of the HCI solution to 6.5, adding 5g of fruit powder of hemicellulase and neutral protease, mixing the hemicellulase and the neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 1.5:2, carrying out enzymolysis reaction in a constant-temperature water bath at 50 ℃ in a low-voltage pulse electric field with the voltage amplitude of 40V, the pulse frequency of 2kHz and the duty ratio of 0.5 for 3h, stirring once every 20min in the enzymolysis reaction process, stirring for 10min every time at the stirring speed of 450r/min, then rapidly heating to 90 ℃ to inactivate the enzymes for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an enzymolysis solution; and centrifuging the obtained enzymolysis liquid at high speed for 15min in a direct current electric field with the electric field intensity of 2000V/cm at the rotating speed of 9000r/min, and separating to obtain the acer truncatum bunge edible oil.
Example four
The difference between this embodiment and the first to third embodiments is: the extraction method in the embodiment does not carry out the freezing treatment of the acer truncatum seeds in a low-temperature freezer.
A method for extracting edible oil from Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit comprises shelling Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit to obtain Acer Truncatum Bunge seed, pulverizing with pulverizer, and sieving with 30 mesh sieve to obtain fruit powder; weighing the fruitAdding 100g of the powder into 500mL of deionized water, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle, inactivating enzyme at 90 ℃ for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a fruit powder mixed solution; taking the fruit powder mixed solution obtained in S2, and adding 1 mol. L-1NaOH and 1 mol. L-1Adjusting the pH value of the HCI solution to 6.5, adding 5g of fruit powder of hemicellulase and neutral protease, mixing the hemicellulase and the neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 1.5:2, carrying out enzymolysis reaction in a constant-temperature water bath at 50 ℃ in a low-voltage pulse electric field with the voltage amplitude of 40V, the pulse frequency of 2kHz and the duty ratio of 0.5 for 3h, stirring once every 20min in the enzymolysis reaction process, stirring for 10min every time at the stirring speed of 450r/min, then rapidly heating to 90 ℃ to inactivate the enzymes for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an enzymolysis solution; and centrifuging the obtained enzymolysis liquid at high speed for 15min in a direct current electric field with the electric field intensity of 2000V/cm at the rotating speed of 9000r/min, and separating to obtain the acer truncatum bunge edible oil.
EXAMPLE five
The difference between this embodiment and the first to third embodiments is: in this example, neither the enzymatic reaction nor the high-speed centrifugation was performed in an electric field.
A method for extracting edible oil from Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit comprises shelling Acer Truncatum Bunge fruit to obtain Acer Truncatum Bunge seed, soaking in 50 deg.C warm water for 20min, freezing at-160 deg.C for 60min in a low temperature freezer, standing at room temperature for 2 hr, stirring once every 0.5 hr during standing, and controlling the temperature at 25 deg.C and relative humidity at 75%; drying the thawed Acer truncatum seeds at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 30-mesh sieve to obtain fruit powder; weighing 100g of the obtained fruit powder, adding 500mL of deionized water, putting into a water bath kettle, inactivating enzyme at 90 ℃ for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a fruit powder mixed solution; taking the fruit powder mixed solution obtained in S2, and adding 1 mol. L-1NaOH and 1 mol. L-1Adjusting the pH value of the HCI solution to 6.5, adding 5g of fruit powder of hemicellulase and neutral protease according to the weight ratio of 1.5:2, carrying out enzymolysis reaction for 3 hours in a constant-temperature water bath at 50 ℃, stirring once every 20min in the enzymolysis reaction process, stirring for 10min each time at the stirring speed of 450r/min, then rapidly heating to 90 ℃ to inactivate enzyme for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an enzymolysis solution;and centrifuging the obtained enzymolysis liquid at 9000r/min for 15min at high speed, and separating to obtain Acer Truncatum edible oil.
Taking the acer truncatum bunge edible oil extracted in the first to fourth embodiments, and respectively measuring the oil yield by adopting the first method in GB 5009.6-2016.
The oil yield (%) is equal to the mass of the acer truncatum edible oil/(the mass of acer truncatum fruit powder multiplied by the oil content of acer truncatum seeds) multiplied by 100%, wherein the oil content of the acer truncatum seeds is 45% through the detection of a Soxhlet extraction method.
The results of the measurements are shown in the following table:
| examples | Example one | Example two | EXAMPLE III | Example four | EXAMPLE five |
| Oil yield (%) | 90.9 | 91.4 | 92.1 | 61.8 | 85.2 |
As can be seen from the data in the above table, the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction and the high-speed centrifugation in the first to third examples are performed in an electric field, and the oil yield is above 90% after the freezing treatment before the extraction; in the example, the enzymolysis reaction and the high-speed centrifugation are carried out in an electric field, but the extraction is directly carried out without adopting the freezing treatment, and the oil yield is only 61.8%; in the example, the enzymolysis reaction and the high-speed centrifugation are not carried out in an electric field, but the oil yield reaches 85.2 percent after the freezing treatment is carried out before the extraction. Therefore, the water in the fruit powder is frozen at low temperature to form crystals, and the water in the frozen cells is converted into ice crystals from water according to the change of the density of the crystals, so that the volume of the crystals is increased, the cells are damaged from inside to outside, the release of oil components from the damaged cells can be effectively promoted, and the oil yield is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (7)
1. The extraction method of the acer truncatum fruit edible oil is characterized by comprising the following extraction steps:
s1, shelling Acer Truncatum Bunge fruits to obtain Acer Truncatum Bunge seeds, placing the Acer Truncatum Bunge seeds in a low temperature freezer, freezing at-130 deg.C to-160 deg.C for 30-60min, and standing at room temperature for 2 h;
s2, drying the Acer truncatum seeds which are thawed in the S1 at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 3 hours, cooling, crushing by a crusher, and sieving by a 30-mesh sieve to obtain fruit powder;
s3, weighing the fruit powder obtained in the step S2, adding deionized water according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:5, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle, inactivating enzyme at 90 ℃ for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a fruit powder mixed solution;
s4, mixing the fruit powder mixed solution obtained in S3 with 1 mol. L-1NaOH and 1 mol. L-1Adjusting pH to 6.5 with HCI solution, adding 5 wt% of fruit powder of hemicellulase and neutral protease at 50 deg.CCarrying out constant-temperature enzymolysis reaction in a water bath for 3h, then quickly heating to 90 ℃ to inactivate enzyme for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an enzymolysis liquid;
s5, centrifuging the enzymolysis liquid obtained in S4 at a high speed of 8000-.
2. The method for extracting the acer truncatum fruit edible oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acer truncatum seeds in S1 are soaked in warm water at 40-50 ℃ for 10-20min before being put into a low-temperature freezer for freezing.
3. The method for extracting the acer truncatum fruit edible oil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the frozen fruit powder in the step S2 is turned and stirred once every 0.5h in the process of standing for freezing, and the temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃ and the relative humidity is controlled to be 70-75%.
4. The method for extracting the acer truncatum fruit edible oil as claimed in claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the hemicellulase to the neutral protease in S4 is 1.5: 2.
5. The method for extracting the acer truncatum fruit edible oil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enzymolysis reaction in the S4 is carried out in a low-voltage pulse electric field, the voltage amplitude is 40V, the pulse frequency is 2kHz, and the duty ratio is 0.5.
6. The method for extracting the acer truncatum fruit edible oil as claimed in claim 5, wherein the enzymolysis reaction in the step S4 is carried out under a batch stirring condition, wherein stirring is carried out for 30min every time for a stirring period, and the stirring speed is 450 r/min.
7. The method for extracting Acer truncatum fruit edible oil as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the high speed centrifugation in S5 is performed in a DC electric field with an electric field strength of 1500-.
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